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Author: 


Stevens,  Don  Lorenzo 


Title: 


A  bibliography  of 
municipal  utility... 

Place: 

Cambridge 

Date: 

1918 


MASTER    NEGATIVE   # 


COLUMBIA  UNIVERSITY  LIBRARIES 
PRESERVATION 

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ORIGINAL  MATERIAL  AS  FILMED  -     EXISTING  BIBLIOGRAPHIC  RECORD 


Business 

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Stevens,  Don  Lorenzo • 

A  bibliography  of  municipal  utility  regula- 
tion and  municipal  ovmership.  Cambridge, 
Harvard  university  press,  1918. 

3  p.  1.,  v-vlii,  410  p.,  11.  (Half-title: 
Harvard  business  studies.  vol»  IV) 


!•  Public  utilities  -  Bibl.  2»  Municipal 
franchises  -  Bibl.  3.  Municipal  ownership  - 
Bibl*  (^ 


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HARVARD   BUSINESS  STUDIES 


VOLUME  IV 


HARVARD  BUSINESS  STUDIES 

I.    SCIRNTIFIC  MaNAGBMBNT 

Edited  by  C.  6.  Thompson.  $4.00  tut. 

II.  An  Approach  to  Business  Problems 
By  A.  W.  Shaw.  $2.00  net. 

III.  Business  Statistics 

Edited  by  M.  T.  CopeUnd.  $3.75  m/. 

IV.  Bibliography  of  Municipal  Utility 
Regulation  and  Municipal  Ownership 
By  D.  L.  Stevens.  $4.00  fuf. 

HARVARD  UNIVERSITY  PRESS 
CAMBRIDGE,  MASS.,  U.S.A. 


A  Bibliography  of 

Municipal  Utility  Regulation 
and  Municipal  Ownership 


BY 


DON  LORENZO  STEVENS,  M.B.A, 


nil  CD' 


«  • 


.€AMB}u3xj£;-; :  / 

HARVARD  UNIVERSITY  PRESS 

'  -  OXTOBO  UZOVCKSITY  PAEbS'    ' 


*  t 

•  *  • 


Prom  iiorary   of 
jj^a,ji    McBain 
Ma  J   >^9,1941 


COPYRIGHT,  1 918 
HARVASD  UNIVESSTTY  PRESS 


I 


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Q. 


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TO 

MY  FATHER 

WHOSE  INTEREST  AND  ENCOURAGEMENT 
HAVE  MADE  THIS  WORK  POSSIBLE 


IHI« 


PREFACE 


An  extensive  bibliography  intended  primarily  for  the  use  of  busi- 
ness men  may  appear  somewhat  novel.  Yet  the  recent  great 
increase  in  the  number  of  special  libraries  is  an  indication  of 
the  widespread  need  for  ready  access  to  business  literature.  In 
the  field  of  public  utility  regulation  and  municipal  ownership  the 
amount  of  material  is  so  vast  that  few  can  keep  pace  with  it.  To 
provide  a  classified  and  critical  index  for  the  use  of  utility  man- 
agers, conmiissioners,  lawyers  and  all  others  interested  in  public 
utilities  is  the  purpose  of  this  work. 

In  making  a  choice  of  material  to  be  included  and  the  form  of 
presentation,  the  decision  has  been  based  upon  the  needs  of  the 
busy  man  of  affairs.  That  the  expert  and  the  general  reader  alike 
may  be  served,  all  readily  accessible  books  and  signed  articles,  of 
more  than  transitory  interest,  have  been  listed.  Free  use  of  an- 
notations, together  with  a  detailed  subject  classification,  will 
serve  to  guide  the  reader  to  the  works  best  suited  to  his  needs. 
OflScial  publications  are  included  only  if  especially  valuable,  but 
references  to  other  sources  of  information  are  given  in  the  list  of 
bibliographies.  Works  in  other  languages  than  English  are 
omitted.  Electric,  gas,  water  and  traction  utilities  are  covered, 
and  it  is  believed  that  little  of  value  on  the  subjects  treated  has 
been  overlooked.  Owing  to  the  rapid  changes  in  the  methods  of 
regulation  during  the  last  decade,  nearly  all  of  the  recent  but  only 
the  best  of  the  earlier  material  is  included.  The  work  has  been 
brought  down  to  January  i,  191 7. 

As  no  one  person  could  pass  expert  judgment  on  so  many  sub- 
jects, the  critical  annotations  are  intended  to  indicate  relative 
value  only.  Not  all  people  will  agree  with  the  author^s  comments 
on  the  various  works,  but  the  annotations  are  only  intended  to 
faciUtate  a  selection  of  material.  The  titie  and  annotations,  to- 
gether with  the  subject  classification,  indicate  quite  closely  the 
nature  of  each  book  and  article.    "  Elementary  "  and  "  techni- 


f 


VI 


PREFACE 


cal  "  are  used  in  the  ordinary  sense.  "  Popular,"  however,  indi- 
cates that  the  article  is  elementary,  rather  wordy  and  of  relatively 
little  interest.  "  Brief  "  refers  both  to  actual  length  and  to  the 
amount  of  information  conveyed.  Where  the  writer's  conclusions 
are  of  interest  in  determining  the  choice  of  material,  these  also  are 
briefly  indicated.     . 

In  the  course  of  preparation  of  the  author's  forthcoming  book 
on  The  Regulation  of  Municipal  Utilities^  a  broad  survey  of  the 
published  material  on  the  subject  was  undertaken.  The  vast 
amount,  and  the  difficulty  of  selecting  the  best  soon  became 
apparent.  Public  utility  operators,  conunissioners,  librarians  and 
others  with  whom  he  came  in  contact,  almost  without  exception, 
expressed  the  need  for  a  comprehensive  guide  to  the  literature  and 
urged  him  to  undertake  its  compilation.  As  a  consequence  practi- 
cally all  of  the  author's  free  time  during  the  past  two  years,  to- 
gether with  the  time  of  several  assistants,  has  been  devoted  to  the 
work.  The  titles  listed  in  this  volume  comprise  less  than  one- 
third  of  the  material  collected.  The  publishing  of  the  remainder 
for  the  sake  of  completeness  was  thought  inadvisable,  since  all  of 
the  better  works  have  been  included.  In  conclusion,  let  it  be 
stated  that  the  author  has  personally  read  every  work  listed 
herein,  and  that  the  annotations  are  based  solely  upon  his  judg- 
ment. Despite  the  resulting  inevitable  defects,  it  is  hoped  that 
the  volume  will  prove  of  considerable  assistance  to  all  persons 
studying  the  subjects  of  mimicipal  utility  regulation  and  municipal 
ownership. 

D.  L.  S. 


CONTENTS 


Preface 


I.  General  Works 

Books,  3;  Articles,  9;  Bibliographies,  17. 


PAGX 

V 

3-21 


n.  History  of  Utilities  and  of  Regulation  ....  22-126 

United  States  and  Foreign,  22;  United  States  —  General,  28; 
Alabama,  47;  California,  47;  Colorado,  51;  Connecticut,  51; 
District  of  Columbia,  52;  Florida,  52;  Georgia,  52;  Idaho,  53; 
Illinois,  ss;  Indiana,  60;  Iowa,  61;  Kansas,  63;  Kentucky,  63; 
Louisiana,  63;  Maryland,  64;  Massachusetts,  65;  Michigan,  71; 
Minnesota,  74;  Missouri,  76;  Nebraska,  77;  New  Jersey,  78; 
New  York,  78;  Ohio,  87;  Oklahoma,  93;  Oregon,  93;  Pennsyl- 
vania, 93;  Rhode  Island,  97;  South  Dakota,  97;  Tennessee,  97; 
Texas,  97;  Vennont,  98;  Virginia,  99;  Washington,  99;  West 
Virgmia,  loi;  Wisconsin,  loi;  Austria,  109;  Belgium,  109;  Can- 
ada, 109;  France,  112;  Germany,  113;  Great  Britain,  114;  Italy, 
125;  Japan,  126;  Spain,  126;  Sweden,  126;  Switzerland,  126. 


127-146 


in.  Franchises 

General  Works,  127. 
History:  United  States  and  Foreign,  132;  United  States  — Gen- 
eral, 132;  California,  134;  Colorado,  134;  Illinois,  135;  Indiana, 
137;  Iowa,  137;  Massachusetts,  137;  Michigan,  138;  Minnesota, 
138;  Missouri,  139;  New  York,  139;  Ohio,  141;  Pennsylvania, 
143;  Wisconsm,  143;  Canada,  144;  FVance,  144. 
Length  of  Term,  144. 

IV.  Public  Service  Commissions    ....  147-10  c 

General  Works,  147.  *    *       "*'     ^^ 

History:   Commissions  in  General,  153;   California,  158;   Colo- 
rado, 160;   lUinois,  160;   Indiana,  161;   Iowa,  161;   Massachu- 
setts, 162;    Mmnesota,  163;    Missouri,  163;   New  Jersey,  16^; 
New  York  163;  Ohio,  167;  Oklahoma,  167;  Pennsylvania,  167 
Texas    168;    Vermont,  168;    Virginia,  168;    Washington,  168 
West  Virginia,  168;  Wisconsin,  169.  ' 

Sute  vs.  Local  Regulation,  174. 
Uniform  Accounting,  178. 
Service  Regulation,  184. 
Control  of  Capitalization,  189. 
Judicial  Review  of  Regulation:  General  works,  192;  History,  194. 


Vlil  CONTENTS 

V.  Valuation 19^254 

General  Works:  Books,  196;  Articles,  201. 

History:  United  States  —  General,  211;  California,  313;  Illinois, 

212;  Iowa,  212;  Michigan,  212;  Missouri,  213;  Nebraska,  213; 

New  Jersey,  213;    New  York,  213;    Ohio,  213;    Oregon,  214; 

Texas,  214;  Washington,  214;  Wisconsin,  814. 

Theories  and  Methods,  215. 

Inventories,  220. 

Intangibles,  224. 

Franchise  Value,  231. 

Land  Value,  233. 

Depreciation,  234. 

Value  for  Condemnation  and  Purchase,  248. 

Court  and  Commission  Attitude,  249. 

VI.  Rates 255-299 

History:  United  States  and  Foreign,  255;  United  States  —  Gen- 
eral, 255;   California,  258;   Georgia,  259;   Idaho,  259;   Illinois, 
259;  Iowa,  260;  Louisiana,  260;  Maryland,  260;  Massachusetts, 
260;  Michigan,  261;  Minnesota,  262;  Missouri,  262;  New  York, 
262;  Ohio,  263;  Oregon,  263;  Pennsylvania,  263;  Texas,  264; 
Vermont,  264;  Washington,  264;  Wisconsin,  264;  Canada,  266; 
France,  266;  Germany,  266;  Great  Britain,  266;  Italy,  267. 
Rate  Schedules:   General  Works,  267;   Electric,  271;  Gas,  284; 
Traction,  286;  Water,  290. 
Rate  of  Return,  293. 
The  Sliding  Scale,  297. 

VII.  Taxation 300-307 

Vm.  Holding  Companies 308 

DC.  Municipal  Ownership 309-378 

General  Works:  Books,  309;  Articles,  311. 
In  Favor,  319. 
Opposed,  326. 

History:  United  States  and  Foreign,  333;  United  States  —  Gen- 
eral* 337;  Alabama,  343;  California,  343;  Connecticut,  345; 
Florida,  345;  Georgia,  346;  Idaho,  346;  Illinois,  346;  Indiana, 
349;  Iowa,  349;  Kansas,  350;  Kentucky,  350;  Louisiana,  350; 
Massachusetts,  351;  Michigan,  352;  Minnesota,  354;  Missouri, 
354;  Nebraska,  354;  New  York,  355;  Ohio,  356;  Oklahoma,  358; 
Oregon,  358;  Pennsylvania,  358;  South  Dakota,  360;  Tennessee, 
360;  Texas,  360;  Vermont,  360;  Virginia,  361;  Washington,  361; 
West  Virginia,  362;  Wisconsin,  362;  Austria,  363;  Belgium,  363; 
Canada,  363;  France,  365;  Germany,  366;  Great  Britain,  367; 
Italy,  377;  Japan,  377;  Sweden,  377;  Switzerland,  377. 
Regulation  of  Municipal  Plants,  378. 

Index 379-410 


bibliography  of  municipal 

utilities 


't 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF   MUNICIPAL 

UTILITIES 


I.  GENERAL  WORKS 
Books 

American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science.  Control  of 
mimicipal  public  service  corporations.  Annals  of  the  Ameri- 
can Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  xxxi,  no.  3  (1908). 
201  pp. 

An  excellent  symposium  on  the  utility  problems  in  various  American 
cities.    For  list  of  articles  see  p.  29. 

Electric  railway  transportation.    Annals  of  the  American 

Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  xxxvii,  no.  i  (1907). 
203  pp. 

The  urban  transportation  problem:  a  general  discussion.    B.  J.  Arnold. 
The  decreasing  financial  return  upon  urban  street  raUway  properties. 

Thomas  Conway. 
The  depreciation  problem.    W.  B.  Jackson. 
Methods  of  increasing  the  eflSciency  of  surface  Imes  in  laree  cities 

Williston  Fish. 

The  investigation  of  traffic  possibilities  of  proposed  subway  lines.    W.  S. 
Twining. 

Possibilities  of  freight  traffic  on  interurban  lines.    F.  S.  Cummins. 
Express  business  on  interurban  lines.    A.  Eastman. 
Economic  factors  in  the  selection  of  cars  for  urban  service.    S.  M. 
Curwen. 

The  relations  of  the  electric  railway  company  with  its  employees.    C.  D. 

Emmons. 
The  strike  problem  upon  electric  railways.    D.  T.  Pierce. 
Educating  the  public  to  a  proper  appreciation  of  urban  street  railway 

problems.    A.  W.  Wamock. 

The  presentation  of  interurban  problems  to  the  public.    A  D  B  Van 

Zandt. 
Valuation  of  intangible  street  railway  property.    F.  R.  Ford. 
The  indeterminate  permit  as  a  satisfactory  franchise.    W.  O.  Morgan. 
State  supervision  of  electric  railways  in  Wisconsin.    B.  H.  Meyer. 
The  fruits  of  public  regulation  in  New  York.    M.  R.  Maltbie. 
Supervising  engineers  and  street  railway  service.    George  Weston. 
Industrial  arbitration  in  Australia.    P.  S.  Eldershaw. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL   UTILITIES 


GENERAL  WORKS 


I 


I 


if 


f! 

r 
•i 

II 


American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science.  Public 
policies  as  to  municipal  utilities.  Annals  of  the  American 
Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  Ivii  (1915).     357  pp. 

Fundamental  planks  in  a  public  utility  program.    D.  F.  Wilcox. 

The  regulation  of  municipal  utilities.    N.  T.  Guernsey. 

Philadelphia's  transit  problem.    A.  M.  Taylor. 

Municipal  lighting  rates.    Ray  Palmer. 

Interlocking  directorates.    L.  D.  Brandeis. 

The  regulation  of  public  utilities.    C.  H.  Harrison. 

Some  present  day  issues  of  public  utility  regulation.    E.  W.  Bemis. 

What  certain  cities  have  accomplished  without  state  regulation.    S.  P. 

Jones. 
A  constructive  policy  for  public  service  corporations.    Charles  Day. 
What  regulation  must  accomplish  if  it  is  to  be  permanent.     J.  M. 

Eshelman. 
The  advantages  of  state  regulation.    Halford  Erickson. 
The  distribution  of  functions  between  local  and  state  regulation.    M.  R. 

Maltbie. 
The  case  for  home  rule.    C.  E.  Merriam. 
State  and  local  regulation  in  Pennsylvania.    I.  W.  Stratton. 
Municipal  ownership.    N.  D.  Baker. 
Municipal  ownership:    the  testimony  of  foreign  experience.     F.  C. 

Howe. 
Pasadena's  municipal  light  and  power  plant.    C.  W.  Koiner. 
South  Norwalk's  municipal  electric  works.    A.  E.  Winchester. 
The  hydro-electric  system  in  Toronto.    H.  C.  Hocken. 
Some  hmitations  and  objections  to  municipal  ownership.     C.   M. 

Rosencrantz. 
Municipal  ownership  and  operation  of  water  works.    M.  N.  Baker. 
Why  I  believe  in  municipal  ownership.    Robert  Grosser. 
The  utilities  bureau.    Felix  Frankfurter. 
Holding  companies  and  the  public  welfare.    G.  F.  Mathewson. 
Public  advantages  of  holding  companies.    F.  T.  Homer. 
The  public  welfare  and  the  holding  company.    J.  P.  Goodrich. 

Proceedings  of  the  Conference  of  American  mayors. 
Excellent  symposium;  from  the  public's  point  of  view. 

State  regulation  of  public  utilities.  Annals  of  the  Ameri- 
can Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  liii  (1914). 

317  PP- 

Commission  regulation  of  public  utilities:  a  survey  of  legislation.    I.  L. 

Shariman. 
The  qualifications  needed  for  public  utility  commissioners.     W.  D. 

Kerr. 
The  pubhc  service  company  law  of  Pennsylvania.    G.  W.  M.  Trinklc. 


Some  defects  in  the  present  Pennsylvania  statute  on  public  utilities. 

C.  E.  Bown. 

Methods  of  judicial  review  in  relation  to  effectiveness  in  conmiission  con- 
trol.   O.  L.  Pond. 
Lower  telephone  rates  for  New  York  City.    E.  H.  Outerbridge. 
EflFects  of  state  regulation  upon  the  municipal  ownership  movement. 

D.  F.  Wilcox. 

EflPect  of  state  regulation  upon  municipal  home  rule.    J.  A.  Smith. 

State  vs,  local  regulation.    S.  P.  Jones. 

Public  utility  regulation  by  Los  Angeles.    C.  K.  Mohler. 

Governmental  regulation  of  accounting  procedure.    L.  G.  Powers. 

Accounting  in  public  service  regulation.    F.  W.  Stevens. 

Effects  of  the  indeterminate  franchise  under  state  regulation.    W.  J. 

Norton. 
Should  the  public  utilities  commission  have  power  to  control  the  issuance 

of  securities.    J.  M.  Eshelman. 
Texas  stock  and  bond  law.    C.  S.  Potts. 
Rate  of  return.    J.  E.  Allison. 

Capitalization  of  earnings  of  public  service  companies.    Morris  Schaflf. 
Certain  principles  of  valuation  in  rate  cases.    R.  H.  Whitten. 
Depreciation.    J.  E.  Allison. 

Non-physical  or  going  concern  values.    H.  P.  Gillette. 
Recent  tendencies  in  valuations  for  rate  making  purposes.  Edwin  Gruhl. 
Electric  lighting  and  power  rates.    Halford  Erickson. 
Elements  to  be  considered  in  fixing  water  rates.    G.  W.  Fuller. 
Regulating  the  quality  of  public  utility  service.    J.  N.  Cadby. 
Service  regulations  for  gas.    R.  H.  Femald. 
Some  notes  on  the  regulation  of  gas  service.    J.  C.  Dickerman. 
Service  regulations  for  electrical  utilities.    L.  H.  Harris. 
Ten  rules  for  service.    P.  A.  Sinsheimer. 

An  excellent  symposium  on  all  phases  of  the  problem. 

Curtis,  W.  J.    Local  public  utilities.    Cambridge  ?  1911.    29  + 
21  pp. 

Downey,  E.  H.    Regulation  of  urban  utilities  in  Iowa.    Iowa 
City,  191 2.     174  pp. 

Iowa  applied  history  series,  i,  no.  3. 

Ch.  i.  The  need  of  regulating  urban  utilities. 

ii.  The  failure  of  local  regulation. 

iii.  The  appropriate  organ  of  state  regulation. 

iv.  Public  service  commissions  in  the  United  States. 

V.  Urban  utility  regulation  in  Iowa. 

vi.  Suggestions  for  effective  utility  regulation. 
An  excellent,  thoroughly  annotated  study  of  the  principles  of  regulation, 
regulation  in  the  United  States  and  Iowa's  experience. 


I 


!) 


l! 


6  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTILITIES 

FooTE,  A.  R.    Municipal  public  service  industries.    Chicago, 

1899-    337  PP- 

Part  I.  How  should  the  franchise  question  be  settled  ? 
II.  Powers  of  municipalities. 
ni.  Cost  of  service  to  users  and  tax  payers. 

Holmes,  F.  L.    Regulation  of  railroads  and  public  utilities  in 
Wisconsin.    New  York,  1915.    375  pp. 

Discusses  the  work  of  the  Wisconsin  commission  only,  but  serves  as  a 
very  good  elementary  work  on  all  phases  of  public  utility  regulation. 
For  list  of  chapters,  see  p.  104. 

King,  C.  L.    The  regulation  of  municipal  utilities.    New  York, 

191 2.    404  pp. 

Need  for  regulation.    C.  L.  King. 

Mimicipal  ownership  vs.  adequate  regulation.    C.  L.  King. 

The  Minneapolis  gas  settlement:  a  typical  struggle  for  a  dty's  rights. 

S.  P.  Jones. 
Franchise  essentials.    C.  L.  King. 
The  sliding  scale  method  of  regulation  as  applied  to  gas  companies  in 

Massachusetts.    E.  N.  Wrightington. 
Is  a  rational  basis  possible  for  telephone  rates  ?    D.  C.  Jackson. 
A  rapid  transit  policy  for  greater  New  York.    M.  R.  Maltbie. 
Elements  of  a  constructive  franchise  policy.    D.  F.  Wilcox. 
Suggestions  for  a  model  street  railway  franchise.   D.  F.  Wilcox  and  J.  W. 

S.  Peters. 
The  need  for  public  utility  commissions.     C.  L.  King. 
The  board  of  public  utilities  of  Los  Angeles.    L.  R.  Works. 
The  utilities  commission  of  Kansas  City,  Missouri.    J.  A.  Harzfeld 
The  St.  Louis  public  service  commission.    R.  N.  Baldwin. 
State  vs.  municipal  utility  commissions.    C.  L.  King. 
Uniform  accounting:  its  needs  and  results.    E.  K.  Gruhl. 
The  public  utilities  commission  of  Massachusetts.    J.  B.  Eastman. 
The  Wisconsin  public  utilities  commission.    B.  H.  Meyer. 
The  public  utility  law  of  New  York.    T.  M.  Osborne. 
The  New  York  public  service  commission  for  the  second  district.    G.  R. 

Grant. 
The  work  of  the  public  service  conmiission  for  the  first  district,  New 

York.    R.  H.Whitten. 
A  selected  bibliography.    C.  L.  King. 

An  excellent  elementary  textbook.  Many  of  the  chapters  are  revised 
reprints  from  the  Proc.,  National  Conference  for  Good  City  Govern- 
ment. 


GENERAL  WORKS  7 

LiNDSLEY,  Van  Sinderen.    Rate  regulation  of  gas  and  electric 
lighting.    New  York,  1906.     165  pp. 

"  The  object  of  this  little  book  is  to  set  forth,  as  condsely  as  the  scope 
of  the  subject  will  permit,  the  legislative  acts  and  decided  cases  in 
the  several  states  affecting  the  business  of  supplying  gas  and  electric 
light." 

An  excellent  study. 

McLaughlin,  A.  C,  and  Hart,  A.  B.  Cyclopedia  of  American 
government.    New  York,  1914.    3  vols. 

Contains  short,  signed  articles,  each  followed  by  references  to  authorities. 
The  best  articles  on  mimicipal  utility  regulation  are  the  following: 

Commissions  in  American  government.    C.  A.  Beard,  i,  350-354. 
Financial  aspects  of  corporation  franchises.    E.  S.  Mead,  ii,  44. 
Legal  aspects  of  corporation  franchises.    D.  R.  Dewey,  ii,  45-48. 
Public  regulation  of  gas  lighting.     C.  L.  King,  ii,  71. 
Holding  companies.    E.  S.  Mead,  ii,  124. 
Electric  lighting.    T.  C.  Martin,  ii,  354-355. 
Municipal  ownership.    M.  R.  Maltbie,  ii,  486-487. 
Public  service  commissions.    M.  R.  Maltbie,  iii,  108-110. 
Public  service  corporations.    M.  R.  Maltbie,  iii,  iia-112. 
State  railroad  commissions.    H.  M.  Bowman,  iii,  134-135. 
Electric  raih-oads.    T.  C.  Martin,  iii,  138-140. 
Problems  of  transit  in  cities.    D.  F.  Wilcox,  iii,  549-552. 
Valuation  of  public  utilities.    R.  H.  Whitten,  iii,  606. 

Matthews,  Nathan.  Municipal  charters:  a  discussion  of  the 
essentials  of  a  city  charter  with  forms  or  models  for  adoption. 
Cambridge,  19 14.     210  pp. 

Ch.  V.  Relations  with  public  service  corporations. 

xi.  Administrative  provisions:  the  management  of  water,  gas  and 
similar  municipal  enterprises. 
A  good  discussion  of  the  provisions  that  should  be  included  in  a  city 
charter. 

RoEMER,  J.  H.  Some  features  of  state  regulation  of  public  utili- 
ties.   Madison,  1909.     25  pp. 

A  very  general  article  on  regulation  and  the  work  of  the  Wisconsin  com- 
mission. 

RowE,  L.  S.    Problems  of  city  government.    New  York,  1908. 
358  pp. 
Ch.  x.  The  relation  of  the  city  to  public  utilities. 

xi.  The  municipality  and  the  gas  supply  as  illustrated  by  the 
experience  of  Philadelphia. 


8  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

xii.  Fundamental  principles  involved  in  municipal  ownership. 

xiii.  Municipal  ownership  and  operation  of  street  railways  in  Ger- 
many. 

xiv.  Municipal  ownership  and  operation:   the  value  of  foreign  ex- 
perience. 
A  very  good  elementary  textbook,  with  references. 

Sharfman,  I.  L.  Railway  regulation:  an  analysis  of  the  under- 
lying problems  in  railway  economics  from  the  standpoint  of 
government  regulation.    Chicago,  1915.    230  pp. 

Ch.  i.  The  extent  and  importance  of  railway  transportation, 
ii.  The  problem  of  regulation, 
iii.  American  railway  development, 
iv.  Railway  competition. 
V.  The  theory  and  practice  of  rate  making, 
vi.  Regulation  of  railway  rates, 
vii.  Railway  discrimination, 
viii.  Regulation  by  the  states, 
ix.  The  conflict  between  state  and  federal  authority. 
X.  Federal  regulation. 
An  excellent  elementary  work,  treating  of  raikoads  only,  but  containing 
chapters  of  interest  for  all  public  utilities. 

Wyer,  S.  S.    Regulation,  valuation  and  depreciation  of  pubKc 
utilities.    Columbus,  1913.    313  pp. 

Ch.  i.  The  public  and  the  public  utility. 

ii.  Fundamental  definitions. 

iii.  Economics  of  utility  problems. 

iv.  Governmental  power  to  regulate  utilities. 

V.  Protection  of  utilities  from  adverse  regulation. 

vi.  Requirements  of  regulation, 
vii.  Relief  from  oppressive  regulation, 
viii.  Depreciation. 

ix.  Electrolysis  as  a  form  of  depreciation. 
X.  Legal  status  of  electrolysis. 

xi.  Valuation. 

xii.  Going  value  and  going  concern  value  of  utilities, 
xiii.  Principles  governing  cost  of  utility  service, 
xiv.  Engineering  data  pertaining  to  utility  regulation,  valuation  and 
depreciation  problems. 

XV.  Reference  data, 
xvi.  Selected  bibliography. 
An  excellent  and  comprehensive  work,  composed  mainly  of  classified 
quotations  from  books,  articles  and  cases  on  the  subjects  discussed. 
Not  very  readable,  but  contains  much  of  interest  for  both  layman  and 
expert. 


GENERAL  WORKS  9 

Y.  M.  C.  A.,  New  York,  West  Side  Branch.  Public  utility  eco- 
nomics.   New  York,  1914.     195  pp. 

Magnitude  of  the  electric  light,  power  and  transportation  business. 

T.  C.  Martin. 
The  public,  the  investor  and  the  holding  company.    F.  T.  Homer. 
Municipal  ownership  of  public  utilities.    Arthur  Williams. 
Progress  of  the  science  of  lighting.    E.  P.  Hyde. 
Telephones  at  home  and  abroad.    T.  P.  Sylvan. 
Future  of  public  utilities.    T.  N.  McCarter. 
Centralization  of  power  supply.    Samuel  Insull. 
Investments  in  public  utilities  and  how  held.    W.  H.  Gardiner. 
Future  regulation  of  public  utilities.    W.  D.  Kerr. 
Some  legal  aspects  of  regulation  of  public  service  corporations.    C.  F. 

Mathewson. 

Papers  before  the  "  Finance  forum  "  of  the  association.    A  good,  ele- 
mentary symposium  on  various  regulation  problems. 

Articles 

Abell,  H.  C.  Difficult  problems  which  public  utility  commis- 
sions are  endeavoring  to  solve.  Journal  of  Electricity,  Power 
and  Gas,  xxii,  81-84  (1909). 

A  very  good,  concise  analysis  of  the  elements  of  value,  rate  of  return, 
service  standards  and  efficiency  rewards. 

American  Gas  Light  Journal,  xc,  1120-1122,  1164- 

1165  (1909). 

AiMERT,  Harold.   Public  utility  regulation  from  the  standpoint 
of  the  public  and  the  engineer.  Journal  of  the  Western  Society 
of  Engineers,  xix,  516-522  (1914). 
Discussion:  pp.  532-540. 

Baker,  C.  W.    What  shall  we  do  with  mxmicipal  monopolies  ? 
{In  Monopolies  and  the  people.    3d  edition.    New  York, 
1899)    333-346. 
A  brief  discussion  of  the  need  for  regulation  and  the  right  to  regulate. 

Bauer,  John.  The  control  of  return  on  public  utility  invest- 
ments.   Political  Science  Quarterly,  xxxi,  260-288  (1916). 

Purpose:  "  to  point  out  the  fundamental  difficulties  in  present  procedure 
and  to  suggest  how  they  may  be  reasonably  overcome."    Excellent. 


lO 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


I 


Baum,  F.  G.  The  best  control  of  public  utilities.  Trans.,  Ameri- 
can Institute  of  Electrical  Engineers,  xxxiv,  145-167  (1915)- 

The  writer  advocates  class  rates  to  avoid  the  appearance  of  discrimina- 
tion, and  a  liberal  rate  of  return  to  secure  extensions.  Includes  charts 
and  formulae;  non-technical. 

Stone  and  Webster  Public  Service  Journal,  xvi,  100- 

iio  (1915)- 
Abstract. 

Bemis,  E.  W.  Some  present-day  issues  of  public  utility  regula- 
tion. Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 
Science,  Ivii,  62-71  (1915). 

A  popular  discussion  of  commission  regulation,  from  the  public's  point 
of  view. 

Busby,  L.  A.    Regulation  of  public  utilities.    Journal  of  the 

Western  Society  of  Engineers,  xxi,  33-51  (1916). 

Discussion:  pp.  51-54.  A  very  popular  article,  of  interest  chiefly  for  its 
discussion  of  requirements  for  success  in  conunission  regulation. 

Aera,  iv,  515-533  (1916). 

Reprint. 

Electric  Railway  Journal,  xlvi,  1081-1084  (1915). 

Abstract. 

Cahoon,  J.  B.   State  control  of  corporations.   Municipal  Affairs, 

iv,  520-525  (1900). 

A  brief  outline  of  the  desirable  form  of  regulation,  interesting  because  of 
advocating  methods  substantially  the  same  as  those  now  in  use. 

Crosby,  O.  T.   Public  policies  and  public  utilities.   Aera,  i,  87-99 
(1912). 
On  six  possible  relationships  between  the  company  and  the  public. 

Day,  Charles.    A  constructive  policy  for  public  service  cor- 
porations.  Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and 
Social  Science,  Ivii,  83-93  (191 5). 
Good  outline  of  policies  for  utility  management.    Somewhat  elementary. 

Douglass,  S.  M.    Regulation  and  the  public.    Progressive  Age, 
XXX,  783-786  (1912). 
Popular  and  rather  general. 


GENERAL  WORKS 


II 


DtJFFY,  C.  N.    Electric  utilities.    Public  Service,  xii,  47-52,  89- 
94  (1912). 
A  popular,  general  discussion  of  utility  problems,  with  statistics. 

Electric  Railway  Journal,  xxxix,  103-105  (191 2). 

The  same,  sUghtly  condensed. 

Erickson,   Halford.     The   advantages  of  state  regulation. 
Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 
Science,  Ivii,  123-162  (19 15). 
Excellent  general  article  on  commission  regulation  and  its  problems. 

The  regulation  of  public  utilities  in  Wisconsin.    Journal  of 

the  Western  Society  of  Engineers,  xviii,  398-422  (1913). 

Discussion:  pp.  423-440.  A  good  elementary  paper  on  conmiission 
regulation  in  the  form  of  a  description  of  the  work  of  the  Wisconsin 
commission. 

Public  Service,  xiv,  135-138,  179-181  (1913). 

Abstract. 

■ Regulation   of   utilities   by   commission.     Railway  Age 

Gazette,  Uv,  755-759  (1913)- 
Abstract. 

EsHLEMAN,  J.  M.     Regulation  fundamentals.     Public  Service 
Regulation,  ii,  684-685  (1913). 

Elementary. 

What  regulation  must  accomplish  if  it  is  to  be  permanent. 

Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 
Science,  Ivii,  94-110  (1915). 
Excellent  general  discussion. 

FooTE,  A.  R.    Municipal  ownership  problem  solved.    Moody's 
Magazine,  iii,  720-726  (1907). 

Popular  discussion  of  regulation,  which  is  stated  to  be  the  solution  of  the 
municipal  ownership  problem. 

Forrest,  J.  D.   A  new  plan  for  the  control  of  quasi-public  works. 
American  Journal  of  Sociology,  iii,  837-847  (1898). 

Discussion  of  the  plan  of  A.  F.  Potts  for  a  gas  trust  managed  in  the 
interest  of  the  public.  Reviews  the  history  of  its  application  in 
Indianapolis. 


:         (I 


12  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Galloway,  J.  D.    Is  utility  regulation  on  the  right  basis? 
Engineering  Record,  Ixxiv,  561-563  (1916). 
Favors  competition  instead  of  regulated  monopoly. 

Gandolfo,  J.  H.    The  valuation  of  public  utility  property. 
Trans.,  American  Society  of  Civil  Engineers,  bodx,  842-878 

(1915)- 

Discussion:  pp.  879-918.    Considers  the  historical  development  of  the 

utility  business  and  of  the  right  to  regulate. 

Graham,  D.  A.   The  application  of  theories  of  public  regulation 
to  the  management  of  utilities.    Journal  of  the  American 
Waterworks  Association,  ii,  324-343  (1915)- 
Good;  elementary. 

Gray,  J.  H.     Public  service  commissions.     Proc,  American 
Political  Science  Association,  iv,  324-335  (1907)- 
A  discussion  of  papers  by  W.  H.  Hatton  and  T.  M.  Osborne. 

Harrison,  C.  H.    The  regulation  of  public  utilities.    Annals  of 
the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  Ivii, 

54-61  (191 5). 

Elementary  discussion,  including  the  need  for  regulation,  the  advantages 
of  local  regulation  and  of  municipal  ownership. 

Hatton,  W.  H.    Public  service  commissions.    Proc,  American 
Political  Science  Association,  iv,  305-315  (1907)- 
Discussion:    pp.  324-335-     A  good,  brief  statement  of  some  of  the 
fundamental  principles  of  public  utility  regulation. 

Publications,  American   Economic  Assodarion,   3d 

series,  ix,  263-278  (1908). 
Discussion:  pp.  279-309. 

Jackson,  D.  C.    Equitable  rate  making  by  public  service  com- 
panies.   Technology  Quarterly,  xxi,  338-359  (1908)- 
A  good  discussion  of  general  principles  underiying  regulation  for  rate 
making  purposes. 

Stone  and  Webster  Public  Service  Journal,  v,  104-126 

(1909). 
Reprint. 
Equitable  rates  for  public  service.  Public  Service,  vii,  145- 


GENERAL  WORKS 


13 


149,  189-192  (1909)- 
Reprint. 


Johnson,  E.  R.  Public  regulation  of  street  railway  transporta- 
tion. Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 
Science,  xxix,  275-291  (1907). 

Gives  a  brief  r6sum6  of  the  regulation  in  various  countries,  states  and 
cities.  The  discussion  includes  general  conclusions  for  the  United 
States. 

Kealy,  p.  J.  Municipal  cooperation  in  public  utility  manage- 
ment. Trans.,  American  Institute  of  Electrical  Engineers, 
xxxiv,  2533-2544  (1915). 

Discussion:  pp.  2545-2548.  A  general  historical  accoimt  of  the  various 
methods  used  in  dealing  with  public  utilities  and  of  public  attitude. 

Kerr,   W.   D.      Future  regulation  of  public  utilities.      (In 
Y.  M.  C.  A.,  New  York,  West  Side  Branch.    Public  utiUty 
economics.    New  York,  1914.)     141-161. 
An  elementary  discussion  of  regulation  problems  and  methods. 

KiERSTED,  Wynkoop.  Influence  of  state  regulation  upon 
economy  and  efl&ciency  in  the  operation  of  waterworks  prop- 
erties.   Engineering  and  Contracting,  xli,  239-241  (1914). 

King,  C.  L.  The  need  for  public  utility  commissions.  (In  The 
regulation  of  municipal  utilities.  New  York,  191 2.)  185- 
207. 

A  good  elementary  discussion  of  the  various  possible  methods  of  public 
utility  regulation,  the  conclusion  being  in  favor  of  conmiissions. 

The  need  for  regulation.    (In  The  regulation  of  municipal 

utilities.    New  York,  191 2.)    3-22. 
Good;  elementary. 

Public  regulation  of  gas  lighting.    (In  McLaughlin,  A.  C, 

and  Hart,  A.  B.    Cyclopedia  of  American  government.  New 
York,  1914.)   ii,  71. 

Knowles,  Morris.   State  regulation  of  public  utilities.   Journal 

of  the  New  England  Waterworks  Association,  xxvi,  272-283 

(1912). 

Discussion:  pp.  283-286.  A  good  elementary  discussion  of  the  general 
principles  of  regulation. 

Lewis,  C.  T.    How  should  public  service  corporations  be  con- 
trolled ?    Municipal  Affairs,  vi,  738-748  (1903). 
General  and  elementary. 


H 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


Maltbie,  M.  R.  Public  service  corporations.  (In  McLaughlin, 
A.  C,  and  Hart,  A.  B.  Cyclopedia  of  American  government. 
New  York,  1914.)   iii,  i  lo-i  12. 

Martin,  T.  C.  Electric  lighting.  (In  McLaughlin,  A.  C,  and 
Hart,  A.  B.  Cyclopedia  of  American  government.  New 
York,  1914.)   ii,  354-355- 

Mathewson,  C.  F.  Some  legal  aspects  of  regulation  of  public 
service  corporations.  (In  Y.  M.  C.  A.,  New  York,  West  Side 
Branch.    Public  utility  economics.    New  York,  1914.)    163- 

195- 

A  good  but  very  popular  discussion  of  legal  problems  of  regulation,  in- 
cluding the  right  to  regulate  and  valuation. 

Meyer,  B.  H.     Central  utilities  commissions  and  home  rule. 
American  Political  Science  Review,  v,  374-393  (191 1). 
Includes  a  good  popular  discussion  of  the  general  principles  of  regulation. 

Miller,  A.  S.    Public  service  commissions.    Proc.,  American 

Gas  Institute,  vii,  713-720  (191 2). 

Discussion:  pp.  720-730.  Elementary;  on  the  relations  of  public  utili- 
ties and  the  pubUc,  and  regulation  in  general. 

Montgomery,   H.    E.     Government   ownership   unnecessary. 

Moody's  Magazine,  iv,  143-145  (1907). 

Outlines  of  a  suggested  plan  for  regulating  all  public  service  corpora- 
tions through  state  corporation  departments  and  a  graduated  tax  on 
net  profits. 

Mortimer,  J.  D.  Is  regulation  by  conmiission  a  permanent 
part  of  our  economic  scheme  ?  Electric  Railway  Journal, 
xliii,  21-22  (1914). 

Nash,  L.  R.    Commission  regulation  of  business  with  particular 
reference  to  public  utilities.    Stone  and  Webster  Public  Ser- 
vice Journal,  xvi,  11-26  (191 5). 
A  rather  general  and  elementary  discussion  of  regulation. 

Norman,  O.  E.    Factors  involved  in  establishing  service,  charge 
and  rate  of  return  of  public  utilities.    American  Gas  Light 
Joximal,  cii,  263,  267-269  (1915). 
Abstract.    Very  general;  elementary. 


! 


I  : 


GENERAL  WORKS 


IS 


Parsons,  Frank.  The  legal  aspects  of  monopoly.  (In  Bemis, 
E.  W.  Municipal  monopolies.  4th  edition.  New  York, 
1904.)   425-501- 

A  good,  annotated  discussion  of  the  right  of  cities  to  engage  in  business, 
to  compete  with  private  plants,  to  take  property  by  condemnation,  to 
prevent  the  use  of  injurious  business  methods,  and  to  regulate  rates 
and  service. 

Pollock,  H.  M.,  and  Morgan,  W.  S.    The  control  of  municipal 

public  service  corporations.    (In  Modern  cities.    New  York, 

1913.)    225-249. 

A  popular  discussion  of  corruption  due  to  public  utilities  and  of  the 
various  methods  of  regulation. 

RoEMER,  J.  H.    Commission  control  of  public  utilities.    Electri- 
cal World,  bdi,  531-533  (1913)- 
A  good  elementary  article  on  regulation  in  general. 

Regulation  of  public  utilities.    Public  Service,  vii,  149-152 

(1909). 

Public  Service  Regulation,  i,  511-516  (1912). 

A  good  elementary  account  of  commission  regulation. 

ROWE,  L.  S.    The  relation  of  the  city  to  public  utilities.     (In 
Problems  of  dty  government.    New  York,  1908.)     208-240. 
A  good  elementary  discussion,  including  an  historical  comparison  of 
municipal  and  private  plants,  and  tables  of  statistics. 

RoYCE,  F.  P.  The  business  of  local  public  service  companies  and 
their  relations  to  the  public.  Stone  and  Webster  Public  Ser- 
vice Journal,  vii,  16-29  (1910). 

A  good  elementary  article  on  regulation  in  general  and  its  historical 
development. 

• Public  Service,  ix,  43-44  (1910). 

Reprint. 

Commission  control  of  public  service  corporations.   Journal 

of  Electricity,  Power  and  Gas,  xxv,  54-57  (1910). 

For  a  longer  abstract  of  the  same  paper,  see  his  "  The  business  of  local 
pubhc  service  companies  and  their  relations  to  the  public." 

Present  day  regulation.    Stone  and  Webster  Public  Service 

Journal,  xii,  236-243  (1913). 

A  brief  and  elementary  article  on  regulation  in  general  and  its  historical 
development. 


i6 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


Sharfman,  I.  L.  The  problem  of  regulation.  {In  Railway  regu- 
lation.   Chicago,  191 5.)    10-28. 

An  elementary  account  of  the  basis  —  legal,  economic  and  historical  — 
of  utility  regulation. 

SiNSHEiMER,  P.  A.  Ten  rules  for  service:  principles  applied  by 
the  railroad  conmiission  of  California  to  the  regulation  of 
public  utility  service.  Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of 
Political  and  Social  Science,  liii,  292-306  (1914). 
A  good  elementary  summary  of  the  principles  underiying  satbfactory 
regulation. 

Speirs,  F.  W.  Regulation  of  cost  and  quality  of  service  as  illus- 
trated by  street  railway  companies.  Annals  of  the  American 
Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  1900:  supplement, 
63-76. 

Brief  and  very  general  discussion  of  traction  franchises  and  their  pro- 
visions, and  of  commission  control. 

Taussig,  F.  W.  Public  ownership  and  public  control.  {In 
Principles  of  Economics.    New  York,  1913.)    397-418. 

Elementary;  very  good. 

Wagner,  H.  A.  Public  service  and  the  consiuner.  Electrical 
World,  Ixviii,  7-9  (1916). 

Whitfield,  J.  B.  Public  utility  corporations  in  general.  Ameri- 
can Law  Review,  xli,  870-891  (1907). 

A  very  good,  non-technical  summary  of  the  rights,  duties  and  privileges 
of  public  utility  corporations. 

Rights  and  duties  of  public  service  corporations.   Yale  Law 

Journal,  xxii,  39-47  (1912). 

Wilcox,  D.  F.  Fundamental  planks  in  a  public  utility  program. 
Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 
Science,  Ivii,  8-19  (191 5). 

Excellent  general  discussion.  Maintains  that  the  public  should  guaran- 
tee the  investment;  that  public  utilities  should  not  be  sources  of 
municipal  profit;  and  that  preparation  should  be  made  for  ultimate 
ownership. 

American  City,  xi,  480-485  (1914). 

Abstract. 


I 


1^ 


GENERAL  WORKS 


17 


Wilcox,  D.  F.  Problems  of  transit  in  cities.  {In  McLaughlin, 
A,  C,  and  Hart,  A.  B.  Cyclopedia  of  American  govern- 
ment.   New  York,  1914.)   iii,  549-552. 

Willis,  H.  E.  The  proper  relation  between  public  callings  and 
the  state:  governmental  regulation  and  how  it  can  be  ac- 
complished. Proc,  Minnesota  Academy  of  Social  Science, 
V,  165-179(1911). 

A  general  discussion  of  whether  laissez-faire,  enforced  competition  or 
governmental  regulation  is  desirable  for  "  trusts  "  and  public  service 
companies. 

Wyer,  S.  S.    Governmental  power  to  regulate.    {In  Regulation, 

valuation,  and  depreciation  of  public  utilities.     Columbus, 

1913.)   67-77. 

Composed  largely  of  classified  quotations  from  books,  articles  and 
cases. 

Rate  regulation  of  electric  power.     Cassier's  Magazine, 

XXXV,  402-415  (1909). 

A  digest  of  the  Columbus  railway  and  light  company  case.  Interesting 
as  a  general  discussion  of  valuation  and  rate  regulation. 

Wyman,  Bruce.  State  control  of  public  utilities.  Harvard  Law 
Review,  xxiv,  624-634  (191 1). 

"  In  large  part  the  preface  to  Wyman  on  public  service  corporations." 
An  excellent  article  on  the  history  of  regulation,  the  right  to  regulate 
and  the  duties  and  privileges  of  public  service  corporations. 

Bibliographies 

American  Society  of  Civil  Engineers.  Bibliography  on  valuation 
of  public  utilities.    New  York,  191 5.    133  pp. 

Part  I.  Reprinted  from  Trans.,  American  society  of  civil  engineers 
kxvi,  2133-2193  (1913).    Brought  up  to  July  16,  1913. 
II.  Prepared  for  the  American  electric  railway  association.    Sup- 
plementary and  brought  up  to  December  23,  191 5. 

BowKER,  R.  R.  State  publications:  a  provisional  list  of  the 
official  publications  of  the  several  states  of  the  United  States 
from  their  organization.    New  York,  1899-1908.    1031  pp. 

Brooklyn  Public  Library.  Books  on  municipal  ownership. 
Brooklyn,  1906.   27  pp. 


■    w. 


i8 


BIBLIOGRAPBY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTILITIES 


GENERAL  WORKS 


19 


l| 


m 


Bureau  of  Railway  Economics.    List  of  references  on  valuation 
of  railways.   Washington,  191 6.    130  pp. 

Railway  economics:  a  collective  catalogue  of  books  in  four- 
teen American  libraries.    Chicago,  191 2.    446  pp. 
An  excellent  classified  catalogue  of  works  pertaining  to  railroads. 

CoNAT,  M.  L.    A  list  of  periodical  publications  relating  to  mu- 
nicipal affairs.    Special  Libraries,  vi,  129-139  (1915). 

Detroit  Public  Library.    Municipal  affairs:  books  and  articles  in 
the  Detroit  public  library.    Detroit,  1902.    44  pp. 

DoHERTY,  H.  L.    Rates.    Proc,  National  Conmiercial  Gas  Asso- 
ciation, I 910:   297-318. 
Bibliography  of  gas  and  electric  rates :  pp.  308-3 1 8. 

Engineering  Index,  New  York,  vol.  i,  1 884-1 89 i-vol.  iv,  1901- 
1905;  continued  as  the  Engineering  Index  Annual. 

Engineering  Index  Annual,  New  York,  vol.  i,  1906;  annual. 
Compiled  from  the  Engineering  Index  published  monthly  in  the  Engi- 
neering Magazine. 
A  descriptive  list  of  current  engineering  literature,  classified  by  subjects. 

Foster,  H.  A.    Engineering  valuation  of  public  utilities  and  fac- 
tories.  New  York,  191 2.   345  PP- 
Bibliography:  pp.  330-332. 

Gates,  A.  J.    Catalogue  of  technical  periodicals:  libraries  in  the 
city  of  New  York  and  vicinity.    New  York,  191 5.    no  pp. 
"Library  of  the  Engineering  societies,  Bibliographical  contributions 


no.  I 


>> 


Hasse,  a.  R.    Index  of  economic  material  in  documents  of  the 
states  of  the  United  States:  prepared  for  the  Department  of 
economics  and  sociology  of  the  Carnegie  institution  of  Wash- 
ington.  Washington,  1907-. 
A  voliune  is  being  issued  for  each  state.   Twelve  volumes  are  now  ready. 

Industrial  Arts  Index,  New  York,  1913-;  monthly,  with  annual 

cimiulations. 

A  subject  index  to  a  selected  list  of  engineering  and  trade  periodicals. 

Metcalf,  Leonard.   Waterworks  valuation  and  fair  rates  in  the 

light  of  the  Maine  supreme  court  decisions  in  the  Waterville 

and  Bnmswick  cases.     Trans.,  American  Society  of  Civil 

Engineers,  Ixiv,  1-74  (1909). 

Bibliography  of  waterworks  valuation:  pp.  69-73. 


Mimicipal  Engineering.     Arguments  on  municipal  ownership. 
Municipal  Engineering,  xxxiv,  163-165  (1908). 
Bibliography  of  articles  appearing  in  Municipal  Engineering. 

Municipal  Index,  New  York,  1913-;  annual. 

Reprinted  from  second  issues  each  month  of  Municipal  Journal;  cumu- 
lative. 

MuNRO,  W.  B.  A  bibliography  of  municipal  government  in  the 
United  States.    Cambridge,  191 5.    472  pp. 

Publications  of  the  Bureau  for  research  in  municipal  government,  no.  2. 
Public  utilities:  pp.  163-227. 

National  Association  of  Railway  Commissioners.  Select  list  of 
references  on  the  valuation  of  public  service  corporations: 
compiled  by  Mary  M.  Rosemond.     Washington  ?     191 2  ? 

25  pp. 

National  Municipal  Review,  Philadelphia,  vol.  i,  191 2-;  monthly. 
Includes  a  section  on  bibliography  in  each  issue. 

New  York  Public  Library.    Municipal  reference  library  notes. 
New  York,  vol.  i,  1914-;  weekly. 
Includes  references  to  public  utilities. 

Public  Affairs  Information  Service.   Bulletin.    New  York,  1915-; 

annual. 

An  excellent  classified  index  to  books,  periodical  literature  and  official 
documents. 

Readers'  Guide  to  Periodical  Literature,     New  York,  1900-; 
monthly,  with  quarterly,  annual  and  five  year  cumulations. 
Author  and  subject  index  to  a  selected  list  of  periodicals. 

Readers'  Guide  to  Periodical  Literature  Supplement,  New  York, 

1907-;   issued  five  times  a  year,  with  annual  and  five  year 

cumulations. 

Author  and  subject  index  to  a  selected  list  of  periodicak  not  included 
in  the  Readers'  Guide. 

Reynoo-ds,  J.  B.  Civic  bibliography  for  greater  New  York.  New 
York,  191 1.     296  pp. 

Special  Libraries,  Indianapolis,  vol.  i,  1910-;  monthly. 

Includes  frequent  lists  of  references  on  public  utilities.  See  vol.  i,  2-4, 
22-23,  36-38,  69-71  (1910);  ii,  23-28,  61-63, 118-121  (1911);  iii,  20- 
22,  133-138,  184-186  (191 2);  iv,  39-42,  184-188  (1913);  v,  32-35 
(1914);  vi,  16-18,  84-86  (1915);  vii,  21-28  (1916). 


20 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


Stone  and  Webster  Library.  Current  literature  references:  on 
public  utilities,  etc. :  construction,  operation,  finance.  Boston, 
1907, 1908. 

U.  S.  Library  of  Congress.  List  of  bibliographies  on  the  regula- 
tion of  public  utilities.   Washington,  1916.    4  pp.  typewritten. 

A  list  of  books  with  references  to  periodicals  relating  to 

railroads  in  their  relation  to  the  government  and  the  public: 

compiled  under  the  direction  of  A.  P.  C.  Griffin.   Washington, 

1904.    2d  edition,  1907.    131  pp. 

Second  edition  includes  a  select  list  of  recent  works  relating  to  govern- 
ment regulation  and  government  ownership  of  railroads. 

List  of  recent  references  on  public  service  rates:    with 

special  reference  to  regulation  (cabs,  electricity,  gas,  street 
railways,  telephone,  water).  Washington,  191 5.  Typewritten. 

Printed  also  in  Special  Libraries,  vii,  21-28  (1916). 

List  of  references  on  municipal  ownership  of  gas  and  elec- 
tric lighting  plants.    Washington,  191 5.    8  pp.  typewritten. 

Monthly  list  of  state  publications.    Washington,  1910-. 

Select  list  of  books  on  miuiicipal  affairs:    with  special 

reference  to  mimicipal  ownership,  with  appendix:  select  list 
of  state  docimients;  compiled  under  the  direction  of  A.  P.  C. 
Griffin.   Washington,  1906.   34  pp. 

Select  list  of  books  on  railroads  in  foreign  countries:  gov- 
ernment regulation.  Compiled  imder  the  direction  of  A.  P.  C. 
Griffin.    Washington,  1905.    72  pp. 

Select  list  of  references  on  municipal  franchises  (supple- 
menting printed  Hst  on  municipal  affairs,  1906).  Washington, 
191 2.   Typewritten. 

Select  list  of  references  on  mimicipal  ownership  and  opera- 
tion of  street  railways  (supplementing  the  printed  list  on 
municipal  affairs,  1906).  Washington,  191 2.  7  pp.  type- 
written. 

Select  list  of  references  on  public  service  commissions. 


Washington?    Typewritten. 


GENERAL  WORKS 


21 


U.  S.  Library  of  Congress.     Select  list  of  references  on  public 
service  rates  in  the  United  States  and  foreign  coimtries  (cabs, 
electricity,  gas,  street  railways,  telephones,  water).    Washing- 
ton, 191 1.     7  pp.  typewritten. 
Printed  also  in  Special  Libraries,  ii,  1 18-1 21  (191 1). 

Select  list  of  references  on  the  valuation  and  capitalization 

of  railroads:  compiled  under  the  direction  of  H.  H.  B.  Meyer. 
Washington,  1909.    28  pp. 

Select  list  of  references  on  the  valuation  and  capitalization 

of  railroads  (supplementary  to  the  printed  list).   Washington, 
1910.    17  pp.  typewritten. 

Whitten,  R.  H.  Bibliography  of  valuation  and  depreciation. 
(In  Valuation  of  public  service  corporations.  New  York, 
1912.)    721-745- 


HISTORY  OF  UTIUTIES  AND  OP  REGULATION 


23 


«^ 


I 


II    HISTORY  OF  UTILITIES  AND  OF 

REGULATION 

United  States  and  Foreign 

Adams,  A.  D.    Gas  versus  electricity.    Electrical  Worid  and 
Engineer,  xxxviii,  676-678  (1901). 

Discussion  of  the  relative  amounts  of  business  done  by  gas  and  electric 
^^il    Massachusetts  used  for  Ulustration;  includes  tables  and 

a  chart. 
Agar    J.  G.     Shall  American  cities  municipalize  ?    Value  of 
foreign  experience  as  a  guide.    Municipal  Affairs,  iv,  13-23 

(1900). 

A  popular  description  of  municipal  ownership  in  England  and  Germa^. 

^d  a  comparison  with  American  conditions.     Opposes  mumapal 

ownership  in  America  for  the  present. 
Baker  N.  D.    Municipal  ownership.    Annals  of  the  Americaji 
Academy  of  PoUtical  and  Social  Science,  Ivii,  188-193  (iQiS)- 
States  that  municipal  ownership  in  Europe  was  ""^ertaken  primarily  to 

leLn  taxation;  in  the  United  States  because  of  abuses  by  the  com- 

ponies. 

Bassett,  E.  M.   Rapid  transporUtion  in  the  world's  great  cities. 
Public  Service,  x,  175-178  (i9")- 

Beale,  T.  H.,  and  Wyman,  Bruce.    Railroad  rate  regulation: 
with  special  reference  to  the  powers  of  the  Interstate  com- 
merce commission  under  the  acts  to  regulate  commerce. 
New  York,  1906.    2d  edition,  1915.    12 10  pp. 
Ch.    i.  Historical  introduction. 

An  eiS: STnS::!  review  of  pubUc  utiUty  regulation  from 
the  earliest  times. 

Bemis,  E.  W.    Gas.     {In  Municipal  monopoUes.    4th  edition. 

New  York,  1904.)    587-628. 

An  historical  sketch  of  private  and  municipal  ownership  m  vanous 
cities  of  the  United  States  and  Great  Bntam. 


Bemis,  E.  W.     Street  railways.     (In  Municipal  monopolies. 
4th  edition.    New  York,  1904.)    505-583. 

An  extensive  historical  study.  Treats  of  the  history  of  private  traction 
companies  in  the  United  States  (pp.  505-565),  and  of  municipal  lines 
in  America  (pp.  565-569)  and  in  Great  Britain  (pp.  569-583).  Ar- 
ranged by  cities. 

Bercovitz,  D.    Continental  systems  of  charging  for  current  by 

contract.    Electrician,  Ixix,  730-732  (191 2). 
Abstract .    A  brief  but  interesting  analysis. 

Blood,  W.  H.,  Jr.     Improvements  in  central  station  service. 
Public  Service,  x,  173-174  (191 1). 
The  gain  in  twenty  years'  development  of  the  electrical  industry. 

BowKER,  R.  R.    Public  control,  ownership  or  operation  of  mu- 
nicipal franchises  ?    With  especial  reference  to  electric  light- 
ing.   Municipal  Affairs,  i,  605-630  (1897). 
Opposes  municipal  ownership  because  of  corruption  and    socialism. 

Includes  a  discussion  of  the  results  of  municipal  ownership  in  various 

cities,  United  States  and  foreign. 

Clark,  W.  J.    Public  utilities  here  and  abroad.    Aera,  iii,  451- 

464  (1914). 

A  general  survey  of  utility  development,  with  tables  of  statistics. 

Commons,  J.  R.  Labor  and  mimicipal  politics.  (In  Labor  and 
administration.   New  York,  1913.)    158-194. 

A  reprint  of  his  "  Labor  and  politics." 

Labor  and  politics.  (In  National  Civic  Federation.  Mu- 
nicipal and  private  operation  of  public  utilities.  New  York, 
1907.)    Pt.  I,  vol.  i,  88-112. 

On  the  eflfect  of  municipal  ownership  on  labor  conditions  and  politics 

in  Great  Britain  and  the  United  States. 
See  also  J.  W.  SuUivan,  "  The  labor  report." 

Curtis,  C.  E.    Street  railways  and  their  relation  to  the  public. 

Yale  Review,  vi,  17-36  (1897). 

A  very  good,  early  review  of  comparative  franchise  and  municipal 
ownership  history  in  the  United  States,  Canada  and  Great  Britain. 

Fairlie,  J.  A.    Essays  in  municipal  administration.    New  York, 

1908.    374  pp. 

Ch.  viii.  Recent  legislation  on  municipal  functions  in  the  United  States, 
xi.   Municipal  electric  lighting  in  Detroit. 


•a 


24  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Ch.  xii.   The  street  railway  question  in  Chicago. 

xiii.   Some  considerations  on  municipal  ownership  of  public  utilities. 
XV.   Municipal  activities  in  Great  Britain, 
xvi.   Municipal  conditions  in  some  European  cities, 
xvii.   Municipal  government  in  Vienna, 
xviii.   Municipal  government  in  Italy. 
Includes  historical  discussion  of  the  utilities  in  various  cities  of  Europe 
and  America. 

Fairlie,  J.  A.  Municipal  improvements.  (In  Municipal  ad- 
ministration.   New  York,  1901.)    225-313. 

Waterworks,    public    lighting    and    urban    transportation,    270-300. 

Municipal  ownership,  310-313. 
A  very  general  and  elementary  historical  treatment. 

Francisco,  M.  J.  Municipal  ownership  vs.  private  corporations: 
with  legal  and  editorial  opinions,  tables  and  cost  of  lights  as 
furnished  by  private  companies  and  municipal  plants,  with 
list  of  municipal  plants  that  have  been  sold  or  abandoned. 
Containing  also  a  comparison  of  English  and  American  gas 
and  railway  plants.    Rutland,  1898.    150  pp. 

GooDNOW,  F.  J.  Powers  of  municipalities  respecting  public 
works.  Publications,  American  Economic  Association,  ii, 
563-581  (1888). 

In  The  relation  of  modem  municipalities  to  quasi-public  works.  On 
the  methods  of  control  of  public  utilities  in  use  in  the  United  States 
and  foreign  countries. 

Gordon,  F.  G.  R.  Street  railways  of  Boston  vs.  the  tramways 
of  Glasgow.    Concerning  Municipal  Ownership,  viii,  201-204 

(1915)- 

The  writer  opposes  municipalization. 

Hatch,  J.  N.    The  development  of  the  electric  railway.   Journal 
of  the  Western  Society  of  Engineers,  xiii,  488-504  (1908). 
Discussion:  pp.  504-513.    An  illustrated  historical  sketch. 

Howe,  F.  C.  Municipal  ownership  in  Europe.  {In  The  modern 
city  and  its  problems.    New  York,  191 5.)    176-193. 

Mimicipal  ownership:  the  testimony  of  foreign  experience. 

Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 
Science,  Ivii,  194-208  (191 5). 

Discusses  municipal  ownership  in  Great  Britain  and  Germany  especially. 
Favors  municipal  ownership  here. 


f 


HISTORY  OF  UTIUTIES  AND  OF  REGULATION 


25 


Howe,  F.  C.  Municipal  ownership:  the  testimony  of  foreign 
experience.  {In  National  Civic  Federation.  Shall  the  govern- 
ment own  and  operate  the  railroads,  etc.  Affirmative  side. 
New  York,  1915.)    31-48. 

HuGGiNS,  W.  L.     State  regulation  of  public  utilities.    Public 

Service,  xiv,  175-176  (1913). 

States  that  commission  regulation  is  "  only  a  return  to  common  law 
methods." 

James,  E.  J.    The  relation  of  the  modem  municipality  to  the  gas 

supply.     Publications,  American  Economic  Association,  i, 

54-122  (1886). 

A  thorough,  but  early  study  of  the  gas  industry  in  various  countries,  and 
its  municipalization. 

Johnson,  E.  R.  Public  regulation  of  street  railway  transporta- 
tion. Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and 
Social  Science,  xxix,  275-291  (1907). 

Gives  a  brief  r6sum6  of  the  regulation  in  various  countries,  states  and 
cities.  The  discussion  includes  general  conclusions  for  the  United 
States. 

Maltbie,  M.  R.  Mimicipal  fimctions:  a  study  of  the  develop- 
ment, scope  and  tendency  of  municipal  socialism.  Mimicipal 
Affairs,  ii,  581-799  (1898). 

Industrial  functions:  pp.  710-758. 

Causes  of  increased  municipal  activity:  pp.  759-777. 

Future  city  functions:  pp.  778-787. 

A  good  popular  study. 

Report  on  the  indeterminate  franchise  for  public  utilities. 

New  York,  1908.    34  pp. 

Report  submitted  to  the  New  York  public  service  commission  for  the 
first  district. 

An  excellent  summary  of  the  arguments  for  and  against  perpetual,  term 
and  indeterminate  franchises.  Includes  a  discussion  of  the  experience 
with  the  indeterminate  permit  of  Massachusetts,  Wisconsin,  Chicago, 
Washington,  D.  C,  Porto  Rico,  Philippines  and  New  York  City. 

Martin,  John.  Business  thrift  in  American  and  European  cities, 
especially  with  respect  to  franchises.  Proc,  National  Con- 
ference for  Good  City  Government,  1905 :   154-169. 

A  popular  discussion  of  municipal  ownership  experience  in  various 
places,  the  writer  favoring  municipalization. 


26 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTILITIES 


Osborne,  R.  S.    PubKc  service:  its  legal  history.    PubUc  Ser- 
vice,  XV,  123-124(1913). 

States  that  regulation  of  utilities  was  part  of  old  common  law. 

Porter,  R.  P.    European  and  American  methods  and  results 
compared.    Municipal  Affairs,  vi,  539-578  (1902). 

^^^ctL^^^f^"^  discussion  and  comparison  of  municipal  ownership 
m  Grea  Bntam  and  private  ownership  in  the  United  States-  with 
tables  of  data.    The  writer  strongly  advocates  private  owneiSip. 

Municipal  trading.    Engineering,  bmv,  390-394  (1902). 

^^^l^^riy.'^''^?  rf'^^'^J^'''''^''  ^^^  comparison  of  municipal 
ownership  m  the  United  States  and  Great  Britain. 

Municipal  trading:  European  and  American  methods  and 
results  compared  -  the  views  of  an  advocate  of  private 
ownership  of  all  pubHc  utilities.  Municipal  Journal  and 
Engineer,  xiv,  222-224,  269-273;  xv,  4-^8  (1903). 

RoBBiNs,   Hayes.     Public  ownership  versus  public  control 
American  Journal  of  Sociology,  x,  787-813  (1905). 

^  n^'cf  ^""^  comparison  of  the  results  m  Great  Britain  and  the 
Umted  States.    The  street  raUway  systems  of  Glasgow  and  Boston 

r^a^n       "'  '"^^  "  '^'^''    ^^^^"  ^"^^^^  ownerslSp  u^d^ 

Robinson,  Clifton.    Tramways  of  the  world.    Tramway  and 
Railway  World,  xxiv,  107-112  (1908). 
A  brief  review  of  tramway  history  and  existing  conditions. 

RowE,  L.  S.    The  relation  of  the  city  to  pubUc  utilities.    (In 
Problems  of  city  government.   New  York,  1908.)    208-240. 
A  good  elementary  discussion,  including  an  historical  comparison  of 
mumapal  and  private  plants  (pp.  218-231),  and  tables  of  statist^. 

Speague,F.J.    Growth  of  electric  railways.    Proc.,  American 
Electnc  Railway  Association,  1916:   273-317. 

Discussion:  pp.  317-326.    A  very  interesting  illustrated  account  of  the 
development  of  the  industry.  «^uiu  01  me 

Sullivan,  J.  W.    The  labor  report,    (/n  National  Civic  Federa- 
tion.   Mumcipal  and  private  operation  of  pubUc  utilities 
New  York,  1907.)    Pt.  I,  vol.  i,  60-87. 


HISTORY  OF  UTIUTIES  AND  OF  REGULATION         27 

On  the  effect  of  municipal  ownership  on  labor  conditions  and  poHtics  in 
Great  Britain  and  the  United  States.  See  his  "  Municipal  and  private 
operation  of  public  utilities:  relative  to  the  labor  report  of  the 
National  civic  federation  "  for  a  reply  to  criticism. 

See  also  J.  R.  Commons,  "  Labor  and  politics." 

Sullivan,  J.  W.  Municipal  and  private  operation  of  pubUc 
utilities:  relative  to  the  labor  report  of  the  National  civic 
federation  committee  on  pubUc  ownership  and  operation. 
New  York,  1908.    128  pp. 

A  reply  to  criticism  of  his  "  The  labor  report." 

U.  S.  Bureau  of  the  Census.    Street  and  electric  railways,  1902. 
Washington,  1905.    439  pp. 

Street  railways  and  European  countries:  pp.  149-156. 

Street  and  electric  railways,   1907.     Washington,   loio. 
575  pp. 
Foreign  tramways  and  electric  railways:  pp.  300-323. 

Whitten,  R.  H.    Supervision  of  street  railways  in  England  and 
Prussia.   Albany,  1909.    76  pp. 

^fn^Ti!'^/?"?.  ^''""^^  '^^"^^  ^^^  Y^^^  P"b^^  ^^^  commission 
lor  the  first  distnct,  1908. 

Williams,  Arthur.   Mumcipal  ownership  cosUy  and  dangerous. 
Moody's  Magazine,  ii,  643-649  (1906). 
In  Municipal  ownership  and  operation:  symposium. 
E^nence  in  various  places  shows  that  private  operation  is  cheaper 
and  there  is  less  pohtical  danger. 

Municipal  ownership  of  public  utilities.    (/»  Y  M  C  A 
New  York,  West  Side  Branch.     Public  utiHty  economics! 
New  York,  1914.)    31-44. 

A  very  popular  argument  against  municipal  ownership,  with  brief 
reference  to  the  alleged  unsuccessful  results  in  different  places. 

W^AN,  Bruce.   State  control  of  public  utilities.   Harvard  Law 
Review,  xdv,  624H534  (1911). 

"  to  large  part  the  preface  to  Wyman  on  PubUc  service  corporations  " 
An  excellent  article  on  the  history  of  regulation,  the  right^  "Xe 
and  the  duties  and  privileges  of  pubHc  service  c^rporaUons. 


». 
I 


28 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


HISTORY  OF  UTILITIES  AND  OF  REGULATION 


29 


III 


United  States  —  General 

Adams,  A.  D.     Cost  of  municipal  vs.  private  gas.    Municipal 

Journal  and  Engineer,  xv,  13-14  (1903). 

The  writer  asserts  that  municipal  plants  are  more  economically  managed 
than  private.  Includes  an  analytical  table  of  the  average  cost  of  gas 
in  the  private  and  municipal  plants  of  each  state. 

Gas  rates  in  the  United  States.    Municipal  Journal  and 

Engineer,  xiii,  63-65  (1902). 

Meter  rents  and  minimum  rates.     Electrical  World,  Iv, 

525-527  (1910). 

A  brief  account  of  the  law  in  various  places,  —  statutory,  and  court  and 
commission  decisions. 

Reasonable  rates.   Journal  of  Political  Economy,  xii,  79-97 

(1903)- 

A  very  excellent,  concise  review  of  all  the  United  States  supreme  court's 
decisions  on  rate  regulation,  with  brief  discussion. 

Adams,  H.  C.  Relation  of  municipal  government  to  public 
works  in  the  United  States.  Publications,  American  Eco- 
nomic Association,  ii,  507-532  (1888). 

In  The  relation  of  modem  municipalities  to  quasi-public  works.  Report 
of  an  investigation  of  municipal  ownership  of  gas;  includes  a  table 
of  prices  charged. 

American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science.  Control  of 
municipal  public  service  corporations.  Annals  of  the  Ameri- 
can Academy  of  Political  and  Soci&,l  Science,  xxxi,  no.  3 
(1908).    201  pp. 

Public  utilities  regulation  in  New  York.    Henry  Bniere. 
Development  of  transit  control  in  New  York  City.    H.  C.  Wright. 
The  control  of  public  service  corporations  in  Detroit.    D.  F.  Wilcox. 
The  Boston  consolidated  gas  company:    its  relation  to  the  public,  its 

employees  and  investors.    J.  L.  Richards. 
Philadelphia's  relation  to  the  rapid  transit  company.    E.  O.  Lewis. 
Franchise  grants  in  New  York  City.    J.  J.  Murphy. 
Recent  phases  of  Chicago's  transportation  problem.    W.  E.  Hotchkiss. 
Public  service  corporations  of  New  Orleans.    Solomon  Wolff. 
Chicago  new  charter  movement:   its  relation  to  municipal  ownership. 

M.  J.  Foreman. 
The  public  service  commissions  of  the  state  of  New  York.     H.  M. 

PoDock. 


Restrictive  legislation  against  the  public  service  corporations  in  New 

Jersey.    Frank  Bergen. 
The  finances  of  the  District  of  Columbia.    W.  F.  Dodd. 
The  relation  of  Chicago  to  the  public  service  corporations.  G.  C.  Sikes. 
The  result  of  further  legislative  regulation  of  electric  railways.    J.  B. 

MacAfee. 

American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science.    The  relation 

of  the  American  municipalities  to  the  gas  and  electric  light 

supply:  a  symposium.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of 

Political  and  Social  Science,  xxvii,  200-233  (1906). 

City  of  New  York.   R.  G.  Monroe. 

Chicago.   H.  S.  Grosser. 

St.  Louis.    (Unsigned.) 

Boston.   E.  M.  Hartwell. 

Cleveland.   F.  E.  Stevens. 

Buffalo.    (Unsigned.) 

New  Orleans.   J.  J.  McLaughlin. 

Milwaukee.   J.A.Butler. 

District  of  Columbia.    (Unsigned.) 

Newark, N.J.    (Unsigned.) 

Providence.   S.A.Sherman. 

St.  Paul.    (Unsigned.) 

Grand  Rapids.   D.  F.  WUcox. 

Seattle.   J.A.Smith. 

Duluth.   W.  G.Joems. 

The  relation  of  the  municipality  to  the  water  supply:    a 

symposium.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political 

and  Social  Science,  xxx,  557-592  (1907). 

Chicago.   Frederic  Rex. 

Philadelphia.   H.R.Ringe. 

Baltimore.   H.J.Ford. 

Cleveland.   E.W.Bemis. 

Buffalo.   A.C.Richardson. 

San  Francisco.   Murray  Gross. 

Cincinnati.   M.B.May. 

New  Orleans.    J.  J.  McLaughlin. 

Detroit.   D.F.Wilcox. 

Washington.   D.E.  Garges. 

Providence.   F.  E.Lakey. 

Duluth.   W.J.Joems. 

American  Economic  Association,  Committee  on  PubUc  Finance. 
The  relation  of  modem  municipalities  to  quasi-public  works. 
Publications,  American  Economic  Association,  ii,  501-581 
(1888). 


30 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


Relation  of  municipal  government  to  public  works  in  the  United  States. 

H.  C.  Adams. 
Electric  lighting  in  the  city  of  Detroit.    Charles  Moore. 
Municipal  revenue  from  street  railways.    D.  R.  Dewey. 
Powers  of  municipalities  respecting  public  works.    F.  J.  Goodnow. 

Baker,  C.  W.    Monopolies  and  the  people.    New  York,  1889. 
3d  edition,  1899.    3^^  pp. 
Part  I.  Ch.  V.   "  Municipal  monopolies." 
II.  iv.   "  Municipal  monopolies." 

in.  ii.   "  What  shall  we  do  with  municipal  monopolies  ?  " 

Part  I,  Ch.  v  gives  a  brief  historical  sketch  of  public  utility  growth. 
Part  II,  Ch.  iv  sketches  the  increasing  tendency  towards  monopoly. 
Part  III,  Ch.  ii  discusses  briefly  the  need  for  public  utility  regulation 
and  the  right  to  regulate. 

Baker,  M.  N.  Municipal  ownership  and  operation  of  water- 
works. Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and 
Social  Science,  Ivii,  279-281  (1915). 

Waterworks.    {In  Bemis,  E.  W.     Municipal  monopolies. 

4th  edition.    New  York,  1904.)    3-52. 

A  thorough  comparative  and  critical  study  of  municipal  and  private 
operation  of  waterworks  in  the  United  States,  and  an  analysis  of  the 
arguments  for  and  against  municipalization.  The  writer  favors  mu- 
nicipal ownership.   Includes  many  tables  of  statistics. 

Barrow,  W.  M.     State  railroad  commissions  and  the  courts. 

Freight,  vi,  201-207  (1906). 

A  discussion  of  judicial  review,  with  a  list  of  the  powers  of  the  various 
commissions  and  syllabi  of  litigated  cases. 

Beard,  C.  A.  Franchises  and  public  utilities.  {In  American 
city  government.    New  York,  191 2.)    190-217. 

On  the  former  corrupt  practices  with  regard  to  utility  franchises,  and 
franchise  principles. 

Municipal  ownership.     {In  American  city  government. 

New  York,  1912.)    218-241. 

A  discussion  of  the  theoretical  arguments  for  and  against  municipali- 
zation, with  brief  discussion  of  the  results  in  the  United  States. 

Bemis,  E.  W.    The  latest  electric  Ught  reports.    {In  Municipal 
monopolies.    4th  edition.    New  York,  1904.)    183-285. 
A  thorough  statistical  comparison  of  municipal  and  private  operation, 

the  writer  favoring  municipal  ownership.    Includes  many  tables  of 

statistics  of  operation  and  of  rates. 


HISTORY  OF  UTILITIES  AND  OF  REGULATION 


31 


Bemis,  E.  W.  Municipal  operation  versus  private  operation  of 
municipal  monopolies:  United  States.  {In  National  Civic 
Federation.  Municipal  and  private  operation  of  public  util- 
ities.    New  York,  1907.)    Pt.  I,  vol.  i,  122-185. 

An  extended  analysis  of  the  results  of  municipal  operation.  The  writer 
believes  it  conclusively  demonstrated  that  the  municipal  plants  have 
done  far  better  for  taxpayer  and  consumer  than  have  the  private 
plants. 

Municipal  ownership  of  gas  in  the  U.  S.    Publications, 

American  Economic  Association,  vi,  295-471  (1891). 
Exhaustive  study  of  results,  with  many  tables  of  data. 

Bowman,  H.  M.   State  railroad  commissions.    {In  McLaughlin, 

A.  C,  and  Hart,  A.  B.    Cyclopedia  of  American  government. 

New  York,  1914.)    iii,  134-135. 

Includes  tables  —  by  states  —  of  the  date  of  organization  of  the  first 
commission,  and  of  jurisdiction. 

Bradford,  E.  S.    Municipal  electric  lighting.    Madison,  1906. 

22  pp. 

Wisconsin  free  library  commission,  Comparative  legislation   bulletin 

no.  5. 

Includes  statistics  of  municipal  electric  plants  in  various  places. 

Municipal  Journal  and  Engineer,  xxiii,  213-217  (1907). 

Review  of  statistics  and  conditions  in  the  United  States;  including  the 
relative  increase  in  municipal  and  private  plants;  with  references  and 
tables  of  statistics. 

Mimicipal  gas  lighting.    Madison,  1906.    18  pp. 

Wisconsin  free  library  commission,  Comparative   legislation   bulletin 

no.  8. 
Includes  statistics  of  municipal  gas  plants  in  various  cities. 

BuRDETT,  Frederick,  and  Forstall,  A.  E.  Engineering 
matters:  United  States  gas  works.  {In  National  Civic 
Federation.  Municipal  and  private  operation  of  public 
utilities.    New  York,  1907.)    Pt.  II,  vol.  i,  537-567. 

Cahoon,  J.  B.  Municipal  electric  lighting  opposed.  Municipal 
Affairs,  vi,  636-647  (1902). 

A  critical  analysis  of  the  results  of  municipal  operation  in  the  United 
States;  with  a  table  of  statistics. 


I 


32 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


Clark,  F.  C.  State  railroad  commissions  and  how  they  may  be 
made  effective.  Publications,  American  Economic  Associa- 
tion, vi,  473-582  (1891). 

History  of  state  railroad  commissions,  with  discussion.    Includes  tables 
of  the  organization,  powers  and  duties  of  the  commissions. 

Clark,  W.  J.  Municipal  ownership  in  Great  Britain  and  in  the 
United  States.  Proc,  American  Street  and  Interurban  Rail- 
way Association,  1907:   271-284. 

A  comparison  of  English  and  American  street  railways,  with  analysis  of 
results.    The  conclusions  are  strongly  in  favor  of  private  operation. 

Commons,  J.  R.,  and  Sullivan,  J.  W.  Labor  and  politics: 
United  States  gas  works.  {In  National  Civic  Federation. 
Municipal  and  private  operarion  of  public  utilities.  New 
York,  1907.)    Pt.  II,  vol.  i,  490-536. 

,  Labor  and  polidcs:  United  States  water,  gas  and 

electricity.  {In  National  Civic  Federation.  Municipal  and 
private  operation  of  public  utilities.  New  York,  1907.)  Pt. 
II,  vol.  i,  885-907. 

Municipal  electric  lighting.    Municipal  Affairs,  i,  631-673 

(1897). 

A  thorough  comparative  and  critical  study  of  municipal  and  private 
operation  in  the  United  States.  Includes  many  tables  of  statistics  of 
operation  and  of  rates.    The  writer  favors  municipal  ownership. 


(/«   Bemis,   E.   W.     Municipal   monopolies.     4th 

edition.    New  York,  1904.)    55-180. 
Reprint. 

Crowell,  H.  H.    Electric  lighting  rates  and  depreciation.    Mu- 
nicipal Journal  and  Engineer,  xxiii,  698  (1907). 
Gives  a  table  of  electric  rates  in  fifteen  cities. 

Curtis,  C.  E.    Taxation  of  street  railways  for  purposes  of  rev- 
enue and  control.    Yale  Review,  viii,  173-201  (1899). 
A  good,  technical  study.   Includes  tables  showing  the  practice  in  various 
cities  of  the  United  States  and  Canada. 

DiCKERMAN,  J.  C.    Comparison  of  electric  light  and  power  rates. 

Power,  xlii,  8-15  (1915). 

An  excellent  comparative  study  of  the  rates  in  many  American  cities, 
with  many  charts  and  tables;  technical. 


HISTORY  OF  UTILITIES  AND  OF  REGULATION         J  J 

DiCKERMAN,  J.  C.    The  cost  of  producing  illuminating  gas  in 

American  cities,  exclusive  of  returns  to   capital  invested. 

Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  i,  10-12  (1915). 
A  table  of  statistics  from  19  cities,  and  discussion. 

The  cost  of  supplying  illuminating  gas  in  the  smaller  Ameri- 
can cities,  exclusive  of  returns  to  capital  invested.    Utilities 

Magazine,  i,  no.  2,  19-23  (1915). 
A  table  of  statistics  from  74  cities,  and  discussion. 
Supplementary  to  his  "  Cost  of  producing  illuminating  gas  in  American 
cities,  exclusive  of  returns  to  capital  invested." 

Standards  for  gas  service:    established  by  public  service 

commissions.    Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  6,  16-21  (1916). 
Supplementary  to  U.  S.,  Bureau  of  standards,  "  Standards  for  gas  ser- 
vice "  (circular  no.  32,  3d  edition).    Codification  of  the  rules  of  all 
commissions. 

Dixon,  F.  H.    Recent  railroad  commission  legislation.    Political 
Science  Quarterly,  xx,  612-624  (1905). 

A  good  discussion  of  current  legislation  in  various  states.  Deals  only 
with  railroad  commissions,  but  is  of  some  interest  for  all  public 
utilities. 

DoHERTY,  H.  L.    State  regulation  of  lighting  enterprises.   Ameri- 
can Gas  Light  Journal,  Ixxxix,  92-98  (1908). 
A  general  historical  discussion  of  the  origins  and  development  of  the 
commission  movement. 

Downey,  E.  H.    Regulation  of  urban  utilities  in  Iowa.    Iowa 
City,  191 2.    174  pp. 

Iowa  applied  history  series,  i,  no.  3.    Public  service  commissions  in  the 

United  States,  pp.  58-100. 
An  excellent,  thoroughly  annotated  study  of  public  service  conmiission 

laws,  with  tables  showing  the  powers  and  organization  of  the  various 

commissions. 

Dunn,  S.  O.    The  state  railway  commissions.     Railroad  Age 
Gazette,  xlvi,  123-125  (1909). 

A  tabular  analysis  of  the  personnel  of  the  various  railroad  conunissions 
(previous  experience,  salary,  terms,  etc.),  with  discussion. 

DuRAND,  E.  D.    Street  railway  franchises,  public  regulation  and 
public  ownership  in  the  United  States  of  America.     Royal 
Conmiission  on  London  Traffic,  iv,  593-609  (1906). 
Comprehensive  discussion  and  tabulation  of  the  laws  of  various  states. 


34  BIBUOGRAPBY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTILITIES 

^T^lic^  ^^?"*  extensions  of  municipal  functions  in  the 
Umted  States.  Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political 
and  Social  Science,  xxv,  299-310  (1905). 

^  UnftTs?!,"'  recent  municipal  ownership  and  franchise  history  in  the 
United  States.  Includes  tables  of  the  geographical  distribution  of 
municipal  and  private  water  and  electric  plants  "'^'n''""""  "f 

—-Recent  legislation  on  municipal  functions  in  tiie  United 

states.    (/«  Essays  in  municipal  administration.    New  York 
1908.)    145-163.  ' 

Municipal  ownership:  pp.  152-158. 
Franchises  and  pubUc  control:  pp.'  ic8-i6i 
Revised  reprint. 

FERGtTSON  Maxwell.  State  regulation  of  railroads  m  the  south. 
Columbia  University  Studies  in  History,  Economics  and 
Pubhc  Law,  bcvii,  1-228  (1916). 

'"tttSafr^t^!r,"^'"'°^  "f  """'^  "f  '''^  """"-'o-  ta 
DT^nt  rn^™  ^'  T'^-  ^'^"'tely,  and  a  general  summary  of  the 
present  commission  situation. 

Floy,  Henry.  Examples  of  important  appraisals,  (/n  Valua- 
tion of  public  utility  properties.    New  York,  191 2.)    ^^x^.^(, 

coCnt?'""'^  "' '"'''''  ''  ^^^^^^  ^'  "^"^"^  ^PP^^^'  -ith  brid 

Public  service  commissions.    (In  Valuation  of  pubUc  utiUtv 
properties.    New  York,  1912.)    32-48. 
A  brief  sketch  of  commission  history  and  results. 
Foio),  F.  R.    The  holding  company:  its  advantages  and  disad- 
vantages.    Electric  RaHway  Journal,  xliii,  23-27  (1914) 
A  good  analysis,  with  tables  of  statistics. 

Passenger  rates  and  fares  in  dties  with  surface  street  rail- 
ways and  elevated  railroads  or  subways.  Proc,  American 
Electnc  Railway  Association,  1912:  277-294 

Memorandum  with  "  Report  of  the  committee  on  determinini.   the 
proper  basis  for  rates  and  fares  "  uciermimng   tUe 

A  valuable  study,  by  cities,  with  tables  of  statistics. 

Aera,i,  400-409  (191 2). 


Abstract. 


Abstract. 


Electric  Railway  Journal,  xl,  1108-1112  (1912). 


HISTORY  OF  UTILITIES  AND  OF  REGULATION        35 

Ford,  F.  R.    Valuation  of  intangible  street  railway  property. 

Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 

Science,  xxxvii,  119-141  (191 1). 

Includes  a  brief  review  of  the  treatment  of  intangibles  in  certam  traction 
valuations. 

Francisco,  M.  J.  The  business  of  municipalities  and  private 
corporations  compared:  data  that  proves  municipal  owner- 
ship waste  exceeds  corporate  profit.   Rutland,  1905  ?    136  pp. 

Many  plants  considered  alphabetically  by  cities;  only  a  sentence  or  two 
about  each. 

Municipalities  vs.  private  corporations:  political  and  busi- 
ness management.    Rutland,  1900.    172  pp. 
"  Tables  showing  cost  of  lights  furnished  by  private  companies  and 
municipal  plants,  a  list  of  municipal  plants  sold  or  abandoned,  ex- 
perience of  municipalities,  legal  and  editorial  opinions." 

Municipal  ownership:   its  fallacy,  with  legal  and  editorial 

opinions,  tables  and  cost  of  lights  as  furnished  by  private 
companies  and  municipal  plants.    Rutland,  1893.    104  pp. 
Arranged  by  cities,  with  only  a  few  sentences  about  each  city. 

GoNDEN,  H.  J.     Robbing  Peter.    PubKc  Service,  xvii,  37-38 
(1914). 
Abstract.     Discusses  coilcealment  in  municipal  plant  reports. 

Gray,  J.  H.  General  history  and  legislation:  United  States  gas 
works.  {In  National  Civic  Federation.  Municipal  and  pri- 
vate operation  of  public  utilities.  New  York,  1907.)  Pt.  11, 
vol.  i,  426-489. 

General  history  and  legislation:  United  States  waterworks. 

{In  National  Civic  Federation.  Municipal  and  private 
operation  of  public  utilities.  New  York,  1907.)  Pt.  II,  vol.  i, 
1-135. 

Public  service  commissions.     Proc.,  American  Political 

Science  Association,  iv,  324-335  (1907). 

A  discussion  of  papers  by  W.  H.  Hatton  and  T.  M.  Osborne. 

Briefly  considers  the  regulation  in  certain  states. 

Gruhl,  Edwin.  Policies  of  regulating  bodies.  Aera,  iii,  24-33, 
113-123  (1914). 

A  very  interesting  study,  considering  the  different  attitude  of  the  vari- 
ous commissions  on  several  regulation  problems. 


36 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTILITIES 


HISTORY  OF  UTILITIES  AND  OF  REGULATION 


37 


Gruhl,  Edwin.  Recent  tendencies  in  valuations  for  rate-making 
purposes.  Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and 
Social  Science,  liii,  219-237  (1914). 

An  excellent  review  of  court  and  commission  attitude,  with  many  quo- 
tations from  the  cases.    Summarizes  the  conclusions. 

GwiNN,  D.  R.  Water  rates  charged  in  375  cities.  Proc,  Ameri- 
can Waterworks  Association,  xxviii,  209-222  (1908). 

Discussion:  pp.  223-238.    Tabulated  results  of  a  questionnaire. 
Rates  of  private  plants:  pp.  216-218;  rates  of  municipal  plants:  pp. 
219-222. 

Hagenah,  W.  J.    The  development  of  the  true  function  of  the 
commission.    Electrical  World,  Ixvii,  16-17  (1916). 
Review  of  commission  regulation  in  191 5. 

Hard,  William,  and  Gray,  J.  H.    General  history  and  legisla- 
tion:   United  States  electricity  works.     {In  National  Civic 
Federation.     Municipal   and   private   operation   of   public 
utilities.    New  York,  1907.)    Pt.  II,  vol.  i,  665-748. 
Considers  Chicago,  Detroit  and  South  Norwalk  only. 

Haskins,  C.  W.,  and  Johnson,  J.  F.  The  recent  history  of  mu- 
nicipal ownership  in  the  United  States.    Municipal  Affairs, 

vi,  524-538  (1903)- 

The  writer  concludes  that  the  insuflficient  and  controversial  evidence 
makes  a  general  decision  impossible  at  present. 

Hatch,  A.  S.  Cost  of  electric  lighting  in  cities.  Municipal 
Engineering,  xxxi,  201-203  (1906). 

Abstract.    A  tabulation  of  the  rates  in  many  American  cities,  with  some 
discussion. 

Heilman,  R.  E.     Commission  control  of  refunding  utility  se- 
curities.   Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  4,  26-30  (1916). 
Contains  many  citations  of  court  and  conunission  decisions. 

The  development  by  commissions  of  the  principles  of 

public  utility  capitalization.    Journal  of  Political  Economy, 

xxiii,  888-909  (191 5). 

An  excellent  annotated  study,  with  a  brief  discussion  of  the  attitude  of 
the  various  commissions  on  important  capitalization  problems. 


Hedlman,  R.  E.    Development  by  commissions  of  the  principles 

of  public  utility  valuation.     Quarterly  Journal  of  Economics, 

xxviii,  269-291  (1914). 

An  exceUent  annotated  study,  with  a  brief  discussion  of  the  attitude  of 
the  various  commissions  on  certain  important  valuation  problems. 

Some  economic  aspects  of  waterworks  valuation.    Journal 


of  the  American  Waterworks  Association,  ii,  538-543  (191 5). 

A  brief  discussion  of  the  attitude  of  various  commissions  towards  going 
value. 

Heim,  J.  B.  Meter  rates.  Proc,  American  Waterworks  Associ- 
ation, xxiv,  251-267  (1904). 

Discussion:  pp.  277-289.  An  account  of  a  rate  controversy  in  Madison; 
includes  an  elaborate  table  of  waterworks  statistics  and  charges  in 
various  American  cities. 

Henderson,  C.  R.  Competitive  waterworks.  Proc,  American 
Waterworks  Association,  xxviii,  519-524  (1908). 

Discussion:  pp.  525-527-  A  brief  account  of  competition  by  municipal 
plants  in  various  cities,  with  discussion  of  the  cause  and  results. 

Hills,  A.  S.    The  origin,  growth  and  work  of  public  utility 
conamissions.    Public  Service,  xii,  58-61  (191 2). 
Popular. 

HoDGKiNS,  H.  C.  Franchises  of  public  utilities  as  they  were  and 
as  they  are.  Journal  of  the  American  Waterworks  Associ- 
ation, ii,  739-758  (1915). 

A  very  interesting  study,  giving  a  brief  review  of  franchise  history, 
tables  of  the  terms  of  franchises  in  each  state  and  of  the  kinds  of 
utilities  coming  under  the  jurisdiction  of  the  various  commissions, 
with  discussion. 

Howe,  F.  C.    The  city  and  the  public  service  corporation.    (In 

The  modern  city  and  its  problems.    New  York,  191 5.)    149- 

164. 

A  general  and  rather  indefinite  historical  sketch,  emphasizing  corruption 
in  the  past. 


—  Municipal  ownership  in  America.     (In  The  modem  city 
and  its  problems.   New  York,  191 5.)    165-175. 

A  popular  historical  treatment. 


H 


38 


BIBUOGRAPBY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


|! 


HuEBNER,  G.  G.    Five  years  of  railroad  regulation  by  the  states. 

Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 

Science,  xxxii,  138-156  (1908). 

An  excellent  tabulation  of  the  commission  laws,  1902-1907. 
Supplementary  to  U.  S.,  Interstate  commerce  commission,  "  Railways 
in  the  United  States  in  1902  "  (part  IV). 

Humphreys,  C.  J.  R.  The  development  of  the  public  utilities 
commissions  as  applied  in  the  gas  and  electric  business. 
American  Gas  Light  Journal,  xci,  223-233  (1909). 

An  historical  account  of  the  origin  of  the  commission  movement  and  an 
outline  of  the  earlier  commission  laws  in  various  states. 

Johnson,  E.  R.  American  railway  transportation.  New  York, 
1903.    2d  revised  edition,  1909.    434  pp. 

Ch.     XXV.   Regulation  of  railways  by  the  American  state  governments: 
the  state  commissions, 
xxvii.   The  courts  and  railway  regulation, 
xxviii.   Railway  taxation. 
Good  elementary  discussion,  with  references.    Of  some  interest  for  all 
public  utilities. 


—  Elements  of  transportation:  a  discussion  of  steam  railroad, 

electric  railway,  and  ocean  and  inland  water  transportation. 

New  York,  1909.    360  pp. 

Ch.  xix.  Origin  and  growth  of  electric  railways. 
XX.  Urban  electric  railways. 
xxi.  Interurban  and  rural  electric  railways. 
An  historical  and  descriptive  account;    illustrated  with  photographs 
and  maps. 

—  Railway  regulation  by  the  states;  the  state  commissions. 
{In  Elements  of  transportation.  New  York,  1909.)  132-139. 
An  elementary  historical  account. 

—  Regulation  of  railways  by  the  American  state  governments: 
the  state  commissions.  {In  American  railway  transportation. 
2d  revised  edition.    New  York,  1909.)    349-366. 

An  elementary  historical  accoimt  of  some  interest  for  all  public  utilities. 

— ,  and  Van  Metre,  T.  W. {In  Principles  of  railway 

transportation.    New  York,  1916.)    467-491. 

An  elementary  historical  account,  of  some  interest  for  all  public  utilities. 


HISTORY  OF  UTILITIES  AND  OF  REGULATION         39 

Johnson,  E.  R.  The  trend  of  governmental  regulation  of  rail- 
roads. Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and 
Social  Science,  xxxii,  120-124  (1908). 

Treats  of  railroads  only,  but  is  of  some  general  interest  as  a  brief  r6sum6 
of  early  legislative  and  commission  regulation  of  rates. 

Jones,  S.  P.  What  certain  cities  have  accomplished  without 
state  regulation.  Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Politi- 
cal and  Social  Science,  Ivii,  72-82  (191 5). 

Argument  for  local  regulation,  with  brief  accounts  of  the  experience  in 
various  cities. 

Kerr,  W.  D.  Qualifications  needed  for  public  utilities  com- 
missioners. Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political 
and  Social  Science,  liii,  19-35  (1914)- 

An  excellent  annotated  classification  of  the  requirements  of  the  com- 
mission laws  of  all  states,  with  discussion. 

King,  C.  L.    The  need  for  regulation.     {In  The  regulation  of 
municipal  utilities.    New  York,  191 2.)    3-22. 
A  good  elementary  account  of  the  history  and  need  for  regulation. 

Rules  regulating  water  service  adopted  by  state  public  ser- 
vice commissions.  Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  9,  19-23  (1916). 
Codification  of  the  rules  of  all  commissions. 

Klumpp,  J.  B.    Summary  of  commission  regulations  governing 
gas  supply.    American  Gas  Light  Journal,  ciii,  75  (1915). 
An  excellent  tabular  summary. 

Koiner,  C.  W.    Municipal  ownership  and  operation  of  electric 

utilities  on  the  Pacific  coast.     Proc,  American  Society  of 

Municipal  Improvements,  1914:  347-367. 

A  brief  discussion  of  the  plants  and  operating  results  in  various  western 
cities;  includes  tables. 

Lee,  E.  B.    The  public  utiHty  movement:  public  service  com- 
missions.   Moody's  Magazine,  xiii,  465-469  (191 2). 
Brief,  popular  historical  account. 

MacAfee,  J.  B.    Result  of  further  legislative  regulation  of  elec- 
tric railways.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political 
and  Social  Science,  xxxi,  161-166  (1908). 
An  argument  against  restrictive  legislation  as  curtailing  enterprise. 


tr 


40  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

McCuLLOCH,  Richard.    The  present  tendency  of  public  service 
regulation.    Proc,  American  Electric  Railway  Association, 
1913-  320-335. 
Includes  a  tabular  analysis  of  the  laws  by  states. 

Electric  Railway  Journal,  xlii,  858-860(1913). 

Abstract. 

Tendency  of  utility  regulation.    Public  Service,  xv,  159- 

161  (1913). 
Abstract. 

McGrath,  D.  J.  Long  rides  for  a  nickel.  Electric  Railway 
Jouraal,  xlviii,  222-225  (1916). 

Maps  of  the  single-fare  zones  in  twenty-five  typical  American  cities, 
with  brief  discussion. 

McLean,  S.  J.    State  regulation  of  railways  in  the  United  States. 
Economic  Journal,  x,  349-369  (1900). 
A  thoroughly  annotated  historical  study. 

Maltbie,  M.  R.  Public  service  commissions.  {In  McLaughlin, 
A.  C,  and  Hart,  A.  B.  Cyclopedia  of  American  government. 
New  York,  1914.)   iii,  108-1 10. 

Marston,  Glenn.    Facts  on  municipal  ownership  in  268  towns 
and  cities.    Chicago,  1915.    32  pp. 
Alphabetical  by  cities;  only  a  few  sentences  about  each  city. 

The  fallacies  of  municipal  ownership.    Public  Service,  xiv, 

107-108,  147-149,  187-188  (1913). 

A  popular  argument  against  municipal  ownership,  with  brief  discussion 
of  the  results  in  various  places. 

200  municipal  ownership  failures.    Chicago,  1912  ?    29  pp. 

Arranged  by  cities,  with  only  a  sentence  about  each  city. 

Martin,  T.  C.  Electric  raihoads.  {In  McLaughlin,  A.  C,  and 
Hart,  A.  B.  Cyclopedia  of  American  government.  New 
York,  1914.)    iii,  138-140. 

Marwick,  Mitchell  and  Company.    Financial  matters:  United 
States  electricity  works.     {In  Nadonal  Civic  Federation. 
Municipal  and  private  operation  of  public  utilities.    New 
York,  1907.)    Pt.  II,  vol.  i,  803-844. 
Considers  Allegheny,  Chicago,  Detroit  and  South  Norwalk  only. 


HISTORY  OF  UTILITIES  AND  OF  REGULATION         4 1 

Marwick,  Mitchell  and  Company.  Financial  matters :  United 
States  waterworks.  {In  National  Civic  Federation.  Munic- 
ipal and  private  operation  of  public  utilities.  New  York, 
1907.)    Pt.  II,  vol.  i,  353-425. 

Maury,  D.  H.  Engineering  matters:  United  States  waterworks. 
{In  Nadonal  Civic  Federation.  Municipal  and  private  opera- 
tion of  public  utilities.  New  York,  1907.)  Pt.  II,  vol.  i, 
159-352. 

Metcalf,  Leonard.     Private  fire  protection  service  charges. 

Proc,  American  Waterworks  Association,  xxxiii,   127-152 

(1913). 

Discussion :  pp.  1 58-190.  An  account  of  an  investigation  supplementing 
Metcalf,  Kuichling  and  Hawley,  "Some  fundamental  considerations 
in  the  determination  of  a  reasonable  return  for  public  fire  hydrant 
service." 

,  Kuichling,  E.,  and  Hawley,  W.  C.    Some  fundamental 

considerations  in  the  determination  of  a  reasonable  return 
for  public  fire  hydrant  service.    Proc,  American  Waterworks 
Association,  xxxi,  55-117  (191 1). 
Includes  tables  of  rates  charged  in  different  cities. 
For  a  supplementary  study,  see  Leonard  Metcalf,  "Private  fire  pro- 
tection service  charges." 

Milwaukee  Gas  Light  Company.     Prices  charged  for  gas  in 
various  cities  of  the  United  States  from  1885  to  1907,  in- 
clusive.   Milwaukee,  1907  ?    28  pp. 
An  excellent  and  very  complete  tabulation. 

Moore,  Charles.   Electric  lighting  in  the  city  of  Detroit.  Publi- 
cations, American  Economic  Association,  ii,  539-550  (1888). 
In  The  relation  of  modem  municipalities  to  quasi-public  works. 
Historical;  includes  a  table  of  the  charges  for  street  lighting  m  various 
cities. 

Nash,  L.  R.    Development  of  commission  regulation.    Stone  and 
Webster  Public  Service  Journal,  xv,  18-27  (1914). 
A  tabular  analysis,  chart  and  discussion  of  the  authority  and  juris- 
diction of  the  various  state  conunissions. 

National  Civic  Federation.  Commission  regulation  of  public 
utilities:  a  compilation  and  analysis  of  laws  of  forty-three 
states  and  of  the  federal  government  for  the  regulation  by 


42 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTILITIES 


central  commissions  of  railroads  and  other  public  utilities. 
New  York,  1913.    1284  pp. 

National  Civic  Federation.  Draft  bill  for  the  regulation  of  pub- 
lic utilities:  with  documents  relating  thereto.  New  York? 
1914.    124  pp. 

Includes  a  table  showing  the  number  of  commissioners,  their  terms, 
salaries,  and  manner  of  selection,  for  the  various  state  commissions 
(pp.  111-114). 

Norton,  W.  J.     Approval  of  demand  rates  by  public  service 

commissions.     Electrical  Review  and  Western  Electrician, 

Ixv,  960-961  (1914). 

States  briefly  the  attitude  of  the  commissions  in  various  states. 

Effects  of  the  indeterminate  franchise  under  state  regula- 
tion.  Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 

Science,  liii,  135-147  (1914). 

A  good,  annotated  account  of  the  law  and  experience  of  various  states. 

State  regulation.    Electrical  Review  and  Western  Electri- 


cian, kvi,  632-633  (1915). 

A  very  brief  but  interesting  discussion  of  various  commissions,  the 
writer  asserting  that  their  ill  success  has  been  due  to  poor  appoint- 
ments and  politics. 

Nutting,  H.  G.  D.    Is  regulation  failing  ?    Electrical  Review 
and  Western  Electrician,  Ixv,  811-812  (1914). 
Popular  and  very  general. 

Parsons,  Frank.  Public  ownership.  {In  The  city  for  the 
people.    Philadelphia,  1900  ?)    17-254. 

An  arraignment  of  the  public  service  corporations  for  alleged  abuses  and 
corruption,  and  an  argument  for  municipal  ownership.  Includes  many 
quotations  from  other  writers  and  some  statistics;  very  popular  in 
style. 

Parsons,  W.  B.  Underground  railways  in  the  United  States. 
Trans.,  American  Society  of  Civil  Engineers,  liv,  part  F, 
349-366(1904). 

Discussion:  pp.  367-376.  A  technical  engineering  description,  with 
many  diagrams. 

Patton,  W.  a.    At  what  rate  can  water  be  profitably  sold  when 
pumped  against  a  300-foot  head  ?    Proc,  American  Water- 
works Association,  xxiv,  490-496  (1904). 
A  discussion  of  the  rates  in  various  places. 


HISTORY  OF  UTILITIES  AND  OF  REGULATION        43 

Pike,  C.  W.    Service  standards  for  electric  light  and  power  com- 
panies as  prescribed  by  public  service  conmiissions.    Utilities 
Magazine,  i,  no.  5,  21-28  (1916). 
See  revised  codification. 

Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  7,  30-40  (1916). 

Revised  codification  of  the  rules  of  all  commissions. 

RiGGS,  H.  E.  The  valuation  of  public  service  corporation  prop- 
erty.    Trans.,  American  Society  of  Civil  Engineers,  Ixxii, 

1-173(1911). 

Discussion:  pp.  174-300.    Includes  discussion  of  the  vanous  state  rail- 
road appraisals.    Rather  technical. 

Ripley,  W.  Z.   Physical  valuation  of  railroads.   Political  Science 

Quarterly,  xxix,  569-599  (1914)- 

An  annotated  critical  and  historical  study,  of  some  interest  for  municipal 
utilities. 

Physical  valuation:  reasonable  rates.  {In  Railroads:  fi- 
nance and  organization.    New  York,  191 5.)    SS^SJO- 

Rosamond,  S.  J.  What  would  be  a  fair  basis  for  fixing  water 
rates  for  fire  and  domestic  service  ?  Proc,  American  Water- 
works Association,  xxv,  132-138  (1905). 

Discussion:  pp.  139-150.  An  analysis  of  the  rates  of  seventy  cities; 
with  large  comparative  tables  of  statistics. 

RosEWATER,  Victor.    Mimicipal  ownership  of  electric  lighting. 

Independent,  Iv,  93-96  (1903). 

A  brief  but  interesting  account  of  the  growth  of  the  municipal  owner- 
ship movement  in  the  United  States;  with  one  table  of  statistics. 
The  writer  favors  mimicipalization. 

ScoBELL,  E.  C.  Variations  in  public  service  systems  of  account- 
ing. Proc,  National  Electric  Light  Association,  1914:  ac- 
counting session,  188-193. 

A  brief  r6sum6  of  some  of  the  differences  in  the  requirements  of  various 
commissions. 

Sharfman,  I.  L.    Conmiission  regulation  of  public  utilities:   a 
survey  of  legislation.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of 
Political  and  Social  Science,  liii,  1-18  (1914)- 
An  excellent  account  of  the  provisions  of  the  commission  laws  of  all 
states,  thoroughly  annotated. 


44  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Sharfman,  I.  L.    Regulation  by  the  states.   (/«  Railway  regula- 
tion.   Chicago,  1915.)    139-171. 

Reprint  of  "Commission  regulation  of  public  utilities:  a  survey  of 
legislation.  ' 

Spencer,  A.  W.    The  prevenUon  of  stock-watering  by  public 
service  corporations.     Journal  of  PoUtical  Economy    xiv 
542-552(1906). 

A  good  discussion  of  the  principles  of  the  regulation  of  securities  issues 
and  of  the  practice  of  the  different  states.  The  writer  advocates 
separate  state  laws  applying  to  public  service  corporations. 

Stebbins,  Theodore,  and  Phelps,  C.  E.,  Jr.     Engineering 
matters:    United  States  electricity  works.     {In  National 
Civic  Federation.    Municipal  and  private  operation  of  public 
utilities.    New  York,  1907.)    Pt.  II,  vol.  i,  759-802. 
Considers  AUegheny,  Chicago,  Detroit  and  South  Norwalk  only. 

Sullivan,  J.  W. ,  and  Commons,  J.  R.  Labor  and  poUtics :  United 
States  waterworks.     {In  National  Civic  Federation.     Mu- 
nicipal and  private  operation  of  pubUc  utiliUes.    New  York 
1907.)    Pt.  II,  vol.  i,  136-158.  ' 

Thelen,  Max.    Report  on  leading  railroad  and  pubUc  service 
commissions.    Sacramento,  1912.    98  pp. 
An  excellent  report  on  the  organization  and  work  of  the  public  service 
conunissions  of  Oregon,  Washington,  Nebraska,  Minnesota,  Wiscon- 
sin   New  York,   Massachusetts,  Maryland,   Georgia,    Texas    and 
UKianoma. 

TiNGLEY,  C.  L.  S.    Present  tendency  of  pubUc  utility  laws  and 
regulations.    Proc,  American  Electric  Railway  Association 
1,301-320(1913).  ' 

A  rather  general  discussion  of  commission  developments  and  especially 
of  the  new  Illinois  commission  law;  with  quotations  from  court  dL 
cisions. 

U.  S.  Bureau  of  the  Census.    Central  electric  Kght  and  power 
stations,  1902.    Washington,  1905.    175  pp. 
Franchises:  pp.  82-85. 
History  and  development  of  electric  lighting:  pp.  86-104. 

Central  electric  light  and  power  stations,  1907.    Washing- 
ton, 1 910.    197  pp. 


HISTORY  OF  UTILITIES  AND  OF  REGULATION        45 

U.  S.  Bureau  of  the  Census.     Central  electric  light  and  power 

stations  and  street  and  electric  railways:  with  summary  of 

the  electrical  industries,  191 2.     Washington,  1915.    440  pp. 

Central  electric  light  and  power  stations:  pp.  1-176. 
Street  and  electric  railways:  pp.  179-409. 

Street  and  electric  railways,   1902.     Washington,   1905. 

439  PP- 

Franchises,  public  regulation  and  public  ownership:  pp.  126-148. 
History  and  development  of  electric  traction:  pp.  159-171. 
Construction  and  equipment:  pp.  172-229. 

Street  and  electric  railways,   1907.     Washington,   1910. 

575  PP- 

Fares  and  transfers:  pp.  248-252. 

Franchises,  public  regulation  and  public  ownership:  pp.  291-299. 

U.  S.  Bureau  of  Standards.    Standard  regulations  for  manufac- 
tured gas  and  gas  service.    Washington,  1913.    170  pp. 

Circular  no.  32;  second  edition.  Superseding  "  State  and  municipal 
regulations  for  the  quality,  distribution,  and  testing  of  illuminating 
gas." 

Contains  suggested  regulations,  and  a  review  of  existing  regulations. 
Technical. 

Standards  for  electric  service.    Washington,  1916.    262  pp. 

Circular  no.  56;  first  edition.  An  excellent  classification  and  tabulation 
of  the  various  state  and  municipal  regulations;  with  discussion  of 
proposed  standards.  Technical. 

Standards  for  gas  service.    Washington,  191 5.    197  pp. 

Circular  no.  32;    third  edition.     Superseding  "  Standard  regulations 

for  manufactured  gas  and  gas  service." 
Consists  largely  of  suggested  regulations,  but  includes  a  sunmiary  of 

regulations  now  in  force.    Technical. 

State  and  municipal  regulations  for  the  quality,  distribu- 
tion, and  testing  of  illuminating  gas.     Washington,  191 2. 

133  PP- 

Circular  no.  32 ;  first  edition.  An  excellent  classification  and  tabulation. 
Technical. 

U.  S.  Interstate  Commerce  Commission.   Railways  in  the  United 
States  in  1902.    Washington,  1903.    5  vols. 
Part  IV:  State  regulation  of  railways.    416  pp. 


46  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTILITIES 

Appendix  to  sixteenth  annual  report.  An  excellent  tabulation  of  the 
commission  laws  and  their  changes  since  1890.  For  a  supplementary 
compilation,  see  G.  G.  Hueber,  "  Five  years  of  railroad  regulation  by 
the  states." 

Wagner,  B.  M.    Rates  for  water  supply.    Journal  of  the  New 
England  Waterworks  Association,  xxix,  1-48  (191 5). 
A  very  good  general  article,  including  an  account  of  water  rate  history. 

Warner,  G.  E.    Public  ownership  of  lighting  plant.    City  Gov- 
ernment, vi,  50-52  (1899). 
On  municipal  ownership  history  m  Rochester  and  elsewhere. 

Whipple,  F.  H.    The  cost  of  pubUc  Ughting.    {In  Municipal 
lighting.    Detroit,  1889.)    120-217. 
Alphabetical,  by  cities. 

The  ownership  of  central  stations.     {In  Municipal  light- 
ing.   Detroit,  1889.)    80-106. 
Alphabetical  by  cities. 

Whitehorne,  E.  E.     The  value  of  the  poor  man's  business. 

Electrical  World,  Ixvii,  201-203  (1916). 

Popular  account  of  the  use  of  controlled  flat  rates  in  various  cities;   illus- 
trated with  photographs. 

Whitten,  R.  H.    Taxation  of  corporations  in  New  York,  Massa- 
chusetts, Pennsylvania  and  New  Jersey.    New  York  State 
Library  Bulletin,  no.  61 :  617-810  (1901). 
Includes  public  service  companies. 

Wilcox,  D.  F.    Effects  of  state  regulation  upon  the  municipal 

ownership  movement.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of 

Political  and  Social  Science,  liii,  71-84  (1914). 

An  excellent  discussion  of  some  of  the  problems  and  results  of  commis- 
sion regulation  in  the  various  states. 

Municipal  franchises:  a  description  of  the  terms  and  con- 
ditions upon  which  private  corporations  enjoy  special  privi- 
leges in  the  streets  of  American  cities.    New  York,  1910-191 1 . 
2  vols. 
An  exhaustive  treatise,  in  popular  form,  mcluding  an  account  of  the 

franchises  in  force  in  practically  all  important  American  cities.    For 

list  of  chapters,  see  p.  131. 

Street  railway  resettlements  and  negotiations  for  municipal 

ownership.    National  Municipal  Review,  iii,  745-751  (1914). 
Brief  sketches  of  the  situation  in  various  American  cities. 


HISTORY  OF  UTIUTIES  AND  OF  REGULATION 


47 


Zueblin,  Charles.  Municipal  railway  regulation.    {In  Ameri- 
can municipal  progress.    Revised  edition.    New  York,  191 6.) 

30^54. 

A  very  popular  historical  sketch  of  the  street  railways  in  certain  Ameri- 
can cities. 

Alabama 
Birmingham 

Gordon,  F.  G.  R.    Municipal  ownership  in  Birmingham.    Con- 
cerning Municipal  Ownership,  ix,  174-175  (191 6). 


California 

Eastwood,  J.  S.     The  railroad  commission  and  the  public. 

Journal  of  Electricity,  Power  and  Gas,  xxxii,  51-54  (1914). 

Discussion  of  state  vs.  local  regulation  in  California.    Favors  state  con- 
trol. 

EscH,  Fred.    Utility  law  variations.    Public  Service  Regulation, 
i,  492-494  (191 2). 
A  comparison  of  the  California  and  Wisconsin  acts. 

EsHLEMAN,  J.  M.     State  and  mimicipal  control  of  utilities. 
Public  Service  Regulation,  i,  587-593  (191 2). 
Abstract. 

State  vs.  municipal  regulations  of  public  utilities.    National 

Municipal  Review,  ii,  11-23  (1913)- 

On  the  combination  of  state  and  local  regulation  in  California,  favoring 
state  control. 

Plehn,  C.  C.   The  taxation  of  franchises  in  California.   National 
Municipal  Review,  i,  337-354  (191 2). 
A  good  historical  and  critical  account. 

SiNSHEiMER,  p.  A.  Ten  rules  for  service:  principles  applied  by 
the  railroad  conmiission  of  California  to  the  regulation  of 
public  utility  service.  Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of 
Political  and  Social  Science,  liii,  292-306  (1914). 

Thelen,  Max.  A  California  problem.  Public  Service  Regula- 
tion, i,  662-663  (191 2). 

Discusses  question  of  whether  California  municipalities  should  delegate 
to  the  state  conmiission  their  powers  over  public  utilities. 


48 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


Thelen,  Max.    California's  new  law.    Public  Service  Regula- 
tion, i,  260-262  (1912). 
Analysis  of  the  act  of  191 2. 

Public  utility  regulation  in  California.     Proc,  National 

Electric  Light  Association,  1915:  general  session,  263-270. 
Brief  historical  sketch  of  electric  utilities  and  regulation  in  California. 

Whittlesey,  J.  T.  The  success  of  municipal  lighting  plants  in 
California.  Pacific  Municipalities,  xxvii,  701-712  (1913); 
xxviii,  5-16  (1914). 

Alameda 

GoLDSWORTHY,  A.  D.    Municipal  electric  lighting  in  Alameda, 
California.    American  City,  xi,  144-146  (1914). 
Brief  description,  illustrated  with  photographs. 

Kahn,  J.  B.    Alameda  municipal  electric  light  plant.    Journal 
of  Electricity,  Power  and  Gas,  xxxi,  455-460  (1913). 
History  and  description,  with  photographs  and  statistics. 

Glendale 

Allison,  LeR.  W.     Glendale  municipal  electric  lighting  plant. 
Power,  xlii,  60-61  (1915). 
A  very  brief  account  of  the  plant  and  its  operating  results. 

Los  Angeles 

MoHLER,  C.  K.  Public  utility  regulation  by  Los  Angeles.  Annals 

of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science, 

liii,  108-118  (1914). 

A  discussion  of  the  powers  and  work  of  the  commission. 

Works,  L.  R.   The  board  of  public  utilities  of  Los  Angeles.    {In 
King,  C.  L.    The  regulation  of  public  utilities.    New  York, 
191 2.)    208-218. 
A  brief,  popular  account  of  the  conmiission  and  its  work. 

Palo  Alto 

Byxbee,  J.  F.,  Jr.    Experience  with  the  diesel-engine  in  the 

municipal  power  plant  of  Palo  Alto,  Calif.    Engineering  and 

Contracting,  xlv,  44-47  (191 6). 

Engineering  description,  with  one  photograph. 


HISTORY  OF  UTILITIES  AND  OF  REGULATION        49 

Pasadena 

Carr,  W.  J.  Does  municipal  ownership  pay  ?  Pasadena's  suc- 
cess in  municipal  ownership  and  certain  aspects  of  the  enter- 
prise.   Pacific  Municipalities,  xxvii,  142-145  (1913). 

KoiNER,  C.  W.  Pasadena's  municipal  light  and  power  plant. 
Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 
Science,  Ivii,  209-227  (1915). 

Historical  account,  with  tables  of  rates  charged.     Favors  municipal 
ownership. 

Slavin,  Matthew.  Municipal  electricity  in  Pasadena.  Public 
Service,  viii,  105-108  (1910). 

Riverside 

Backstrand,  C.  F.    Riverside's  municipal  power  plant.  Journal 

of  Electricity,  Power  and  Gas,  xxx,  153-155  (1913). 

Engineering  description,  with  photographs. 

San  Francisco 

Arnold,  B.  J.    Foundation  principles  in  valuation.    Electric 

Railway  Journal,  xlvi,  713-719, 803-806  (1915). 

Abstract. 

Foundation  principles  of  utility  valuation  with  special  ap- 
plication to  plans  for  resettlement.  Aera,  iv,  189-214  (1915). 
Abstract. 

Foundation  principles  of  utility  valuation  with  special  ap- 
plication to  resettlement  plans.  Proc,  American  Electric 
Railway  Association,  1 91 5:   139-187. 

Discussion:  pp.  188-198.  Notes  on  San  Francisco  traction  resettlement: 
pp.  176-178;  with  a  chart. 

Franchise  and  legal  matters.  (In  Report  on  the  improve- 
ment and  development  of  the  transportation  facilities  of 
San  Francisco.    San  Francisco,  1913.)    359-410. 

Report  on  legal  and  franchise  matters,  charter  amendments 

to  the  Board  of  supervisors,  city  of  San  Francisco.    ?,  191 2. 
28  pp. 

Report  on  the  improvement  and  development  of  the  trans- 
portation facilities  of  San  Francisco.  San  Francisco,  1913. 
475  pp. 


so 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


San  Francisco  —  continued. 

Baldwin,  A.  S.  Shall  San  Francisco  municipalize  its  water  sup- 
ply ?    Municipal  Affairs,  iv,  3 1 7-3  28(1 900) . 

A  popular  analysis,  opposing  municipal  ownership  under  the  existing 
circumstances. 

Cleary,  a.  J.    Municipal  street  railways.    Engineering  News, 

Ixxiii,  320-324  (1915). 

In  a  series  of  articles  entitled  "  The  mxmicipal  engineering  works  of 

San  Francisco." 
A  good  description,  illustrated  with  photographs  and  diagrams,  and 

including  some  statistics. 

San  Francisco's  new  municipal  street  railways.    Engineer- 
ing News,  Ixxii,  1020-1022  (1914). 
An  engineering  description,  illustrated  with  a  photograph  and  map. 

Gross,  Murray.  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Annals  of  the  American 
Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  xxx,  575-578  (1907). 
In  The  relation  of  the  municipality  to  the  water  supply:  a  symposium. 
Very  brief  historical  and  descriptive  account  of  the  water  service. 

OsT,  P.  J.    The  municipal  railways  of  San  Francisco.    Journal 
of  Electricity,  Power  and  Gas,  xxxiii,  333-340  (1914). 
Description,  illustrated  with  photographs. 

ScHUSSLER,  Hermann.    San  Francisco's  water  supply.    Public 
Service,  viii,  25-27  (1910). 
History  and  description. 

Walcott,  E.  a.     The  municipal  railways  of  San  Francisco. 

National  Municipal  Review,  iii,  554-556  (1914)- 
Analysis  of  results,  the  writer  concluding  that  the  undertaking  has  been 
a  success. 

ZuEBLiN,  Charles.  Municipal  railway  regulation.  {In  Ameri- 
can mimicipal  progress.    Revised  edition.    New  York,  1916.) 

30-54. 

San  Francisco's  mimicipal  railway:  pp.  52-54. 

Brief  historical  sketch;  very  popular. 

Santa  Clara 

Moore,  C.  E.    Experience  with  a  mimicipal  gas  plant.    Public 

Service,  11,51-52(1907). 

History  of  municipal  ownership  in  Santa  Clara,  with  conclusions  as  to 
the  general  desirability  of  municipal  ownership. 


HISTORY  OF  UTIUTIES  AND  OF  REGULATION         SI 


Colorado 
Staley,D.H.   Colorado  in  litigation.   Public  Service  Regulation, 

1,3^37(1912). 

Brief  historical  sketch  of  the  railroad  commission  and  legislation. 

Denver 

Brashears,  W.  F.    Denver  waterworks  controversy.     Public 

Service,  ix,  101-104  (1910). 

A  very  popular,  historical  sketch. 
Deacon,  W.  G.    A  city's  lost  honor.    PubUc  Service,  xvi,  147- 

148  (1914). 

A  popular  account  of  Denver's  relations  to  the  waterworks  company. 

Gentry,  R.  G.  Denver's  famous  street  lighting.  Public  Service, 

V,  4-5  (1908). 

Description,  illustrated  with  photographs. 

King,  C.  L.  The  history  of  the  government  of  Denver,  with 
special  reference  to  its  relations  with  public  service  corpora- 
tions.   Denver,  191 1.    322  pp. 

Mayfield,  a.  U.    Public  services  of  Denver.    Public  Service,  ii, 

7-14(1907). 

Each  kind  of  utility  service  described  separately,  with  photographs. 

Connecticut 

Norwich 

Jensen,  M.  E.    Experiment  conducted  at  Norwich,  Conn.  New 

England  Magazine,  n.  s.,  xxxv,  338-342  (1906). 

Description  of  the  municipal  pknt,  and  analysis  of  results. 

South  Norwalk 

Winchester,  A.  E.  South  Norwalk's  mimicipal  electric  works. 
Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 

Science,  Ivii,  228-245  (191 5). 

Historical,  with  comparison  of  the  private  and  municipal  plants.    Some 
general  discussion  of  municipal  ownership. 

Wallingford 

Pierce,  A.  L.    Municipal  lighting  in  Wallingford,  Conn.    Mu- 
nicipal Affairs,  vi,  820-823  (1903). 
Very  brief  historical  sketch,  with  analysis  of  results. 


52  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTILITIES 


District  of  Columbu 
Washington 

Garges,  D.  E.  Washington,  D.  C.  Annals  of  the  American 
Academy  of  PoUtical  and  Social  Science,  xxx,  585-588  (1907). 
In  The  relation  of  the  municipality  to  the  water  supply:  a  symposium. 
Histoncal  and  descriptive  account  of  the  water  service. 

Florida 
Jacksonville 

Austin,  C.  C.     Jacksonville  municipal  power  plant.     Power, 
xxxvii,  622-624  (1913). 
Description,  with  photographs  and  diagrams. 

Barrs,  J.  M.  Municipal  ownership  in  Jacksonville,  Florida. 
Proc,  National  Conference  for  Good  City  Government,  1006: 
257-265. 

An  analysis  of  the  results  of  operation,  the  writer  favoring  municipal 
ownership.  *^ 

Deacon,  W.  G.  The  truth  about  Jacksonville.  Public  Service, 
xvi,  113-117(1914). 

Experience  with  the  municipal  electric  plant;  includes  one  photograph. 
Gordon,  F.  G.  R.    The  Jacksonville  municipal  electric  lighting 
plant.    Concerning  Municipal  Ownership,  ix,  153-155  (1916). 
Analysis  of  results. 

WoRTHiNGTON,  Tbomas.  Regulation  vs.  municipal  ownership. 
Public  Service,  xvi,  23-25  (1914). 

A  popular  argument  against  municipal  ownership,  with  brief  reference 
to  the  municipal  plants  of  Jacksonville. 

Georgia 
Collier,  W.  R.    The  sale  of  current  to  municipally  owned  dis- 
tributing systems  by  central  stations.    Electrical  Review  and 
Western  Electrician,  brsdi,  890-893  (1915). 

Embodies  the  results  of  a  study  in  Georgia,  illustrated  with  tables  and 
charts. 

Atlanta 

Beck,  H.  C.    Atlanta's  municipal  waterworks.    Public  Service, 
ii,  137-140  (1907). 
A  statistical  analysis  of  results. 


HISTORY  OF  UTILITIES  AND  OF  REGULATION 


S3 


Quitman 

Crowell,  F.  B.     Quitman  municipal  water  and  light  plant. 
Power,  xliii,  786-787  (1916). 
Description,  with  photographs  and  tables. 

Idaho 

Walker,  H.  B.    Government  furnishes  cheap  electricity.  Power, 
xli,  228-229(1915). 

Electricity  sold  to  small  towns  in  southern  Idaho  by  a  government  hy- 
droelectric plant,  which  forms  part  of  the  Minidoka  irrigation  project. 
Gives  tables  of  rates  charged. 

Illinois 

Bennett,  C.  G.    Illinois  utilities  commission  and  the  waterworks 
companies.   Journal  of  the  American  Waterworks  Association, 
ii,  382-389(1915). 
A  brief  historical  sketch  and  discussion. 

Fairlie,  J.  A.    Public  utility  legislation  in  Illinois.     National 

Municipal  Review,  iii,  28-33  (1914)- 

Historical  sketch  of  the  legislation  leading  up  to  the  enactment  of  the 
commission  law. 

Feustel,  R.  M.    Some  aspects  of  the  work  of  the  Illinois  utilities 
commission.    Journal  of  the  Western  Society  of  Engineers, 

^  965-974  (1914). 

Discussion:  pp.  974-^78.  Considers  chiefly  the  organization  and  work 
of  the  engineering  department. 

French,  H.  J.    Laying  foundation  for  new  conunission.    Public 
Service,  xi,  205-207  (191 1). 

An  Illinois  committee  makes  an  eighteen-month  investigation  tour  be- 
fore preparing  the  commission  law. 

Illinois  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics.    Report,  1898.    Springfield, 
1899.    271  pp. 
Private  and  municipal  ownership  of  public  works:  pp.  3-41. 

Looms,  H.B.    Franchise  taxation  in  Illinois.    Municipal  Affairs, 
¥,388-400(1901). 
A  popular  account,  with  tables. 


54 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


Norton,  W.  J.  Illinois  public  utility  commission  law  and  mu- 
nicipal ownership  law:  with  annotations,  marginal  notes  and 
index-digest.    Chicago,  1913.    200  pp. 

Robinson,  M.  H.  The  pubUc  utilities  commission.  {In  A  re- 
port on  supervision  of  corporations  and  related  business. 
Chicago,  1914.)   39-48. 

Report  prepared  for  Efficiency  and  economy  committee,  Illinois  legis- 
lature. 
A  good  historical  sketch. 

Smith,  E.  B.     Street  railway  legislation  in  Illinois.     Atlantic 
Monthly,  xciii,  109-118  (1904). 
A  very  popular,  historical  account. 

TiNGLEY,  C.  L.  S.  Present  tendency  of  public  utility  laws  and 
regulations.  Proc,  American  Electric  Railway  Association, 
i,  301-320  (1913)- 

A  rather  general  discussion  of  commission  developments  and  especially 
of  the  new  Illinois  commission  law;  with  quotations  from  court  de- 
cisions on  regulation. 

Wherry,  W.  M.  ,  Jr.  Four  pubhc  utilities  laws  analyzed :  Illinois, 
Indiana,  Pennsylvania,  and  West  Virginia.  ?,  1913.  91  pp. 
Each  law  analyzed  separately  by  sections. 

Chicago 

Arnold,  B.  J.  City  transportation:  subways  and  railroad  ter- 
minals.   Journal  of  the  Western  Society  of  Engineers,  xix, 

325-347  (1914). 

Discussion:  pp.  347-368.  An  account  of  a  study  made  for  the  city  of 
Chicago;   illustrated  with  many  diagrams. 

Foundation   principles   in   valuation.     Electric   Railway 

Journal,  xlvi,  713-719,  803-806  (1915). 

Abstract. 

Foundation  principles  of  utility  valuation  with  special 

application  to  plans  for  resettlement.     Aera,  iv,  189-214 

(1915)- 
Abstract. 

Foundation  principles  of  utility  valuation  with  special 

application  to  resettlement  plans.    Proc,  American  Electric 
Railway  Association,  1915:   139-187. 

Discussion:  pp.   188-198.     Notes  on  Chicago  traction  resettlement: 
pp.  169-173;  with  charts. 


HISTORY  OP  UTIUTIES  AND  OF  REGULATION 


ss 


Chicago  —  continued. 

Arnold,  B.  J.,  Fleming,  H.  B.,  and  Weston,  George.  Phases 
in  the  development  of  the  street  railways  of  Chicago.  Journal 
of  the  Western  Society  of  Engineers,  xiv,  641-668  (1909). 

An  historical  sketch.    B.  J.  Arnold:  pp.  641-646. 

Street  railway  car  house  design  and  operation.  H.  B.  Fleming:  pp.  646- 

652. 
Work  of  the  Board  of  supervising  engineers.    George  Weston:   pp.  653- 

668. 
Discussion:  pp.  668-672. 

Report  on  the  engineering  and  operating  features  of  the 


Chicago  transportation  problem.    New  York,  1905.    3  vols. 
"  Report  to  Chicago  city  council." 

Bard,  E.  F.    The  street  railways  of  Chicago:   accoimtant's  re- 
port.   Municipal  Affairs,  v,  484-594  (1901). 

Bemis,  E.  W.    Report  upon  the  price  of  gas  in  Chicago  for  the 
Chicago  council  committee  on  gas,  oil,  and  electric  light. 
Chicago,  191 1.    31  pp. 
Includes  many  tables  of  statistics. 

Commons,  J.  R.    Economic  and  social  factors  in  Chicago  mu- 
nicipal lighting.    Municipal  Affairs,  vi,  109-115  (1902). 

An  historical  analysis,  with  conclusions  favorable  to  municipal  owner* 
ship ;  includes  tables  of  statistics. 

Darrow,  C.  S.    The  Chicago  traction  question.    International 

Quarterly,  xii,  13-22  (1905). 

History  of  street  railways  in  Chicago,  and  of  the  municipal  ownership 
movement. 

Deacx)n,  W.  G.    The  Chicago  traction  plan.    Public  Service, 

xiii,  165-172  (1912). 

Describes  municipal  control  by  engineering  boards.  Discusses  the 
history  of  traction  service  in  Chicago;  with  a  map,  charts  and  photo- 
graphs. 

Dunne,  E.  F.     Mimicipal  ownership  in  Chicago.     Moody's 

Magazine,  ii,  522-526  (1906). 

In  Municipal  ownership  and  operation:  symposium. 
Popular,  historical  account  of  the  attempt  to  municipalize  traction  in 
Chicago.    Favors  municipal  ownership. 


S6 


BJBUOGRAPBY  OF  MUNICIPAL  VTIUTIES 


HISTORY  OF  VTIUTIES  AND  OF  REGULATION 


57 


i 


Chicago  —  continued. 

Ellicott,  E.  B.    Chicago's  experience  with  municipal  lighting. 

Municipal  Affairs,  vi,  815-820  (1903). 

Popular  historical  and  analytical  treatment. 

Chicago's  lighting  plant:    its  progress  under  municipal 

ownership.    Municipal  Engineering,  xx,  33-35  (1901). 
Abstract.   An  account  of  the  results  of  municipal  ownership  in  Chicago; 

the  writer  favoring  municipalization. 

Municipal  electric  lighting  in  Chicago.  Engineering  Record, 

xliii,  176-180(1901). 

Brief  abstract  of  a  report  of  thirteen  years'  operation. 

The  Robert  A.  Waller  municipal  lighting  plant.    Journal 

of  the  Western  Society  of  Engineers,  v,  566-569  (1900). 
Discussion:  pp.  569-570.    A  brief  engineering  description. 

Thirteen  years'  experience  with  municipal  street  lighting 

at  Chicago,  HI.    Engineering  News,  xlv,  317  (1901). 

Very  brief  abstract  of  a  report  of  thirteen  years'  operation. 
Fairlie,  J.  A.    The  Chicago  street  railways:   a  supplementary 

note.    Quarterly  Journal  of  Economics,  xxii,  476-479  (1908). 

Supplementary  to  "  The  street  railway  question  m  Chicago." 

The  street  railway  question  in  Chicago.    Quarterly  Journal 

of  Economics,  xxi,  370-403  (1907). 
A  thorough  historical  study. 

{In  Essays  in  municipal  administration.   New  York, 

1908.)     230-261. 
Reprint. 

Fay,  C.  N.    The  city  gets  fifty-five  per  cent.    Outlook,  xcii,  407- 

413  (1909). 

A  very  popular  account  of  the  Chicago  traction  settlement,  by  which 
55  per  cent  of  gross  earnings  are  paid  to  the  city. 

Grosser,  H.  S.    Chicago.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of 

Political  and  Social  Science,  xxvii,  202-206  (1906). 

In  The  relation  of  the  American  municipalities  to  the  gas  and  electric 

light  supply:  a  symposium. 
Very  brief  description  of  the  services. 

The  movement  for  mimicipal  ownership  in  Chicago.  Annals 

of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Sodal  Science, 

xxvii,  72-90  (1906). 

Somewhat  detailed  historical  account. 


Chicago  —  continued. 

Heilman,  R.  E.     The  Chicago  subway  problem.     Journal  of 

Political  Economy,  xxii,  992-1005  (1914). 

A  discussion  of  recent  subway  franchise  history  in  Chicago. 

Chicago  traction:   a  study  of  the  efforts  of  the  public  to 

secure  good  service.    Publications,  American  Economic  Asso- 
ciation, 3d  series,  ix,  313-443  (1908). 

Thorough  historical  study  of  Chicago  traction,  franchises  and  the  munic- 
ipal ownership  movement. 

Hodge,  W.  H.    The  Conmionwealth  Edison  company.    Public 
Service,  iv,  131-144  (1908). 
Description,  illustrated  with  photographs. 

HoTCHKiss,  W.  E.  Chicago  traction:  a  study  in  political  evolu- 
tion. Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 
Science,  xxviii,  385-404  (1906). 

Recent  phases  of  Chicago's  transportation  problem.  Annals 

of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science, 
xxxi,  85-95  (1908). 

Franchise  history  in  1907.  Supplementary  to  his  "  Chicago  traction: 
a  study  in  political  evolution." 

Lamb,  L.  A.    The  status  of  the  Chicago  traction  problem.    Elec- 
tric Railway  Review,  xvi,  390-392  (1906). 
Current  history,  based  on  a  recent  court  decision. 

Maltbie,  M.  R.  (ed.)  The  street  railways  of  Chicago.  Chicago  ? 
1901.    160  pp. 

Reprinted  from  Municipal  Affairs. 

Analysis  of  financial  operations.    M.  R.  Maltbie.   7-49. 

Accountant's  rejx)rt.    E.  F.  Bard.   50-160. 

The  street  railways  of  Chicago :  analysis  of  financial  opera- 
tions.   Municipal  Affairs,  v,  441-483  (1901). 

Marston,  Glenn.  Gas  rates  and  politics  in  Chicago.  Public 
Service,  x,  72-74  (191 1). 

Mead,  D.  W.  The  cost  of  furnishing  water  with  reference  to 
rates  and  rate  making.  Proc,  American  Waterworks  Asso- 
ciation, XXX,  92-96  (1910). 

Discussion :  pp.  96-109.  A  brief  comparison  and  discussion  of  the  water 
rates  of  private  and  municipal  supply  in  Chicago,  1901-1902;  in- 
cludes tables  of  statistics. 


58 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


Chicago  —  continued. 

MiLLis,  H.  A.    The  present  street  raUway  situation  in  Chicago. 

Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 

Science,  xx,  356-367  (1902). 

Chiefly  franchise  history. 

OssosKi,  Sidney.    The  basis  of  valuation  in  case  of  municipal 
purchase  of  street  railways.    Electric  Railway  Journal,  xxxvi, 
999-1000  (1910). 
Procedure  at  Cleveland  and  Chicago  used  for  illustration. 

The  Chicago  plan  of  street  railway  supervision  and  control. 

Electric  Railway  Journal,  xxxvi,  218-220  (1910). 
A  critical  account  of  the  franchise  and  ordinance  provisions. 

Palmer,  Ray.   Municipal  lighting  rates.   Annals  of  the  American 
Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  Ivii,  33-44  (1915). 

Discussion  of  how  to  compare  electric  lighting  rates  of  diflFerent  cities; 
includes  tables  of  electric  rates  in  Chicago,  with  some  discussion. 

Street  lighting  rates  and  cost  factors.    American  City,  xi, 

462-466  (1914). 

Abstract  of  his  "  Municipal  lighting  rates." 

Rex,  Frederic.    Chicago.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy 

of  Political  and  Social  Science,  xxx,  557-562  (1907). 

^»  The  relation  of  the  municipality  to  the  water  supply:  a  symposium. 
Brief  historical  and  descriptive  account  of  the  water  service. 

Sixes,  G.  C.    Chicago's  struggle  for  freedom  from  traction  rule. 
Outlook,  Ixxxii,  748-753  (1906). 

The  relation  of  Chicago  to  public  service  corporations. 

Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 
Science,  xxxi,  155-160  (1908). 
Brief  account  of  the  services. 

ToLMAN,  E.  B.    Chicago's  traction  question.    World  Today,  ix, 
1181-1187  (1905);  X,  637-645  (1906). 

A  full  popular  account  of  traction  franchise  history  in  Chicago;   illus- 
trated with  photographs. 

Weston,  George.     Supervising  engineers  and  street  railway 
service:   the  value  of  a  board  of  supervising  engineers  in  se- 


HISTORY  OF  UTIUTIES  AND  OF  REGULATION         59 

Chicago  —  continued. 

curing  efficient  street  railway  service.   Annals  of  the  American 
Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  xxxvii,  191-202 
(1911). 
Chiefly  historical. 

Wilcox,  D.  F.    How  the  Chicago  and  Cleveland  street  railway 
settlements  are  working  out.    National  Municipal  Review,  i, 
630-638  (1912). 
A  good  analysis. 

Engineering  News,  Ixviii,  526-529  (191 2). 

The  street  railway  settlement  franchises  of  Chicago  and 

Cleveland.     {In  Municipal  franchises.     New  York,  191 1.) 

ii,  141-191. 

A  thorough  historical  study. 

Galena 

Thompson,  H.  A.    Galena's  experience  with  ownership.    Public 
Service,  v,  91-92  (1908). 

Galesburg 

Hodge,  W.  H.    Ownership  that  does  not  pay.    Public  Service, 
iv,  99-104  (1908). 
Description  and  anal5rsis  of  results;  with  photographs. 

Lake  Forest 

Alvord,  J.  W.    A  cooperative  waterworks  franchise.     Proc., 
American  Waterworks  Association,  xxx,  110-118  (1910). 
Discussion:  pp.  1 18-122.    An  account  of  the  main  features  of  an  ordi- 
nance in  Lake  Forest.    A  part  of  the  net  profits  go  to  a  sinking  hind 
for  municipal  purchase  of  the  property. 

Peoria 

Perry,  H.  S.    A  city  that  sold  its  waterworks.    Public  Service, 
iv,  21  (1908). 

A  popular  historical  sketch  of  the  plant  under  municipal  and  private 
ownership. 

Springfield 

Smith,  J.  E.    Experiments  at  Springfield,  lU.    PubUc  Service,  i, 
104-106  (1906). 


6o 


BIBUOGRAPBY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTILITIES 


HISTORY  OF  UTILITIES  AND  OF  REGULATION 


6i 


!  I 

'1 


Indiana 

Duncan,  T.  C.    Purposes  and  methods  of  the  Indiana  utility 
act.    IndianapoKs,  19 13.    17  pp. 

(jORDON,  F.  G.  R.     Municipal  ownership  failures  in  Indiana. 

Concerning  Municipal  Ownership,  ix,  127-128  (1916). 
Madison,  Marion  and  Miincie. 

McReynolds,  T.  C.    State  supervision  of  public  utilities.  Public 
Service,  ix,  105-108  (1910). 
Argument  in  favor  of  a  public  service  commission  for  Indiana. 

Wherry,  W.  M.,  Jr.    Four  pubUc  utilities  laws  analyzed:   Illi- 
nois, Indiana,  Pennsylvania  and  West  Virginia.     ?,  1913. 
91pp. 
Each  law  analyzed  separately  by  sections. 

Crawfordsville 

Brown,  C.  C.    Some  new  provisions  in  a  proposed  franchise  for 
a  municipal  public  service  corporation.     Proc,  American 
Society  of  Municipal  Improvements,  1909:   274-288. 
A  reprint  of  the  franchise  ordinance,  with  some  discussion. 

Fort  Wayne 

Williams,  F.  H.    Fort  Wayne's  municipal  lighting  plant.    Mu- 
nicipal Journal  and  Engineer,  xxvi,  285-289  (1909). 
A  description,  illustrated  with  photographs. 

Indianapolis 

Brown,  C.  C.    How  a  private  gas  company  at  Indianapolis  is 

controlled  in  the  public  interest.    Engineering  News,  Ix,  674- 

675(1908). 

Abstract. 

A  modem  municipal  franchise.    Proc,  American  Society 

of  Municipal  Improvements,  1908 :  20-26. 
On  the  franchise  of  the  Citizens'  gas  company. 

Municipal  Engineering,  xxxv,  306-309  (1908). 

Abstract. 

Forrest,  J.  D.   A  new  plan  for  the  control  of  quasi-public  works. 
American  Journal  of  Sociology,  iii,  837-847  (1898). 
Discussion  of  the  plan  of  A.  F.  Potts  for  a  gas  trust  managed  in  the  in- 
terests of  the  public.    Reviews  the  history  of  its  application  in  In- 
dianapolis. 


Indianapolis  —  continued. 

Goodrich,  J.  P.    The  public  welfare  and  the  holding  company. 
Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 

Science,  Ivii,  323-334  (1915)- 

Includes,  for  illustration,  history  in  Indianapolis. 

Jones,  W.  H.   Public  services  of  Indianapolis.   Public  Service,  i, 
41-51  (1906). 

Each  kind  of  utility  service  described  separately,  with  photographs. 
McMath,  T.  B.    Description  of  the  street  railway  system,  in- 
cluding interurban  terminal  plants.    Proc,  American  Society 
of  Municipal  Improvements,  1903:   105-109. 

Potts,  A.  F.    A  successful  substitute  for  municipal  ownership. 

Municipal  Engineering,  xiv,  181-187  (1898). 
An  account  of  the  Consumers'  gas  trust  of  Indianapolis. 

American  Monthly  Review  of  Reviews,  xx,  576-578 

(1899). 

Knightstown 

Sutton,  W.  E.    Ownership  in  a  small  conununity.    Public  Ser- 
vice, iii,  133-134  (1907). 

On  municipal  ownership  of  electric  light  and  waterworks  plants   in 
Knightstown. 

Logansport 

Gardner,  H.  M.    Discord  in  municipal  ownership.    Public  Ser- 
vice, v,  40-41  (1908). 
Current  history. 

Electric  plant  of  Logansport,  Ind.   Public  Service,  ii,  77-80 

(1907). 

A  brief  sketch  of  mimicipal  ownership  history. 

LoFTUS,  D.  J.    Logansport,  Indiana,  electric  light  department. 
Proc,  National  Conference  for  Grood  City  Government,  1906: 
254-256. 
Very  brief  historical  sketch. 

Iowa 

Ddcon,  F.  H.    State  railroad  control:  with  a  history  of  its  de- 
velopment in  Iowa.    New  York,  1896  ?    250  pp. 
An  excellent  study  of  the  history  of  railroad  legislation  and  commission 
regulation  in  Iowa;  of  interest  for  all  public  utilities. 


62 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


itt! 


Downey,  E.  H.    Regulation  of  urban  utilities  in  Iowa.    Iowa 
City,  191 2.    174  pp. 
Iowa  applied  history  series,  i,  no.  3. 

Ch.  i.  The  need  of  regulating  urban  utilities, 
ii.  The  failure  of  local  regulation, 
iii.  The  appropriate  organ  of  state  regulation, 
iv.  Public  service  commissions  in  the  United  States. 
V.  Urban  utility  regtdation  in  Iowa, 
vi.  Suggestions  for  effective  utility  regulation. 
An  excellent,  thoroughly  annotated  study  of  the  general  principles  of 
public  utility  regulation,  regulation  in  the  United  States  and  lowa^s 
experience. 

Cedar  Rapids 

Lazell,  F.  J.    Municipalizing  a  water  plant.  Public  Service,  iii, 
135-136  (1907)- 

Des  Moines 

Hanna,  J.  R.    Des  Moines'  street  railway  franchise.    Utilities 

Magazine,  i,  no.  6,  25-26  (191 6). 

On  franchise  litigation. 

Jenkins,  W.  C.    Des  Moines*  utilities.    Public  Service,  xvi,  85- 
93(1914). 
History  of  ten  years*  litigation,  illustrated  with  photographs. 

Dubuque 

McLean,  Charles.    Dubuque's  public  ownership  predicament. 
Public  Service,  i,  53-54  (1906). 

Iowa  City 

Dunlap,  J.  H.   The  water  meter  rates  of  Iowa  City.   Water  and 

Gas  Review,  xxvi,  20-23  (191 6). 

Abstract.     The  resiilts  of  an  investigation  for  the  city  council  of  a  pro- 
posed rate  schedule;  with  tables. 

Waterloo 

Marston,  a.    The  valuation  for  dty  purchase  of  the  property 
of  the  Waterloo  (la.)  waterworks  co.     Engineering  News, 

hd,  424-425  (1909)- 
Includes  tables  of  data. 


HISTORY  OF  UTIUTIES  AND  OF  REGULATION        63 

Kansas 

Ferrin,  a.  W.    Blue  sky  legislation.    Moody's  Magazine,  xv, 

221-226  (1913). 

A  popular  but  interesting  discussion  of  the  Kansas  law;   including  a 
proposed  model  bill. 

Kansas  City 

Morgan,  P.  W.    Municipal  water  and  light  plant  of  Kansas 

City,  Kansas.    Municipal  Engineering,  xlviii,  284-285  (1915). 

History  and  some  discussion;  illustrated  with  photographs. 

WooTAN,  J.  B.    Kansas  City,  Kansas,  m.  o.  light  plant  is  crowd- 
ing Cleveland  as  prize  failure.     Public  Service,  xx,  38-40 
(1916). 
Analysis  of  operating  results. 

Sylvan  Grove 

Seng,  A.  W.    Selling  water  at  a  profit.    Municipal  Engineering, 

xliv,  580^582  (1913). 

A  description  of  the  Sylvan  Grove  municipal  water  and  light  plant. 

Topeka 

Smucker,  L.  L.    Topeka's  unsuccessful  lighting  plant.    Public 
Service,  i,  79-80  (1906). 

Kentucky 
Henderson 

Dannettell,  G.  W.    Gas  ownership  in  a  Kentucky  dty.  Public 
Service,  iii,  77-79  (1907). 

Louisiana 

Donaldsonville 

IVENS,  E.  M.     Donaldsonville,  La.,  electric  light  and  water- 
works plant.    Power,  xxxix,  432-435  (1914). 
An  engineering  description,  illustrated  with  photographs  and  diagrams. 

New  Orleans 

Dodge,  L.  A.    The  public  belt  railroad  of  New  Orleans.    Ameri- 
can City,  V,  328-331  (191 1). 
A  brief  account,  with  one  photograph. 


64 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


New  Orleans  —  continued. 

Earl,  G.  G.    Water  rates.    Proc,  American  Waterworks  Asso- 
ciation, xxxi,  173-189  (1911). 

Discussion:  pp.  18^216.     A  somewhat  elementary  discussion  of  prin- 
ciples, with  an  analysis  of  rates  for  New  Orleans  for  illustration. 

McLouGHLiN,  J.  J.    New  Orleans.    Annals  of  the  American 
Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  xxvii,   21 1-2 13 

(1906). 

In  The  relation  of  the  American  municipalities  to  the  gas  and  electric 

light  supply:  a  symposium. 

Very  brief  description  of  the  services. 

Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and 

Social  Science,  xxx,  580-582  (1907). 

In  The  relation  of  the  municipality  to  the  water  supply:  a  symposium. 

Very  brief  historical  and  descriptive  accoimt  of  the  water  service. 

Wolff,  Solomon.    Public  service  corporations  of  New  Orleans. 
Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 
Science,  xxxi,  96-104  (1908). 
Descriptive. 

Opelousas 

Jones,  A.  C.    Light  and  water  plant  of  Opelousas,  Louisiana. 

Municipal  Engineering,  xlvii,  202-206  (1914)- 

A  popular  historical  account  of  operation  and  management  difficulties; 
with  one  photograph. 

Opelousas'  municipal  lighting  plant.     Power,  xli,  41-42 

(1915)- 

Description  of  the  plant,  illustrated  with  photographs. 

Maryland 
Baltimore 
Burnett,  Douglass.    Differential  gas  rates  in  Baltimore.    Gas 

Age,xxxvii,  137-140  (1916). 

Semi-technical;  with  a  niunber  of  charts. 

Ford,  H.  J.    Baltimore.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of 
Political  and  Social  Science,  xxx,  567-569  (1907). 
In  The  relation  of  the  municipality  to  the  water  supply:  a  symposium. 
Brief  historical  and  descriptive  account  of  the  water  service. 


HISTORY  OF  UTIUTIES  AND  OF  REGULATION         6$ 

Massachusetts 

Adams,  A.  D.  Cost  of  light  in  municipal  and  private  gas  and 
electric  plants.  Municipal  Engineering,  xxiii,  160-164  (1902). 
A  statistical  comparison  of  the  cost  in  Massachusetts. 

Equipment  and  operation  of  municipal  electric  light  plants 

in  Massachusetts.     Municipal  Engineering,  xxiii,  434-436 

(1902). 

An  historical  statistical  study. 

Gas  versus  electricity.     Electrical  World  and  Engineer, 

xxxviii,  676-678  (1901). 

Discussion  of  the  relative  amounts  of  business  done  by  gas  and  electric 

companies.    Massachusetts  used  for  illustration;  includes  tables  and 

a  chart. 

Investments  and  earnings  of  municipal  electric  plants. 

Municipal  Engineering,  xxiv,  344-348  (1903). 
A  comparison  of  municipal  and  private  plants  in  Massachusetts,  with 
tables  of  statistics. 

,  and  Pritchard,  C.  F.    Massachusetts  electricity  works. 

(In  National  Civic  Federation.  Mimidpal  and  private  opera- 
tion of  public  utilities.  New  York,  1907.)  Pt.  II,  vol.  i, 
909-1213. 

Municipal  gas  and  electric  plants  in  Massachusetts.   Jour- 
nal of  Political  Economy,  x,  214-229  (1902). 
Historical  and  analytical  treatment;  with  tables. 

Political  Science  Quarterly,  xvii,  247-255  (1902). 

The  New  York  and  Massachusetts  commissions  of  gas  and 

electricity.   Electrical  World  and  Engineer,  xlvi,  97-98  (1905) . 

Regulation  of  electric  rates  in  Massachusetts.    Electrical 

World  and  Engineer,  xlvi,  391-392,  442-443»  484-486  (1905)- 
Gives  the  facts  and  rulings  in  various  cases  before  the  conunission,  with- 
out discussion. 

Regulation  of  gas  and  electric  rates  in  Massachusetts. 

Electrical  World  and  Engineer,  xlvi,  310-311, 348-349  (i90S)- 
Gives  the  facts  and  rulings  in  various  gas  rate  cases  before  the  conmiis- 
sion,  without  discussion. 


66 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTILITIES 


Allen,  W.   S.     Street  railway  franchises  in  Massachusetts. 
Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 
Science,  xxvii,  91-110  (1906). 
Detailed  historical  account. 

Street  railways:    development  of  street  railways  in  the 

commonwealth  of  Massachusetts.    ?,  1899  ?    26  pp. 

Battey,  C.  T.     Electric  freight  in  Massachusetts.     Aera,  ii, 
236-240  (1913). 
An  historical  sketch,  illustrated  with  photographs. 

Beandeis,  L.  D.     The  experience  of  Massachusetts  in  street 
railways.    Mimicipal  Affairs,  vi,  721-729  (1903). 

Bullock,  C.  J.    Control  of  the  capitalization  of  public  service 
corporations  in  Massachusetts.    Publications,  American  Eco- 
nomic Association,  3d  series,  x,  384-415  (1909). 
Discussion:  pp.  415-430.    A  good  description  of  the  Massachusetts 
method,  and  the  reasons  therefor. 

Calkins,  Grosvenor.    The  Massachusetts  anti-stock-watering 
law.   Quarterly  Journal  of  Economics,  xxii,  640-645  (1908). 
A  brief  account  of  the  act  of  1908. 

Eastman,  J.  B.  The  public  service  commission  of  Massachu- 
setts.  Quarterly  Journal  of  Economics,  xxvii,  699-707  (1913). 

An  historical  discussion,  with  an  account  of  the  powers  of  the  new  com- 
mission. 

The  public  utiliries  commissions  of  Massachusetts.    Proc, 

National  Conference  for  Good  City  Government,  1908:  288- 

307. 

A  discussion  of  the  conmiissions  and  their  work. 

{In  King,  C.  L.  The  regulation  of  municipal  utilities. 

New  York,  191 2.)    276-295. 
Revised  reprint. 

Friedman,  H.  G.    The  taxation  of  corporations  in  Massachu- 
setts.   Columbia  University  Studies  in  History,  Economics 
and  Public  Law,  xxvii,  405-577  (1907). 
Taxation  of  public  service  corporations:  pp.  502-535. 

Gray,  J.  H.  Competition  and  capitalization  as  controlled  by  the 
Massachusetts  gas  commission.  Quarterly  Journal  of  Eco- 
nomics, xv,  254-276  (1901). 


HISTORY  OF  UTILITIES  AND  OF  REGULATION        67 

Gray,  J.  H.  The  difficulties  of  control  as  illustrated  in  the  his- 
tory of  gas  companies.  Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of 
Political  and  Social  Science,  1900:  supplement,  33-59. 

Mainly  a  discussion  of  the  history  of  Massachusetts  gas  companies  and 
their  combination. 

The  gas  commission  of  Massachusetts.    Quarterly  Journal 

of  Economics,  xiv,  509-536  (1900). 
Historical  study. 

McGrath,  D.  J.    Actual  returns  in  the  past.    Aera,  iv,  714-722 

(1915). 

In  Topical  discussion  on  rate  of  return  on  electric  railway  capital. 

History  in  Massachusetts,  with  diagrams.   An  interesting  study. 

Return  on  Massachusetts  investment.    Electric  Railway 

Journal,  xlvii,  256-259  (1916). 
Abstract;  illustrated  with  charts. 

Marks,  W.  D.    Capitalization,  assets  and  profits  of  Massachu- 
setts gas  companies.    {In  Practical  rate  making  and  appraise- 
ment.   South  Hadley,  1914  ?)    252-269. 
A  statistical  study,  with  tables. 

The  cost  of  electricity.     Electrical  World,  Ivi,  265-269 

(1910). 

Supplementary  to  his  "  The  price  of  electricity." 

The  price  of  electricity.     Electrical  World,  liv,  555-559 

(1909). 

An  interesting  technical  argument  for  the  use  of  the  Marks  sliding  scale; 
includes  tables  and  charts  of  Massachusetts  experience,  and  formulae. 

Ripley,  W.  Z.   The  capitalization  of  public  service  corporations. 

Quarterly  Journal  of  Economics,  xv,  106-137  (1900). 

A  thorough,  fully  annotated  study;  discusses  railroads  only,  but  is  of 
some  interest  for  other  utilities.  Considerable  attention  is  paid  to 
practice  in  Massachusetts. 

ScovELL,  C.  H.   A  report  on  the  policies  and  administrative  work 

of  the  commissions  regulating  public  service  companies  in 

Massachusetts.    Boston,  191 1.    45  pp. 

Report  to  the  governor  of  Massachusetts. 

Chiefly  of  historical  interest.  The  writer  recommends  a  single  public 
utility  conmiission  to  secure  uniformity  and  more  expert  service. 


1  i' 


68 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OP  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


\  Y 


ll|i 


III 


II 


Wamlen,  B.  W.  The  state  and  the  street  railway:  one  success- 
ful solution  of  the  problem  of  their  mutual  relations.  Green 
Bag,  xvii,  33-42  (1905). 

An  historical  and  descriptive  account  of  the  Massachusetts  system  of 
traction  regulation. 

Wrightington,  S.  R.     Taxation  of  "guaranteed"  stock  in 

Massachusetts.    Green  Bag,  xxiv,  8-17  (191 2). 

An  account  of  an  attempt  of  the  Boston  and  Maine  railroad  to  dodge 
bond  taxation  by  issuing  '^  guaranteed  stock." 

AtUehorough 

Beckhard,  Bruno.    Attleborough,  an  object  lesson.    Arena,  xl, 

100-104  (1908). 

A  popular  article,  composed  chiefly  of  quotations  from  the  current 
reports. 

Boston 

Adams,  A.  D.   The  first  electric  light  plant  in  Boston.   Electrical 

World  and  Engineer,  xxxvi,  954  (1900). 

Descriptive. 

Brandeis,  L.  D.    How  Boston  solved  the  gas  problem.    Ameri- 
can Review  of  Reviews,  xxxvi,  594-598  (1907). 
On  the  application  of  the  sliding  scale  to  the  Boston  gas  companies. 

Brush,  M.  C.    A  great  dty  system.    Aera,  ii,  36-45  (1913). 

An  account  of  the  history  and  development  of  the  Boston  elevated  rail- 
way company,  illustrated  with  photographs. 

CoNANT,  W.  B.    Mimicipal  water  plant  derives  income  from 

water  power.    Mimidpal  Engineering,  xlix,  117  (1915). 

An  account  of  the  sale  of  power  from  the  Sudbury  station  of  the  Boston 
metropolitan  waterworks. 

Gray,  J.  H.    The  control  of  quasi-public  enterprises.    Boston, 
1906.    20  pp. 
An  historical  account  of  the  gas  supply  in  Boston;  popular. 

The  gas  supply  of  Boston.     Quarterly  Journal  of  Eco- 
nomics, xii,  419-446  (1898);  xiii,  15-44  (1898);  xiii,  292-313 
(1899);  xiv,  87-120  (1899). 
An  historical  study. 


HISTORY  OF  UTIUTIES  AND  OF  REGULATION        69 

Boston  —  continued. 

Hamlen,  E.  W.   Glasgow  and  its  municipal  tramways.   Moody's 
Magazine,  ii,  652-655  (1906). 
In  Municipal  ownership  and  operation:  symposium. 
A  brief  comparison  of  Glasgow  and  Boston  traction,  favoring  private 
ownership. 

Hartwell,  E.  M.    Boston.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy 
of  Political  and  Social  Science,  xxvii,  207-208  (1906). 
In  The  relation  of  the  American  municipalities  to  the  gas  and  electric 
light  supply:  a  symposium. 
Very  brief  description  of  the  services. 

HuNGERFORD,  Edward.    Rapid  transit  m  Boston  and  vicinity. 
Electric  Railway  Review,  xvii,  709-712  (1907). 
An  engineering  description  with  discussion  of  plans  for  future  extensions; 
illustrated  with  photographs  and  a  map. 

MooRE,  L.  E.     The  Cambridge  subway.    Engineering  News, 

Ixvi,  187-195  (1912). 

Description  of  engineering  features,  illustrated  with  photographs. 
PiNANSKi,  A.  E.     The  street  railway  system  of  metropolitan 

Boston.    New  York,  1908.    58  pp. 

History  of  traction  franchises;  a  thorough  study. 

Richards,  J.  L.  The  Boston  consolidated  gas  company:  its 
relation  to  the  public,  its  employees  and  investors.  Annals 
of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science, 
xxxi,  59-^5  (1908). 

A  brief  historical  account;  including  a  table  of  the  prices  paid  for  gas 
in  Boston  from  1828  to  1907. 

History  of  the  gas  industry  of  Boston.    Public  Service,  x, 

47-48(1911). 

Discusses  chiefly  the  improvement  in  relations  with  the  public  under 
new  management. 

WmxTEN,  R.  H.  The  Boston  sliding  scale  plan.  (/«  Regulation 
of  public  service  companies  in  Great  Britain.  New  York, 
1914.)    186-203. 

Wilcox,  D.F.    Municipal  franchises:  a  description  of  the  terms 
and  conditions  upon  which  private  corporations  enjoy  special 
privileges  in  the  streets  of  American  cities.   New  York,  1910- 
191 1.   2  vols. 
The  sliding  scale,  Boston,  i,  pp.  57-58,  560-564. 


70 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OP  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


HISTORY  OF  UTIUTIES  AND  OF  REGULATION        7 1 


;  I 


i  ]■ 


ilii 


Boston  —  continued. 

WiNSLOw,  WiLLARD.    Boston's  ncw  subway.   Municipal  Affairs, 

V,  427-432(1901). 

Popular  historical  account  of  the  mtmicipal  subway. 

Woods,  R.  A.,  and  Eastman,  J.  B.    The  Boston  franchise  con- 
test.   Outlook,  Ixxxiiy  835-841  (1906). 

Wrightington,  E.  N.    The  sliding  scale  method  of  regulating 
public  service  corporations.    Proc.,  National  Conference  for 
Good  City  Government,  1910:  103-108. 
A  popular  account  of  the  sliding  scale  applied  to  Boston  gas  companies. 

The  sliding  scale  method  of  regulation  as  applied  to  gas 

companies  in  Massachusetts.    {In  King,  C.  L.    The  regula- 
tion of  municipal  utilities.   New  York,  191 2.)    99-102. 
Revised  reprint. 

Great  Barrington 

Adams,  A.  D.    A  large  lighting  load  in  a  small  town.    Electric 

Age,  xxxvi,  445-446  (1906). 

An  historical  sketch  of  electric  lighting  in  Great  Barrington. 

Holyoke 

Adams,  A.  D.    The  Holyoke  case.    Quarterly  Journal  of  Eco- 
nomics, xvii,  643-668  (1903). 

The  writer  asserts  that  municipal  ownership  was  forced  on  Holyoke  by 
a  court  decision,  and  that  as  a  result  an  unreasonably  high  purchase 
price  was  paid. 

Marston,  Glenn.    Holyoke's  municipal  lighting  finances.  Con- 
cerning Mimicipal  Ownership,  iii,  87-89  (1908). 

TiGHE,  J.  L.   Water  consumption,  waste  and  meter  rates.  Proc., 

American  Waterworks  Association,  xxviii,  69-84  (1907). 

Discussion:  pp.  85-103.  On  the  experience  of  Holyoke;  with  tables 
and  charts. 

North  Brookfield 

Powell,  F.  W.    Two  experiments  in  public  ownership  of  steam 

railroads.     Quarterly  Journal  of  Economics,  xxiii,  137-150 

(1908). 

Troy,  N.  Y.,  and  North  Brookfield,  Mass. 

The  writer  states  that  the  first  was  a  failure;  the  second  a  success. 


Spencer 

Plattner,  William.    Spencer's  modem  street  lighting  contract. 
Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  5,  28-29  (1916). 

Taunton 

Adams,  A.  D.   The  largest  mimicipal  electric  plant  in  New  Eng- 
land.   Electrical  Review  and  Western  Electrician,  xlvi,  363- 
367  (1905). 
Engineering  description,  illustrated  with  photographs  and  diagrams. 

Worcester 

Marks,  W.  D.    The  law  of  demand  for  electricity:  reduction  of 
price  increases  profits.     {In  Practical  rate  making  and  ap- 
praisement.   South  Hadley,  1914  ?)     200-214. 
Chiefly  an  analysis  of  electric  rates  in  Worcester. 

Michigan 

Shields,  R.  H.    Railroad  taxation  problems.    State  and  Local 

Taxation,  19 10:  231-241. 

A  good  discussion  of  problems  in  Michigan,  with  suggested  remedies.  Of 
interest  for  all  public  utilities. 

Railway  taxation.    State  and  Local  Taxation,  1908:   263- 

269. 

Extracts  from  paper  before  Minnesota  academy  of  social  science. 

The  taxation  of  corporate  property  as  seen  in  the  taxation 


of  Michigan  railroads.    Proc,  Minnesota  Academy  of  Social 

Science,  i,  40-58  (1907). 

An  historical  account,  of  some  general  interest. 

Williams,  W.  H.    Railway  capital  and  values.    Railroad  Age 
Gazette,  xlvi,  761-762,  805-808,  845-846,  903-905  (1909). 
On  the  valuation  of  Michigan  railroads. 

Detroit 

Bemis,  E.  W.    Detroit's  efforts  to  own  her  street  railways.   Mu- 
nicipal Affairs,  iii,  473-490  (1899). 

Daly,  W.  M.    Public  lighting  plant  of  Detroit,  Mich.    Proc, 
American  Society  of  Mimicipal  Improvements,  1907:    109- 

"5. 

A  brief  historical  sketch  and  analysis  of  results 


I' 

f 

■'*■    i 


72 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  VTIUTIES 


#1 


Detroit  —  continued. 

Davis,  R.  K.    The  street  railway  situation  in  Detroit,  Mich. 

Proc,  American  Society  of  Municipal  Improvements,  1906: 

157-163. 

An  historical  sketch. 

Deacon,  W.  G.     Detroit  politics  halts  development.     Public 
Service,  xii,  125-128  (191 2). 
Traction  history  in  Detroit. 

De  Gonzega,  a.    Detroit's  street  railway  problem.    Moody's 
Magazine,  ii,  390-392  (1906). 
Comments  on  the  existing  situation. 

Fairlie,  J.  A.   Municipal  electric  lighting  in  Detroit.   Municipal 

Affairs,  iv,  606-613  (1900). 

Brief  statistical  analysis  and  comparison  with  other  cities,  favorable  to 
municipal  ownership  under  the  existing  conditions. 

(In  Essays  in  municipal  administration.   New  York, 

1908.)    219-229. 
Revised  reprint. 

Fenkell,  G.  H.    Description  of  Detroit  waterworks.    Proc., 
Central  States  Waterworks  Association,  191 2:  128-135. 
A  popular  account,  with  an  historical  sketch. 

FuLLERTON,  Irwin.    Do  low  fares  increase  riding  ?    Electric 
Railway  Journal,  xliii,  770  (1914). 

An  account  of  a  fare  reduction  experiment  made  by  the  Detroit  imited 
railway  company. 

Hayden,  J.  C.   The  street  railway  situation  in  Detroit.   Utilities 
Magazine,  i,  no.  5,  31-32  (191 6). 

Ingram,  F.F.  Municipal  lighting  in  Detroit.   Municipal  Affairs, 
vi,  823-825  (1903). 

Mimicipal  operation  in  Detroit.     Proc.,  National  C<m- 

ference  for  Good  City  Government,  1906:   249-253. 

Brief  analysis  of  the  results  of  the  municipal  lighting  plant,  the  writer 
favoring  municipalization. 

Should  the  people  or  the  corporations  light  out  cities  ? 

Arena,  xxx,  392-400  (1903). 

An  argument  for  municipal  ownership,  illustrated  by  a  comparison  of 
mimicipal  and  private  management  in  Detroit. 


HISTORY  OF  UTIUTIES  AND  OF  REGULATION         73 

Detroit  —  continued. 

Leake,  Paul.    The  street  railway  situation  in  Detroit.    Proc, 

National  Conference  for  Good  City  Government,  1910:  120- 

141. 

A  good  review  of  franchise  history  and  terms. 

LocKWOOD,  J.  E.     Analysis  of  municipal  electric  lighting  in 

Detroit.    Municipal  Affairs,  vi,  825-834  (1903). 

A  detailed  statistical  analysis,  the  conclusions  being  favorable  to  mu- 
nicipal ownership. 

Moore,  Charles.   Electric  lighting  in  the  city  of  Detroit.  Publi- 
cations, American  Economic  Association,  ii,  539-550  (1888). 

In  The  relation  of   modem    mimicipaUties    to  quasi-pubUc  works. 
Historical. 

Wilcox,  D.  F.    The  control  of  public  service  corporations  in 
Detroit.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and 
Social  Science,  xxxi,  42-58  (1908). 
Largely  historical,  with  considerable  franchise  discussion. 

Detroit.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political 

and  Social  Science,  xxx,  582-585  (1907). 

In  The  relation  of  the  municipaUty  to  the  water  supply:  a  symposium. 
Very  brief  historical  and  descriptive  account  of  the  water  service. 

Wilson,  Thomas.    Detroit's  municipal  lighting  plant.    Power, 
xl,  832-835  (1914). 

A  description  of  the  plant,  with  an  historical  sketch  and  operating  sta- 
tistics; illustrated  with  a  photograph  and  diagram. 

Grand  Rapids 

FooTE,  Mark.    Grand  Rapids*  municipal  water  plant.    Public 
Service,  ii,  37-40  (1907). 
An  historical  sketch;  the  writer  opposes  municipal  ownership. 

Grand  Rapids  to  quit  dty  lighting.   Public  Service,  ii,  136- 

137  (1907). 

A  brief  historical  sketch. 

Is  a  five  cent  street  car  fare  equitable  ?   Public  Service,  ix, 

139-141  (1910). 
Experience  in  Grand  Rapids. 


( 


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I 


74 


BIBUOGRAPBY  OP  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


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Grand  Rapids  —  continued. 

Wilcox,  D.F.  Grand  Rapids.  Annals  of  the  American  Academy 

of  Political  and  Social  Science,  xxvii,  220-222  (1906). 

In  The  relation  of  the  American  municipalities  to  the  gas  and  electric 

light  supply:  a  symposium. 
Very  brief  description  of  the  services. 

Holland 

GoNDEN,  H.  J.    Gas  at  less  than  cost.    Public  Service,  xi,  185- 

186(1911). 

An  account  of  conditions  in  Holland,  where  the  rates  allowed  under  the 
franchise  are  claimed  to  be  unprofitable. 

Kalamazoo 

Newbigging,  William.    The  Kalamazoo  situation.    American 

Gas  Light  Journal,  dii,  38-39  (191 5). 

Abstract  of  a  report  to  the  dty  of  Kalamazoo. 

A  brief  analysis  of  operating  results,  with  tables  of  statistics. 

Wilson,  Thomas.     Kalamazoo  municipal  plant.     Power,  xli, 

218-224  (19x5). 

An  engineering  description  of  the  mimicipal  street  lighting  plant,  with 
photographs  and  diagrams. 

Ypsilanti 

Hatch,  W.  B  .  A  successful  fight  for  a  municipal  gas  plant.  Amer- 
ican City,  xii,  49-52  (1915). 

Minnesota 

Gesell,  G.  a.    Minnesota  public  utility  rates:    gas,  electric, 

water.    Minneapolis,  1914.    254  pp. 

University  of  Minnesota,  Current  problems,  no.  3. 
By  cities,  for  each  service. 

Jones,  S.  P.  The  advisability  of  a  state  public  utilities  com- 
mission for  Minnesota.  Proc,  Minnesota  Academy  of  Social 
Science,  vi,  65-77  (1912). 

The  writer  favors  local  commissions  for  the  large  cities  and  a  state  com- 
mission having  jurisdiction  only  over  rural  conmiunities. 


HISTORY  OP  UTIUTIES  AND  OF  REGULATION         75 

Duluth 

Case,  L.  N.    Municipal  operation  in  Duluth,  Minn.    Proc., 

National  Conference  for  Good  City  Government,  1906:  244- 

248. 

A  brief  discussion  of  the  history  and  results  of  operation  of  the  municipal 
water  and  gas  plants,  the  writer  favoring  municipal  0¥niership. 

JOERNS,  W.  G.    Duluth.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of 

Political  and  Social  Science,  xxvii,  224-233  (1906). 

In  The  relation  of  the  American  municipalities  to  the  gas  and  electric 
light  supply:  a  symposium. 

Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and 

Social  Science,  xxx,  590-592  (1907). 

In  The  relation  of  the  municipality  to  the  water  supply:  a  symposium. 

Very  brief  historical  and  descriptive  account  of  the  water  service. 

Minneapolis 

Deacon,  W.  G.   Electric  rates  for  Minneapolis.   Public  Service, 

V,  107-110  (1908). 

History  of  the  controversy. 

Jones,  S.  P.     Lower  gas  and  electric  rates  in  Minneapolis. 
Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  5,  29-30  (1916). 
A  very  brief  account  of  a  current  reduction  in  rates. 

Minneapolis  gas  settlement.    Proc.,  National  Conference 

for  Good  City  Government,  1910:   142-155. 
A  popular  historical  account. 

The  Minneapolis  gas  settlement:   a  typical  struggle  for  a 

dty's  rights.    (In  King,  C.  L.    The  regulation  of  municipal 
utilities.  New  York,  191 2.)   56-72. 
Revised  reprint. 

Marks,  W.  D.  Recapitulation  of  report  upon  the  fair  and  rea- 
sonable price  of  a  6.6  ampere  magnetite  arc  light  per  year. 
(In  Practical  rate  making  and  appraisement.  South  Hadley, 
1914  ?)   60-113. 

A  detailed  study  of  street  lighting  rates  in  Minneapolis,  with  tables  of 
statistics. 

Wilcox,  D.  F.    Minneapolis  gas  settlement  ordinances.    (In 
Municipal  franchises.    New  York,  191 1.)    ii,  811-832. 
A  reprint  of  the  franchise  and  regulatory  ordinances  of  1910. 


76 


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HISTORY  OF  UTIUTIES  AND  OF  REGULATION 


77 


SL  Paul 

Feurtado,  R.  S.    The  fair  price  of  gas  at  St.  Paul.    Public  Ser- 
vice, iii,  173-179  (1907)- 

Missouri 
Kansas  City 
Arnold,  B.  J.    Foundation  principles  in  valuation.    Electric 

Railway  Journal,  xlvi,  7i3-7i9>  803-806  (19x5). 

Abstract. 
Foundation  principles  of  utility  valuation  with  special 

application  to  plans  for  resettlement.     Aera,  iv,   189-214 

(1915). 
Abstract. 

Foundation  principles  of  utility  valuation  with  special  ap- 


I  Hi 


plication  to  resettlement  plans.     Proc.,  American  Electric 
Railway  Association,  191 5:   139-187. 

Discussion:  pp.  188-198.    Notes  on  Kansas  City  traction  resettlement: 
pp.  174-175;  with  charts. 

CoBLEiGH,  C.  F.    Early  electric  railway  experiments  in  Kansas 
City.  Aera,  i,  331-335  (1912). 
Illustrated  with  two  photographs. 

Harzfeld,  J.  A.     The  utilities  commission  of  Kansas  City, 
Missouri.     (In  King,  C.  L.    The  regulation  of  municipal 
utilities.   New  York,  191 2.)    219-230. 
A  brief,  popular  account  of  the  commission  and  its  work. 

Kealy,  p.  J.    The  partnership  provisions  of  the  Kansas  City 
franchise.    Electric  Railway  Journal,  xliv,  691-694  (1914). 

Keith,  John.   Kansas  City's  waterworks  fiasco.   Public  Serx-ice, 

1,77-79(1906). 

A  brief  historical  sketch,  under  private  and  municipal  ownership. 

MuNAGLE,  F.  J.    The  Kansas  City  settlement.    Aera,  iii,  19-23 

(1914). 

Peters,  J.  W.  S.    Kansas  City  franchise  fight.    Proc.,  National 
Conference  for  Good  City  Government,  1910:  156-169. 


St.  Louis 

Baldwin,  R.  N.    The  St.  Louis  public  service  commission.    (Jn 

King,  C.  L.    The  regulation  of  municipal  utilities.    New 

York,  1912.)   231-249. 

A  popular  account  of  the  commission  and  its  work. 

Beckhard,  Bruno.    Municipal  lighting  in  St.  Louis.    Arena, 
xxxix,  470-472  (1908). 
A  very  brief  historical  sketch. 

Casey,  C.  C.    Municipal  lighting  at  St.  Louis.    Municipal  Jour- 
nal and  Engineer,  xxiv,  209-211  (1908). 
A  description  of  the  plants,  illustrated  with  photographs. 

EiSENMENGER,  H.  E.    Graphical  analysis  of  the  St.  Louis  resi- 
dence rates.    Electrical  World,  lix,  644-645  (191 2). 
Highly  technical  and  theoretical;  with  charts. 

Jenkins,  W.C.   The  public  utilities  of  St.  Louis.   Public  Service, 
xvi,  5-9  (1914). 
History  and  description,  illustrated  with  photographs. 

Spohrer,  H.  H.    Electric  rates.    Electrical  Review  and  Western 

Electrician,  Ix,  747-748  (191 2). 

On  a  new  schedule  of  electric  rates  adopted  by  the  Union  electric  light 
and  power  company  of  St.  Louis,  with  some  discussion;  technical. 

Nebraska 

HuRD,  E.  C.    The  organization  for  and  methods  and  results  of 
physical  valuation  in  Nebraska.    Engineering  and  Contract- 
ing, xxxvi,  694-696  (1911). 
A  general  discussion,  of  Uttle  other  than  historical  interest. 

Engineering  and  Contracting,  xxxviii,  136-^38  (191 2). 

Fremont 

Bremers,  H.  J. ,  Jr.   Municipal  light  and  water  plant  at  Fremont, 

Neb.    Municipal  Engineering,  Ixv,  119-121  (1913). 

A  description  of  the  plant,  with  one  photograph. 

Omaha 

Hodge,  W.  H.    Public  services  of  Omaha.    Public  Service,  i, 

3-14  (1906). 

Each  kind  of  utility  service  described  separately,  with  photograj^. 


I 


78 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


m 


t:  ':| 


I!  3> 


, 


f 


Omaha  —  continued. 

Mayo,  E.  W.    Omaha's  experience.    Moody's  Magazine,  ii,  659- 

662  (1906). 

In  Municipal  owneiship  and  operation :  symposium. 
History  of  mimidpal  ownership  and  accompanying  litigation;  opposes 
municipalization. 

New  Jersey 

Bergen,  Frank.    Restrictive  legislation  against  public  service 
corporations  in  New  Jersey.  Annals  of  the  American  Academy 
of  Political  and  Sodal  Science,  xxxi,  125-136  (1908). 
A  discussion  of  current  legislation. 

Daniels,  W.  M.    "  Law  that  has  teeth."    Public  Service  Regu- 
lation, i,  31-32  (1912). 
An  outline  of  the  provisions  of  the  public  utility  act. 

Hansel,  Charles.  The  valuation  of  railroads  in  New  Jersey. 
Engineering  Record,  bdii,  594-599  (191 1). 

Discusses  the  valuation  of  railroads  for  the  purpose  of  taxation,  with 
brief  reference  to  the  experience  of  other  states.  Of  some  interest  for 
municipal  utilities. 

New  York 

Adams,  A.  D.  The  New  York  and  Massachusetts  conunissions 
of  gas  and  electricity.  Electrical  World  and  Engineer,  xlvi, 
97-98  (1905). 

Anderson,  William.    The  work  of  public  service  commissions, 
with  special  reference  to  the  New  York  commissions.  Minne- 
apolis, 1913.    44  pp. 
University  of  Minnesota,  Current  problems  series,  no.  i.    Elementary. 

Blake,  H.  W.  The  problem  of  the  five  cent  fare.  Electric  Rail- 
way Journal,  xxxvi,  23-27  (1910). 

On  the  need  for  higher  fares  in  New  Yoik  state;  with  tables  and  one 
chart. 

Electric  Traction  Weekly,  vi,  730-734  (1910). 

Bru^RE,  Henry.  Public  utilities  regulation  in  New  York. 
Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 
Science,  xxxi,  1-17  (1908). 


HISTORY  OF  UTIUTIES  AND  OF  REGULATION         79 

Cawcroft,  Ernest.  The  constitutional  convention  and  New 
York's  fiscal  policy.     Moody's  Magazine,   xviii,    183-186 

(1915)- 

On  the  municipal  powers  and  constitutional  changes  needed  in  New 
York  state  to  aid  municipal  ownership. 

Coleman,  G.  S.    Special  franchise  taxation  in  New  York.  State 
and  Local  Taxation,  1907:  649-654. 
An  analysis  of  the  law  and  its  effect. 

Edwards,  H.  M.    Regulated  electric  light  accoimting.    Proc., 
National  Electric  Light  Association,  191 2 :  vol.  ii,  106-137. 
Discussion:  pp.  137-148.    A  critical  analysis  of  the  accounting  system 
prescribed  by  the  New  York  conmiission.  Technical. 

Fay,  E.  p.   Assessment  and  collection  of  school  taxes  on  property 
of  public  service  corporations.    Proc,  New  York  State  Con- 
ference on  Taxation,  191 6:  128-135. 
On  the  existing  confusion  in  New  York  state,  and  suggested  remedies. 

FooTE,  A.  R.    Regulation  of  public  utilities:   a  comparison  of 
the  New  York  and  Wisconsin  public  utility  bills.    Columbus, 
191 1.  36  pp. 
A  detailed  comparison  of  the  various  clauses;  with  a  short  bibliography. 

Ford,  F.  R.  The  theory  of  street  railway  rate  regulation  as  de- 
veloped in  the  Coney  Island  fare  case.  Proc,  American 
Street  and  Interurban  Railway  Association,  1910:  159-168. 
Discussion:  pp.  169-186. 

Electric  Railway  Journal,  xxxvi,  752-755  (1910). 

Abstract. 

Grant,  G.  R.   The  New  York  public  service  conunission  for  the 
second  district.    (Jn  King,  C.  L.   The  regulation  of  municipal 
utilities.    New  York,  191 2.)    326-341. 
Elementary. 

Hall,  B.  E.  Administrative  difficulties  of  the  special  franchise 
tax  law.  Proc,  New  York  State  Conference  on  Taxation, 
191 I :  177-184. 

Rowland,  H.  J.    A  year  of  "government  by  commission." 

Outlook,  xc,  483-490  (1908). 

A  popular,  but  interesting  account  of  the  conunissions'  work,  with 
answers  to  arguments  of  their  opponents. 


8o 


BIBUOGRAPBY  OP  MUNICIPAL  UTILITIES 


HISTORY  OP  UTIUTIES  AND  OP  REGULATION 


8l 


I  I 
'1 


! ;  . 


» 


Hunter,  C.  F.  Commission's  electrical  testing  outfit.  Public 
Service  Regulation,  i,  333-335  (1912). 

Description  of  the  testing  equipment  of  the  New  York  public  service 
commission  for  the  second  district,  illustrated  with  photographs. 

IviNS,  W.  M.,  and  Mason,  H.  D.  The  control  of  public  utilities: 
in  the  form  of  an  annotation  of  the  public  service  commissions 
law  of  the  state  of  New  York,  and  covering  all  important 
American  cases,  together  with  the  text  of  the  federal  inter- 
state commerce  act  and  the  rapid  transit  act  of  New  York, 
with  elaborate  indexes  of  the  same  and  numerous  comparative 
notes  and  cross  references  to  parallel  provisions  in  the  several 
acts.  New  York,  1908.  1149  pp. 
A  very  thorough  legal  work. 

Kennedy,  J.  S.  The  New  York  public  service  commissions. 
Forum,  xlviii,  584-595  (191 2). 

Lapp,  J.  A.  Public  utilities  —  control.  American  Political 
Science  Review,  i,  626-638  (1907). 

Analysis  and  comparison  of  the  New  York  and  Wisconsin  conmiission 
laws. 

Leonard,  C.  F.    Gas  service  regulation  in  New  York.    Public 

Service  Regulation,  i,  455-458  (191 2). 

Description  of  the  testing  equipment  and  methods  of  the  New  York 
public  service  conmiission  for  the  second  district,  illustrated  with 
photographs. 

McClellan,  William.  Diverted  efforts  of  commissions.  Ameri- 
can Gas  Light  Journal,  civ,  11 8-1 19  (191 6). 

The  writer  asserts  that  failure  of  the  New  York  commissions  to  properly 
regulate  rates  and  service  has  been  due  to  their  having  too  many  other 
duties. 

Maltbie,  M.  R.  The  fruits  of  public  regulation  in  New  York. 
Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 
Science,  xxxvii,  170-190  (191 1). 

On  the  work  of  the  commission,  and  the  service  and  other  improvements 
resulting. 

Mead,  E.  S.    The  public  service  commission  and  the  investor. 

Lippincott's  Monthly  Magazine,  xc,  764-768  (191 2). 

A  popular  discussion  of  the  control  of  capitalization  by  the  New  York 
commissions. 


Osborne,  T.  M.    The  New  York  public  service  commissions. 

Proc.,  National  Conference  for  Good  City  Government,  1908: 

269-287. 

A  discussion  of  the  provisions  of  the  law. 

The  public  service  commissions  law  of  New  York.    At- 
lantic Monthly,  ci,  544-554  (1908). 

The  public  service  conunissions  law  of  New  York  state. 

Proc.,  American  Political  Science  Association,  iv,  287-304 

(1907). 

Discussion:  pp.  324-335.    An  analysis  and  discussion  of  the  act. 

The  public  utility  law  of  New  York.    (In  King,  C.  L.  The 


regulation  of  mimicipal  utilities.    New  York,  1912.)    318- 

326. 

Revised  and  reprinted  from  Proc.,  National  Conference  for  Good  City 
Government. 

Pollock,  H.  M.    The  public  service  commissions  of  the  state  of 

New  York.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political 

and  Social  Science,  xxxi,  11 5-1 24  (1908). 

Stowe,  L.  B.    The  public  service  companies  and  the  people. 
Outlook,  xcv,  515-521  (1910). 

Whitney,  F.  N.    Centralized  assessment  of  public  utilities  in 
New  York.    Proc,  New  York  State  Conference  on  Taxation, 
1915:  191-201. 
A  discussion  of  the  tax  laws  now  in  force  and  the  need  of  reform. 

Whitney,  T.  H.   The  New  York  City  public  service  commission. 

Proc.,  American  Political  Science  Association,  v,  96-110 

(1908). 

An  excellent  account  of  the  provisions  of  the  act. 

New  York  public  utilities.    Public  Service  Regulation,  i, 

127-128(1912). 

The  public  service  commissions  act  of  New  York,    Green 


Bag,  xix,  412-424  (1907). 
A  detailed  analysis  of  the  act. 

Whitten,  R.  H.    The  work  of  the  public  service  commission  for 
the  first  district.  New  York.    (In  Kj^g,  C.  L.  The  regulation 
of  mimicipal  utiUties.    New  York,  191 2.)    341-377. 
Elementary. 


82 


BIBUOCRAPBY  OP  MVmCIPAL  UTIUTIES 


■  I 


h 


Wilcox,  D.  F.    The  crisis  in  public  service  regulation  in  New 

York.    National  Municipal  Review,  iv,  547-563  (1915). 

A  very  popular  historical  account  of  the  appointments  to  the  first  dis- 
trict commission.  Interesting  because  of  showing  the  effect  of  politics 
on  the  eflSdency  and  success  of  commissions. 

Needed  changes  in  the  public  service  laws  of  New  York. 

Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  2, 14-16  (1915). 

An  excellent  brief  discussion  of  the  division  of  functions  between  state 
and  local  regulation. 

Public  service  commission  situation  in  New  York.    Na- 


tional Municipal  Review,  v,  307-309  (1916). 

A  supplementary  note  to  "  The  crisis  in  public  service  regulation  in 
New  York." 

Williams,  Harrison.  Assessment  of  railroads  and  other  public 
service  corporations.  Proc.,  New  York  State  Conference  on 
Taxation,  191 1 :  185-191. 

Si  I' 

Aiibum 

AcKERMAN,  J.  W.    Municipal  electrical  conduit  system  of  the 
dty  of  Auburn,  N.  Y.    Proc.,  American  Society  of  Municipal 
Improvements,  1907:   123-128. 
A  brief  historical  sketch,  illustrated  with  photographs. 

Buffalo 

Richardson,  A.  C.    Buffalo.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy 

of  Political  and  Social  Science,  xxx,  571-575  (1907). 

/«  The  relation  of  the  mimidpality  to  the  water  supply:  a  symposium. 
Brief  historical  and  descriptive  account  of  the  water  service. 

Camden 

Phelps,  L.  F.    Municipal  lighting  plant  operated  by  oil  engine. 
Municipal  Engineering,  xliv,  311-312  (1913). 

Elmira 

DivEN,  J.  M.     Special  fire  protection  rates  and  regulations, 
Elmira,  N.  Y.    Proc.,  American  Waterworks  Association, 
zzvii,  460-462  (1907). 
Includes  the  schedule  of  rates. 


HISTORY  OP  UTIUTIES  AND  OF  REGULATION        83 

New  York 

Blake,  A.  D.   New  York  City's  power  problem.   Power,  xxxviii, 
286-290  (1913). 

A  description  of  the  Hall  of  records  power  plant,  which  supplies  a  group 
of  municipal  buildings;  illustrated  with  photographs  and  a  diagram. 

BowKER,  R.  R.     The  piracy  of  public  franchises.     Atlantic 
Monthly,  Ixxxviii,  463-482  (1901). 
A  popular  historical  account  of  franchise  granting  in  New  York  City. 

Municipal  AflFairs,  v,  886-904  (1901). 

Reprint. 

Brashears,  W.  F.    New  York  City's  subway  crisis.    Public  Ser- 
vice, x,  69-72  (1911). 
Discussion  of  the  alternative  of  a  single  system  or  two  systems. 

CoLER,  B.  S.    Shall  New  York  own  its  subways  ?    New  York's 
debts  and  assets.    Outlook,  Ixxix,  934-938  (1905). 
An  account  of  the  financial  obstacles  to  constructing  great  public  works, 

with  suggestions  for  overcoming  them;  popular. 
See  also  R.  F.  Cutting,  "  Shall  New  York  own  its  subways  ?  " 

Cutting,  R.F.  Shall  New  York  own  its  subways  ?  A  calm  view 
of  the  rapid  transit  situation.  Outlook,  bodx,  93 1-934  (1905) . 
A  brief  historical  sketch  of  the  building  of  the  New  York  subways,  and 

a  consideration  of  the  possibility  of  municipal  operation  of  future 

subways;  popular. 
See  also  B.  S.  Coler,  "  Shall  New  York  own  its  subways  ?  " 

Floy,  Henry.    Appraisals  of  public  utility  properties  in  greater 

New  York.    (In  Valuation  of  public  utility  properties.   New 

York,  1912.)    218-232. 

Composed  largely  of  tables  of  valuation  results,  taken  from  the  reports 
of  the  appraisals. 

FooTE,  A.  R.    No  government  should  operate  an  industry.   Mu- 
nicipal Affairs,  i,  245-289  (1897). 
A  reply  to  E.  M.  Grout,  "  New  York  City  should  own  the  gas  supply." 

Foster,  Roger.    The  taxation  of  the  elevated  raihroads  in  the 
city  of  New  York.    New  York,  1883.    61  pp. 
Largely  composed  of  quotations  from  reports  and  decisions. 

Gaynor,  W.  J.    New  York's  subway  poUcy.    Municipal  Affairs, 
V,  433-438(1901). 


84 


BIBUOGRAPBY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIBS 


HISTORY  OF  UTIUTIES  AND  OF  REGULATION 


8S 


11 


nHr 


New  York  —  continued. 

Grout,  E.  M.  New  York  City  should  own  the  gas  supply.  Mu- 
nicipal Affairs,  i,  225-244  (1897). 

A  popular  study. 

For  a  reply,  see  A.  R.  Foote,  "  No  government  should  operate  an  in- 
dustry." 

Maltbie,  M.  R.  Analysis  of  the  rapid  transit  contracts  between 
the  city  of  New  York  and  the  Interborough  rapid  transit  com- 
pany, and  the  N.  Y.  municipal  railway  corporation.    New 

York  ?    1913.    25  pp. 

Report  to  the  New  York  public  service  commission  for  the  first  district. 

A  century  of  franchise  history.    Municipal  Affairs,  iv,  194- 

206  (1900). 

A  summary  appended  to  Gustavus  Myers,  "  History  of  public  franchises 
in  New  York  City." 

Franchises  of  electrical  corporations  in  greater  New  York. 

New  York,  191 1.    237  pp. 

Report  to  the  New  York  public  service  commission  for  the  first  district. 

A  very  complete,  classified  study. 

A  rapid  transit  policy  for  greater  New  York.  Proc,  Na- 
tional Conference  for  Good  City  Government,  1909:   390- 

402. 

An  historical  sketch,  with  discussion  of  the  work  of  the  rapid  transit 
commission. 

(In  King,  C.  L.  The  regulation  of  municipal  utilities. 


New  York,  191 2.)    120-136. 
Revised  reprint. 

Marks,  W.  D.    Quantity  rates  for  electricity.    (In  Practical 
rate  making  and  appraisement.    South  Hadley,  1914  ?)   ii4~ 

143- 

Discusses  chiefly  electric  rates  in  New  York  City.    A  detailed  study, 
with  many  tables  and  charts. 

Monroe,  R.  G.    City  of  New  York.    Annals  of  the  American 
Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  xxvii,   200-202 

(1906). 

In  The  relation  of  the  American  mimidpalities  to  the  gas  and  electric 

light  supply:  a  symposium. 
Very  brief  description  of  the  services. 


New  York  —  continued. 

Monroe,  R.  G.    The  gas,  electric  light,  water  and  street  railway 
services  in  New  York  City.  Annals  of  the  American  Academy 
of  Political  and  Social  Science,  xxvii,  111-119  (1906). 
Descriptive  and  historical  account,  by  class  of  service. 

MoNTONY,  L.  G.    The  Ninety-sixth  street  power  station  of  the 
Metropolitan  street  railway  company  of  New  York  City. 
Trans.,  American  Society  of  Civil  Engineers,  xliv,  1 19-142 
(1900). 
A  technical  engineering  description,  with  diagrams  and  photographs. 

Murphy,  J.  J.    Franchise  grants  in  New  York  City.    Annals  of 
the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  xxxi, 
78-84  (1908). 
Historical  and  very  general. 

Myers,  Gustavus.  History  of  public  franchises  in  New  York 
City.    Municipal  Affairs,  iv,  71-193  (1900). 

An  extensive,  popular  account,  arranged  by  classes  of  utilities;   with 

tables  of  statistics. 
Includes  a  long  summary  by  M.  R.  Maltbie,  entitled  "  A  century  of 

franchise  history  "  (pp.  194-206). 

Nichols,  H.  P.  Progress  in  methods  of  granting  franchises  in 
New  York  City.    Philadelphia  ?    1907.    24  pp. 

Seabury,  Samuel.  Municipal  ownership  and  operation  of 
public  utilities  in  New  York  City.  New  York,  1905  ?  202  pp. 
Historical,  by  kind  of  utility. 

Warner,  J.  DeW.    Should  greater  New  York  operate  its  street 
railways  ?   Yes.    Mimicipal  Affairs,  i,  421-457  (1897). 
A  popular,  annotated  study. 

West,  Max.  The  franchises  of  greater  New  York.  Yale  Re- 
view, vi,  387-408  (1898). 

A  very  good  elementary  account  of  franchise  history  in  New  York,  with 
critical  conmients. 

Municipal  franchises  in  New  York.     (In  Bemis,  E.  W. 

Municipal  monopolies.     4th  edition.     New  York,   1904.) 

365-422. 

Historical  account,  by  class  of  utilities. 


86 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


HISTORY  OF  UTIUTIES  AND  OF  REGULATION        87 


New  York  —  continued. 

Whitney,  E.  B.   PubKc  ownership  in  New  York.    International 

Quarterly,  xii,  1-12  (1905). 

History  of  the  movement  for  mxmidpal  street  railways  in  New  York. 

Wilcox,  D.  F.    Elements  of  a  constructive  franchise  policy. 

Proc,  National  Conference  for  Good  City  Government,  1910: 

170-189. 

A  good  account  of  traction  franchise  history  in  New  York  City  and  dis- 
cussion of  a  proposed  franchise  policy. 

(In  King,  C.  L.    The  regulation  of  mimidpal  utilities. 

New  York,  191 2.)    137-164. 
Revised  reprint. 

The  New  York  subway  contracts.    National  Municipal 

Review,  ii,  375-391  (1913). 
Franchise  history  and  provisions. 

Report  upon  proposed  standard  form  of  franchise  for 

street  railroad  companies.    New  York,  1909.    26  pp. 

Report  submitted  to  the  New  York  public  service  commission  for  the 
first  district. 

Street  railway  franchises  in  greater  New  York.    (In  Mu- 
nicipal franchises.    New  York,  1 911.)    ii,  101-140. 
A  thorough  historical  study. 

Wright,  H.  C.    Development  of  transit  control  in  New  York 
City.   Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 
Science,  xxxi,  18-41  (1908). 
Good  for  franchise  history,  by  periods,  from  1850  to  date. 

Rochester 

Cutler,  J.  G.    Municipal  control  of  public  service  corporations. 

Proc,  National  Conference  for  Good  City  Government,  1906: 

291-297. 

Warner,  G.  E.    Public  ownership  of  lighting  plant.    City  Gov- 
ernment, vi,  50-52  (1899). 
On  miuiic4>al  ownership  history  in  Rochester  and  elsewhere. 


Syracuse 

Hamilton,  J.  H.    Syracuse  water  supply.    Municipal  Affairs, 

iv,  60-70  (1900). 

History  under  private  and  municipal  management,  favoring  municipal 
ownership. 

Hnx,  W.  R.  City  ownership  of  water  supply.  Mimicipal  Af- 
fairs, vi,  730-737  (1903)- 

An  historical  accoimt  of  the  Syracuse  waterworks  under  municipal  and 
private  operation. 

Troy 

Powell,  F.  W.    Two  experiments  in  public  ownership  of  steam 

railroads.    Quarterly  Journal  of  Economics,  xxiii,  137-150 

(1908). 

Troy,  N.  Y.,  and  North  Brookfield,  Mass. 

The  writer  states  that  the  first  was  a  failure;  the  second  a  success. 

Omo 

Francis,  G.  B.  Electric  railways  in  the  Ohio  valley  between 
Steubenville,  Ohio,  and  Vanport,  Pennsylvania.  Trans., 
American  Society  of  Civil  Engineers,  bdii,  73-90  (1909). 

Discussion:   pp.  91-99.     An  engineering  description,  illustrated  with 
photographs. 

Gaskill,  D.  L.    Ohio's  public  utility  law's  weakness.    Public 
Service,  xi,  49-51  (1911). 
A  brief  discussion  of  certain  sections  of  the  act. 

Howe,  F.  C.  Taxation  of  quasi-public  corporations  in  the  state 
of  Ohio,  and  the  franchise  tax.  Annals  of  the  American 
Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  xiv,  157-180  (1899). 
Treats  chiefly  of  railroad  taxation,  but  includes  municipal  utilities  also. 

Public  Service  Publishing  Company.  Complete  reports  on  mu- 
nicipally owned  utility  plants  in  the  state  of  Ohio.  Chicago, 
1914.    II  pamphlets. 

A  series  of  very  brief  reports,  each  considering  separately  the  plants  in 
a  number  of  cities.    Includes  balance  sheets  and  some  statistics. 

Radcuffe,  C.  a.    Public  utility  act  of  Ohio.    Public  Service 

Regulation,  i,  35  (191 2). 

An  accoimt  of  the  current  act  replacing  the  railroad  commission  by  a 
public  service  conunission. 


88 


BIBUOGRAPBY  OF  MUNICIPAL  VTIUTIES 


HISTORY  OF  UTILITIES  AND  OF  REGULATION 


89 


Roberts,  W.  H.    An  auxiliary  hydro-power  plant.    Aera,  iii, 

124-128  (1914). 

An  engineering  description  of  a  traction  development  in  Ohio,  illustrated 
with  photographs. 

SmLO,  T.  L.    Consolidation  of  public  utilities  in  Ohio.    Journal 
of  Political  Economy,  xviii,  388-392  (1910). 
An  interesting  account  of  current  developments. 

Akron 

Frost,  H.  H.    Description  of  Akron  waterworks  plant.    Proc., 

Central  States  Waterworks  Association,  191 2:   135-137. 

Discussion:  pp.  137-139- 

Cincinnati 

Jenkins,  W.  C.    The  public  utilities  of  Cincinnati.    Public  Ser- 
vice, xv,  187-188  (1913). 
Describes  the  influence  of  good  service  upon  the  growth  of  the  city. 

LowRiE,  S.  G.    Public  utility  problems  in  Cincinnati.    Utilities 
Magazine,  i,  no.  2,  7-14  (1915). 

May,  M.  B.    Cincinnati.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of 
Political  and  Social  Science,  xxx,  578-580  (1907). 
In  The  relation  of  the  municipality  to  the  water  supply:  a  symposium. 
Very  brief  historical  and  descriptive  account  of  the  water  service. 

Cleveland 

Ballard,  F.W.    The  Cleveland  municipal  lighting  plant.    Util- 
ities Magazine,  i,  no.  6,  9-16  (1916). 
History  and  analysis  of  results. 

The  design  and  operation  of  the  Cleveland  municipal  elec- 
tric light  plant.     Trans.,  American  Society  of  Mechanical 
Engineers,  xxxvi,  649-676  (1914)- 
Discussion:  pp.  676-^91.    Includes  photographs,  tables  and  charts. 

Bemis,  E.  W.    Cleveland.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of 
Political  and  Social  Science,  xxx,  569-571  (1907). 
In  The  relation  of  the  municipality  to  the  water  supply:  a  symposium. 
Very  brief  historical  and  descriptive  account  of  the  water  service. 

The  Cleveland  street  railway  settlement.    Quarterly  Jour- 
nal of  Economics,  xxiv,  550-560  (1910). 


Cleveland  —  continued. 

Bemis,  E.  W.  The  franchise  situation  and  the  referendima  in 
Cleveland.  Proc,  National  Conference  for  Good  City  Govern- 
ment, 1902:  194-207. 

The  franchise  situation  in  Cleveland.    Municipal  Affairs, 

vi,  261-267  (1902). 
Reprint. 

The  street  railway  settlement  in  Cleveland.     Quarterly 


Journal  of  Economics,  xxii,  543-575  (1908). 
An  excellent  analysis  of  the  Taylor  settlement. 

Brashears,  W.  F.  Passing  of  three  cent  fares.  Public  Service, 
xvii,  101-103  (1914). 

Three  cent  car  fares  on  trial.    Public  Service,  xiv,  201-204 

(1913). 

An  analysis  of  results,  with  tables  of  statistics. 

Clough,  E.  B.    The  truth  about  Cleveland  traction.    Public 

Service,  ii,  133-135  (iQo?)- 
History  under  Mayor  Johnson. 

Davies,  H.  J.  Some  accounting  features  of  the  Cleveland  rail- 
way company's  franchise.  Proc,  American  Street  and  Inter- 
urban  Railway  Accountants'  Association,  1910:   125-150. 

Discussion:  pp.  150-154.    Of  accounting  interest  only;  includes  many 
tables. 

DooLiTTLE,  F.  W.  The  Cleveland  experiment.  (In  Studies  in 
the  cost  of  urban  transportation  service.    New  York,  1916.) 

355-438. 

An  excellent  study  of  the  history  of  Cleveland  traction  franchises  and 
fare  experiments. 

Railway  operation  in  Cleveland.   Electric  Railway  Journal, 

xlvii,  359-364  (1916). 

DuTFY,  C.  N.    The  Cleveland  railway  situation.    Proc.,  Ameri- 
can Electric  Railway  Association,  1913:   iia-123. 
An  excellent  analysis  of  the  ordinance  and  of  conditions  in  Cleveland. 

Aera,  ii,  350-362  (1913). 

Reprint. 


90 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


Cleveland  —  continued. 

DuPFY,  C.  N.    Economics  of  the  Cleveland  railway  situation  as 

developed  in  the  1913  arbitration  decision.    Electric  Railway 

Journal,  xlii,  770-773  (1913). 

Abstract. 

Failure  of  three  cent  car  fares.    Public  Service,  xv,  153-156 


(1913)- 
Abstract. 

Hayden,  W.  S.    The  street  railway  situation  in  Cleveland. 
Proc.,  National  Conference  for  Good  City  Government,  1909: 
403-416. 
An  historical  account. 

Hodge,  W.  H.  Three  cent  traction  service.  Public  Service,  v, 
67-76  (1908). 

Howe,  F.  C.     Municipal  ownership  in  Cleveland.     Moody's 

Magazine,  ii,  51 1-5 14  (1906). 

In  Municipal  ownership  and  operation :  symposium. 
Traction  history  in  Cleveland  under  Mayor  Johnson.    There  is  agita- 
tion only,  because  of  no  state  provision  for  mimidpal  ownership. 

Nash,  L.  R.    The  Cleveland  railway  situation.    Stone  and  Web- 
ster Journal,  xviii,  124-158  (1916). 
History  and  analysis,  with  data,  map  and  charts. 

Newcomb,  H.  T.   Cleveland's  street  raUway  problems.   Moody's 
Magazine,  ii,  507-510  (1906). 
/n  Municipal  ownership  and  operation:  sjrmposium. 

OssosKi,  Sidney.    The  basis  of  valuation  in  case  of  municipal 
purchase  of  street  railways.    Electric  Railway  Journal,  xxxvi, 
999-1000  (1910). 
Procedure  at  Cleveland  and  Chicago  used  for  illustration. 

SiDLO,  T.  L.  Cleveland  invalidity  clause:  a  new  development  in 
public  utilities  ordinances.  Journal  of  Political  Economy, 
xix,  124-128(1911). 

A  brief  account  of  the  clause  which  provides  that  if  any  of  the  rates  or 
provisions  of  the  franchise  are  declared  invalid,  the  corresponding 
power  is  to  be  in  the  city  council. 

Includes  a  reprint  of  the  franchise  section. 


HISTORY  OF  UTIUTIES  AND  OF  REGULATION         9 1 

Cleveland  —  continued. 

Springborn,  W.  J.    Municipal  electric  lighting  plants  for  Cleve- 
land, Ohio.    Municipal  Engineering,  xlvi,  14-15  (1914). 
On  the  results  of  operation. 

Municipal  ownership  of  water  plants.     Proc,   Central 

States  Waterworks  Association,  1913:  31-42. 

Stevens,  F.  E.  Cleveland.  Annals  of  the  American  Academy 
of  Political  and  Social  Science,  xxvii,  208-210  (1906). 

In  The  relation  of  the  American  municipalities  to  the  gas  and  electric 

light  supply:  a  symposium. 
Very  brief  description  of  the  services. 

Wilcox,  D.  F.  How  the  Chicago  and  Cleveland  street  railway 
settlements  are  working  out.  National  Municipal  Review,  i, 
630-638(1912). 

A  good  analysis. 

Engineering  News,  Ixviii,  526-529  (191 2). 

Abstract. 

The  street  railway  settlement  franchises  of  Chicago  and 

Cleveland.     (/«  Municipal  franchises.     New  York,  191 1.) 

ii,  141-191. 

A  thorough  historical  study. 

Williams,  A.  D.    Cleveland  municipal  electric  plants.    Power, 
xxxviii,  740-742  (1913)- 
A  description,  illustrated  with  photographs  and  diagrams. 

Wilson,  H.  W.    Three  cent  Hght  in  Cleveland.    New  York, 
1914.    II  pp. 

History  and  analysis  of  results  of  municipal  ownership  in  Cleveland. 
Includes  also  a  discussion  of  rates  and  costs. 

Witt,  Peter.  Public  favors  skip-stop.   Aera,  iv,  224-227  (1915). 
Brief  account  of  the  plan  used  by  the  Cleveland  railways. 

WooTAN,J.  B.    The  truth  about  Cleveland.    PubUc  Service,  xx, 
102-103,  105  (1916). 

Sutistical  analysis  of  the  results  of  the  municipal  electric  plant. 


ml 


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■  1 


92 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


Columbus 

Hodge,  W.  H.    Columbus:  a  city  in  the  dark.    Public  Service, 

i,  91-94  (1906). 

Description  of  the  municipal  street  lighting  in  Columbus. 

Wilson,  Thomas.  City  and  state  power  plants  at  Columbus, 
Ohio.    Power,  xlii,  322-326  (1915). 
A  description  of  the  various  power  plants,  illustrated  with  photographs. 

Hamilton 

Egbert,  H.  McC.    Failure  of  mimicipal  gas  plant.    Public  Ser- 
vice, i,  15-16  (1906). 

Newark 

Deacon,  W.  G.    The  public  utilities  of  Newark,  Ohio.    Public 

Service,  xiv,  5-10  (1913). 

History  and  description  of  the  service,  municipal  and  private;   illus- 
trated with  photographs. 


Springfield 

RiNKLiFF,  G.  L.     Springfield's  street  railway  franchise, 
nicipal  Journal  and  Engineer,  xxxiv,  578-579  (1913). 


Mu- 


Toledo 

Deacon,  W.  G.   A  three  cent  car  fare  test.    Public  Service,  xvi, 
141-142,157-160(1914). 

H.  L.  Doherty  ofiFers  to  allow  Toledo  to  operate  the  street  railways  for 
one  year. 

Lang,  A.  E.   The  Toledo  street  railway  situation.    Proc,  Ameri- 
can Electric  Railway  Association,  191 1 :  250-256. 
A  brief  account  of  traction  history  in  Toledo,  and  the  existing  situation. 

Public  Service,  xi,  157-159  (191 1). 

Abstract. 

Troy 

Pool,  L.  A.   Municipal  lighting  plant  of  Troy,  Ohio.   Municipal 
Engineering,  xliv,  197-201  (1913). 

A  description,  with  brief  conmient  on  financial  results;  illustrated  with 
photographs. 


HISTORY  OF  UTILITIES  AND  OF  REGULATION 


93 


Oklahoma 

BozELL,  H.  V.    Data  on  municipal  plant  operation  in  Oklahoma. 
?,  1916.    85  pp. 
Alphabetical,  by  cities. 

McKay,  E.  F.  The  Oklahoma  commission.  Public  Service 
Refgulation,  i,  29-30  (191 2). 

Oregon 

Dearborn,  R.  H.    Physical  valuation  of  electrical  properties  in 

Oregon.    Journal  of  Electricity,  Power  and  Gas,  xxviii,  49- 

50  (1912). 

Abstract.    The  valuations  made  by  the  Oregon  conunission  are  believed 
by  the  writer  to  be  uniformly  low. 

Eugene 

Marston,  Glenn.    Failure  of  municipal  plants  at  Eugene,  Ore. 

Public  Service,  xv,  63-65  (1913). 

A  popular  analysis,  the  writer  asserting  that  faulty  accounting  conceab 
the  facts;  illustrated  with  photographs. 

Meyers,  Alvin.    Eugene,  Ore.,  municipal  light  and  water  plant. 
Mimicipal  Engineering,  xliv,  427-428  (1913). 
A  brief  description  of  the  plant,  with  schedule  of  rates. 

Pennsylvania 

BowN,  C.  E.  Some  defects  in  the  present  Pennsylvania  statute 
on  public  utilities.  Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of 
Political  and  Sodal  Science,  liii,  45-53  (1914). 

Easthan,  F.  M.  The  taxation  of  public  service  corporations  in 
Pennsylvania.    Philadelphia,  1905.    46  pp. 

An  historical  and  critical  account  of  state  and  local  taxation,  with  quo- 
tations from  decisions,  tables,  and  an  index. 

Munson,  C.  LaR.     Pennsylvania  public  service  law.     Yale 
Law  Journal,  xxiii,  214-247  (1914). 
A  detailed  analysis  of  the  act. 

The  public  service  company  law  of  Pennsylvania  (ap- 
proved July  26,  1913) :  digested,  topically  arranged  and  in- 
dexed (with  a  copy  of  the  act).    Williamsport,  1913  ?    75  pp. 


94 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


Stratton,  I.  W.    State  and  local  regulation  in  Pennsylvania. 

Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 

Science,  Ivii,  175-185  (1915). 

A  criticism  of  the  commission  law,  because  of  too  much  power,  red  tape 
and  irresponsibility. 

Tener,  J.  K.   The  need  for  a  public  utilities  bill  in  Pennsylvania. 

National  Municipal  Review,  i,  401-403  (191 2). 

A  popular  article  advocating  a  commission  with  greater  powers  of  en- 
forcement of  its  findings. 

Trinkle,  W.  N.    The  public  service  company  law  of  Pennsyl- 
vania.   Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and 
Social  Science,  liii,  36-44  (1914). 
An  analysis  and  criticism  of  the  act. 

Wherry,  W.  M.,  Jr.    Four  public  utilities  laws  analyzed:  Illi- 
nois, Indiana,  Pennsylvania,  and  West  Virginia.     ?,  1913. 
91pp. 
Each  law  analyzed  separately  by  sections. 

WooDRUiT,  C.  R.  Recent  street  railway  legislation  in  Pennsyl- 
vania and  Philadelphia.  Municipal  Affairs,  v,  419-426  (1901). 
Brief  account  of  current  legislative  corruption. 

PkUadelpkia 

Bryce,  James.    The  Philadelphia  gas  ring.    {In  The  American 

conmionwealth.     Revised  edition.     New  York,  1910.)     ii, 

406-425. 

An  accoimt  of  political  corruption  in  Philadelphia. 

DiCKERMAN,  J.  C.    Lower  electric  rates  in  Philadelphia.  Ameri- 
can City,  xiv,  341-342  (1916). 
A  popular  account  of  litigation  before  the  conmiission. 

Hicks,  T.  L.  The  Philadelphia  gas  works  under  private  opera- 
tion.   World  Today,  xiii,  103  7-1040  (1907). 

A  very  brief,  popular  sunmiaiy  of  the  history  of  the  Philadelphia  gas 
plant  under  mimidpal  and  private  operation. 

Lewis,  E.  O.    Philadelphia's  relation  to  rapid  transit  company. 
Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 
Science,  xxxi,  600-611  (1908). 
A  discussion  of  the  contract  of  1907. 


HISTORY  OF  UTIUTIES  AND  OF  REGULATION        95 

PkUadelpkia  —  continued. 

McLain,  F.  D.    The  street  railways  of  Philadelphia.    Quarterly 

Journal  of  Economics,  xxii,  233-260  (1908). 

A  good  historical  treatment. 

Ringe,  H.  R.    Philadelphia.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy 

of  Political  and  Social  Science,  xxx,  562-567  (1907). 

In  The  relation  of  the  municipality  to  the  water  supply:  a  symposium. 
Brief  historical  and  descriptive  accoimt  of  the  water  service;  with  tables 
of  data. 

RoBBiNS,  Hayes.    Philadelphia  and  its  gas  works:  an  instance 
of  the  advantages  resulting  from  substituting  private  for 
municipal  control  of  a  public  utility.     World  Today,  vii, 
153^1542  (1904). 
Illustrated  with  photographs;  good. 

Rogers,  J.  L   Municipal  gas  in  Philadelphia.   Municipal  AflFairs, 

i,  730-744  (1897). 

A  popular  historical  account,  answering  the  claim  of  the  leasing  com- 
pany that  the  municipal  operation  was  inefficient.  Includes  tables  of 
statistics. 

Rowe,  L.  S.    The  mimicipality  and  the  gas  supply,  as  illustrated 

by  the  experience  of  Philadelphia.    Annals  of  the  American 

Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  xi,  301-323  (1898). 

Historical,  opposing  the  lease  of  the  municipal  gas  plant  to  a  private 
company.    Includes  tables  of  statistics. 

(In  Problems  of  dty  government.    New  York,  1908.) 

241-270. 

A  good  historical  account  of  municipal  and  private  ownership  of  gas  in 
Philadelphia;  includes  tables  of  statistics. 


The  relation  of  the  dty  of  Philadelphia  to  the  gas  supply. 

(In  National  Civic  Federation.  Mimidpal  and  private  opera- 
tion of  public  utilities.  New  York,  1907.)  Pt.  II,  vol.  i, 
588-664. 

Speirs,  F.  W.    The  Philadelphia  gas  lease.    Munidpal  Affairs, 
i,  718-729  (1897). 

A  popular  account  of  the  lease  of  the  municipal  plant,  which  the  writer 
claims  was  due  to  politics,  not  to  failure  of  mimidpal  operation. 


96 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


HISTORY  OF  UTIUTIES  AND  OF  REGULATION 


Philadelphia  —  continued. 

Speirs,  F.  W.  Street  railway  system  of  Philadelphia :  its  history 
and  present  conditions.  Johns  Hopkins  University  Studies 
in  Historical  and  Political  Science,  xv,  93-215  (1897). 

Taylor,  A.  M.  Philadelphia's  transit  problem.  Annals  of  the 
American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  Ivii,  28- 
32(1915). 

The  solution  of  a  city's  transit  problem.    Electric  Journal, 

xi,  514-542(1914). 

An  elaborate  study  of  traflSc  conditions  in  Philadelphia,  illustrated  with 
maps,  charts  and  tables.  Supplementary  to  the  report  of  the  transit 
commissioner,  1913. 

Wilcox,  D.  F.    Municipal  franchises:  a  description  of  the  terms 
and  conditions  uf)on  which  private  corporations  enjoy  special 
privileges  in  the  streets  of  American  cities.    New  York,  1910- 
191 1.    2  vols. 
On  the  lease  of  the  Philadelphia  municipal  gas  plant,  see  i,  pp.  566-572. 

Woodruff,  C.  R.  The  Philadelphia  gas  works:  a  modem  in- 
stance.   American  Journal  of  Sociology,  iii,  601-613  (1898). 

Philadelphia  street  railway  franchises.    American  Journal 

of  Sociology,  vii,  216-233  (1901)- 

Historical  discussion  of  corruption  in  traction  franchise  granting. 

Recent  street  railway  legislation  in  Pennsylvania  and  Phil- 
adelphia.   Municipal  Affairs,  v,  419-426  (1901). 
Brief  account  of  current  legislative  corruption. 

Pittsburgh 

Jenkins,  W.  C.  Unusual  traction  conditions  in  Pittsburgh. 
Public  Service,  xv,  5-10  (1913). 

A  description  of  conditions  and  their  effect  on  the  type  of  car  used,  illus- 
trated with  photographs. 

Tarentum 

Hudson,  Leo.  An  interesting  example  of  direct  competition 
between  pubUcly  and  privately  owned  waterworks  plants  in 
Tarentmn,  Pa.  Engineering  and  Contracting,  xliv,  162-163 
(1915)- 


97 


Rhode  Island 
Providence 

Francis,  G.  B.  The  street  railway  system  of  Providence,  Rhode 
Island,  and  vicinity.  Journal  of  the  Association  of  Engineer- 
ing Societies,  xxix,  29-40  (1902). 

Discussion:   pp.  41-42.     An  engineering  description,  illustrated  with 
photographs  and  diagrams. 

Lakey,  F.  E.    Providence.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of 

Political  and  Social  Science,  xxx,  588-590  (1907). 

In  The  relation  of  the  municipality  to  the  water  supply:  a  symposium. 
Very  brief  historical  and  descriptive  account  of  the  water  service. 

Sherman,  S.  A.    Providence.   Annals  of  the  American  Academy 

of  Political  and  Social  Science,  xxvii,  218-220  (1906). 

In  The  relation  of  the  American  municipalities  to  the  gas  and  electric 

light  supply:  a  symposium. 
Very  brief  description  of  the  services. 

South  Dakota 

Brookings 

SoRENG,  E.  M.    Cost  figures  from  Brookings,  S.  D.    Electrical 

World,  Ixii,  1321  (1913). 

A  description  of  the  municipal  electric  light  plant,  illustrated  with 
photographs. 

Tennessee 
Nashville 

Head,  J.  M.  One  mayor's  experience.  Proc,  National  Con- 
ference for  Good  City  Government,  1906:   269-276. 

A  popular  account  of  the  agitation  for  municipal  ownership  in  Nashville 
and  its  efifects,  the  writer  favoring  municipalization. 

Watson,  C.  C.    Nashville's  deteriorated  waterworks.    Public 
Service,  iii,  101-103  (1907). 
Description  and  history,  illustrated  with  photographs. 

Texas 

BuRDiCK,  R.  H.    Performance  of  diesel-engine  plants  in  Texas. 
Electrical  World,  Ixvii,  587-592  (1916). 
Operating  data  from  eight  stations;  with  charts,  tables  and  photographs. 


I 


4 


98  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTILITIES 

HaneYjL.H.   RaOway  regulation  in  Texas.   Journal  of  Political 
Economy,  xix,  437-455  (iQ"). 
A  discussion  of  the  railroad  commission  law;  of  some  general  interest. 

Paxton,  E.  T.    Public  service  rates  in  Texas  cities.    Austin, 
1915.    141  pp. 

Bulletin  of  the  University  of  Texas:  Municipal  research  series,  no.  10. 
Tables  of  rates  charged  for  water,  sewerage,  electric  light  and  power, 
telephone  and  traction.    Arranged  by  cities,  under  each  service. 

Potts,  C.  S.    Texas  stock  and  bond  law.    Annals  of  the  Ameri- 
can Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  Uii,  162-171 
(1914). 
History  and  discussion. 

Thompson,  R.  A.  Method  used  by  the  Railroad  commission  of 
Texas,  under  the  stock  and  bond  law,  in  valuing  railroad 
properties.  Trans.,  American  Society  of  Civil  Engineers,  lii, 
328-345  (1904). 

Discussion:  pp.  346-364.  A  brief ,  technical  description  of  the  methods 
used  in  taking  the  inventory,  with  illustrative  forms  and  tables. 

Bouston 

Sheldon,  P.  H.  Controversy  over  electric  rates  in  Houston, 
Texas.    Municipal  Engineering,  xlvii,  275-278  (1914). 

San  Antonio 

Potter,  Alexander.    An  important  waterworks  rate  and  ap- 
praisal investigation.    American  City,  viii,  65-73  (1913)- 
A  popular  account  of  an  appraisal  made  by  the  writer. 

Terrell 

Kelley,  Edwam).  Operating  a  central  station  against  municipal 
competition.    Public  Service,  xv,  33-36  (1913). 

Vermont 

Marston,  Glenn.  Vermont  public  utilities  bill.   Public  Service, 
vi,  109-110(1909). 
A  brief  arraignment  of  the  act. 


HISTORY  OF  UTIUTIES  AND  OF  REGULATION        99 

Burlington 

Marston,  Glenn.    Mimicipal  electric  competition,  Burlington, 
Vt.    Public  Service,  vi,  69-70  (1909). 
Description,  with  photographs  and  some  discussion. 

Municipal  ownership  in  Burlington,  Vermont.    Concerning 

Municipal  Ownership,  iv,  71-72  (1909). 

An  analysis  of  results  of  operation  of  the  municipal  electric  light  plant. 

St,  Albans 

Renner,  C.  J.    The  experience  of  a  small  dty  with  water  meters 

and  water  rates.    American  City,  xi,  474-478  (1915). 

Illustrated  with  tables  and  charts. 

Virginia 

Braxton,  A.  C.    The  Virginia  state  corporation  conmiission. 
American  Law  Review,  xxxviii,  481-499  (1904). 
An  historical  sketch  and  analysis  of  the  law;  technical. 

Magruder,  F.  a.  Recent  administration  in  Virginia.  Johns 
Hopkins  University  Studies  in  History  and  Political  Science, 
XXX,  11-199  (1912). 

Public  service  corporations:  pp.  147-162. 

A  good  historical  study  of  the  commissions  and  public  service  r^;ulation. 

DanviUe 

Rogers,  W.  O.     Danville  municipal  lighting  plant.     Power, 

xliii,  572-577  (1916). 

Engineering  description,  with  photographs,  diagrams  and  tables. 

Richmond 

WooTAN,  J.  B.    Richmond  street  lighting  plant.    Public  Service, 
xxi,  170-173  (1916). 
.    An  analysis  of  results. 

Washington 

Berglund,  Abraham.    Valuation  of  raibroads  in  the  state  of 
Washington.     Journal  of  Political  Economy,  xxi,  332-344 
(1913)- 
An  historical  account,  with  tables  of  residts;  of  some  general  interest. 


lOO 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


If 
It  ' 

I-; 


Smith,  J.  A.    Municipal  w.  state  control  of  public  utilities.    Na- 
tional Municipal  Review,  iii,  34-43  (1914). 

Arguments  against  exclusive  state  control,  including  brief  discussion  of 
the  Washington  law. 

Seattle 

Deacon,  W.  G.    Toll  of  politics.    Public  Service,  xvii,  71-72, 

82  (1914). 

A  popular  discussion  of  results  of  municipal  electric  lighting  in  Seattle. 

Gkambs,  W.  J.    The  inefl&ciency  of  municipal  ownership.  Stone 
and  Webster  Public  Service  Journal,  xvii,  321-348  (1915). 
History  and  anal3rsis  of  municipal  ownership  in  Seattle. 

KiDSTON,  W.  L.    Seattle  municipal  lighting  plant.    Power,  xli, 
182-185  (1915). 
An  engineering  description,  with  photographs  and  diagrams. 

Marston,  Glenn.     Electric  rates  in  Seattle,  Wash.     Public 

Service,  xv,  27-30  (1913). 

An  analysis  of  the  results  of  operation  of  the  municipal  electric  plant, 
with  charts. 

Seattle,  Wash.,  municipal  electric  plant.    Public  Service, 


xvi,  63-66  (1914). 

Reply  to  criticism  of  his  previous  article. 

Parker,  A.  M.    The  first  municipal  street  railway  in  America. 

Independent,  Ix,  1153-1157  (1906). 

A  brief  description  of  the  West  Seattle  mimicipal  railway;   illustrated 
with  photographs. 

Ross,  J.  D.    The  municipal  lighting  plant  at  Seattle,  Wash. 
Municipal  Engineering,  xlv,  464-467  (1913). 
A  brief  description,  with  a  diagram  and  photograph. 

Seattle,  Wash.,  mimicipal  light  and  power  plant.  Municipal 

Engineering,  xliv,  556-560  (1913). 

A  description  of  the  plant  and  its  operation,  with  tables  of  rates  charged; 
illustrated  with  a  photograph  and  chart. 

Smith,  J.  A.     Seattle.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of 
Political  and  Social  Science,  xxvii,  222-224  (1906). 

In  The  relation  of  the  American  municipalities  to  the  gas  and  electric 

light  supply:  asym[)osium. 
Very  brief  description  of  the  services. 


HISTORY  OF  UTIUTIES  AND  OF  REGULATION       lOI 

Spokane 

Marks,  W.  D.    Recapitulation  of  report  on  gas  rates  and  prices 
for  the  city  of  Spokane.    {In  Practical  rate  making  and  ap- 
praisement.   South  Hadley,  1914  ?)    11-59. 
A  detailed  study,  with  tables  of  statistics. 

Marston,  Glenn.    Spokane,  Wash.,  waterworks  heavy  loser. 
Public  Service,  xv,  101-103  (1913). 
A  brief  analysis  of  the  results  of  municipal  operation. 

Tacoma 

Richards,  R.  H.   Tacoma's  Nisqually  River  development.  Elec- 
trical World,  Ixii,  227-229  (1913). 

An  engineering  description  of  the  municipal  hydroelectric  station,  illus- 
trated with  photographs. 

West  Virginia 

Wherry,  W.  M.,  Jr.    Four  public  utilities  laws  analyzed:   Illi- 
nois, Indiana,  Pennsylvania  and  West  Virginia.     ?,  1913. 
91pp. 
Each  law  analyzed  separately  by  sections. 

Wheeling 

Deacon,  W.  G.    Sale  of  Wheeling  gas  plant  urged.    Public  Ser- 
vice, vi,  115-117  (1909). 

Lyons,  B.  F.    Mimicipal  ownership.    Progressive  Age,  xxiv,  39- 
46  (1906). 

Discussion  of  method  of  stud3ring  results  of  existing  municipal  plants, 
with  analyses  of  the  results  in  Wheeling,  Manchester  and  Sheflaeld 
for  illustration. 

Municipal  ownership  of  gas  works.   Municipal  Engineering, 


XXX,  49-58  (1906). 


Wisconsin 


Adams,  T.  S.    Valuation  of  railway  property  for  purposes  of 

taxation.    Journal  of  Political  Economy,  xxiii,  1-16  (1915). 

A  discussion  from  the  standpoint  of  Wisconsin  practice  and  experience. 
Of  some  interest  for  all  public  utilities. 


I02 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


Bryan,  W.  H.  Going  value  as  an  element  in  the  appraisal  of 
public  utility  properties.  Journal  of  the  Association  of  En- 
gineering Societies,  xliii,  147-158  (1909). 

Discussion:  pp.  286-288.  A  very  interesting  discussion  of  intangible 
values  as  considered  by  the  Wisconsin  commission,  and  by  J.  W.  Alvord 
in  his  ''Notes  on  going  value  and  methods  for  its  computation.'* 

Journal  of  Electricity,  Power  and  Gas,  xxiv,  31-35 

(1910). 
Reprint. 

Cadby,  J.  N.    Regulating  the  quality  of  public  utility  service. 
Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 
Science,  liii,  262-268  (1914). 
A  brief  description  of  the  Wisconsin  commission's  practice. 

Standards  for  gas  and  electric  service.     Public  Service 

Regulation,  ii,  94-99  (1913). 

An  outline  of  proposed  changes  in  the  service  standards  of  the  Wisconsin 
commission;  with  brief  discussion. 

Commons,  J.  R.  The  La  FoUette  railroad  law  in  Wisconsin. 
American  Monthly  Review  of  Reviews,  xxxii,  76-79  (1905). 

The  Wisconsin  public  utilities  law.    American  Review  of 

Reviews,  xxxvi,  221-224  (1907). 

Brief  popular  discussion  of  the  law  and  its  provisions. 

Cravath,  J.  R.  Demand  and  diversity  factors  and  their  influ- 
ence on  rates.    Electrical  World,  Ivi,  567-570  (1910). 

A  good  discussion,  with  tables  compiled  by  the  Wisconsin  commission; 
semi-technical. 

Crowley,  J.  C.  Control  helps  utilities.  Public  Service  Regu- 
lation, i,  181  (191 2). 

Dreher,  H.  W.    EflFect  of  utility  regulations  upon  the  banks. 
Public  Service,  xv,  21-22  (1913). 
On  the  beneficial  results  of  the  Wisconsin  public  utility  law. 

Erickson,  Halford.    The  indeterminate  franchise  or  permit. 

Electrical  Review  and  Western  Electrician,  kv,  224-227, 

283-285  (1914). 

A  general  discussion  of  the  indeterminate  permit  and  the  history  of  its 
use  in  Wisconsin. 


HISTORY  OP  UTILITIES  AND  OP  REGULATION       IO3 

Erickson,  Halford.     Methods  of  determining  life  of  public 

utilities.  Engineering  and  Contracting,  xxxviii,  448-450  (191 2). 

Abstract.  Treats  chiefly  of  methods  of  estimating  life  of  equipment 
used  by  the  Wisconsin  commission. 

Methods  of  providing  for  and  recording  depreciation.   En- 
gineering and  Contracting,  xxxviii,  506-511  (191 2). 

A  technical  discussion  of  the  accountancy  of  depreciation  of  the  Wis- 
consin commission;  with  tables. 

A  continuation  of  the  abstract  entitled  "  Methods  of  determining  life 
of  public  utilities." 

Rates  and  rate  making  under  the  Wisconsin  public  utility 

law.    Proc.,  American  Waterworks  Association,  xxxiii,  49-68 

(1913)- 

Discussion:  pp.  68-77.  "  My  purpose  here  is  to  explain  the  work  in- 
volved, the  facts  that  are  needed  and  the  methods  employed  in  making 
rates  for  waterworks  under  the  public  utility  law  in  Wisconsin." 

The  regulation  of  public  utilities  in  Wisconsin.    Journal  of 

the  Western  Society  of  Engineers,  xviii,  398-422  (1913). 

Discussion:  pp.  423-440.  A  good  elementary  description  of  the  work 
of  the  conmiission. 

Public  Service,  xiv,  135-138, 179-181  (1913). 


Abstract. 

Regulation   of   utilities   by   commission.      Railway   Age 

Gazette,  liv,  755-759  (1913)- 
Abstract. 

Wisconsin  method  of  depreciation  accounting.    Gas  Age, 

xxxiv,  113-117  (1914). 

EscH,  Fred.    Utility  law  variations.    Public  Service  Regulation, 
1,492-494(1912). 
A  comparison  of  the  California  and  Wisconsin  acts. 

Fairchild,  a.  W.  Review  of  recent  legislation  in  Wisconsin 
affecting  public  utilities.  Electric  Railway  Journal,  xxxix, 
145-146  (191 2). 

A  brief  description  of  the  stock  and  bond  law,  and  the  indeterminate 
permit  legislation. 


ti 


I04 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


III! 


f  ' 


f 


FooTE,  A.  R.   Regulation  of  public  utilities:  a  comparison  of  the 
New  York  and  Wisconsin  public  utility  bills.     Columbus, 
1911.    36  pp. 
A  detailed  comparison  of  the  various  clauses;  with  a  short  bibliography. 

GiLMOiiE,  E.  A.    The  Wisconsin  public  utilities  act.    Green  Bag, 

»x,  517-525  (1907). 

A  detailed  analysis  of  the  provisions  of  the  act. 

Holmes,  F.  L.    Regulation  of  railroads  and  public  utilities  in 

Wisconsin.    New  York,  191 5.    375  pp. 

Ch.  i.  Provisions  of  the  railroad  and  utility  laws. 

ii.  Commission  organization  and  procedure. 

iii.  Physical  valuation  of  railroads  and  utilities. 

iv.  Rate  of  return. 

V.  Standardization  of  service. 

vi.  Uniform  accounting, 

vii.  Depreciation, 

viii.  Putting  utilities  on  a  business  basis. 

X.  Making  of  utility  rates. 

zi.  Street  and  interurban  railwajrs. 

zii.  Electric,  gas  and  heating  utilities, 

xiv.  Water  utilities. 

XV.  The  indeterminate  permit  and  convenience  and  necessity  laws, 

zvi.  Regulation  of  stocks  and  bonds, 

zvii.  Water  power  legislation. 

XX.  State  control  of  municipally  owned  plants, 

xxi.  State  V5.  local  control, 

xxii.  Does  regulation  retard  investments  ? 

xxiii.  Conunission  and  the  courts, 

xxiv.  Conclusion. 
A  very  good  elementary  account  of  the  work  of  the  commission. 

Regulation  that  regulates.     Independent,  Irviii,  905-910 

(1910). 

A  popular  account  of  the  Wisconsin  conmiission  and  its  work;   with 
portraits  of  the  conmiissioners. 

HxTDNALL,  G.  H.    Public  service  commission  law  of  Wisconsin. 
Proc,  American  Political  Science  Association,  iv,  316-323 

(1907)- 

Johnson,  R.  V.    Workings  of  Wisconsin  commission.    Public 
Service,  xii,  129-132,  145-146  (191 2). 

Treats  chiefly  of  the  resulting  benefits,  and  includes  extracts  from  re- 
marks of  various  utility  managers. 


HISTORY  OP  UTIUTIES  AND  OF  REGULATION      1 05 

King,  C.  L.    Minnesota  home  rule  and  Wisconsin  regulation. 

National  Municipal  Review,  iii,  564-572  (1914). 

A  reply  to  Minnesota  home  rule  league's  "  Regulation  of  public  util- 
ities in  Wisconsin." 

A  good  discussion  of  the  work  of  the  Wisconsin  commission,  and  results 
therefrom. 

Lapp,  J.  A.  Public  utilities— control.  American  Political  Science 
Review,  i,  626-638  (1907). 

Analysis  and  comparison  of  the  New  York  and  Wisconsin  commission 
laws. 

Larson,  C.  M.    State  regulation  of  municipally  owned  plants. 
Journal  of  the  American  Waterworks  Association,  ii,  515-537 
(1915). 
On  the  benefits  of  regulation  of  municipally  owned  plants,  especially 

as  to  service.    lUustrated  by  results  in  Wisconsin,  with  tables  of 

statistics. 

Lewis,  H.  T.    Interest  and  profits  in  rate  regulation:  the  prac- 
tice of  the  Wisconsin  railroad  commission.    Political  Science 
Quarterly,  xxvii,  239-259  (1912). 
A  good  analysis,  with  many  quotations  from  cases  before  the  commission. 

Mathews,  G.  C.    Wisconsin  water  rates.    Public  Service  Regu- 
lation, i,  33-35  (1912). 
Discussion  of  the  methods  and  procedure  used. 

Meyer,  B.  H.    State  supervision  of  electric  railways  in  Wiscon- 
sin.  Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 
Science,  xxxvii,  160-169  (191 1). 
Relates  to  service  requirements  in  particular. 

What  the  Wisconsin  utilities  commission  has  done.    Con- 
cerning Mimicipal  Ownership,  iii,  27-28  (1908). 
Abstract. 

The  Wisconsin  public  utilities  commission.    {In  King,  C.  L. 

The  regulation  of  municipal  utilities.     New  York,  191 2.) 

296-317. 

Reprinted  from  Proc.,  National  Conference  for  Good  City  Government. 

The  Wisconsin  public  utilities  law.    Proc,  National  Con- 
ference for  Good  City  Government,  1908:  257-268. 

An  account  of  the  work  of  the  commission  and  the  resulting  benefits* 
with  one  table. 


ri 


u 


i 


io6 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


Meyer,  B.  H.    The  Wisconsin  public  utilities  law.     Electric 

Railway  Journal,  xxxiii,  103-104  (1909). 
Abstract. 

Miller,  W.  E.  Ashland  water  rate  decision  explained.  Engi- 
neering Record,  Ixxi,  805-807  (191 5). 

On  decisions  of  the  Wisconsin  commission  refusing  to  accept  4  per  cent 
as  an  adequate  return,  and  revising  rates. 

The  individuality  of  public  utilities,  notably  waterworks. 

Journal  of  the  American  Waterworks  Association,  i,  614-628 

(1914). 

A  tabular  comparison  of  population  served  and  length  and  size  of  mains 
for  various  Wisconsin  plants,  illustrating  the  difficulty  of  directly 
comparing  values  or  rates.    Includes  charts  and  discussion. 

Minnesota  Home  Rule  League.  Regulation  of  public  utilities  in 
Wisconsin :  an  analysis  of  the  system  and  the  results.  Minne- 
apolis, 1 914.   46  pp. 

A  brief  arraignment  of  the  commission;  imconvincing. 
For  a  reply  see  C.  L.  King,  **  Minnesota  home  rule  and  Wisconsin 
regulation." 

Morgan,  W.  O.    The  indeterminate  permit  as  a  satisfactory 

franchise.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and 

Social  Science,  xxxvii,  142-159  (1911).^ 
Discussion  of  the  Wisconsin  experience  for  illustration. 

Mortimer,  J.  D.     The  Wisconsin  indeterminate  permit  law. 

Aera,  ii,  7-20  (1913). 

A  good  analysis  of  the  law,  including  a  reprint  of  the  statutory  provisions 
and  excerpts  from  court  decisions. 

Pence,  W.  D.  The  functions  of  a  technical  staff  in  public  utility 
regulation.  Proc.,  Indiana  Sanitary  and  Water  Supply  Asso- 
ciation, 1913:  I 14-142. 

Describes  the  work  of  the  Wisconsin  commission's  technical  sta£f  and 
includes  an  outline  of  the  inventory  used  and  of  the  form  of  organiza- 
tion. 

Functions  of  a  technical  staff  in  the  regulation  of  public 

utilities.    Engineering  Record,  Ixvii,  260-262  (1913). 
Abstract. 

The  valuation  and  inspection  work  of  the  joint  engineering 

staff  of  the  Wisconsin  tax  and  railroad  commissions.    Engi- 
neering News,  bd,  227-229  (1909). 
Abstract. 


,    HISTORY  OF  UTIUTIES  AND  OF  REGULATION      I07 

Pence,  W.  D.    Valuation  by  Wisconsin  state  engineers.    Public 
Service  Regulation,  ii,  127-130  (1913). 
Abstract. 

Wisconsin  service  inspection  and  improvement.     Public 

Service  Regulation,  ii,  167-171  (1913). 
Al^tract. 

The  work  of  the  joint  engineering  staff  of  the  Wisconsin 

tax  and  railroad  commissions.     Journal  of  the  Western 

Society  of  Engineers,  xiv,  73-100  (1909). 

Discussion:  pp.  loo-iii.    A  full  account  of  the  organization  and  work 
of  the  engineering  department. 

Engineering  Record,  lix,  10-12,  49-52,  73-75  (1909). 

Reprint. 

RoEMER,  J.  H.    The  causes  and  effects  of  a  public  utility  com- 
mission.   Public  Service,  xi,  37-39,  85-88  (1911). 
Treats  chiefly  of  the  regulation  of  service  by  the  Wisconsin  commission. 

Madison,  191 1.    25  pp. 


Certain  important  provisions  of  the  public  utilities  law  of 

Wisconsin,  and  the  results  of  their  operation.    Kansas  City  ? 
191 1  ?   20  pp. 

Methods  of  regulating  public  utilities.     Public  Service, 

xvii,  79-82  (1914). 

Some  features  of  state  regulation  of  public  utilities.    Madi- 
son, 1909.    25  pp. 

A  very  general  and  popular  article  on  regulation  and  the  work  of  the 
Wisconsin  commission. 

Salmon,  C.  B.    Wisconsin  public  utility  law:  its  operation  and 
results.    Proc.,  American  Waterworks  Association,  xxix,  163- 
171  (1909). 
Discussion:  pp.  171-183.   An  analysis  of  the  law,  by  clauses. 

Mimidpal  Engineering,  xxxvii,  27-31  (1909). 

Reprint. 

The  Wisconsin  utility  law:   its  benefits  and  restrictions. 

Proc,  Central  States  Waterworks  Association,  191 2:  97-109. 

Discussion:  pp.  109-112.    A  good  elementary  account  of  the  commis- 
sion's work,  including  a  brief  analysis  of  the  act. 


I* 

4 

:>« 
I 


4 

■•3) 


15     ' 


I08  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

SiEFERT,  C.  A.  Uniform  classification.  Public  Service  Regu- 
lation, i,  285-288  (1912). 

A  description  of  the  water  utility  accounting  under  the  Wisconsin  com- 
mission. 

Snider,  G.  E.  The  taxation  of  the  gross  receipts  of  railways  in 
Wisconsin.  Publications,  American  Economic  Association, 
3d  series,  vii,  521-658  (1906). 

Strait,  E.  N.  Wisconsin  commission  method  of  rate  making. 
Gas  Age,  xxxv,  263-268  (1915). 

i  Describes  the  "  mechanical  procedure  "  by  which  gas  and  electric  rates 
are  derived.    Includes  illustrative  tables  and  one  chart. 

Watkins,  G.  p.  Electrical  rates  in  the  opinions  of  the  Wisconsin 
commission.     Quarteriy  Journal  of  Economics,  xxvii,  373- 

378(1913)- 

Chippewa  Falls 

Gordon,  F.  G.  R.  Chippewa  Falls  defeats  municipal  ownership. 
Concerning  Municipal  Ownership,  ix,  103-105  (1916). 

Madison 

Heim,  J.  B.    Meter  rates.    Proc,  American  Waterworks  Asso- 

^     ciation,  xxiv,  251-267  (1904)- 

Discussion:  pp.  277-289.  An  account  of  a  rate  controversy  in  Madison; 
includes  an  elaborate  table  of  waterworks  statistics  and  charges  in 
various  American  cities. 

Municipal  ownership  of  waterworks.    Municipal  Engineer- 


ing, xvii,  87-90  (1899). 

History  of  the  mxmicipal  waterworks  of  Madison. 

Milwaukee 

Bernhard,  F.  H.    Milwaukee's  new  municipal  lighting  system. 

Municipal  Journal,  xl,  645-648,  683-685  (1916). 

Engineering  description,  illustrated  with  photographs. 

Butler,  J.  A.   Milwaukee.   Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of 
Political  and  Social  Science,  xxvii,  213-215  (1906). 
In  The  relation  of  the  American  municipalities  to  the  gas  and  electric 

light  supply:  a  symposium. 
Very  brief  description  of  the  services. 


HISTORY  OF  UTIUTIES  AND  OF  REGULATION       IO9 

If i/wa«ifee«  —  continued. 

Butler,  J.  A.    Street  railway  problem  in  Milwaukee.    Muma- 

pal  Affairs,  iv,  212-218  (1900). 
A  very  popular  historical  sketch. 
DooLiTTLE,  F.  W.    The  Milwaukee  experiment.    (/»  Studies  in 
the  cost  of  urban  transportation  service.    New  York,  1916.) 

439-467. 

An  excellent  study  of  traction  franchise  and  fare  history  in  Mawaukee. 

Miller,  W.  E.    Charges  for  pubUc  water  service  to  private  fire 
protection  systems.     Proc,  American  Waterworks  Associ- 
ation, xxxiii,  II 5-1 25  (1913)- 
A  discussion  of  the  charges  m  Milwaukee. 

Stearns,  R.B.   Zone  system  of  fares  in  practice.   Electric  Rail- 
way Journal,  xlv,  836-838  (1915)- 

A  good  analysis  of  the  results  of  six  months'  operation  in  Milwaukee, 
^ustrated  with  two  charts. 

PUUtmUe 

Butterworth,  W.  C.   The  cost  and  price  of  gas  m  a  smaU  aty. 

American  Gas  Light  Journal,  cii,  180-183  (1915)- 
An  elaborate  tabular  comparison  of  the  cost  and  rates  for  gas  in  Platte- 
ville,  with  some  discussion. 

Austria 

Fairlie,  J.  A.    Municipal  government  in  Vienna.    {In  Essays 
in  municipal  administration.    New  York,  1908.)    316-329- 
Discusses  municipal  ownership  briefly  (pp.  323-329)- 

Belgium 

WmsLOW,  A.  A.    City  ownership  of  street  cars  in  Liege.    U.  S. 
Consular  Reports,  Ixv,  no.  246,  332-334  (1901)- 
A  brief  account  of  the  city  purchase  and  leasing  of  the  tramways. 

Canada 

Beecher,  H.  W.    Kamloops'  steam  turbine  power  plant.    Mu- 
nicipal Journal,  xxxvii,  592-594  (1914)- 
An  engineering  description,  illustrated  with  photographs. 


tliTS 


\ 


4 
It? 


no 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


Bolton,  R.  P.    Cheap  electricity  in  Toronto.    Concerning  Mu- 
nicipal Ownership,  ix,  8-10  (191 6). 
Supplementary  to  "  Our  interest  in  Canadian  operations." 

Favoritism  in  rates.     Concerning  Municipal  Ownership, 

viii,  278-281  (1915). 

Supplementary  to  "  Our  interest  in  Canadian  operations." 

The  financial  methods  of  the  power  commission.     Con- 
cerning Municipal  Ownership,  viii,   230-233   (191 5). 
Supplementary  to  "  Our  interest  in  Canadian  operations." 

General  results  of  public  operation  in  Ontario.    Concern- 
ing Municipal  Ownership,  ix,  62-63  (19^6). 
Supplementafy  to  *^  Our  interest  in  Canadian  operations." 

Government    electric    railways.      Concerning    Municipal 

Ownership,  viii,  254-257  (191 5). 

Supplementary  to  "  Our  interest  in  Canadian  operations." 

Our  interest  in  Canadian  operations.     Concerning  Mu- 


nicipal Ownership,  viii,  206-209  (191 5). 
On  the  hydroelectric  power  conmiission  of  Ontario. 

Cannon,  L.  A.    Electric  franchises.    Canadian  Engineer,  xxiii, 
383-385(1912). 
A  sketch  of  franchise  history  in  Quebec. 

Chace,  W.  G.    Winnipeg  municipal  electric  system.    Engineer- 
ing News,  Ixviii,  12-20  (191 2). 
Engineering  description,  with  diagrams  and  photographs. 

Christie,  A.  G.     Calgary's  municipal  power  plant.     Power, 

xliii,  352-357,  389-390  (1916). 

Chiefly  descriptive,  but  includes  brief  discussion  of  rates  and  operation. 
Illustrated  with  diagrams  and  photographs. 

Lethbridge  mimidpal  power  plant.    Power,  xliii,  462-466 

(1916). 

Description,  with  photographs,  tables  and  a  diagram. 

Mimidpal  electrical  utilities  of  western  Canada.    Power, 

xliii,  378-381(1916). 

A  brief  survey  of  equipment  and  itemized  production  costs,  including 
tables,  and  conclusions  from  investigation. 


HISTORY  OF  UTIUTIES  AND  OF  REGULATION      III 

Christie,  A.  G.     Mimicipal  power  plant  at  Medicine  Hat. 
Power,  xliii,  138-142  (1916). 
Description,  with  photographs,  diagrams  and  tables. 

Munidpal  power  plant  operated  by  Saskatoon,  Canada. 

Power,  xliii,  606-609  (1916). 

Engineering  description,  with  photographs,  tables  and  a  diagram. 

Regina  mimidpal  power  plant.  Power,  xHi,  776-781  (1915). 


Engineering  description,  illustrated  with  photographs  and  diagrams. 

Curtis,  C.  E.  Taxation  of  street  railways  for  purposes  of  revenue 
and  control.    Yale  Review,  viii,  173-201  (1899). 
A  good,  technical  study.    Includes  tables  showing  the  practice  in  vari- 
ous cities  of  the  United  States  and  Canada. 

Gordon,  F.  G.  R.  The  seamy  side  of  a  famous  munidpal  en- 
terprise. Concerning  Munidpal  Ownership,  ix,  30-32  (1916). 
Anal3rsis  of  results  in  Winnipeg. 

The  truth  about  Calgary.    Concerning  Munidpal  Owner- 
ship, ix,  6  (1916). 
Analysis  of  the  results  of  the  various  munidpal  enterprises. 

Hardenburg,  W.  E.  Calgary's  municipal  street  railway.  Mu- 
nidpal Journal,  xxxix,  395-397  (1915)- 

A  description  and  discussion  of  operating  results,  illustrated  with  pho- 
tographs. 

HocKEN,  H.  C.    The  hydroelectric  system  in  Toronto.    Annals 

of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Sodal  Science, 

Ivii,  246-253  (1915). 

Brief  account  of  the  munidpal  plant. 

HoLLOWAY,  W.  R.     Munidpal  ownership  in  Canada.    U.  S. 
Consular  Reports,  Ixxv,  no.  285,  971-972  (1904). 
Current  statistics  on  munidpal  ownership  in  Canada. 

MacLean,   a.     Mimicipal   ownership  in  Edmonton.     Proc, 

American  Waterworks  Assodation,  xxix,  593-597  (1909). 

Discussion:   pp.  597-608.    An  outline  of  the  munidpal  activities  of 
Edmonton. 

McLean,  S.  J.    Railway  rate  regulation  in  Canada.    Forum, 
xxxiii,  419-429  (1902). 
A  brief  historical  review. 


112 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


Melling,  H.  T.    Operating  costs  for  municipal  gas-engine  plant. 

Power,  xliv,  13-14  (1916). 

Description  of  plant  and  operation  at  Edmonton,  illustrated  with  two 
photographs. 

Robinson,  S.  C.  What  would  be  a  proper  charge  for  service 
under  these  conditions  ?  Proc.,  American  Waterworks  Asso- 
ciation, xxviii,  545-547  (1908). 

A  very  hrief  discussion  of  rates  for  private  fire  protection  at  Walker- 
ville,  Ontario. 

» 

Sara,  R.  A.   Another  mimidpal  electric  plant  supplying  lighting 

current  at  3  cents  per  kw.-hr.    Engineering  News,  bodi,  655- 

656(1914). 

An  account  of  the  Winnipeg  plant,  with  tables  of  rates  and  operating 
statistics. 

Whitten,  R.  H.  The  Toronto  auction  sale  and  maximmn  divi- 
dend system.  {In  Regulation  of  public  service  companies  in 
Great  Britain.    New  York,  1914.)    204-218. 

France 

BiETTE,  L.  The  metropolitan  system  of  Paris.  Trans.,  Ameri- 
can Society  of  Civil  Engineers,  liv,  part  F,  299-324  (1904). 

Discussion:  pp.  367-376.  An  engineering  description  of  the  Paris 
metropolitan  subway  system,  illustrated  with  diagrams. 

Dary,  GeorS^s.     The  charges  for  electrical  energy  supply  in 
France.    Electrical  Review  (London),  brii,  1045-1046,  1086 
(1908). 
A  discussion  of  the  electric  rates  in  various  cities. 

HoLCOMBE,  A.  N.    The  electric  lighting  s)rstem  of  Paris.    Politi- 
cal Science  Quarterly,  xxvi,  122-132  (191 1). 
A  good  historical  account  of  the  municipal  and  private  plants. 

Leroy-Beaulieu,  Paul.  Public  ownership  in  France.  North 
American  Review,  cxcvii,  295-311  (1913). 

An  historical  anal3rsis  and  discussion  of  various  government  industries 
in  France,  railroads  and  public  utilities  being  included;  opposes 
public  ownership. 


HISTORY  OF  UTILITIES  AND  OF  REGULATION      II3 

Whitten,  R.  H.    The  Paris  subway  system:  with  special  refer- 
ence to  franchise  terms  and  conditions.    Engineering  News, 

Ixv,  70-75  (191 1). 

An  excellent  description;  includes  a  map. 

Germany 

Barnes,  C.  E.   Mimicipal  tramways  in  Cologne.   U.  S.  Consular 
Reports,  brviii,  no.  258,  369-370  (1902). 

A  very  brief  accoimt  of  the  municipal  purchase  and  operation  of  the 
tramways. 

Bassett,  E.  M.    Mimidpal  ownership  of  public  utilities  in  Ger- 
many.   American  City,  viii,  364-366  (1913). 
Abstract. 

Brooks,  R.C.  The  municipal  gas  works  in  Berlin.  Yale  Review, 

xiv,  361-373;  XV,  24-39  (1906). 
Detailed  historical  study;  with  tables  of  data. 

Municipalization  of  the  Berlin  electric  works.     Quarterly 

Journal  of  Economics,  xxx,  188-194  (191 5). 
Brief  historical  accoimt  of  the  plant  imder  private  ownership,  and  of  its 
recent  municipal  purchase. 

Dawson,  W.  H.    Trading  enterprises.     {In  Mimicipal  life  and 
government  in  Germany.   London,  1914.)    208-259. 
A  brief  historical  description  of  the  various  municipal  trading  enter- 
prises, public  utilities  being  treated  only  incidentally. 

De  Fodor,  Etienne.     Rates  for  electricity  supply.     Trans., 
International  Electrical  Congress,  ii,  500-512  (1904). 
Discussion:  pp.  512-517.    Includes  rates  in  German  cities. 

Du  Bois,  J.  T.    Municipal  electric  light  and  power  in  Germany. 
U.  S.  Consular  Reports,  Ixvi,  no.  211,  546  (1898). 
A  very  brief  list  of  cities  in  whidi  the  mimicipality  owns,  has  built  or 
leases  the  gas  and  electric  plants.    Of  historical  interest  only. 

Fairlie,  J.  A.    Municipal  conditions  in  some  European  cities. 
{In  Essays  in  mimicipal  administration.    New  York,  1908.) 

303-315. 

Historical  sketches  of  utility  conditions  in  various  German  cities. 

Heyn,  E.  T.   The  municipal  ownership  of  street  railways  in  Ger- 
many.   American  Monthly  Review  of  Reviews,  xxxv,  329- 

333  (1907)- 


1 


!1 


I 

I 


114         BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Heyn,  E.  T.    Recent  history  of  municipal  ownership  in  Germany. 
Municipal  Affairs,  vi,  614-621  (1903). 

Howe,  F.  C.    Socializing  the  means  of  transit.    {In  European 
cities  at  work.    New  York,  1913.)    177-188. 
A  very  popular  account  of  municipal  ownership  of  traction  in  Germany. 

James,  E.  J.    Municipal  gas  and  electricity  in  a  typical  German 
dty  —  Halle,  A.  S.    Municipal  Affairs,  iv,  574-594  (1900). 
History  and  analysis,  with  tables  of  data. 

Meyer,  H.  R.    Mimidpal  ownership  in  Germany.    Journal  of 

Political  Economy,  xiv,  553-567  (1906). 

An  annotated  historical  study,  with  tables  of  statistics.   Street  railways 
and  electric  lighting  are  discussed  separately. 

RowE,  L.  S.    Mimidpal  ownership  and  operation  of  street  rail- 
ways in  Germany.     Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of 
Political  and  Sodal  Science,  xxvii,  37-65  (1906). 
Good  critical  and  historical  account,  with  tables  of  statistics. 

{In  Problems  of  dty  government.    New  York,  1908.) 

281-329. 
Reprint. 

Tawney,  R.  H.    Munidpal  enterprise  in  Germany.    Economic 
Review,  xx,  423-437  (1910). 
A  good  economic  analysis;  with  tables  of  statistics. 

YouNGMAN,  Anna.    Frankfort-on-the-Main:    a  study  in  Prus- 
sian conmiimal  finance.     Quarterly  Journal  of  Economics, 
xxvii,  150-201,  329-372  (1913). 
Public  utilities  are  discussed  on  pp.  332-343. 

Great  Britain 

Aiden,  Percy.    Munidpal  ownership.     {In  Democratic  Eng- 
land.   New  York,  1912.)    192-214. 

Ashley,  Percy.    The  water,  gas,  and  electric  light  supply  of 

London.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and 

Sodal  Sdence,  xxvii,  20-36  (1906). 

Historical,  each  class  of  utilities  being  treated  separately;  brief  accotint 
of  mimidpalization;  tables  of  data. 


HISTORY  OF  UTIUTIES  AND  OF  REGULATION      US 

AvEBURY,  J.  L.    On  munidpal  and  national  trading.     New 

York,  1907.    177  pp. 

Discusses  loss  and  profit  from  municipal  public  utility  operation,  pp. 
73-89.    The  writer  opposes  municipalization. 

Balmforth,  Owen.    The  progress  of  munidpal  government. 
Westminster  Review,  clxxi,  272-280  (1909). 
History  and  discussion  of  mimicipal  ownership  in  Great  Britain. 

Bell,  Sir  James,  and  Paton,  James.    Glasgow:  its  munidpal 
organization  and  administration.    Glasgow,  1896.    426  pp. 

Ch.     v.  Public  lighting. 

xxvi.  G)rporationgasandelectridty. 
xxviii.  The  corporation  tramways. 
History  and  description  of  the  services. 

Bellamy,  C.  R.    Public  transportation:   with  spedal  reference 
to  Liverpool   tramways.     Munidpal  Affairs,   vi,    706-711 

(1902). 

An  historical  account,  with  tables  of  statistics.    Concludes  that  mu- 
nidpal ownership  has  been  successful. 

Blake,  H.  W.   Contrast  between  company  and  munidpal  owner- 
ship and  management  of  public  utilities.     Street  Railway 

Journal,  xxvi,  28-31  (1905). 

Considers  the  results  of  municipal  ownership  in  Great  Britain,  and  ap- 
plies them  to  conditions  in  the  United  States. 

Boyle,  James.     Munidpal  sodalism  in  England.     Mimidpal 
Journal  and  Engineer,  xiv,  267-269  (1903). 

Munidp^  sodalism  in  Great  Britain.     U.  S.  Consular 

Reports,  bdx,  no.  262,  375-3^5  (1902). 

An  account  of  the  munidpal  enterprises  in  various  dties,  public  util- 
ities being  discussed  only  incidentally. 

Munidpal  Affairs,  vi,  268-274  (1902). 


Reprint. 
Municipal  Journal  and  Engineer,  xii,  244-245;   xiii, 

9-10  (1902). 

A  discussion  of  municipal  trading  in  Liverpool,  public  utilities  being 
treated  only  inddentally. 

British  Board  of  Trade.    The  finandal  position  of  tramway  un- 
dertakings: owned  and  worked  by  munidpal  corporations  as 


I 


ii6 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


indicated  by  the  tramway  and  light  railways  return  of  the 
board  of  trade  for  1908-1909.    Tramway  and  Railway  World, 
xxvii,  185-188  (1910). 
An  analysis  of  English  municipal  ownership  statistics;  with  tables. 

Brooks,  Sydney.  Public  ownership  abroad.  Concerning  Mu- 
nicipal Ownership,  vi,  229-231  (1913);  vii,  157-160,  181-1S3 
(1914). 

BuRDETT,  E.  W.  The  agitation  for  mimidpal  ownership  in  the 
United  States:  its  origin,  meaning,  and  proper  treatment. 
Proc,  National  Electric  Light  Association,  1906:  vol.  i,  537- 

555. 

Includes  an  analysis  of  results  of  municipal  ownership  in  Great  Britain, 
which  the  writer  believes  less  successful  than  commonly  thought. 

Mimidpal  ownership  in  Great  Britain.   Journal  of  Political 


Economy,  xiv,  257-314  (1906). 

An  exceUent  and  thorough  study  of  results,  with  tables  of  statistics. 
The  writer  concludes  that  as  a  whole  mimidpal  ownership  there  has 
not  been  successful. 

CmsHOLM,  Samuel.     Mimidpal  enterprises.     Glasgow,  1901. 
70  pp. 
Descriptive. 

Clark,  W.  J.    British  mimidpal  tramway  conditions.    Aera,  i, 

658-664  (1913). 

The  writer  condudes  that  British  tramway  fares  are  but  little  below 
ours,  and  without  question  unprofitable. 

British  tramways.    (In  National  Civic  Federation.    Mu- 

nidpal  and  private  operation  of  public  utilities.    New  York, 

1907.)    Pt.  I,  vol.  i,  444-476. 

A  study  of  conditions  and  results  of  oi)eration. 

The  figures  in  the  case.    Public  Service,  iv,  89-94  (1908). 


—  Munidpal  ownership  in  Great  Britain  and  in  the  United 

States.     Proc.,  American  Street  and  Interurban  Railway 

Assodation,  1907:  271-284. 

A  comparison  of  English  and  American  street  railways,  with  analysis  of 
results.    The  condusions  are  strongly  in  favor  of  private  operation. 


HISTORY  OF  UTILITIES  AND  OF  REGULATION      II7 

Commons,  J.  R.,  and  Sullivan,  J.  W.  Labor  and  politics:  British 
gas,  electric  supply  and  tramways.  (In  National  Civic  Federa- 
tion. Munidpal  and  private  operation  of  public  utilities. 
New  York,  1907.)    Pt.  II,  vol.  ii,  550^27. 

Labor  and  politics:  gas,  electric  supply  and  tram- 
ways. (In  National  Civic  Federation.  Municipal  and  private 
operation  of  public  utilities.  New  York,  1907.)  Pt.  II,  vol. 
ii,  1-112. 

Ckawford,  N.  McD.,  and  Woodward,  J.  H.  Engineering 
matters:  British  tramways.  (In  National  Civic  Federation. 
Mimidpal  and  private  operation  of  public  utilities.  New 
York,  1907.)    Pt.  II,  vol.  ii,  453-474- 

Crawford,  Robert.    Glasgow's  experience  with  mimidpal  own- 
ership and  operation.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of 
Political  and  Sodal  Science,  xxvii,  1-19  (1906). 
Good  descriptive,  historical  and  critical  account. 

Daniels,  C.  N.    Munidpal  ownership  in  Shefl&eld.    U.  S.  Con- 
sular Reports,  no.  294,  64-67  (1905). 
A  brief  statistical  analysis. 

Darwin,  Leonard.  Munidpal  trade:  the  advantages  and  dis- 
advantages resulting  from  the  substitution  of  representative 
bodies  for  private  proprietors  in  the  management  of  industrial 

undertakings.    New  York,  1903.    464  PP- 
An  excellent  analysis,  with  some  discussion  of  results  in  Great  Britain. 
Indudes  a  few  tables  of  statistics. 

Davies,  F.  H.    British  central  station  rates.    Electrical  World, 

Iv,  628-629(1910). 

A  brief  but  interesting  discussion  of  the  various  rates  in  use  in  England.  • 

Donald,  Robert.    The  case  for  mimidpal  trading.     Contem- 
porary Review,  btxxiii,  485-500^  623-^39  (1903)- 
An  answer  to  various  arguments  against  munidpal  ownership  in  Great 
Britain,  with  an  analysis  of  results.    Indudes  tables  of  statistics. 

Recent  attacks  on  munidpal  ownership  in  Great  Britain. 

Munidpal  Affairs,  vi,  579-^i3  (1902). 

Historical  and  critical  analysis,  in  answer  to  attacks  on  municipal  owner- 
ship.  Indudes  many  tables  of  statistics. 


1 1 8  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Donald,  Robert.    Street  railways  in  British  towns:  municipal 

systems  compared  with  company  enterprises.     Mimidpal 

AflFairs,  iv,  31-39  (1900). 

A  popular  comparison  of  English  mimicipal  and  private  tramway  oper- 
ation, the  conclusion  being  favorable  to  municipal  ownership  under 
British  conditions  of  local  government. 

Success  of  mimidpal  ownership  in  Great  Britain.     Street 

Railway  Journal,  xxi,  30-35,  72-76  (1903). 

An  answer  to  statements  by  certain  opponents  of  municipal  ownership, 
with  illustrative  statistics. 

Fairlie,  J.  A.     Munidpal  activities  in  Great  Britain.     (/» 
Essays  in  munidpal  administration.    New  York,  1908.)    287- 
302. 
An  historical  discussion  of  municipal  ownership  in  various  cities. 

FoRSTALL,  A.  E.    Brief  history  of  gas  legislation  in  Great  Britain 
and  extracts  from  acts  applying  the  sliding  scale  and  auction 
dauses.   Proc,  American  Gas  Institute,  iv,  702-713  (1909). 
Appendix  to  "  *  Sliding  scale  *  regulations  of  prices  and  rates  of  dividend 
for  gas  companies." 

Gardiner,  W.  H.,  Jr.    The  London  sliding  scale  as  a  method  for 
the  government  regulation  of  public  service  corporations. 

Glasgow   (Corporation).     Handbook  on  the  municipal   enter- 
prises.   Glasgow,  1904.    147  pp. 

Gas:  pp.  1 1 2-1 14. 

Water:  pp.  114-119. 

Electricity:  pp.  120-124. 

Tramways:  pp.  125-129. 

On  the  history  and  present  status  of  municipal  ownership  in  Glasgow. 

GuYOT,  Yves.     Where  and  why  public  ownership  has  failed. 

New  York,  1914.   459  pp. 

Operation  of  gas  and  electricity  in  the  United  Kingdom:  pp.  127-135. 
Tramways  in  Great  Britain:  pp.  136-150. 

Hale,  R.  S.   Munidpal  ownership  in  England :   the  British  prob- 
lem  considered   from   an   American   viewpoint.      Cassier's 
Magazine,  xxxii,  3-11,  178-185,  237-249  (1907). 
An  analysis  of  the  results  of  munidpal  ownership  of  various  utilities. 

The  writer  concludes  that  the  municipal  enterprises  in  England  are 

well  run  but  with  little  initiative. 


HISTORY  OF  UTIUTIES  AND  OF  REGULATION      II9 

Hamlen,  E.  W.   Glasgow  and  its  munidpal  tramways.    Moody's 

Magazine,  ii,  652-655  (1906). 
In  Municipal  ownership  and  operation:  symposium. 
A  brief  comparison  of  Glasgow  and  Boston  traction,  favoring  private 
ownership. 
Hamm,  W.  C.    City-owned  street  cars.    U.  S.  Consular  Reports, 

no.  286,  121-125  (1904). 

A  brief  historical  sketch  and  description  of  the  tramways  in  Hull,  illus- 
trated with  photographs. 

Engineering  Record,  1,  173-176  (1904). 

Howe,  F.  C.    The  British  dty:    the  beginnmgs  of  democracy. 

New  York,  1Q07.  370  pp. 

Ch.  vi.  The  growth  and  extent  of  municipal  trading, 
vii.  The  cities  and  the  tramways, 
viii.  The  gas  supply, 
ix.  The  electricity  supply. 
The  chapters  listed  give  a  popular  survey  of  the  history  and  manage- 
ment of  municipal  utilities  in  Great  Britain.    The  writer  favors  mu- 
nicipal ownership. 
Does  munidpal  ownership  pay  ?   {In  The  dty:    the  hope 

of  democracy.  New  York,  1906.)   136-157. 

A  popular  analysis  of  the  results  of  municqwd  ownership  in  Great  Britain, 
the  writer  favoring  municipalization.    Indudes  some  tables  of  sta- 
tistics. 
European  dties  at  work.    New  York,  1913.    370  pp. 

Municipal  ownership  of  the  gas  supply:  pp.  328-333. 

Municipal  transit  in  Great  Britain:  pp.334"-344- 

Municipal  ownership  in  Great  Britain.    Bulletin  of  the 


Bureau  of  Labor,  no.  62, 1-123  (1906). 
A  thorough  historical  study  and  analysis;  good.   The  writer  favors  mu- 
nidpaUzation. 

James,  R.  C,  and  Turner,  E.  H.  General  remarks  upon  finan- 
cial conditions.  {In  National  Civic  Federation.  Munidpal 
and  private  operation  of  public  utilities.  New  York,  1907.) 
Pt.  II,  vol.  ii,  628-647. 

Jeckell,  J.  A.  The  supply  of  cheap  electrical  energy  for  indus- 
trial purposes.   Electrical  Engineer,  new  series,  xxxv,  707-710 

(1905). 

Chiefly  on  the  historical  development  of  the  electrical  industry  in  Great 

Britain,  and  the  desirability  of  a  cheap  supply  of  current.    Indudes 

tables  and  charts. 


I20 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


Klumpp,  J.  B.,  and  Winchester,  A.  E.  Engineering  matters: 
British  electricity  supply  works.  (In  National  Civic  Federa- 
tion. Municipal  and  private  operation  of  public  utilities. 
New  York,  1907.)   Pt.  II,  vol.  ii,  292-382. 

Knoop,  Douglas.   Principles  and  methods  of  municipal  trading. 
London,  191 2.   409  pp. 
A  thorough  critical  and  historical  study. 

Lowell,  A.  L.  Mimicipal  trading.  (In  The  government  of 
England.    2d  edition.    New  York,  191 2.)    11,233-267. 

A  good  general  discussion  of  municipal  trading,  public  utilities  being 
treated  only  incidentally. 

Lyons,  B.  F.    Municipal  ownership.    Progressive  Age,  xxiv,  39- 
46  (1906). 
Discussion  of  method  of  studying  results  of  existing  municipal  plants, 

with  analyses  of  the  results  in  Wheeling,  Manchester  and  Sheffield 

for  illustration. 

Municipal  ownership  of  gas  works.  Municipal  Engineer- 
ing, XXX,  49-58  (1906). 

Macassey,  Lynden.    Transportation  facilities  and  street  rail- 
way trafl&c  in  London.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of 
Political  and  Social  Science,  xxvii,  66-71  (1906). 
Brief  description,  with  statistics. 

McKekrow,  H.  G.     Some  results  in  municipal  ownership  in 
Great  Britain.    Arena,  xxxvii,  387-395  (1907). 
A  popular  analysis. 

For  a  reply,  see  Frank  Parsons,  "  Mr.  McKerrow's  argument  against 
municipal  ownership." 

Mahin,  F.  W.  Nottingham  municipal  tramway.  U.  S.  Con- 
sular Reports,  bodv,  no.  280,  82  (1904). 

On  the  results  of  operation;   the  writer  considers  municipal  operation 
highly  successful. 

Maltbie,  M.  R.     Gas  lighting  in  Great  Britain.     Mimidpal 

Affairs, iv,  538-573  (1900). 

A  general  historical  study  and  analysis.     Concludes  that  mimicipal 
ownership  ha^  been  more  successful  than  private. 

General  history  and  legislation:  British  electricity  supply 

works.    (In  National  Civic  Federation.    Municipal  and  pri- 


HISTORY  OP  UTIUTIES  AND  OF  REGULATION      121 

vate  operation  of  public  utilities.  New  York,  1907.)  Pt.  II, 
vol.  11,248-291. 

Maltbie,  M.  R.  General  history  and  legislation:  British  gas 
works.  (In  National  Civic  Federation.  Municipal  and  pri- 
vate operation  of  public  utilities.  New  York,  1907.)  Pt.  II, 
vol.  ii,  113-161. 

General  history  and  legislation:    British  tramways.     (In 

National  Civic  Federation.  Municipal  and  private  opera- 
tion of  public  utiHties.    New  York,  1907.)    Pt.  II,  vol.  ii, 

383-452- 
Glasgow's  mimicipal  tramways.     Municipal  Affairs,  iv, 

40-59(1900). 

A  brief  description  and  analysis,  with  tables  of  statistics. 

Municipal  and  private  management  of  gas  and  electricity 

in  Great  Britain.    (In  National  Civic  Federation.     Municipal 
and  private  operation  of  public  utilities.    New  York,  1907.) 
Pt.  I,  vol.  1,185-261. 
A  detailed  analysis  of  results. 

A  tale  of  two  cities:   water  supply  in  London  and  Phila- 
delphia.   Municipal  Affairs,  iii,  193-214  (1899). 
An  historical  and  comparative  study  of  the  private  supply  in  London 
and  the  mimicipal  supply  in  Philadelphia,  favoring  mimicipal  owner- 
ship; includes  tables  of  statistics. 

Taxation  of  gas,  electric  supply  and  tramway  undertakings 


in  Great  Britain.    (In  National  Civic  Federation.    Municipal 

and  private  operation  of  public  utilities.    New  York,  1907.) 

Pt.  n,  vol.  ii,  516-549- 
Marston,  Glenn.    Municipal  ownership  in  England.    Public 

Service,  xii,  45-46,  87-88,  187-188,  235-236  (191 2). 

General  discussion,  and  history  by  cities.    The  writer  concludes  that 
municipal  plants  in  England  as  a  rule  are  failures  both  financially  and 
as  to  service. 
Massachusetts  Legislature.    The  London  sliding  scale  of  prices 

and  dividends  as  applied  to  gas  companies.    Boston,  1906. 

85  PP- 

Report  of  a  special  committee  to  the  Massachusetts  legislature. 


122 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


Matthews,  Nathan.  Report  on  the  London  sliding  scale.  {In 
Gardiner,  W.  H.,  Jr.  The  London  sliding  scale  as  a  method 
for  the  government  regulation  of  public  service  corporations. 
?,?)    23-118. 

Mawdesley,  R.  T.    Municipal  electricity  supply  at  Johannes- 
burg.   Electrical  Review  (London),  Ixxviii,  89-91,  loo-ioi, 
i53-iSS»  165-166  (1916). 
An  eDgineering  description,  with  photographs,  diagrams  and  tables. 

Meyer,  H.  R.    Great  Britain's  lesson.    Moody's  Magazine,  ii, 
532-534  (1906). 
In  Municipal  ownership  and  operation:  symposium. 

Mimicipal  ownership  in  Great  Britain.    New  York,  1906. 

340  pp. 

An  historical  and  critical  study.    The  author  favors  private  ownership. 

Journal  of  Political  Economy,  xiii,  481-505  (1905). 

An  historical  and  analytical  study,  with  tables  of  statistics.  The  writer 
opposes  mimicipal  ownership.  Summary  of  several  chapters  of  his 
book  by  the  same  title. 

Public  Service,  xxi,  89-91  (1916). 


A  brief  selection  from  his  book  by  the  same  title. 

MiNSHALL,  T.  H.    London's  electrical  future.    Fortnightly  Re- 
view, Ixxxix  (new  series,  Ixxxiii),  498-511  (1908). 
The  history  of  the  electrical  supply  of  London,  and  its  municipalization. 

MoTT,  Basil,  and  Hay,  David.   Undergroimd  railways  in  Great 

Britain.    Trans.,  American  Society  of  Civil  Engineers,  liv, 

part  F,  325-348  (1904). 

Discussion:   pp.  367-376.    A  technical  engineering  description,  with 
many  diagrams. 

Newbigging,  William,  and  Klumpp,  J.  B .  Engineering  matters : 
British  gas  works,  (/n  National  Civic  Federation.  Municipal 
and  private  operation  of  public  utilities.  New  York,  1907.) 
Pt.  n,  vol.  ii,  162-207. 

Owen,  Mark.  Public  ownership  and  the  increase  of  taxation  in 
Great  Britain.    Concerning  Mimicipal  Ownership,  vi,  153- 

156  (1913)- 


HISTORY  OF  UTIUTIES  AND  OF  REGULATION      1 23 

Parsons,  Frank.  British  tramway  history.  {In  National  Civic 
Federation.  Municipal  and  private  operation  of  public  util- 
ities.   New  York,  1907.)    Pt.  II,  vol.  ii,  699-747. 

British  tramways.    {In  National  Civic  Federation.    Mu- 
nicipal and  private  operation  of  public  utilities.    New  York, 
1907.)    Pt.  I,  vol.  i,  261-302. 
A  detailed  analysis  of  the  results  of  operation. 

Glasgow's  great  record:  a  complete  history  of  the  pioneer 

experiment  in  municipal  ownership  of  street  car  service  in 

Great  Britain.  Arena,  xxxii,  461-472  (1904). 

Popular  account,  with  tables  of  statistics;  favors  municipal  ownership. 

Mr.  McKerrow's  argument  against  municipal  ownership. 

Arena,  xxxvii,  396-400  (1907). 

A  reply  to  H.  G.  McKerrow,  "  Some  results  in  mimicipal  ownership  in 
Great  Britain.'' 

Pearson,  George.    Municipal  trading.     Electrical  Engineer, 

new  series,  xxiii,  753-757  (1899). 

An  historical  account  and  anal3rsis  with  tables  of  statistics,  and  a  state- 
ment of  the  argimients  for  and  against  municipalization.  The  writer 
favors  mimidpal  ownership. 

Perkins,  F.  C.    Municipal  electric  railways  at  Wellington,  New 
Zealand.    Electrical  Review,  xlix,  247-f25o  (1906). 
A  description,  illustrated  with  photographs. 

Porter,  R.  P.   The  dangers  of  municipal  ownership.   New  York, 

1907-   356  pp. 

An  historical  study  of  municipal  ownership  in  Great  Britain,  with  ap- 
plication of  the  conclusion  to  conditions  in  the  United  States. 

The  dangers  of  municipal  trading.   London,  1907.   320  pp. 

An  English  reprint  of  "  The  dangers  of  municipal  ownership,"  with  two 
additional  chapters. 

Failure  of  municipal  ownership  in  England.    Street  Rail- 
way Journal,  xx,  153-158,  310-314  (1902). 

Rider,  J.  H.    Charges  for  supply  from  combined  lighting  and 

traction  stations.    Electrical  Engineer,  new  series,  xxxvi,  24- 

26  (1905). 

An  analysis  of  costs,  with  tables  of  rates  charged  in  various  Bn^i^ish 
cities. 


124 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTILITIES 


RoYSE,  C.  A.    Will  public  ownership  increase  or  diminish  politi- 
cal corruption  ?    Arena,  xxxviii,  373-384  (1907). 

An  historical  sketch  of  political  corruption  in  England  from  the  earliest 
times.  The  writer  concludes  that  public  ownership  of  monopolies 
will  decrease  corruption. 

Seabrook,  a.  H.   An  English  central  station  rate  system.    Elec- 
trical World,  liv,  919-921  (1909). 

A  proposed  schedule  of  electric  rates  for  the  Borough  of  St.  Marylebone, 
with  suggested  tables  of  rates  and  discussion. 

Smithson,  R.  A.   Mimicipal  operation  of  tramways:  some  points 
of  a  committee's  policy.     Tramway  and  Railway  World, 

1906:  339-341. 

Discussion:  pp.  341-347.    On  the  municipal  street  railways  of  Leeds. 

Taylor,  Benjamin.    Municipal  Glasgow.    North  American  Re- 
view, clxxxiv,  590-603  (1907). 

A  popular  analysis  of  the  good  and  bad  points  of  the  different  mimicipal 
activities.  Refers  to  other  activities  as  well  as  pubhc  utilities  opera- 
tion. 

The  municipal  ownership  of  tramways  in  the  United  King- 


dom.   Cassier's  Magazine,  xvi,  381-388  (1899). 

A  popular  analysis  of  municipal  operation  in  various  cities,  with  tables 
of  statistics.    The  writer  favors  private  ownership. 

ToppiN,  W.  A.  The  present  tendency  of  charging  for  electricity. 
Electrical  Review  (London),  Ix,  945-947  (1907). 

A  discussion  of  the  lack  of  uniformity  of  rates  in  English  towns,  with 
a  tabulation  of  rates  and  reasons  for  the  recent  changes  in  each. 

TowLER,  W.  G.    Socialism  in  local  government.    New  York, 

1909.   336  pp. 

A  popular  study  of  the  increase  in  municipal  socialism  in  Great  Britain, 
the  writer  opposing  municipal  trading. 

Turner,  E.  H.,  and  James,  R.  C.  Financial  matters:  British 
gas  works.  (In  National  Civic  Federation.  Municipal  and 
private  operation  of  public  utilities.  New  York,  1907.)  Pt. 
n,  vol.  ii,  208-247. 

Financial  matters:  British  tramways.    (In  National 

Civic  Federation.    Municipal  and  private  operation  of  public 
utilities.    New  York,  1907.)    Pt.  II,  vol.  ii,  475-515. 


HISTORY  OF  UTILITIES  AND  OF  REGULATION       12 S 

Whttten,  R.  H.  Regulation  of  public  service  companies  in 
Great  Britain:  with  supplemental  chapters  on  the  Boston 
sliding  scale  and  Toronto  auction  sale  and  maximum  dividend 

plans.    New  York,  1914.    231  pp. 

Reprinted  from  1913  Annual  report  of  PubUc  service  commission  for 
the  first  district,  New  York.    An  exceUent  study  of  the  sUdmg  scale. 

WiLKiE,  J.  E.    Sidelights  on  London  tramways.    Aera,  iii,  1077- 

1083  (1915)- 

Williams,  E.  E.  How  London  loses  by  municipal  ownership. 
North  American  Review,  clxxxiii,  729^736  (1906). 

Wilson,  Alexander.  Presidential  address:  Institution  of  gas 
engineers,  annual  meeting,  June,  191 1 .  Journal  of  Gas  Light- 
ing, Water  Supply,  and  Sanitary  Improvement,  cxiv,  725-734 

(1911)- 

A  very  good  historical  sketch  of  the  Glasgow  gas  works  under  pnvate 

and  municipal  management,  and  an  engineering  description  of  the 

plant.    Includes  diagrams  and  tables  of  statistics. 

Yerbury,  H.  E.  Equitable  charges  for  tramway  supply.  Jour- 
nal of  the  Institution  of  Electrical  Engineers,  xliv,  576-600 

(1910). 

Discussion:   pp.  606-^63.    Includes  tables  of  rates  charged  in  Great 
Britain,  and  charts. 

Tramway  and  Railway  World,  xxvii,  108-111  (1910)- 

Discussion:  pp.  111-112.  Abstract. 

Italy 

BAcm,  RiccARDO.   Public  gas  works  in  Italy.   Municipal  Affairs, 

iv,  595-605  (1900)-  ^  , 

A  brief  historical  account,  various  cities  being  discussed  separately. 

Fairlie,  J.  A.    Mimicipal  government  in  Italy.    (In  Essays  in 
municipal  admmistration.    New  York,  1908.)    330^349- 
Includes  a  very  brief  discussion  of  public  utilities  and  municipal  owner- 
ship in  various  cities. 

Magrini,  Effren.    Milan  street  railways.    Municipal  Affairs, 

vi,  116-123(1902). 

A  description  of  the  Milan  system  of  municipal  ownership  and  private 
operation,  which  is  asserted  to  be  a  success.  Includes  Ubles  of  sta- 
tistics. 


126         BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Semenza,  Gumo.     Methods  of  charging  for  electric  motive 
power.     Proc.,  National  Electric  Light  Association,  1907: 
vol.  i,  520-532. 
On  the  methods  in  use  in  Italy;  technical,  with  formulae  and  charts. 

Japan 

Katagiri,  Yosrao.    Municipal  electric  road  of  Osaka.     Mu- 
nicipal Journal  and  Engineer,  xxvi,  1 71-173  (1909). 

A  brief  description  of  the  only  municipal  street  railway  in  Japan;  illus- 
trated with  a  map  and  photographs. 

TsuKAMOTO,  C.    Hydroelectric  power  from  snow  clad  Fujiyama. 
Electrical  World,  Ixvi,  910-913  (1915). 

Description,  illustrated  with  photographs,  of  one  of  the  electric  systems 
supplying  Tokio. 

Spain 

Jones,  C.  L.    Madrid:  its  government  and  municipal  services. 
Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 
Science,  xxvii,  1 20-131  (1906). 
Public  utility  services  form  only  a  part  of  the  article;  chiefly  descriptive. 

Sweden 

Andreason,  E.     Substation  of  Stockhohn  municipal  system. 
Electrical  World,  bd,  1305-1308  (1913). 

Description  of  plant  and  operating  features,  illustrated  with  photo- 
graphs. 

Switzerland 

LiEBERKNECHT,  A.    Development  of  Zurich  tramways.    U.  S. 
Consular  Reports,  Ixv,  no.  245,  236-237  (1901). 


III.  FRANCHISES 

GENERAL  WORKS 

Adams,  A.  D.  Street  lighting  contracts.  Municipal  Journal  and 
Engineer,  xxiii,  630-631  (1907). 

Ayuesworth,  M.  H.    Franchises  and  public  welfare.    Aera,  iv, 

545-547  (1916). 
Elementary. 

Baker,  M.  N.  Municipal  franchises  and  contracts.  {In  Mimic- 
ipal  engineering  and  sanitation.  New  York,  1902.)  264-274. 
Brief,  elementary  discussion  of  principles. 

Brady,  A.  W.    Some  phases  of  the  franchise  question.    Aera,  i, 

930-^39  (1913)- 

A  good  general  discussion  of  franchises  and  length  of  term. 

Brady,  J.  E.  Gas  franchises  and  privileges:  their  legal  char- 
acteristics and  constructions  which  the  courts  have  placed 
upon  them.  American  Gas  Light  Journal,  xdi,  11 79-1 182; 
xdii,  51-52  (1910). 

Breen,  I.  R.  A  municipal  franchise  is  a  valuable  asset  and 
should  be  so  treated  by  those  in  authority.  Proc.,  American 
Society  of  Mimidpal  Improvements,  1908:  27-33. 

Burgess,  Philip.  Points  of  difference  in  waterworks  franchises. 
American  City,  xii,  318-320  (1915). 

A  popular  discussion  of  provisions  that  may  be  included  in  renewals  of 
waterworks  franchises. 

Cooper,  H.S.   Franchises.   Street  Railway  Review,  xi,  304-305, 

364-365,  409-410,  57<>-57i  (1901). 

A  general  discussion  of  franchises,  methods  of  granting  and  provisions; 
very  popular. 

"  Special  privilege."    Public  Service,  xvi,  143-^45  (1914)- 


' 


Elementary. 


i«7 


128  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTILITIES 

Dewey,  D.R.  Legal  aspects  of  corporation  franchises.  (/«  Mc- 
Laughlin, A.  C,  and  Hart,  A.  B.  Cyclopedia  of  American 
government.    New  York,  1914.)    ii,  45-48. 

DiCKERMAN,  J.  C.    Standards  of  service  clauses  in  street  lighting 
contracts.    Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  2,  2-7  (1915). 
An  elementary  discussion  of  the  various  contracts  now  in  use. 

Dickey,  C.  H.  Obligations  imposed  by  the  possession  of  a 
franchise.  Proc,  American  Gas  Institute,  ii,  289-302  (1907). 
Discussion:  pp.  302-306.    Elementary. 

DxjNKEL,  J.  H.    The  municipality  and  the  company.    Public 
Service,  xv,  11-12  (1913). 
Discussion  of  franchise  and  politics;  popular. 

Elliott,  E.  L.  Indefinite  candle  power  in  municipal  contracts. 
Proc,  National  Electric  Light  Association,  1907:  vol.  I,  246- 
252. 

Discussion:  pp.  263-287.  On  the  misunderstandings  caused  by  indefi- 
nite standards  in  the  contracts  and  the  need  for  greater  exactness. 

Floy,  Henry.  Indefinite  obligations  in  municipal  contracts. 
Proc,  National  Electric  Light  Association,  1907:  vol.  i,  254- 

257- 

Discussion:  pp.  263-287.  On  the  need  for  definiteness  in  contract  re- 
quirements, and  for  maintaining  sufficient  records  to  prevent  mis- 
imderstandings. 

FooTE,  A,  R.    Economic  aspects  of  municipal  franchises.    Elec- 
trical Review,  xxxvi,  210-213  (1900). 
A  very  general  and  elementary  discussion. 

How  should  the  franchise  question  be  settled  ?  {In  Mu- 
nicipal public  service  industries.    Chicago,  1899.)    5-86. 

Foster,  H.  A.    Franchise.    {In  Engineering  valuation  of  public 

utilities  and  factories.    New  York,  191 2.)    236-251. 

A  good  discussion  of  franchises  and  their  terms,  franchise  valuation  and 
taxation;  with  many  quotations  from  court  and  commission  decisions. 

Gaskill,  D.  L.    The  relation  of  electric  light  companies  to 
municipalities  from  a  legal  standpoint.    Electrical  Review, 
xxxix,  412-414  (1901). 
Abstract.    Consists  chiefly  of  a  popular  discussion  of  franchises. 


FRANCHISES 


129 


HiGGiNS,  E.  E.    Municipal  and  private  management  of  street 
railways:    a  study  of  results  and  possibilities.     Municipal 

Affairs,  i,  458-490  (1897)- 

A  long,  popular  discussion,  with  tables  and  diagrams.    The  writer  is 

strongly  opposed  to  municipal  ownership,  and  favors  profit  sharing 

and  other  contractual  regulations. 

Kealy,  p.  J.    Municipal  cooperation  in  public  utility  manage- 
ment.   Trans.,  American  Institute  of  Electrical  Engineers, 

xxxiv,  2533-2544  (1915)- 

Discussion:   pp.  2545-2548.    Considers  the  various  possible  forms  of 
payment  by  the  utility  to  the  city. 

Municipal  cooperation  in  utility  management.     Electric 

Railway  Journal,  xlvi,  861-863  (1915)- 
Abstract. 

King,C.L.  Franchise  essentials,  (/n  The  regulation  of  munici- 
pal utilities.    New  York,  191 2.)    75-98. 

McLean,  George.    Theory  of  public  utility  franchises.    Elec- 
tric Railway  Journal,  xlvii,  899-900  (1916). 
Abstract.   A  very  general,  popular  discussion. 

Public  Service,  xx,  166-168  (1916). 

Matthews,  Nathan.     Relations  with  public  service  corpora- 
tions.   {In  Municipal  charters.    Cambridge,  1914-)    43-49- 
A  good  elementary  discussion  of  franchise  terms  and  the  necessary  city 
charter  provisions. 

Mead,  E.  S.  Financial  aspects  of  corporation  franchises.  {In 
McLaughlin,  A.  C,  and  Hart,  A.  B.  Cyclopedia  of  Ameri- 
can government.    New  York,  1914-)    ii>  44- 

Peters,  J.  W.  S.,  and  Wilcox,  D.  F.    Outline  of  sections  for  a 

model  street  railway  franchise,    (/n  Beard,  C.  A.    American 

dty  government.    New  York,  191 2.)    389-393. 

Report  of  a  committee  of  the  National  municipal  league. 

A  general  discussion  of  franchise  provisions  with  recommendations. 

. A  suggested  sliding  scale  of  dividends  for  street  railways, 

determined  by  quality  of  service.    National  Mxinicipal  Re- 
view, ii,  31-38  (1913)- 
Very  interesting  and  novel;  includes  illustrative  tables. 


I30         BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Pope,  Herbert.  Municipal  contracts  and  the  regulation  of 
rates.    Harvard  Law  Review,  xvi,  1-2 1  (1902). 

On  the  validity  and  effect  of  contract  and  franchise  provisions  as  to  rates. 
RowE,  L.  S.    The  relation  of  the  city  to  public  utilities.    (In 
Problems  of  city  government.   New  York,  1908.)    208-240. 

A  good  elementary  discussion,  with  some  reference  to  franchise  terms 
and  provisions. 

Spencer,  A.  W.  Should  public  franchises  be  treated  as  corporate 
property  ?  Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political 
and  Social  Science,  xxix,  352-356  (1907). 

Weston,  C.  V.     Street  railway  franchises.     Proc.,  American 
Street  and  Interurban  Railway  Association,  1910:  254-263. 
Discussion:  pp.  263-269.    General  discussion  of  franchise  provisions. 

Electric  Railway  Journal,  xxxvi,  813-815  (1910). 

Abstract. 

Whinery,  Samuel.    Quasi-public  corporations  and  their  con- 
trol.   {In  Municipal  public  works:  their  inception,  construc- 
tion and  management.    New  York,  1903.)    219-241. 
An  elementary  discussion  of  franchises  and  their  terms  and  conditions. 

Wilcox,  D.F.    The  control  of  pubKc  utilities.    (/«  The  Ameri- 
can city:  a  problem  in  democracy.  New  York,  191 1.)   52^90. 
A  very  good  elementary  discussion  of  franchises  and  their  terms  and 
requirements,  and  of  municipal  ownership.    The  writer  favors  mu- 
nicipal ownership  as  a  theory,  but  believes  proper  franchise  control 
to  be  better  for  the  present. 

Elements  of  a  constructive  franchise  policy.  Proc.,  Na- 
tional Conference  for  Good  City  Government,  1910:  170- 
189. 

A  good  account  of  traction  franchise  history  in  New  York  City  and  dis- 
cussion of  a  proposed  franchise  policy. 

(^»  King,  C.  L.   The  regulation  of  municipal  utilities. 
New  York,  1912.)    137-164. 
Revised  reprint. 

Franchise  provisions  in  commission  charters  and  statutes. 

Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 
Science,  xxxviii,  783-797  (191 1). 

Good  elementary  discussion. 


FRANCHISES 


131 


■\\ 


Wilcox,  D.  F.    How  to  make  a  study  of  local  utility  franchises. 

American  City,  x,  326-329  (1914)- 

A  popular  account  of  franchises  and  their  provisions  with  suggestions 
for  a  franchise  survey. 

Municipal  franchises:  a  description  of  the  terms  and  con- 
ditions upon  which  private  corporations  enjoy  special  privi- 
leges in  the  streets  of  American  cities.  New  York,  1910- 
1911.   2  vols. 

Vol.  I.  Introductory:  pipe  and  wire  franchises. 
Ch.  i.  How  franchise  rights  are  acquired, 
ii.  What  a  franchise  signifies. 
iii.  Monopoly  profits,  and  ways  of  limiting  them. 
iv.  Injuries  to  individuals,  and  ways  of  preventing  them. 
v.  Temptations  to  public  wrong,  and  ways  of  overcoming  them, 
vi.  Electric  light,  heat  and  power  as  a  public  utility. 
vii.  Franchise  conditions  imposed  on  electric  light  and  power  com- 
panies, 
zii.  Electrical  conduits, 
xiii.  Waterworks  and  water  supply  franchises. 
xix.  Artificial  and  natural  gas  as  public  utilities. 
XX.  Gas  franchises  where  only  artificial  gas  is  available, 
xxi.  Gas  franchises  in  cities  within  reach  of  natural  gas  fields. 
Vol.  n.    Transportation  franchises:    taxation  and  control  of  public 

utilities. 
Ch.  xxii.  The  street  railway  as  a  factor  in  modem  life, 
xxiii.  Elements  of  a  model  street  railway  franchise. 
xxiv.  Street  railway  franchises  in  greater  New  York. 
XXV.  The  street  railway  settlement  franchises  of  Chicago  and  Cleve- 
land, 
xxvi.  Street  railway  franchises  that  are  perpetual, 
xxvii.  Street  railway  franchises  that  are  indeterminate, 
xxviii.  Exclusive  street  railway  franchises, 
xxix.  Street  railway  franchises  granted  for  compensation. 
Low  fare  street  railway  franchises. 
Miscellaneous  street  railway  franchises. 
Franchises  for  elevated  railways. 
xxxiv.  Interurban  railway  franchises. 

xxxix.  Constitutional  and  statutory  limitations  affecting  local  fran- 
chise grants. 
xl.  The  initiative  and  referendimi  in  franchise  matters, 
xli.  Supervision  of  local  utilities  by  state  conunissions. 
xlii.  Local  utility  departments,  franchise  bureaus  and  special  ex- 
perts, 
xliv.  Compensation  for  franchises  and  taxation  of  public  utility 
properties. 


1 


132  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Ch.  xlv.  Capitalization,  capital  value,  appraisals  and  purchase  price. 

xlvi.  Municipal  owner^ip. 
Appendix:  Minneapolis  gas  settlement  ordinances. 

An  excellent  and  exhaustive  treatise,  in  popular  form,  on  all  franchise 
problems.  Includes  a  discussion  of  the  franchises  in  force  in  practi- 
cally all  important  American  cities. 

Wilcox,  D.  F.,  and  Peters,  J.  W.  S.    Suggestions  for  a  model 
street  railway  franchise.    {In  King,  C.  L.   The  regiilation  of 
municipal  utilities.    New  York,  191 2.)    165-181. 
Discusses  the  relation  of  the  agency  theory  to  valuation. 

What  a  street  railway  franchise  should  contain.    American 

City,  vii,  129-132  (1912). 

Abstract.    A  good  brief  outline  of  essential  franchise  provisions. 

HISTORY 

United  States  and  Foreign 

Curtis,  C.  E.  Street  railways  and  their  relation  to  the  public. 
Yale  Review,  vi,  17-36  (1897). 

A  very  good,  early  review  of  comparative  franchise  and  municipal 
ownership  history  in  the  United  States,  Canada  and  Great  Britain. 

Maltbie,  M.  R.  Report  on  the  indeterminate  franchise  for 
public  utilities.    New  York,  1908.    34  pp. 

Report  submitted  to  the  New  York  public  service  conunission  for  the 
first  district. 

An  exceUent  summary  of  the  arguments  for  and  against  perpetual, 
term  and  indeterminate  franchises.  Includes  a  discussion  of  the  ex- 
perience with  the  indeterminate  permit  of  Massachusetts,  Wisconsin, 
Chicago,  Washington,  D.  C,  Porto  Rico,  Philippines  and  New  York 
City. 

United  States  —  General 

American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science.  Municipal 
ownership  and  mimicipal  franchises.  Annals  of  the  American 
Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  xxvii,  no.  i  (1906). 

258  pp. 

For  contents,  see  p.  334. 

Beard,  C.  A.  Franchises  and  public  utilities.  {In  American 
city  government.    New  York,  1912.)    190-217. 

On  the  former  corrupt  practices  with  regard  to  utility  franchises,  and 
franchise  principles. 


FRANCHISES 


133 


Brown,  C.  C.    A  modern  franchise  for  a  public  service  corpora- 
tion.   Mimicipal  Engineering,  xlviii,  89-93  (191 5). 
A  r6sum6  of  the  conditions  in  a  new  franchise  in  "  a  small  city." 

DuRAND,  E.  D.    Street  railway  franchises,  public  regulation  and 
public  ownership  in  the  United  States  of  America.    Royal 
Commission  on  London  Traffic,  iv,  593-609  (1906). 
Comprehensive  discussion  and  tabulation  of  the  laws  of  various  states. 

Fairlie,  J.  A.    Recent  extensions  of  municipal  functions  in  the 

United  States.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political 

and  Social  Science,  xxv,  299-310  (1905). 

Franchises:  pp.  308-310. 

Brief  account  of  recent  municipal  ownership  and  franchise  history  in 
the  United  States. 

Recent  legislation  on  mimicipal  functions  in  the  United 


States.    {In  Essays  in  municipal  administration.    New  York, 

1908.)    145-163. 

Franchises  and  public  control:  pp.  158-163. 

Revised  from  his  article  entitled  "  Recent  extensions  of  mimicipal  func' 
tions  in  the  United  States.'' 

HoDGKiNS,  H.  C.    Franchises  of  public  utilities  as  they  were  and 
as  they  are.  Journal  of  the  American  Waterworks  Association, 

11,739-758  (1915)- 

A  very  interesting  study,  giving  a  brief  review  of  franchise  history, 
tables  of  the  terms  of  franchises  in  each  state  and  of  the  kinds  of 
utilities  coming  imder  the  jiuisdiction  of  the  various  conunissions, 
with  discussion. 

U.  S.  Bureau  of  the  Census.    Central  electric  light  and  power 
stations,  1902.    Washington,  1905.    175  pp. 
Franchises:  pp.  82-85. 

Street  and  electric  railways,   1902.     Washington,   1905. 

439  PP- 

Franchises,  public  regulation  and  public  ownership:  pp.  126-148. 

Street  and  electric  railways,  1907.     Washington,  1910. 


575  PP- 

Franchises,  public  regulation  and  public  ownership:  pp.  291-299. 


134         BIBUOGRAPBY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Wilcox,  D.F.   Municipal  franchises:  a  description  of  the  tenns 
and  conditions  upon  which  private  corporations  enjoy  special 
privileges  in  the  streets  of  American  cities.   New  York,  1910- 
191 1.   2  vols. 
An  exhaustive  treatise,  in  popular  form,  including  an  account  of  the 

franchises  in  force  in  practically  all  important  American  cities.    For 

list  of  chapters,  see  p.  131. 

California 

Plehn,  C.  C.    The  taxation  of  franchises  in  California.    Na- 
tional Municipal  Review,  i,  337"354  (1912). 
A  good  historical  and  critical  account. 

San  Francisco 

Arnold,  B.  J.    Foundation  principles  in  valuation.    Electric 

Railway  Journal,  xliv,  7i3-7i9>  803-806  (1915)- 

Abstract. 
Foundation  principles  of  utility  valuation  with  special 

application  to  plans  for  resettlement.    Aera,  iv,  189-214 

(1915)- 
Abstract. 

Foundation  principles  of  utility  valuation  with  special  ap- 
plication to  resettlement  plans.  Proc.,  American  Electric 
Railway  Association,  191 5:  139-187. 

Discussion:   pp.  188-198.    Notes  on  San  Francisco  traction  resettle- 
ment: pp.  176-178;  with  a  chart. 

Franchise  and  legal  matters.    {In  Report  on  the  improve- 
ment and  development  of  the  transportation  facilities  of  San 
Francisco.    San  Francisco,  1913)    359"4io- 
Report  on  legal  and  franchise  matters,  charter  amendments 


FRANCHISES 


13s 


to  the  Board  of  supervisors,  city  of  San  Francisco.    ?,  191 2. 

28  pp. 

^   Colorado 

Denver 

King,  C.  L.  The  history  of  the  government  of  Denver,  with 
special  reference  to  its  relations  with  public  service  corpora- 
tions.  Denver,  1911.   322  pp. 


Illinois 

Chicago 

Arnold,  B.  J.    Foundation  prmdples  in  valuation.    Electric 

Railway  Journal,  xlvi,  713-719)  803-806  (1915)- 
Abstract. 

Foundation  principles  of  utility  valuation  with  special  ap- 
plication to  plans  for  resettlements.  Aera,  iv,  189-214  (i9i5)* 
Abstract. 

Foundation  principles  of  utility  valuation  with  special  ap- 
plication to  resettlement  plans.    Proc,  American  Electric 

Railway  Association,  1915:  139-187. 

Discussion:  pp.  188-198.   Notes  on  Chicago  traction  resettlement:  pp. 

169-173;  with  charts. 
-,  Fleming,  H.  B.,  and  Weston,  George.    Phases  in  the 


development  of  the  street  railways  of  Chicago.    Journal  of 

the  Western  Society  of  Engineers,  xiv,  641-668  (1909). 

A  brief  historical  sketch,  by  B.  J.  Arnold:  pp.  641-646. 
Fairlie,  J.  A.    The  Chicago  street  railways:  a  supplementary 

note.    Quarterly  Journal  of  Economics,  xxii,  47^479  (1908). 

Supplementary  to  "  The  street  railway  question  in  Chicago." 

The  street  railway  question  in  Chicago.    Quarterly  Journal 

of  Economics,  xxi,  370-403  (1907)- 
A  thorough  historical  study. 

{In  Essays  in  municipal  administration.    New  York, 


1908.)    230-261. 
Reprint. 
Fay,  C.N.   The  city  gets  fifty-five  per  cent.   Outlook,  xcii,  407- 

413  (1909). 

A  very  popular  account  of  the  Chicago  traction  settlement,  by  which 
55  per  cent  of  gross  earnings  are  paid  to  the  city. 
Heilman,  R.  E.    The  Chicago  subway  problem.    Journal  of 

Political  Economy,  xxii,  992-1005  (1914)- 

A  discussion  of  recent  subway  franchise  history  in  Chicago. 
Chicago  traction:   a  study  of  the  efforts  of  the  public  to 

secure   good   service.     Publications,    American   Economic 

Association,  3d  series,  ix,  313-443  (1908). 
Thorough  historical  study  of  the  history  of  Chicago  traction,  franchises 
and  the  municipal  ownership  movement. 


Pi  '' 


I 


f 

.4  ' 


i'l  < 

■i 


f  I 


II, 


136 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


Chicago  —  continued. 

HoTCHKiss,  W.  E.  Chicago  traction:  a  study  in  political  evo- 
lution. Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and 
Social  Science,  xxviii,  385-404  (1906). 

Treats  of  the  history  of  traction  franchises  in  Chicago,  largely  from  a 
government  student's  viewpoint. 

Recent  phases  of  Chicago's  transportation  problem.  Annals 


of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science, 

xxxi,  85-95  (1908). 

Franchise  history  in  1907.    Supplementary  to  his  "  Chicago  traction: 
a  study  in  political  evolution." 

MiLLis,  H.  A.    The  present  street  railway  situation  in  Chicago. 
Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 
Science,  xx,  356-367  (1902). 
Chiefly  franchise  history. 

OssosKi,  Sidney.    The  Chicago  plan  of  street  railway  super- 
vision and  control.    Electric  Railway  Journal,  xxxvi,  218-220 
(1910). 
A  critical  account  of  the  franchise  and  ordinance  provisions. 

Sixes,  G.  C.    Chicago's  struggle  for  freedom  from  traction  rule. 
Outlook,  Ixxxii,  748-753  (1906). 

ToLMAN,  E.  B.    Chicago's  traction  question.    World  Today,  ix, 

1181-1187  (1905);  X,  637-645  (1906). 

A  full  popular  account  of  traction  franchise  history  in  Chicago;  illus- 
trated with  photographs. 

Wilcox,  D.  F.    How  the  Chicago  and  Cleveland  street  railway 
settlements  are  working  out.    National  Municipal  Review, 
i,  630-638  (191 2). 
A  good  analysis. 

Engineering  News,  Ixviii,  526-529  (191 2). 

The  street  railway  settlement  franchises  of  Chicago  and 

Cleveland.     (In  Municipal  franchises.    New  York,  1911.) 

11,141-191. 

A  thorough  historical  study. 


FRANCHISES 


137 


Lake  Forest 

Alvord,  J.  W.    A  cooperative  waterworks  franchise.     Proc, 

American  Waterworks  Association,  xxx,  110-118  (1910). 

Discussion:  pp.  1 18-122.  An  account  of  the  main  features  of  an  ordi- 
nance in  Lake  Forest.  A  part  of  the  net  profits  go  to  a  sinking  fund 
for  mimicipal  purchase  of  the  property. 

Indiana 

CrawfofdsvUle 

Brown,  C.  C.    Some  new  provisions  in  a  proposed  franchise  for 
a  municipal  public  service  corporation.     Proc,  American 
Society  of  Municipal  Improvements,  1909:  274-288. 
A  reprint  of  the  franchise  ordinance,  with  some  discussion. 

Indianapolis 

Brown,  C.  C.    How  a  private  gas  company  at  Indianapolis  is 

controlled  in  the  public  interest.  Engineering  News,  Ix,  674- 

675  (1908). 

Abstract. 

A  modem  municipal  franchise.    Proc.,  American  Society 


of  Municipal  Improvements,  1908 :  20-26. 
On  the  franchise  of  the  Citizens*  gas  company. 

Municipal  Engineering,  xxxv,  306-309  (1908). 


Abstract. 


Iowa 


Des  Moines 

Hanna,  J.  R.    Des  Moines'  street  railway  franchise.    Utilities 

Magazine,  i,  no.  6,  25-26  (1916). 

On  franchise  litigation. 

Massachusetts 

Allen,  W.  S.    Street  railway  franchises  in  Massachusetts.  An- 
nals of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science, 
xxvii,  91-110  (1906). 
Detailed  historical  account. 


m 


138  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Boston 

PiNANSKi,  A.  E.    The  street  raHway  system  of  metropolitan 
Boston.   New  York,  1908.   58  pp. 
History  of  traction  franchises;  a  thorough  study. 

Woods,  R.  A. ,  and  Eastman,  J.  B .  The  Boston  franchise  contest. 
Outlook,  Ixxxii,  835-841  (1906). 

Michigan 
Detroit 

.  Davis,  R.  K.    The  street  railway  situation  m  Detroit,  Mich. 
Proc.,  American  Society  of  Mimicipal  Improvements,  1906; 
157-163. 
An  historical  sketch. 

Leake,  Paul.    The  street  railway  situation  in  Detroit.    Proc., 
National  Conference  for  Good  City  Government,  1910:  120- 
141. 
A  good  review  of  franchise  history  and  terms. 

Wilcox,  D.  F.    The  control  of  public  service  corporations  in 
Detroit.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and 
Social  Science,  xxxi,  42-58  (1908). 
Largely  historical,  with  considerable  franchise  discussion. 

Minnesota 
Minneapolis 

Jones,  S.  P.    Minneapolis  gas  settlement.    Proc,  National  Con- 
ference for  GkKxl  City  Government,  1910:   142-155. 
A  popular  historical  account. 

The  Minneapolis  gas  settlement:   a  typical  struggle  for  a 

city's  rights,    {in  King,  C.  L.    The  regulation  of  municipal 
utilities.   New  York,  191 2.)    56-72. 
Revised  reprint. 

Wilcox,  D.  F.    Minneapolis  gas  settlement  ordinances.     (Jn 
Municipal  franchises.    New  York,  1911.)    ii,  811-832. 
A  reprint  of  the  franchise  and  regulatory  ordinances  of  1910. 


FRANCHISES 


139 


Missouri 
Kansas  City 
Arnold,  B.  J.    Foundation  principles  in  valuation.    Electric 

Railway  Journal,  xlvi,  713-719,  803-806  (1915). 

Abstract. 

Foundation  principles  of  utility  valuation  with  special  ap- 
plication to  plans  for  resettlement.  Aera,  iv,  189-214  (191 5). 
Abstract. 

Foimdation  principles  of  utility  valuation  with  special 


application  to  resettlement  plans.    Proc.,  American  Electric 
Railway  Association,  191 5:   139-187. 

Discussion:   pp.  188-198.    Notes  on  Kansas  City  traction  valuation 
and  resettlement:  pp.  167-168  and  174-175;  with  charts. 

Kealy,  p.  J.    The  partnership  provisions  of  the  Kansas  City 
franchise.    Electric  Railway  Journal,  xliv,  691-694  (1914). 

Munagle,  F.  J.    The  Kansas  City  settlement.    Aera,  iii,  19-23 

(1914). 
Peters,  J.  W.  S.    Kansas  City  franchise  fight.    Proc.,  National 

Conference  for  Good  City  Government,  1910:  156-169. 

New  York 
New  York 
BowKER,  R.  R.     The  piracy  of  public  franchises.     Atlantic 

Monthly,  Ixxxviii,  463-482  (1901). 

A  popular  historical  account  of  franchise  granting  in  New  York  City. 

MunidpalAffairSyVy  886-904(1901). 

Reprint. 

Maltbie,  M.  R.   Analysis  of  the  rapid  transit  contracts  between 
the  city  of  New  York  and  the  Interborough  rapid  transit  com- 
pany, and  the  N.  Y.  municipal  railway  corporation.    New 
York  ?    1913.    25  pp. 
Report  to  the  New  York  public  service  commission  for  the  first  district. 

A  century  of  franchise  history.   Municipal  Affairs,  iv,  194- 

206  (1900). 

A  summary  appended  to  Gustavus  Myers,  "  History  of  public  franchises 
in  New  York  City." 


I40 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTILITIES 


New  York  —  continued. 

Maltbie,  M.  R.    Franchises  of  electrical  corporations  in  greater 

New  York.    New  York,  191 1.    237  pp. 

Report  to  the  New  York  public  service  commission  for  the  first  district. 
A  very  complete,  classified  study. 

A  rapid  transit  policy  for  greater  New  York.    Proc.,  Na- 
tional Conference  for  Good  City  Government,  1909:  390-402. 

An  historical  sketch,  with  discussion  of  the  work  of  the  rapid  transit 
commission. 

(In  King,  C.  L.  The  regulation  of  municipal  utilities. 


New  York,  191 2.)    1 20-136. 
Revised  reprint. 

Murphy,  J.  J.    Franchise  grants  in  New  York  City.    Annals  of 
the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  xxxi, 

78-84  (1908). 

Historical  and  very  general. 

Myers,  Gustavus.    History  of  public  franchises  in  New  York 
City.    Mimidpal  Affairs,  iv,  7  i-i  93  ( 1 900) . 

An  extensive,  popular  account,  arranged  by  classes  of  utilities;   with 

tables  of  statistics. 
Includes  a  long  sunmiary  by  M.  R.  Maltbie,  entitled  "  A  century  of 

franchise  history  "  (pp.  194-206). 

Nichols,  H.  P.    Progress  in  methods  of  granting  franchises  in 
New  York  City.    Philadelphia  ?    1907.    24  pp. 

West,  Max.  The  franchises  of  greater  New  York.   Yale  Review, 

vi,  387-408  (1898). 

A  very  good  elementary  account  of  franchise  history  in  New  York,  with 
critical  comments. 

Municipal  franchises  in  New  York.     (In  Bemis,  E.  W. 

Municipal  monopolies.   4th  edition.   New  York,  1904.)   365- 

422. 

Historical  account,  by  class  of  utilities. 

Wilcox,  D.  F.    Elements  of  a  constructive  franchise  policy. 
Proc.,  National  Conference  for  GkKxi  City  Government,  1910: 

170-189. 

A  good  account  of  traction  franchise  history  in  New  York  City  and  dis- 
cussion of  a  proposed  franchise  policy. 


FRANCHISES 


141 


New  York  —  continued. 

Wilcox,  D.  F.    Elements  of  a  constructive  franchise  policy. 

(In  King,  C.  L.    The  regulation  of  mimicipal  utilities.    New 

York,  191 2.)    137-164. 

Revised  reprint. 
The  New  York  subway  contracts.    National  Municipal 

Review,  ii,  375-391  (1913). 
Franchise  history  and  provisions. 

Report  upon  proposed  standard  form  of  franchise  for 

street  railroad  companies.    New  York,  1909.    26  pp. 

Report  submitted  to  the  New  York  public  service  commission  for  the 
first  district. 

Street  railway  franchises  in  greater  New  York.    (In  Mu- 


nicipal franchises.    New  York,  191 1.)    ii,  101-140. 
A  thorough  historical  study. 
Wright,  H.  C.    Development  of  transit  control  in  New  York 
City.  Annals  of  the  -^erican  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 
Science,  xxxi,  18-41  (1908). 

Good  for  franchise  history,  by  periods,  from  1850  to  date. 

Omo 

Cleveland 

Bemis,  E.  W.  The  Cleveland  street  railway  settlement.  Quar- 
terly Journal  of  Economics,  xxiv,  550-560  (1910). 

The  franchise  situation  and  the  referendum  in  Cleveland. 

Proc.,  National  Conference  for  (jood  City  Government,  1902: 
194-207. 

Municipal  Affairs,  vi,  261-267  (1902). 

Reprint. 

The  street  railway  settlement  in  Cleveland.     Quarterly 


Journal  of  Economics,  xxii,  543-575  (1908)- 
An  excellent  analysis  of  the  Taylor  settlement. 
Davies,  H.  J.    Some  accoimting  features  of  the  Cleveland  rail- 
way company's  franchise.    Proc.,  American  Street  and  In- 
terurban  Railway  Accoimtants'  Association,  1910 :  1 25-150. 

Discussion:  pp.  150-154.    Of  accounting  interest  only;   includes  many 
tables. 


142  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Cleveland  —  continued. 

DooLiTTLE,  F.  W.    The  Cleveland  experiment.    (In  Studies  in 

the  cost  of  urban  transportation  service.    New  York,  1916.) 

355-438- 

An  cxceUent  study  of  the  history  of  Cleveland  traction  franchises  and 
fare  experiments. 

Duffy,  C.  N.    The  Cleveland  railway  situation.    Proc.,  Ameri- 
can Electric  Railway  Association,  1913:   110-123. 
An  excellent  analysis  of  the  ordinance  and  conditions  in  Cleveland. 

Aera,  ii,  350-362  (1913). 

Reprint. 

Economics  of  the  Cleveland  railway  situation  as  developed 

in  the  1913  arbitration  decision.    Electric  Railway  Journal, 

^>  770-773  (1913). 
Abstract. 

Hayden,W.S.  The  street  railway  situation  in  Cleveland.  Proc., 
National  Conference  for  Good  City  Government,  1909:  403- 
416. 

An  historical  account. 

Nash,  L.  R.   The  Cleveland  railway  situation.    Stone  and  Web- 
ster Journal,  xviii,  124-158  (1916). 
History  and  analysis,  with  data,  map  and  charts. 

SiDLO,  T.  L.  Cleveland  invalidity  clause:  a  new  development 
in  public  utilities  ordinances.  Journal  of  Political  Economy, 
xix,  124-128  (1911). 

A  brief  account  of  the  clause  which  provides  that  if  any  of  the  rates  or 
provisions  of  the  franchise  are  declared  invalid,  the  corresponding 
power  is  to  be  in  the  city  council.  Includes  a  reprint  of  the  franchise 
section. 

Wilcox,  D.  F.    How  the  Chicago  and  Cleveland  street  railway 
settlements  are  working  out.    National  Municipal  Review,  i, 
630-638(1912). 
A  good  analysis. 

Engineering  News,  Ixviii,  526-529  (1912). 

Abstract. 


FRANCHISES 


143 


i. 

I  If 


Cleveland  —  continued. 

Wilcox,  D.  F.     The  street  railway  settlement  franchises  of 

Chicago  and  Cleveland.     {In  Municipal  franchises.     New 

York,  1911.)    ii,  141-191. 

A  thorough  historical  study. 

Wilson,  H.  W.  Three  cent  light  in  Cleveland.   New  York,  1914. 
II  pp. 
History  and  analjrsis  of  results  of  municipal  ownership  in  Cleveland. 

Springfield 

Rinkliff,  G.  L.  Springfield's  street  railway  franchise.  Mu- 
nicipal Journal  and  Engineer,  xxxiv,  578-579  (1913). 

Pennsylvania 
Pkiladelpkia 
Lewis,  E.  O.    Philadelphia's  relation  to  rapid  transit  company. 

Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 

Science,  xxxi,  600-611  (1908). 

A  discussion  of  the  contract  of  1907. 

McLain,  F.  D.    The  street  railways  of  Philadelphia.    Quarterly 
Journal  of  Economics,  xrii,  233-260  (1908). 
A  good  historical  treatment  of  the  subject. 

Woodruff,  C.  R.   Philadelphia  street  railway  franchises.  Ameri- 
can Journal  of  Sociology,  vii,  216-233  (1901). 
Historical  discussion  of  corruption  in  traction  franchise  granting. 

Wisconsin 

Esickson,  Halford.    The  indeterminate  franchise  or  permit. 

Electrical  Review  and  Western  Electrician,  Ixv,  224-227, 

283-285  (1914). 

A  general  discussion  of  the  indeterminate  permit  and  the  history  of  its 
use  in  Wisconsin. 

Holmes,  F.  L.  The  indeterminate  permit  and  convenience  and 
necessity  laws.  (In  Regulation  of  railroads  and  public  util- 
ities in  Wisconsin.    New  York,  191 5.)    221-236. 

A  good  annotated  accoxmt  of  the  use  of  the  indeterminate  permit  by  the 
Wisconsin  commission. 


■*l' 


ll 


u 


144         BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Morgan,  W.  O.    The  indeterminate  pennit  as  a  satisfactory 
franchise.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  PoUtical  and 
Social  Science,  xxxvii,  142-159  (191 1). 
Discussion  of  the  Wisconsin  experience  for  iUustration. 

Mortimer,  J.  D.    The  Wisconsin  indetermmate  permit  law. 
Aera,  ii,  7-20  (1913). 

A  good  analysis  of  the  law,  including  a  reprint  of  the  statutory  pro- 
visions  and  excerpts  from  court  decisions. 

Milwaukee 

DoouTTLE,  F.  W.    The  Milwaukee  experiment,    (/n  Studies  in 

the  cost  of  urban  transportation  service.    New  York  1916) 
439-467. 

An  excellent  study  of  traction  franchise  and  fare  history  in  MUwaukee. 

Canada 

Cannon,  L.  A.    Electric  franchises.    Canadian  Engineer,  xxiii 
383-385(1912). 

A  brief  sketch  of  franchise  history  in  Quebec. 

France 

Whttten,  R.  H.    The  Paris  subway  system:  with  special  refer- 
ence to  franchise  terms  and  conditions.    Engineering  News 
^>  70-75  (191 1).  ' 

An  excellent  description;  includes  a  map. 

LENGTH  OF  TERM 

Arkwright,  P.  S.   The  length  of  franchise.    Stone  and  Webster 
Public  Service  Journal,  xii,  388-393  (1913). 

Brady,  A.  W.    Some  phases  of  the  franchise  question.    Aera,  i 
93^>-939  (1913)-  '  ' 

A  good  general  discussion  of  franchises  and  length  of  term. 

Erickson,  Halford.     The  advantages  of  state  regulation. 
Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  PoUtical  and  Social 
Science,  Ivii,  123-162  (1915). 
Excellent  general  arUde  on  commission  regulation  and  its  problems. 


FRANCHISES 


HS 


Erickson,  Halford.  The  indeterminate  franchise  or  permit. 
Electrical  Review  and  Western  Electrician,  Ixv,  224-227,  283- 

285  (1914)- 

A  general  discussion  of  the  indeterminate  permit  and  the  history  of  its 
use  in  Wisconsin. 

Foster,  H.  A.    Franchise.    (/«  Engineering  valuation  of  public 
utilities  and  factories.    New  York,  191 2.)    236-251. 
Includes  a  brief  discussion  of  franchise  terms. 

Hodge,  W.  H.    Long  term  franchise  grants.    Public  Service, 

viii,  37-39  (1910)- 
Holmes,  F.  L.    The  indeterminate  permit  and  convenience  and 
necessity  laws.    (In  Regulation  of  railroads  and  public  util- 
ities in  Wisconsin.    New  York,  191 5.)    221-236. 

A  good  elementary  discussion  of  franchise  terms  and  the  advantages  of 
the  indeterminate  permit. 

Lewis,  C.  T.    Duration  of  franchises.    Municipal  Affairs,  iii, 
256-263  (1899). 
On  the  question  of  whether  perpetual  franchises  are  desirable. 

Maltbie,  M.  R.  Report  on  the  indeterminate  franchise  for 
public  utilities.    New  York,  1908.    34  pp. 

Report  submitted  to  the  New  York  public  service  commission  for  the 

first  district. 
An  excellent  summary  of  the  arguments  for  and  against  perpetual,  term 

and  indeterminate  franchises.    The  writer  favors  the  indeterminate 

permit. 

Morgan,  W.  O.    The  indeterminate  permit  as  a  satisfactory 
franchise.   Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and 
Social  Science,  xxxvii,  142-159  (191 1). 
Discussion  of  the  Wisconsin  experience  for  illustration. 

Mortimer,  J.  D.  The  Wisconsin  indeterminate  permit  law. 
Aera,  ii,  7-20  (1913). 

A  good  analysis  of  the  law,  including  a  reprint  of  the  statutory  pro- 
visions and  exceipts  from  court  decisions. 

Norton,  W.  J.  EflFects  of  the  indeterminate  franchise  under 
state  regulation.  Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Politi- 
cal and  Social  Science,  liii,  135-147  (1914). 

A  good,  annotated  account  of  the  law  and  the  experience  of  various 
states. 


>  I 

11 


■it 


i\ 


M 


146         BIBUOGRAPBY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

RowE,  L.  S.    The  relation  of  the  dty  to  pubhc  utilities,    (/n 
Problems  of  city  government.    New  York,  1908.)    208-240. 
A  good  elementary  discussion,  with  some  reference  to  franchise  terms! 

Sixes,  G.  C.    The  question  of  franchises.    Atlantic  Monthly 
xd,  408-415  (1903).  ""' 

A  popular  argument  for  the  indeterminate  permit. 

Wetterer,  C.  F.  W.    The  desirabiHty  of  indeterminate  instead 
of  fixed  term  franchises.    Stone  and  Webster  Journal,  xdii 
19-23  (1916).  ' 

A  good  elementary  article. 

Whinery,  Samuel.    Quasi-pubHc  corporations  and  thdr  con- 
trol.   (/«  Munidpal  pubUc  works:  their  inception,  construc- 
tion and  management.    New  York,  1903.)    219-241. 
Includes  a  brief  discussion  of  franchise  terms. 

Wilcox,  D.F.  The  control  of  pubHc  utilities.  (/«  The  Ameri- 
can dty:  a  problem  in  democracy.  New  York,  1911.)  52-90. 
Includes  a  very  brief  reference  to  franchise  terms. 

■  Munidpal  home  rule  and  pubhc  utility  franchises.    Na- 
tional Munidpal  Review,  iii,  13-27  (1914). 
Report  of  a  committee  of  the  National  munidpal  league 
A  good  discussion  of  the  advantages  of  term  franchises  aiid  the  dangers 
of  the  indeterminate  permit  where  munidpal  purdiase  is  re^te 
for  termmation  of  the  grant.  »«^u»iie 


IV,    PUBLIC  SERVICE  COMMISSIONS 

GENERAL  WORKS 

Aluson,  J.  E.    Work  of  public  service  commissions.     Public 
Service,  xii,  98-101  (191 2). 
Elementary. 

Bauer,  John.  The  control  of  return  on  public  utility  invest- 
ments.   Political  Science  Quarterly,  xxxi,  260-288  (1916). 

Purpose:  "  to  point  out  the  fundamental  difficulties  in  present  pro- 
cedure and  to  suggest  how  they  may  be  reasonably  overcome." 
Excellent. 

Beale,  J.  H.,  and  Wyman,  Bruce.  Railroad  rate  regulation: 
with  special  reference  to  the  powers  of  the  Interstate  com- 
merce commission  under  the  acts  to  regulate  conunerce. 
New  York,  1906.    2d  edition,  1915.    1210  pp. 

Book  IV.  Powers  of  the  commission. 
Ch.  xxi.  Supervisory  powers  of  the  commission, 
xxii.  Quasi-judicial  functions  of  the  commission. 

xxiii.  Procedure  before  the  commission. 

xxiv.  Judicial  review  of  commission  action. 
An  excellent,  thoroughly  annotated  legal  analysis.    Refers  only  to  the 

Interstate  conunerce  commission,  but  is  of  some  interest  for  all  public 

utilities. 

Beard,  C.  A.  Commissions  in  American  government.  (In 
McLaughlin,  A.  C,  and  Hart,  A.  B.  Cyclopedia  of  Ameri- 
can government.    New  York,  1914.)    i,  350-354. 

Includes  a  description  of  the  powers  and  duties  of  public  service  com- 
missions. 

Betts,  Philander.   Organization  of  a  public  service  commission. 

Aera,  iv,  95-98  (1915)- 
Good;  elementary. 

BusBY,  L.  A.    Regulation  of  public  utilities.    Journal  of  the 

Western  Society  of  Engineers,  xxi,  33-51  (1916). 

Discussion:  pp.  51-54.  A  very  popular  article,  of  interest  chiefly  for 
its  discussion  of  requirements  for  success  in  conmiission  regulation. 

U7 


i' 


148  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Busby,  L.  A.    Regulation  of  public  utilities.    Aera,  iv,  515-533 
(1916). 
Reprint. 

' Electric  Railway  Journal,  xlvi,  1081-1084  (1915). 

Abstract. 

Clark,  F.  C.  State  railroad  commissions  and  how  they  may  be 
made  effective.  Publications,  American  Economic  Associa- 
tion, vi,  473-582  (1891). 

History  with  discussion.  Includes  tables  of  the  organization,  powers 
and  duties  of  the  commissions. 

Crosby,  O.  T.  PubKc  poUcies  and  pubUc  utilities.  Public  Ser- 
vice, xiv,  49-52,  65-66  (1913). 

On  the  six  possible  relationships  between  the  company  and  the  public, 
need  for  greater  cooperation  and  for  more  certainty  as  to  return  to  be 
allowed  and  the  results  of  regulation. 

Dawes,  R.  C.  Regulation  by  commission.  Progressive  Age, 
3Kvii,  348-350  (1909). 

Regulation  of  utility  corporations.    Public  Service,  ix,  78- 

80,  88-89  (1910). 

Opposes  commission  control  and  defends  watered  stock. 

Duncan,  C.  S.  The  paternalism  of  public  service  conunissions. 
Fonma,  liii,  101-106  (1915). 

Dunn,  S.  O.    Fair  regulation  of  railroads.    North  American 
Review,  cxd,  185-194  (1910). 
Popular;  of  some  general  interest. 

The  state  railway  conmiissions.     Raihroad  Age  Gazette, 

xlvi,  123-125  (1909). 

A  tabular  analysis  of  the  personnel  of  the  various  raihoad  commissions 
(previous  experience,  salary,  terms,  etc.),  with  discussion. 

Erickson,  Halford.    Regulation  or  profit-sharing  ?    Electric 

Railway  Journal,  xliii,  257-262  (1914). 
Regulation  vs.  profit-sharing.    Aera,  ii,  789-800  (1914). 

EsHLEMAN,  J.  M.    What  regulation  must  accompHsh  if  it  is  to 
be  permanent.   Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political 
and  Social  Science,  Ivii,  94-110  (1915). 
Excellent. 


PUBUC  SERVICE  COMMISSIONS 


149 


EwiNG,  M.  C.  Recall  of  commissioners  illogical.  Public  Service, 
xvi,  47-48  (1914). 

Floy,  Henry.  The  engineer's  activity  in  public  affairs:  public 
utility  conmiissions  and  franchise  valuation.  Trans.,  Ameri- 
can Institute  of  Electrical  Engineers,  xxvii,  335-353  (1908). 

Discussion:  pp.  354-372.    A  general  commentary  on  commission  regu- 
lation and  franchise  value. 

FooTE,  A.  R.  Non-taxation  of  service  companies.  Public  Ser- 
vice, iii,  109-112  (1907). 

Foster,  H.  A.  Control  of  public  utilities.  (In  Engineering  val- 
uation of  public  utilities  and  factories.  New  York,  191 2.) 
259-263. 

Friedman,  H.  J.  A  word  about  commissions.  Harvard  Law 
Review,  xxv,  704-716  (191 2). 

An  exceUent  discussion  of  whether  commissions  are  legislative  or  ju- 
dicial and  of  the  importance  of  the  decision;  with  citations. 

Guernsey,  N.  T.   The  regulation  of  municipal  utilities.    Annals 

of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science, 

Ivii,  20-27  (i9i5)* 

Defense  of  the  companies,  comments  on  the  requirements  for  successful 
regulation  and  argument  for  non-interference  by  commissions. 

Utility  regulation.    Public  Service,  xvii,  175-178  (1914). 

Abstract. 

Hayes,  H.  V.  The  public's  financial  interest  in  public  utilities. 
North  American  Review,  cxcviii,  341-351  (1913). 

Holmes,  F.  L.    Regulation  of  railroads  and  public  utilities  in 
Wisconsin.    New  York,  191 5.    375  pp. 
Discusses  the  work  of  the  Wisconsin  commission  only,  but  serves  as  a 

very  good  general  work  on  all  phases  of  public  utiUty  regulation; 

rather  elementary. 
For  list  of  chapters,  see  p.  104. 

Humphreys,  A.  C.    The  engineer's  part  in  regulation  of  public 
utilities.    Public  Service,  xvi,  55-56  (1914). 
On  the  desirability  of  engineers  as  commissioners. 

Qualifications  of  a  public  service  commissioner.    Electric 

Railway  Journal,  xliv,  689-691  (1914). 
A  good,  popular  discussion. 


i 


!'•< 


ill 


[li 

ItH'  : 


150  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTILITIES 

Humphreys,  A.  C.  Reform  and  regulation.  Journal  of  the 
Boston  Society  of  Civil  Engineers,  iii,  271-294  (1916). 

Insull,  Samuel.  Some  comments  on  public  utility  commissions. 
Electric  Railway  Journal,  xlvii,  950-951  (1916). 

Jackson,  H.  D.  The  public  versus  the  public  service  corporation. 
Engineering  Magazine,  xlix,  402-409  (1915). 

Johnson,  E.  R.    The  principles  of  governmental  regulation  of 
railways.    Political  Science  Quarterly,  xv,  37-49  (1900). 
A  good,  somewhat  theoretical  article  on  the  requirements  for  success  in 
raih-oad  regulation.    Of  some  interest  for  other  public  utilities. 

Kerr,  W.  D.  Qualifications  needed  for  public  utilities  com- 
missioners. Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political 
and  Social  Science,  liii,  19-35  (1914)- 

An  excellent  annotated  classification  of  the  requirements  of  the  com- 
mission laws  of  all  states,  with  discussion. 

King,  C.  L.  The  need  for  public  utility  commissions.  (In  The 
regulation  of  municipal  utilities.  New  York,  191 2.)  185- 
207. 

A  good  elementary  discussion  of  the  various  possible  methods  of  public 
utility  regulation,  the  conclusion  being  in  favor  of  commissions. 

Knowles,  Morris.    State  regulation  of  public  utilities.    Public 
Service,  xiii,  253-255  (191 2). 
Good;  elementary. 

Lawton,  W.  H.     Depreciation,  intangible  values  and  rates. 

Journal  of  Accoimtancy,  xvii,  325-354  (1914). 

An  excellent  article  including  a  discussion  of  the  dangers  in  commission 
control. 

Lee,  G.  a.  The  regulation  of  public  service  utilities.  Public 
Service,  xv,  124-126  (1913). 

LovELAND,  H.  D.  How  commissions  regard  utilities.  Journal 
of  Electricity,  Power  and  Gas,  xxxiii,  11-13  (1914). 

McCuLLOCH,  Richard.  The  present  tendency  of  public  service 
regulation.  Proc,  American  Electric  Railway  Association, 
1913-  320-335. 

A  good  summary  of  the  usual  requirements  of  the  conunission  acts  on 
various  points.   Includes  a  large  tabular  analysis  of  the  laws  by  states. 


PUBUC  SERVICE  COMMISSIONS 


151 


McCuLLOCH,  Richard.     The  present  tendency  of  public  service 

regulation.    Electric  Railway  Journal,  xlii,  858-860  (1913). 

Abstract. 
McReynolds,  T.  C.    State  supervision  of  public  utilities.  Public 

Service,  ix,  105-108  (1910). 

Argument  in  favor  of  a  public  service  commission  for  Indiana. 

Maltbie,M.R.  Public  service  commissions.   (/«  McLaughlin, 

A.  C,  and  Hart,  A.  B.    Cyclopedia  of  American  government. 

New  York,  1914.)    iii,  108-110. 
Metcalf,  Leonard.   Public  utility  commissions  should  regulate, 

not  operate,  corporations.    Engineering  Record,  Ixxiv,  588- 

590  (1916). 
Meyer,  B  .  H.   Advantages  of  a  state  public  utilities  commission. 

Proc,  Minnesota  Academy  of  Social  Science,  vi,  58-64  (191 2). 

Discussion:  pp.  78-87. 
Myers,  G.  L.    Personnel  of  public  service  commissions.  Journal 

of  Electricity,  Power  and  Gas,  xxxi,  176-177  (1913)- 

A  good  criticism  of  methods  of  selection,  with  suggested  remedies. 

Public  Service,  xvi,  15-16,  26  (1914)- 

National  Civic  Federation.  Draft  bill  for  the  regulation  of 
public  utilities:  with  documents  relating  thereto.  New 
York?    1914.    124  pp. 

Contains  the  text  of  the  suggested  bill,  together  with  arguments  for  and 
against  proposed  amendments  and  a  table  showing  the  number  of 
members,  terms  and  salaries  of  the  various  conmiissions. 

Norton,  W.  J.  State  regulation.  Electrical  Review  and  Western 
Electrician,  brvi,  632-633  (191 5). 

An  interesting  discussion  of  various  conmiissions,  the  writer  asserting 
that  their  ill  success  has  been  due  to  poor  appointments  and  politics. 

The  two  epochs  of  rate  regulation.    Engineering  and  Con- 
tracting, xl,  282-284  (1913)- 
The  writer  believes  there  should  be  a  preparatory  and  final  period  of 

regulation,  and  discusses  the  situation  confronting  new  public  service 

conmiissions. 

Public  Service,  xv,  87-89  (1913). 


li' 


I 


152  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Nutting,  H.  G.  D.    Is  regulation  failing  ?    Electrical  Review 
and  Western  Electrician,  Ixv,  811-812  (1914). 

Pollock,  H.  M.    The  public  service  commissions  of  the  state  of 
New  York.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political 
and  Social  Science,  xxxi,  1 15-124  (1908). 
Discusses  briefly  the  danger  of  political  appointments. 

Prouty,  C.  a.    Court  protection  imsafe.    Public  Service  Regu- 
lation, i,  246-249  (191 2). 

The  writer  asserts  that  the  legislature  must  dominate  since  the  courts 
do  not  inspire  confidence. 

RoEMER,  J.  H.     Certain  important  provisions  of  the  public 
utilities  law  of  Wisconsin,  and  the  results  of  their  operation. 
Kansas  City  ?    191 1  ?    20  pp. 
A  general,  elementary  commentary  on  commission  regulation. 

RowE,  L.  S.    The  possibilities  and  limitations  of  municipal  con- 
trol.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and 
Social  Science,  1900:  supplement,  9-20. 
Shows  that  pecuniary  return  to  the  dty  should  be  subordinated  to 

quality  and  cost  of  service;   and  that  state  regulation  is  becoming 

increasingly  necessary. 

Vail,  T.  N.  Public  utilities  and  public  policy.  Atlantic  Monthly, 

cxi,  307-319  (1913)- 
State  control  of  public  utility  companies.    Public  Service, 

xi,  9-11,  26  (1911). 

Wages  subject  for  regulation.    Aera,  iv,  996-1000  (1916). 

Whitney,  T.  H.    Cooperation  and  harmony  between  companies, 
commissions  and  public.     Electric  Railway  Journal,  xliv, 
718-719  (1914). 
Popular. 

Wilcox,  D.  F.    The  crisis  in  public  service  regulation  in  New 
York.    National  Mimicipal  Review,  iv,  547-563  (1915). 
A  very  popular  historical  account  of  the  appointments  to  the  first  dis- 
trict commission.    Interesting  because  of  showing  the  efifect  of  poli- 
tics on  the  eflSciency  and  success  of  commissions. 

Effects  of  state  regulation  upon  the  mimidpal  ownership 

movement.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political 
and  Social  Science,  liii,  71-84  (1914). 


PUBUC  SERVICE  COMMISSIONS 


IS3 


I 


An  excellent  discussion  of  some  of  the  problems  and  results  of  conmiis- 
sion  regulation  in  the  various  states,  the  attitude  of  the  companies, 
public  and  courts  towards  the  conmiissions  and  the  effects  on  mu- 
nicipal ownership. 

Wilcox,  D.  F.  Supervision  of  local  utilities  by  state  com- 
missions.    (/«  Municipal  franchises.    New  York,  19 11.)    ii, 

732-745- 

Good;  elementary. 

Wood,  A.  E.   The  labor  problem  of  municipal  utilities.   Utilities 
Magazine,  i,  no.  7,  17-30  (1916). 
Advocates  placing  wage  adjustment  in  the  hands  of  the  conmiissions. 

fflSTORY 

Commissions  in  General 

Bemis,  E.  W.  Some  present  day  issues  of  public  utility  regula- 
tion. Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and 
Social  Science,  Ivii,  62-71  (191 5). 

Brief  popular  discussion  of  commission  regulation,  from  the  public's 
point  of  view. 

Bowman,  H.  M.   State  railroad  commissions.    (In  McLaughlin, 

A.  C,  and  Hart,  A.  B.    Cyclopedia  of  American  government. 

New  York,  1914.)    iii,  134-135. 

Includes  tables  —  by  states  —  of  the  date  of  organization  of  the  first 
conmiission,  and  of  jurisdiction. 

Clark,  F.  C.  State  railroad  commissions  and  how  they  may  be 
made  e£Fective.  Publications,  American  Economic  Associa- 
tion, vi,  473-582  (1891). 

History  with  discussion.  Includes  tables  of  the  organization,  powers 
and  duties  of  the  conmiissions. 

DiCKERMAN,  J.  C.    Standards  for  gas  service:    established  by 

public  service  commissions.    Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  6,  16- 

21  (1916). 

Supplementary  to  U.  S.  Bureau  of  standards,  "  Standards  for  gas  ser- 
vice "  (circular  no.  32,  3d  edition).  Codification  of  the  rules  of  all 
commissions. 

Dixon,  F.  H.  Recent  railroad  commission  legislation.  Political 
Science  Quarterly,  xx,  612-624  (1905). 


If 


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.x 


1 54         BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

DoHERTY,H.L.   State  regulation  of  lighting  enterprises.   Ameri- 
can Gas  Light  Journal,  Ixxxix,  92-98  (1908). 

A  general  historical  discussion  of  the  origins  and  development  of  the 
commission  movement. 

Dunn,  S.  O.    The  state  railway  commissions.    Railroad  Age 
Gazette,  xlvi,  123-125  (1909). 

A  tabular  analysis  of  the  personnel  of  the  various  railroad  conmiissions 
(previous  experience,  salary,  terms,  etc.),  with  discussion. 

Ferguson,  Maxwell.   State  regulation  of  railroads  in  the  south. 

Coliunbia  University  Studies  in  History,  Economics  and 

Public  Law,  Ixvii,  1-228  (1916). 

Includes  general  discussion,  history,  and  powers  of  the  commissions  in 
the  various  states,  treated  separately,  and  a  general  sunmiary  of  the 
present  conunission  situation. 

Floy,  Henry.    Public  service  commissions.    {In  Valuation  of 
public  utility  properties.    New  York,  1912.)    32-48. 
A  brief  sketch  of  commission  history  and  results. 

Gray,  J.  H.     Public  service  commissions.     Proc.,  American 

Political  Science  Association,  iv,  324-335  (1907). 

A  discussion  of  papers  by  W.  H.  Hatton  and  T.  M.  Osborne. 
Briefly  considers  the  regulation  in  certain  states. 

Gruhl,  Edwin.    Policies  of  regulating  bodies.    Aera,  iii,  24-33, 
1 13-123  (1914)- 
A  very  interesting  study. 

Hagenah,  W.  J.    The  development  of  the  true  function  of  the 
commission.    Electrical  World,  Ixvii,  16-17  (iQi^). 
Review  of  conmiission  regulation  in  1915. 

Heilman,  R.  E.    Commission  control  of  refunding  utility  se- 
curities.   Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  4,  26-30  (1916). 
Contains  many  citations  of  court  and  conmiission  decisions. 

The  development  by  conmiissions  of  the  principles  of 

public  utility  capitalization.    Journal  of  Political  Economy, 

xxiii,  888-909  (1915). 

An  excellent  annotated  study,  with  a  brief  discussion  of  the  attitude  of 
the  various  conunissions  on  important  capitalization  problems. 


PUBLIC  SERVICE  COMMISSIONS 


155 


Heilman,  R.  E.  Development  by  conmiissions  of  the  principles 
of  public  utility  valuation.  Quarterly  Journal  of  Economics, 
xxviii,  269-291  (1914). 

An  excellent  annotated  study,  with  a  brief  discussion  of  the  attitude  of 
the  various  commissions  on  certain  important  valuation  problems. 

Hills,  A.  S.  The  origin,  growth,  and  work  of  public  utility  com- 
missions.   Public  Service,  xii,  58-61  (191 2). 

HoDGKiNS,  H.  C.  Franchises  of  public  utilities  as  they  were  and 
as  they  are.  Journal  of  the  American  Waterworks  Associa- 
tion, ii,  739-758  (1915). 

A  very  interesting  study,  giving  a  brief  review  of  franchise  history, 
tables  of  the  terms  of  franchises  in  each  state  and  of  the  kinds  of 
utilities  coming  under  the  jurisdiction  of  the  various  conmiissions; 
with  discussion. 

HuEBNER,  G.  G.    Five  years  of  railroad  regulation  by  the  states. 

Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 

Science,  xxxii,  138-156  (1908). 

An  excellent  tabulation  of  the  conmiission  laws,  1902-1907. 
Supplementary  to  U.  S.,  Interstate  commerce  commission,  "  Railways 
in  the  United  States  in  1902  "  (part  IV). 

HuGGiNS,  W.  L.    State  regulation  of  public  utilities.    Public 

Service,  xiv,  175-176  (1913). 

States  that  commission  regulation  is  "only  a  return  to  common  law 
methods." 

Humphreys,  C.  J.  R.    The  development  of  the  public  utilities 

commissions  as  applied  to  the  gas  and  electric  business. 

American  Gas  Light  Journal,  xci,  223-233  (1909). 

An  historical  account  of  the  origin  of  the  commission  movement  and  an 
outline  of  the  earlier  commission  laws  in  various  states. 

Johnson,  E.  R.    Railway  regulation  by  the  states:    the  state 
commissions.    {In  Elements  of  transportation.    New  York, 
1909.)    132-139. 
An  elementary  historical  account. 

,  and  Van  Metre,  T.  W.    Regulation  of  railroads  by  the 

American  state  governments:  the  state  conunissions.  {In 
Principles  of  railway  transportation.  New  York,  1916.) 
467-491. 


■  I  I 
.11 

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9 


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^»;l 


156  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTILITIES 

Johnson,  E.  R.  Regulation  of  raOways  by  the  American  state 
governments:  the  state  commissions.  (In  American  railway 
transportation.  2d  revised  edition.  New  York,  1909.)  349- 
366. 

Kerr,  W.  D.  Qualifications  needed  for  public  utilities  commis- 
sioners. Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and 
Social  Science,  liii,  19-35  (1914)- 

An  excellent  annotated  classification  of  the  requirements  of  the  com- 
mission laws  of  all  states,  with  discussion. 

King,  C.  L.    Rules  regulating  water  service  adopted  by  state 
public  service  commissions.    Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  9,  19- 
23  (1916). 
Codification  of  the  rules  of  all  commissions. 

Klumpp,  J.  B.    Siunmary  of  conmiission  regulations  governing 
gas  supply.    American  Gas  Light  Journal,  ciii,  75  (1915). 
An  excellent  tabular  summary. 

Lee,  E.  B.  The  public  utility  movement:  public  service  com- 
missions.   Moody's  Magazine,  xiii,  465-469  (191 2). 

•  McCuLLOCH,  Richard.  The  present  tendency  of  public  service 
regulation.  Proc.,  American  Electric  Railway  Association, 
1913:  320-335. 

A  good  summary  of  the  usual  requirements  of  the  commission  acts  on 
various  points.   Includes  a  large  tabular  analysis  of  the  laws  by  states. 

Electric  Railway  Journal,  xlii,  858-860  (1913). 

Abstract. 

Tendency  of  utility  regulation.    Public  Service,  xv,  159- 

161  (1913). 
Abstract. 

McLean,  S.  J.   State  regulation  of  railways  in  the  United  States. 
Economic  Journal,  x,  349-369  (1900). 
A  thoroughly  annotated  historical  study. 

Maltbie,M.R.  Public  service  conunissions.  (/«  McLaughlin, 
A .  C . ,  and  Hart,  A .  B  .  Cyclopedia  of  American  government. 
New  York,  1914.)    iii,  108-110. 


PUBLIC  SERVICE  COMMISSIONS 


157 


Nash,  L.  R.  Development  of  commission  regulation.  Stone 
and  Webster  Public  Service  Journal,  xv,  18-27  (1914). 

A  tabular  analysis,  chart  and  discussion  of  the  authority  and  juris- 
diction of  the  various  state  conunissions. 

National  Civic  Federation.  Commission  regulation  of  public 
utilities:  a  compilation  and  analysis  of  laws  of  forty- three 
states  and  of  the  federal  government  for  the  regulation  by 
central  commissions  of  railroads  and  other  public  utilities. 
New  York,  1913.    1284  pp. 

— • —  Draft  bill  for  the  regulation  of  public  utilities:  with  docu- 
ments relating  thereto.    New  York  ?    1914.    124  pp. 
Includes  a  table  showing  the  number  of  commissioners,  their  terms, 
salaries  and  manner  of  selection,  for  the  various  state  conmiissions 
(pp.  111-114). 

Norton,  W.  J.  Approval  of  demand  rates  by  public  service 
conmiissions.  Electrical  Review  and  Western  Electrician, 
Ixv,  960-961  (1914). 

Effects  of  the  indeterminate  franchise  under  state  regula- 
tion.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and 
Social  Science,  liii,  135-147  (1914). 
A  good,  annotated  account  of  the  law  and  experience  of  various  states. 

State  regulation.     Electrical  Review  and  Western  Elec- 


trician, kvi,  632-633  (1915). 

An  interesting  discussion  of  various  conunissions,  the  writer  asserting 
that  their  ill  success  has  been  due  to  poor  appointments  and  politics. 

Nutting,  H.  G.  D.    Is  regulation  failing  ?    Electrical  Review 
and  Western  Electrician,  Ixv,  811-812  (1914). 

Pike,  C.  W.    Service  standards  for  electric  light  and  power  com- 
panies as  prescribed  by  public  service  commissions.    Utilities 
Magazine,  i,  no.  5,  21-28  (1916). 
See  revised  codification. 

Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  7,  30-40  (191 6). 


Revised  codification  of  the  rules  of  all  commissions. 

ScoBELL,  E.  C.  Variations  in  public  service  systems  of  account- 
ing. Proc.,  National  Electric  Light  Association,  19 14:  ac- 
counting session,  188-193. 


I 

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I 


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te 


158  BIBUOGRAPHY  OP  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Sharfman,  I.  L.    Commission  regulation  of  public  utilities:  a 

survey  of  legislation.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of 

Political  and  Social  Science,  liii,  1-18  (1914). 

An  excellent  account  of  the  provisions  of  the  commission  laws  of  all 
states,  thoroughly  annotated. 

Regulation  by  the  states.    {In  Railway  regulation.  Chicago, 

1915)    139-171- 

Reprint  of  "  Commission  regulation  of  public  utilities:  a  survey  of 
legislation." 

Thelen,  Max.    Report  on  leading  railroad  and  public  service 
commissions.    Sacramento,  191 2.    98  pp. 

An  excellent  report  on  the  organization  and  work  of  the  public  service 
commissions  of  Oregon,  Washington,  Nebraska,  Minnesota,  Wis- 
consin, New  York,  Massachusetts,  Maryland,  Georgia,  Texas  and 
Oklahoma. 

TiNGLEY,  C.  L.  S.    Present  tendency  of  public  utility  laws  and 

regulations.    Proc,  American  Electric  Railway  Association, 

i,  301-320  (1913). 

A  rather  general  discussion  of  commission  developments  and  especially 
of  the  new  Illinois  commission  law;  with  quotations  from  court 
decisions. 

U.  S.   Interstate    Commerce    Commission.      Railways   in   the 
United  States  in  1902.    Washington,  1903.    5  vols. 
Pt.  IV:   State  regulation  of  railways.    416  pp. 

Appendix  to  sixteenth  annual  report.  An  excellent  tabulation  of  the 
commission  laws  and  their  changes  since  1890.  For  a  supplementary 
compilation,  see  G.  G.  Huebner,  "  Five  years  of  railroad  regulation 
by  the  states." 

Wilcox,  D.  F.    Effects  of  state  regulation  upon  the  municipal 

ownership  movement.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of 

Political  and  Social  Science,  liii,  71-84  (1914). 

An  excellent  discussion  of  some  of  the  problems  and  results  of  com- 
mission regulation  in  the  various  states. 

California 

Eastwood,  J.  S.     The  railroad  commission  and  the  public. 

Journal  of  Electricity,  Power  and  Gas,  xxxii,  51-54  (1914). 

Discussion  of  state  vs.  local  regulation  in  California.  Favors  state 
control. 


PUBUC  SERVICE  COMMISSIONS 


159 


EscH,  Fred.   Utility  law  variations.   Public  Service  Regulation, 

i,  492-494  (1912). 

A  comparison  of  the  California  and  Wisconsin  acts. 

EsHLEMAN,  J.  M.   State  and  municipal  control  of  utilities.  Public 
Service  Regulation,  i,  587-593  (191 2). 
Abstract. 


State  vs,  municipal  regulations  of  public  utilities.  Na- 
tional Municipal  Review,  ii,  11-23  i^Q^s)- 

On  the  combination  of  state  and  local  regulation  in  California,  favoring 
state  control. 

SiNSHEiMER,  P.  A.  Ten  rules  for  service:  principles  applied  by 
the  railroad  commission  of  California  to  the  regulation  of 
public  utility  service.  Annals  of  the  American  Acad^iy  of 
Political  and  Social  Science,  liii,  292-306  (1914). 

Thelen,  Max.  A  California  problem.  Public  Service  Regula- 
tion, i,  662-663  (191 2). 

Discusses  question  of  whether  California  municipalities  should  delegate 
to  the  state  commission  their  powers  over  public  utilities. 

California's  new  law.    Public  Service  Regulation,  i,  260- 

262  (1912). 

Analysis  of  the  act  of  191 2. 

Public  utility  regulation  in  California.     Proc,  National 


Electric  Light  Association,  191 5:  general  session,  263-270. 
Brief  historical  sketch  of  electric  utilities  and  regulation  in  California. 

Los  Angeles 

MoHLER,  C.  K.  Public  utility  regulation  by  Los  Angeles.  Annals 
of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science, 
liii,  108-118  (1914). 
A  discussion  of  the  powers  and  work  of  the  commission. 

Works,  L.  R.    The  board  of  public  utilities  of  Los  Angeles.  {In 
King,  C.  L.    The  regulation  of  municipal  utilities.    New 
York,  191 2.)    208-218. 
A  brief,  popular  account  of  the  commission  and  its  work. 


l6o  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Colorado 

Staley,  D.  H.    Colorado  in  Utigation.    PubUc  Service  Regula- 
tion, i,  36-37  (1912). 
Brief  historical  sketch  of  the  Raikoad  commission  and  legislation. 

Illinois 

Bennett,  C.  G.     Illinois  utilities  conunission  and  the  water- 
works companies.     Journal  of  the  American  Waterworks 
Association,  ii,  382-389  (1915). 
A  brief  historical  sketch  and  discussion. 

Fairlie,  J.  A.    PubKc  utiUty  legislation  in  Illinois.    National 

Municipal  Review,  iii,  28-33  (1914). 

Historical  sketch  of  the  legislation  leading  up  to  the  enactment  of  the 
commission  law. 

Feustel,  R.  M.  Some  aspects  of  the  work  of  the  Illinois  utilities 
commission.  Journal  of  the  Western  Society  of  Engineers, 
^  965-974  (1914). 

Discussion:  pp.  974-978.    Considers  chiefly  the  organization  and  work 
of  the  engineering  department. 

French,  H.  J.  Laying  foundation  for  new  commission.  Public 
Service,  xi,  205-207  (191 1). 

An  Illinois  conunittee  makes  an  eighteen-month  investigation   tour 
before  preparing  the  commission  law. 

Norton,  W.  J.  Illinois  public  utility  commission  law  and  mu- 
nicipal ownership  law:  with  annotations,  marginal  notes  and 
index  digest.    Chicago,  1913.    200  pp. 

Robinson,  M.  H.   The  pubKc  utilities  commission.   (/»  A  report 

on  supervision  of  corporations  and  related  business.    Chicago, 

1914.)   39-48. 

Report  prepared  for  Efficiency  and  economy  conmiittee,  Illinois  legis- 
lature. 
A  good  historical  sketch. 

TiNGLEY,  C.  L.  S.  Present  tendency  of  public  utility  laws  and 
regulations.  Proc,  American  Electric  Railway  Association, 
1,301-320(1913). 

A  rather  general  discussion  of  commission  developments  and  especially 
of  the  new  Illinois  conmiission  law;  with  quotations  from  court  de- 
cisions on  regulation. 


PUBUC  SERVICE  COMMISSIONS 


161 


Wherry,  W.  M.,  Jr.    Four  public  utilities  laws  analyzed:   Illi- 
nois, Indiana,  Pennsylvania  and  West  Virginia.     ?,  1913. 
91pp. 
Each  law  analyzed  separately  by  sections. 

Chicago 

Arnold,  B.  J.,  Fleming,  H.  B.,  and  Weston,  George.   Phases 

in  the  development  of  the  street  railways  of  Chicago.  Journal 

of  the  Western  Society  of  Engineers,  xiv,  641-668  (1909). 

An  account  of  the  formation  and  work  of  the  Board  of  supervising 
engineers,  by  George  Weston:  pp.  653-668. 

Indiana 

Duncan,  T.  C.  Purposes  and  methods  of  the  Indiana  utility  act. 
Indianapolis,  1913.    17  pp. 
Brief  discussion  of  the  act,  by  the  chairman  of  the  commission. 

McReynolds,  T.  C.   State  supervision  of  public  utilities.  Public 
Service,  ix,  105-108  (1910). 
Argument  in  favor  of  a  public  service  conmiission  for  Indiana. 

Wherry,  W.  M.,  Jr.    Four  public  utilities  laws  analyzed:  Illi- 
nois, Indiana,  Pennsylvania  and  West  Virginia.     ?,  1913. 
91pp. 
Each  law  analyzed  separately  by  sections. 

loWA 

Dexon,  F.  H.    State  railroad  control:   with  a  history  of  its  de- 
velopment in  Iowa.    New  York,  1896  ?    250  pp. 

An  excellent  study  of  the  history  of  railroad  legislation  and  commission 
regulation  in  Iowa;  of  interest  for  all  public  utilities. 

Downey,  E.  H.    Regulation  of  urban  utilities  in  Iowa.    Iowa 
City,  191 2.    174  PP- 

Iowa  applied  history  series,  i,  no.  3. 

Public  service  conmiissions  in  the  United  States,  pp.  58-100. 

An  excellent,  thoroughly  annotated  study  of  public  service  conmiission 

laws,  with  tables  showing  the  powers  and  organization  of  the  various 

commissions. 


1 62         BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTILITIES 

Massachusetts 
Adams,  A.  D.    The  New  York  and  Massachusetts  commissions 
of  gas  and  electricity.    Electrical  Worid  and  Engineer,  xlvi. 
97-98  (1905). 

Regulation  of  electric  rates  in  Massachusetts.    Electrical 
World  and  Engineer,  xlvi,  391-392,  442-443,  484-486  (1905). 

Gives  the  facts  and  rulings  in  various  cases  before  the  commission,  with- 
out discussion. 

Regulation  of  gas  and  electric  rates*  in  Massachusetts. 

Electrical  World  and  Engineer,  xlvi,  310-311, 348-349  (1905). 

Gives  the  facts  and  rulings  in  various  gas  rate  cases  before  the  com- 
mission,  without  discussion. 

Eastman,  J.  B.   The  pubUc  service  commission  of  Massachusetts. 

Quarterly  Journal  of  Economics,  xxvii,  699-707  (1913). 

An  historical  discussion,  with  an  account  of  the  powers  of  the  new  com- 
mission. 

The  public  utilities  commissions  of  Massachusetts.    Proc, 
National  Conference  for  Good  City  Government,  1908:  288-' 
307. 
A  discussion  of  the  commissions  and  their  work. 

7,  (^^  King,  C.  L.    The  regulation  of  municipal  util- 

ities.   New  York,  191 2.)    276-295. 
Revised  reprint. 

Gray,  J.  H.  Competition  and  capitalization  as  controlled  by  the 
Massachusetts  gas  commission.  Quarterly  Journal  of  Eco- 
nomics, XV,  254-276  (1901). 

The  gas  commission  of  Massachusetts.    Quarterly  Journal 
of  Economics,  xiv,  509-536  (1900). 
Historical  study. 

ScovELL,  C.  H.  A  report  on  the  poKdes  and  administrative 
work  of  the  commissions  regulating  pubUc  service  companies 
in  Massachusetts.    Boston,  191 1.    45  pp. 

Report  to  the  governor  of  Massachusetts.  Chiefly  of  historical  interest. 
The  wnter  recommends  a  single  public  utility  commission  to  secure 
uniformity  and  more  expert  service. 


PUBUC  SERVICE  COMMISSIONS 


163 


Warren,  B.W.   The  state  and  the  street  railway:  one  successful 

solution  of  the  problem  of  their  mutual  relations.    Green  Bag, 

xvii,  33-42  (1905). 

An  historical  and  descriptive  account  of  the  Massachusetts  system  of 
traction  regulation. 

Minnesota 

Jones,  S.  P.  The  advisability  of  a  state  public  utilities  com- 
mission for  Minnesota.  Proc.,  Minnesota  Academy  of  Social 
Science,  vi,  65-77  (1912). 

The  writer  favors  local  commissions  for  the  large  cities  and  a  state  com- 
mission having  jurisdiction  only  over  rural  communities. 

Missouri 
Kansas  City 

Harzfeld,  J.  A.     The  utilities  commission  of  Kansas  City, 
,    Missouri.     (In  King,  C.  L.    The  regulation  of  municipal 

utilities.    New  York,  1912.)    219-230. 

A  brief,  popular  account  of  the  commission  and  its  work. 

St.  Louis 

Baldwin,  R.N.    The  St.  Louis  public  service  commission.    (In 
King,  C.  L.    The  regulation  of  municipal  utilities.    New 
York,  191 2.)    231-249. 
A  popular  account  of  the  commission  and  its  work. 

New  Jersey 

Daniels,  W.M.    "  Law  that  has  teeth."   Public  Service  Regu- 
lation, i,  31-32  (1912). 
An  outline  of  the  provisions  of  the  public  utiUty  act. 

New  York 

Adams,  A.  D.  The  New  York  and  Massachusetts  commissions 
of  gas  and  electricity.  Electrical  World  and  Engineer,  xlvi, 
97-98(1905). 

Anderson,  William.  The  work  of  public  service  commissions, 
with  special  reference  to  the  New  York  conunissions.  Minne- 
apolis, 1913.   44  pp. 

University  of  Minnesota,  Current  problems  series,  no.  i. 
Elementary. 


I 


I 


I 


164 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


BriiI:re,  Henry.  Public  utilities  regulation  in  New  York. 
Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 
Science,  xxxi,  1-17  (1908). 

Edwaiu)S,  H.  M.    Regulated  electric  light  accounting.    Proc., 
National  Electric  Light  Association,  191 2:  vol.  ii,  106-137. 
Discussion:  pp.  137-148.    A  critical  analysis  of  the  accounting  system 
prescribed  by  the  New  York  conunission.    Technical. 

FooTE,  A.  R.    Regulation  of  public  utilities:   a  comparison  of 
the  New  York  and  Wisconsin  public  utility  bills.    Columbus, 
1911.    36  pp. 
A  detailed  comparison  of  the  various  clauses;  with  a  short  bibliography. 

Grant,  G.  R.    The  New  York  public  service  conmiission  for  the 

second  district.    {In  King,  C.  L.   The  regulation  of  municipal 

utilities.    New  York,  191 2.)    326-341. 
Elementary. 

Rowland,  H.  J.  A  year  of  "government  by  conmiission." 
Outlook,  xc,  483-490  (1908). 

A  ix)pular,  but  interesting  account  of  the  commissions'  work,  with 
answers  to  arguments  of  their  opponents. 

Hunter,  C.  F.  Conmiission's  electrical  testing  out£t.  Public 
Service  Regulation,  i,  333-335  (1912). 

Description  of  the  testing  equipment  of  the  New  York  public  service 
conmiission  for  the  second  district,  illustrated  with  photographs. 

IviNS,  W.  M.,  and  Mason,  H.  D.  The  control  of  public  utilities: 
in  the  form  of  an  annotation  of  the  public  service  conunissions 
law  of  the  state  of  New  York,  and  covering  all  important 
American  cases,  together  with  the  text  of  the  federal  inter- 
state commerce  act  and  the  rapid  transit  act  of  New  York, 
with  elaborate  indexes  of  the  same  and  numerous  comparative 
notes  and  cross  references  to  parallel  provisions  in  the  several 
acts.  New  York,  1908.  1149  pp. 
A  very  thorough  legal  work. 

Kennedy,  J.  S.  The  New  York  public  service  commissions. 
Forum,  xlviii,  584-595  (1912). 

Lapp,  J.  A.    Public  utilities  control.   American  Political  Science 

Review,  i,  626-638  (1907). 

Analysis  and  comparison  of  the  New  York  and  Wisconsin  commission 
laws. 


PUBUC  SERVICE  COMMISSIONS 


i6s 


Leonam),  C.  F.    Gas  service  regulation  in  New  York.    Public 
Service  Regulation,  i,  455-458  (1912). 
Description  of  the  testing  equipment  and  methods  of  the  New  York 

public  service  conmiission  for  the  second  district,  illustrated  with 

photographs. 

McClellan,  William.    Diverted  efforts  of  commissions.   Amer- 
ican Gas  Light  Journal,  civ,  118-119  (1916). 
The  writer  asserts  that  failure  of  the  New  York  commissions  to  properly 

regulate  rates  and  service  has  been  due  to  their  having  too  many  other 

duties. 

Maltbie,  M.  R.    The  fruits  of  public  regulation  in  New  York. 

Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 

Science,  xxxvii,  170-190  (191 1). 

On  the  work  of  the  commission,  and  the  service  and  other  improvements 
resulting. 

Mead,  E.  S.    The  public  service  commission  and  the  investor. 
Lippincott's  Monthly  Magazine,  xc,  764-768  (191 2). 
A  popular  discussion  of  the  control  of  capitalization  by  the  New  York 
commissions. 

Osborne,  T.  M.    The  New  York  public  service  commissions. 
Proc.,  National  Conference  for  Good  City  Government,  1908: 
269-287. 
A  discussion  of  the  provisions  of  the  law. 

The  public  service  commissions  law  of  New  York  state. 

Proc.,  American  Political  Science  Association,  iv,  287-304 

(1907). 

Discussion:  pp.  324-335-    An  analysis  and  discussion  of  the  act. 
Atlantic  Monthly,  ci,  544-554  (1908). 


The  public  utility  law  of  New  York.     {In  King,  C.  L. 

The  regulation  of  municipal  utilities.     New  York,  1912.) 
318-326. 

Revised  and  reprinted  from  Proc.,  National  Conference  for  Good  City 
Government. 

Pollock,  H.  M.  The  public  service  commissions  of  the  state  of 
New  York.  Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political 
and  Social  Science,  xxxi,  11 5-1 24  (1908). 

Stowe,  L.  B.  The  public  service  companies  and  the  people. 
Outlook,  xcv,  515-521  (1910). 


^ 


m 


i66 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


Whitney,  T.  H.   The  New  York  City  public  service  commission. 
Proc,   American  Political  Science  Association,  v,  96-110 
(1908). 
An  excellent  account  of  the  provisions  of  the  act. 

New  York  public  utilities.    Public  Service  Regulation,  i, 

127-128  (1912). 

The  public  service  commissions  act  of  New  York.    Green 


Bag,  xix,  412-424  (1907). 
A  detailed  analysis  of  the  act. 

WmxTEN,  R.  H.    The  work  of  the  public  service  commission  for 
the  first  district,  New  York.    {In  King,  C.  L.  The  regulation 
of  municipal  utilities.    New  York,  191 2.)    341-377. 
Elementary. 

Wilcox,  D.  F.    The  crisis  in  public  service  regulation  in  New 

York.    National  Municipal  Review,  iv,  547-563  (191 5). 

A  very  popular  historical  account  of  the  appointments  to  the  first  dis- 
trict commission.  Interesting  because  of  lowing  the  effect  of  politics 
on  the  efficiency  and  success  of  commissions. 

Needed  changes  in  the  public  service  laws  of  New  York. 

Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  2,  14-16  (1915). 

An  excellent  brief  discussion  of  the  division  of  functions  between  state 
and  local  regulation. 

Public  service  commission  situation  in  New  York.    Na- 


tional Municipal  Review,  v,  307-309  (1916). 

A  supplementary  note  to  "  The  crisis  in  public  service  regulation  in 
New  York." 

New  York 

Maltbie,  M.  R.    a  rapid  transit  policy  for  greater  New  York. 

Proc,  National  Conference  for  Good  City  Government,  1909: 

390-402. 

An  historical  sketch,  with  discussion  of  the  work  of  the  rapid  transit 
commission. 

(In  King,  C.  L.  The  regulation  of  municipal  utilities. 


New  York,  191 2.)    120-136. 
Revised  reprint. 


PUBUC  SERVICE  COMMISSIONS 


Ohio 


167 


Gaskill,  D.  L.    Ohio's  public  utility  law's  weakness.    Public 
Service,  xi,  49-51  (191 1). 
A  brief  discussion  of  certain  sections  of  the  act. 

Radcliffe,  C.  a.    PubUc  utiUty  act  of  Ohio.    PubUc  Service 

Regulation,  i,  35  (1912). 

Very  brief  account  of  the  current  act  replacing  the  railroad  commission 
by  a  public  service  commission. 

Oklahoma 

McKay,  E.  F.     The  Oklahoma  conmiission.     Public  Service 
Regulation,  i,  29-30  (1912). 
On  the  organization,  powers  and  work  of  the  commission. 

Pennsylvania 

BowN,  C.  E.  Some  defects  in  the  present  Pennsylvania  statute 
on  public  utilities.  Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Po- 
litical and  Social  Science,  liii,  45-54  (1914). 

MuNSON,  C.  LaR.    Pennsylvania  public  service  law.    Yale  Law 
Journal,  xxiii,  214-247  (1914). 
A  detailed  analysis  of  the  act. 

The  public  service  company  law  of  Pennsylvania  (approved 

July  26,  1913):    digested,  topically  arranged  and  indexed 
(with  a  copy  of  the  act).    Williamsport,  1913  ?    75  pp. 

Stratton,  I.  W.  State  and  local  regulation  in  Pennsylvania. 
Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 
Science,  Ivii,  175-185  (1915). 

A  criticism  of  the  commission  law,  because  of  too  much  power,  red  tape 
and  irresponsibility. 

Tener,  J.  K.   The  need  for  a  public  utilities  bill  in  Pennsylvania. 
National  Municipal  Review,  i,  401-403  (191 2). 
A  popular  article  advocating  a  commission  with  greater  powers  of  en- 
forcement of  its  findings. 

Trinkle,  W.  N.    The  public  service  company  law  of  Pennsyl- 
vania.   Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and 
Social  Science,  liii,  36-44  (1914). 
An  analysis  and  criticism  of  the  commission  act. 


1 68  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTILITIES 

Wherry,  W.  M.,  Jr.    Four  public  utilities  laws  analyzed:   Illi- 
nois, Indiana,  Pennsylvania  and  West  Virginia.     ?,  1913. 
91pp. 
Each  law  analyzed  separately  by  sections. 

Texas 

Haney,  L.  H.    Railway  regulation  in  Texas.   Journal  of  Political 
Economy,  xix,  437-455  (191 1). 
A  discussion  of  the  railroad  commission  law;  of  some  general  interest. 

Vermont 

Marston,  Glenn.   Vermont  public  utilities  bill.   Public  Service, 
vi,  109-110  (1909). 
A  brief  arraignment  of  the  act. 

Virginia 

Braxton,  A.  C.    The  Virginia  state  corporation  commission. 
American  Law  Review,  xxxviii,  481-499  (1904). 
An  historical  sketch  and  analysis  of  the  law;  technical. 

Magruder,  F.  a.  Recent  administration  in  Virginia.  Johns 
Hopkins  University  Studies  in  History  and  Political  Science, 
XXX,  11-199  (1912). 

Public  service  corporations:  pp.  147-162. 

A  good  historical  study  of  the  commissions  and  public  service  regulation. 

Washington 

Smith,  J.  A.  Municipal  t>5.  state  control  of  public  utilities.  Na- 
tional Municipal  Review,  iii,  34-43  (1914). 

Arguments  against  exclusive  state  control,  including  brief  discussion  of 
the  Washington  law. 

West  Virginia 

Wherry,  W.  M.,  Jr.    Four  public  utilities  laws  analyzed:  Illi- 
nois, Indiana,  Pennsylvania  and  West  Virginia.     ?,  1913. 
91  pp. 
Each  law  analyzed  separately  by  sections. 


PUBLIC  SERVICE  COMMISSIONS 
Wisconsin 


169 


Bryan,  W.  H.  Going  value  as  an  element  in  the  appraisal  of 
public  utility  properties.  Journal  of  the  Association  of  En- 
gineering Societies,  xliii,  147-158  (1909). 

Discussion:  pp.  286-288.  A  very  interesting  discussion  of  intangible 
values  as  considered  by  the  Wisconsin  commission,  and  by  J.  W. 
Alvord  in  his  "  Notes  on  going  value  and  methods  for  its  computa- 
tion." 

Journal  of  Electricity,  Power  and  Gas,  xxiv,  31-35 

(1910). 
Reprint. 

Cadby,  J.  N.    Regulating  the  quality  of  public  utility  service. 

Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 

Science,  liii,  262-268  (1914). 

A  brief  description  of  the  Wisconsin  commission's  practice. 
Standards  for  gas  and  electric  service.     Public  Service 

Regulation,  ii,  94-99  (1913). 

An  outline  of  proposed  changes  in  the  service  standards  of  the  Wiscon- 
sin commission;  with  brief  discussion. 

Commons,  J.  R.    The  La  Follette  railroad  law  in  Wisconsin. 

American  Monthly  Review  of  Reviews,  xxxii,  76-79  (1905). 
The  Wisconsin  public  utilities  law.   American  Review  of 

Reviews,  xxxvi,  221-224  (1907). 

Brief  popular  discussion  of  the  law  and  its  provisions. 

Cravath,  J.  R.    Demand  and  diversity  factors  and  their  influ- 
ence on  rates.    Electrical  World,  Ivi,  567-570  (1910). 
A  good  discussion,  with  tables  compiled  by  the  Wisconsin  commission; 
semi-technical. 

Crowley,  J.  C.    Control  helps  utilities.    Public  Service  Regu- 
lation, i,  181  (191 2). 

Dkeher,  H.  W.    Effect  of  utility  regulations  upon  the  banks. 
Public  Service,  xv,  21-22  (19 13). 
On  the  beneficial  results  of  the  Wisconsin  public  utility  law. 

Erickson,  Halford.     Methods  of  determining  life  of  public 

utilities.     Engineering  and   Contracting,   xxxviii,   448-450 

(1912). 

Abstract.    Treats  chiefly  of  methods  of  estimating  life  of  equipment 
used  by  the  Wisconsin  commission. 


I70 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


Erickson,  Halford.    Methods  of  providing  for  and  recording 

depreciation.    Engineering  and  Contracting,  xxxviii,  506-511 

(1912). 

Abstract.  A  technical  discussion  of  the  accountancy  of  depreciation 
of  the  Wisconsin  commission;  with  tables.  A  continuation  of  the 
abstract  entitled  "  Methods  of  determining  life  of  public  utilities." 

Rates  and  rate  making  under  the  Wisconsin  public  utility 

law.    Proc,  American  Waterworks  Association,  xxxiii,  49-68 

(1913)- 

Discussion:  pp.  68-77.  "  My  purpose  here  is  to  explain  the  work  in- 
volved, the  facts  that  are  needed  and  the  methods  employed  in  mak- 
ing rates  for  waterworks  under  the  public  utility  law  in  Wisconsin." 

The  regulation  of  public  utilities  in  Wisconsin.    Journal  of 

the  Western  Society  of  Engineers,  xviii,  398-422  (1913). 

Discussion:  pp.  423-440.  A  good  elementary  description  of  the  work  of 
the  commission. 

Public  Service,  xiv,  135-138,  179-181  (1913). 

Abstract. 

Regulation   of   utilities   by   commission.     Railway  Age 

Gazette,  Uv,  755-759  (1913). 
Abstract. 

Wisconsin  method  of  depreciation  accounting.    Gas  Age, 

xxxiv,  113-117  (1914). 

EscH,  Fred.    Utility  law  variations.    Public  Service  Regulation, 

1,492-494  (1912). 

A  comparison  of  the  California  and  Wisconsin  acts. 

Fairchild,  A.  W.    Review  of  recent  legislation  in  Wisconsin 

afifecting  public  utilities.    Electric  Railway  Journal,  xxxix, 

145-146  (1912). 

A  brief  description  of  the  stock  and  bond  law,  and  the  indeterminate 
permit  legislation. 

FooTE,  A.  R.   Regulation  of  public  utilities:  a  comparison  of  the 
New  York  and  Wisconsin  public  utility  bills.     Columbus, 
191 1.    36  pp. 
A  detailed  comparison  of  the  various  clauses;  with  a  short  bibliograj^y. 

GiLMORE,  E.  A.   The  Wisconsin  public  utilities  act.   Green  Bag, 

»x,  517-525  (1907). 

A  detailed  analysis  of  the  provisions  of  the  act. 


PUBLIC  SERVICE  COMMISSIONS 


171 


Holmes,  F.  L.    Regulation  of  railroads  and  public  utilities  in 

Wisconsin.    New  York,  191 5.    375  pp. 

A  very  good  annotated  summary  of  the  work  of  the  commission. 
For  list  of  chapters,  see  p.  104. 

Regulation  that  regulates.     Independent,  Ixviii,  905-910 

(1910). 

A  popular  account  of  the  Wisconsin  commission  and  its  work;    with 
portraits  of  the  commissioners. 

HuDNALL,  G.  H.  Public  service  conmiission  law  of  Wisconsin. 
Proc.,  American  Political  Science  Association,  iv,  316-323 
(1907)- 

Johnson,  R.  V.    Workings  of  Wisconsin  commission.    Public 

Service,  xii,  129-132,  145-146  (191 2). 

Treats  chiefly  of  the  benefits  resulting,  and  includes  extracts  from  re- 
marks of  various  utility  managers. 

King,  C.  L.  Minnesota  home  rule  and  Wisconsin  regulation. 
National  Municipal  Review,  iii,  564-572  (1914). 

A  reply  to  Minnesota  home  rule  league's  "  Regulation  of  public  utilities 

in  Wisconsin." 
A  good  discussion  of  the  work  of  the  Wisconsin  commission,  and  results 

therefrom. 

Lapp,  J.  A.  Public  utilities  control.  American  Political  Science 
Review,  i,  626-638  (1907). 

Analysis  and  comparison  of  the  New  York  and  Wisconsin  commission 
laws. 

Lewis,  H.  T.    Interest  and  profits  in  rate  regulation:  the  prac- 
tice of  the  Wisconsin  railroad  commission.    Political  Science 
Quarterly,  xxvii,  239-259  (1912). 
A  good  analysis,  with  many  quotations  from  cases  before  the  commission. 

Mathews,  G.  C.    Wisconsin  water  rates.    Public  Service  Regu- 
lation, i,  33-35  (1912). 
Discussion  of  the  methods  and  procedure  used. 

Meyes,  B.  H.    State  supervision  of  electric  railways  in  Wiscon- 
sin.   Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 
Science,  xxxvii,  160-169  (191 1). 
Relates  to  service  requirements  in  particular. 


i 


172  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTILITIES 

Meyer,  B.  H.    What  the  Wisconsin  utilities  commission  has 
done.    Concerning  Municipal  Ownership,  iii,  27-28  (1908). 
Abstract. 

The  Wisconsin  public  utilities  commission.    (In  King,  C.  L. 

The  regulation  of  municipal  utilities.     New  York,  191 2.) 

296-317. 

Reprinted  from  Proc.,  National  Conference  for  Good  City  Government. 

The  Wisconsin  public  utilities  law.    Proc.,  National  Con- 
ference for  Good  City  Government,  1908:   257-268. 

An  account  of  the  work  of  the  conmiission  and  the  resulting  benefits; 
with  one  table. 

Electric  Railway  Journal,  xxxiii,  103-104  (1909). 


Abstract. 

Miller,  W.  E.  Ashland  water  rate  decision  explained.  Engi- 
neering Record,  hod,  805-807  (1915). 

On  decisions  of  the  Wisconsin  commission  refusing  to  accept  4  per  cent 
as  an  adequate  return,  and  revising  rates. 

Minnesota  Home  Rule  League.  Regulation  of  public  utilities  in 
Wisconsin:  an  analysis  of  the  system  and  the  results.  Minne- 
apolis, 1 914.    46  pp. 

A  brief  arraignment  of  the  conmiission;  unconvincing. 
For  a  reply,  see  C.  L.  King,  "  Minnesota  home  rule  and  Wisconsin  regu- 
lation." 

Pence,  W.  D.  The  functions  of  a  technical  staff  in  public  utility 
regulation.  Proc.,  Indiana  Sanitary  and  Water  Supply  Asso- 
ciation, 1913:  114-142. 

Describes  the  work  of  the  Wisconsin  commission's  technical  staff;  in- 
cludes an  outline  of  the  inventory  used  and  of  the  form  of  organization. 

Functions  of  a  technical  staff  in  the  regulation  of  public 

utilities.    Engineering  Record,  Ixvii,  260-262  (1913). 
Abstract. 

The  valuation  and  inspection  work  of  the  joint  engineering 

staff  of  the  Wisconsin  tax  and  railroad  conmiissions.    Engi- 
neering News,  Ld,  227-229  (1909). 
Abstract. 


PUBUC  SERVICE  COMMISSIONS 


173 


Pence,  W.  D.    Valuation  by  Wisconsin  state  engineers.    Public 

Service  Regulation,  ii,  127-130  (1913). 
Abstract. 

Wisconsin  service  inspection  and  improvement.     Public 

Service  Regulation,  ii,  167-171  (1913). 
Abstract. 

The  work  of  the  joint  engineering  staff  of  the  Wisconsin 

tax  and  raOroad  commissions.    Journal  of  the  Western  So- 
ciety of  Engineers,  xiv,  73-100  (1909). 

Discussion:  pp.  loo-iii.    A  full  account  of  the  organization  and  work 
of  the  engineering  department. 

Engineering  Record,  lix,  10-12,  49-52,  73-75  (1909). 


Reprint. 

RoEMER,  J.  H.    The  causes  and  effects  of  a  public  utility  com- 
mission.   Public  Service,  xi,  37-39,  85-88  (191 1). 
Treats  chiefly  of  the  regulation  of  service  by  the  Wisconsin  conmiission. 

Madison,  191 1.    25  pp. 

Certain  important  provisions  of  the  public  utilities  law  of 

Wisconsin,  and  the  results  of  their  operation.    Kansas  City  ? 
191 1  ?    20  pp. 

Methods  of  regulating  public  utilities.     Public  Service, 

xvii,  79-82  (1914). 

Some  features  of  state  regulation  of  public  utilities.  Madi- 
son, 1909.    25  pp. 

A  very  general  and  popular  article  on  regulation  and  the  work  of  the 
Wisconsin  conmiission. 

Salmon,  C.  B.    Wisconsin  public  utility  law:  its  operation  and 

results.   Proc.,  American  Waterworks  Association,  xxix,  163- 

171  (1909). 

Discussion:  pp.  1 71-183.    An  analysis  of  the  law,  by  clauses. 

Mimicipal  Engineering,  xxxvii,  27-31  (1909). 

Reprint. 

The  Wisconsin  utility  law:    its  benefits  and  restrictions. 

Proc.,  Central  States  Waterworks  Association,  191 2:  97-109. 
Discussion:   pp.  109-112.    A  good  elementary  account  of  the  commis- 
sion's work,  including  a  brief  analysis  of  the  act. 


174 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


m 


SiEFERT,  C.  A.  Unifonn  classification.  Public  Service  Regu- 
lation, i,  285-288  (191 2). 

A  description  of  the  water  utility  accounting  under  the  Wisconsin  com- 
mission. 

Strait,  E.  N.    Wisconsin  commission  method  of  rate  making. 

Gas  Age,  xxxv,  263-268  (191 5). 

Describes  the  "  mechanical  procedure  "  by  which  gas  and  electric  rates 
are  derived.    Includes  illustrative  tables  and  one  chart. 

Watkins,  G.  p.  Electrical  rates  in  the  opinions  of  the  Wiscon- 
sin conunission.  Quarterly  Journal  of  Economics,  xxvii,  373- 
378  (1913)- 

STATE  vs.  LOCAL  REGULATION 

BowN,  C.  E.    Some  defects  in  the  present  Pennsylvania  statute 

on  public  utilities.     Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of 

Political  and  Social  Science,  liii,  45-54  (1914). 

Asserts  that  municipalities  should  have  more  power,  and  the  right  to 
compete  with  private  plants. 

Dailey,  John.   State  vs,  dty  control.  Public  Service  Regulation, 

i,  183-184  (1912). 

• 

Downey,  E.  H.  Regulation  of  urban  utilities  in  Iowa.  Iowa 
City,  191 2.    174  pp. 

Iowa  applied  history  series,  i,  no.  3. 

The  failure  of  local  regulation:  pp.  39-51. 

The  appropriate  organ  of  state  regulation:  pp.  52-59. 

An  excellent  argument  for  state  regulation. 

Eastwood,  J.  S.     The  railroad  commission  and  the  public. 
Journal  of  Electricity,  Power  and  Gas,  xxxii,  51-54  (1914). 
The  writer  favors  state  control. 

Eberhart,  a.  O.  Why  I  believe  in  state  regulation  of  public 
service  utilities.   Public  Service,  xv,  157-158  (1913). 

Erickson,  Halford.  The  advantages  of  state  regulation.  Annals 

of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science, 

Ivii,  123-162  (1915). 

The  writer  favors  state  regulation  as  being  more  uniform  and  because 
the  cities  lack  the  necessary  money  and  facilities. 


PUBUC  SERVICE  COMMISSIONS 


17s 


EsHLEMAN,  J.  M.    State  and  municipal  control  of  utilities.  Pub- 
lic Service  Regulation,  i,  587-593  (1912). 
Abstract. 

State  vs,  municipal  regulations  of  public  utilities.     Na- 
tional Municipal  Review,  ii,  11-23  (i9i3)* 
On  the  combination  of  state  and  local  regulation  in  California,  favoring 
state  control. 

What  regulation  must  accomplish  if  it  is  to  be  permanent. 


Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 

Science,  Ivii,  94-110  (1915). 
Excellent  general  discussion. 

Hagenah,  W.  J.  State  control  versus  municipal.  Public  Service, 

xiv,  21-22  (1913). 

A  good  popular  argument  for  state  conmiissions. 

Hakrison,  C.  H.    The  regulation  of  public  utilities.    Annals  of 
the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  Ivii, 

54-61  (1915). 

Elementary  discussion,  including  the  advantages  of  local  regulation. 

Hatton,  W.  H.     Public  service  commissions.     Publications, 

American  Economic  Association,  3d  series,  ix,  263-278  (1908). 
Discussion:  pp.  279-309.   Refers  briefly  to  the  distribution  of  functions 
between  state  and  local  regulation. 

Proc.,  American  Political  Science  Association,  iv, 

305-315  (1907)- 
Discussion:  pp.  324-335. 

Holmes,  F.  L.    State  vs.  local  control.      (In  Regulation  of 

railroads  and  public  utilities  in  Wisconsin.   New  York,  191 5.) 

289-311. 

On  the  experience  of  the  Wisconsin  commissbn,  with  general  discussion; 
the  author  favoring  state  control. 

Jackson,  H.  D.    The  public  vs.  the  public  service  corporation. 

Engineering  Magazine,  xlix,  402-409  (191 5). 

The  writer  advocates  a  combination  of  state  and  local  controL 

Jones,  S.  P.    The  advisability  of  a  state  public  utilities  com- 
mission for  Minnesota.  Proc,  Minnesota  Academy  of  Social 

Science,  vi,  65-77  (191 2). 

The  writer  favors  local  commissions  for  the  large  cities  and  a  state  com- 
mission having  jurisdiction  only  over  rural  conmiimities. 


176         BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Jones,  S.  P.    State  vs.  local  regulation.    Annals  of  the  American 

Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  liii,  94-107  (1914). 

Summarizes  arguments  against  state  regulation,  and  briefly  refers  to 
the  experience  in  various  places. 

What  certain  cities  have  accomplished  without  state  regu- 
lation. Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and 
Social  Sdence,  Ivii,  72-82  (191 5). 

Argument  for  local  regulation,  with  brief  accounts  of  the  experience  in 
various  cities. 

King,  C.  L.  State  vs,  municipal  utility  commissions.  {In  The 
regulation  of  municipal  utilities.  New  York,  191 2.)  253- 
263. 

A  good  elementary  discussion,  the  conclusion  being  that  state  commis- 
sions are  necessary,  but  that  the  largest  cities  should  have  local  com- 
missions  cooperating  with  them. 

McCuLLOCH,  RiCHAM).  Local  VS,  State  regulation.  Electric 
Railway  Journal,  xliv,  694-696  (1914). 

Gives  a  list  of  arguments  against  state  regulation,  and  answers  each  in 
turn. 

Maltbie,  M.  R.  The  distribution  of  functions  between  local 
and  state  regulation.  Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of 
Political  and  Social  Science,  Ivii,  163-169  (1915). 

Public  service  commissions.     {In  McLaughlin,  A.  C, 

and  Hart,  A.  B.    Cyclopedia  of  American  government.  New 
York,  1914.)    iii,  108-110. 

Gives  examples  of  state  and  local  commissions,  with  very  little  dis- 
cussion. 

Merriam,  C.  E.  The  case  for  home  rule.  Annals  of  the  Ameri- 
can Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  Ivii,  170-174 
(1915). 

Meyer,  B.  H.  Advantages  of  a  state  public  utilities  commission. 
Proc,  Minnesota  Academy  of  Social  Sdence,  vi,  58-64  (191 2). 
Discussion:  pp.  78-87. 

Central  utilities  commissions  and  home  rule.    American 

Political  Science  Review,  v,  374-393  (191 1). 
A  good  popular  discussion. 


PUBUC  SERVICE  COMMISSIONS 


177 


Potter,  Alexander.  Obligation  of  the  state  to  the  municipality 
in  matters  of  public  works.  Proc,  American  Society  of  Mu- 
nicipal Improvements,  191 5:  343-349. 

The  writer  believes  that  the  state  commissions  should  have  only  ad- 
visory powers  over  the  affairs  of  cities. 

RoEMER,  J.  H.    Mimicipal  regulation  of  public  utilities.    Proc., 

National  Electric  Light  Association,  191 5:   general  session, 

271-283. 

The  writer  believes  that  all  except  purely  local  matters  can  best  be 
handled  by  a  state  conunission. 

Utility  home  rule.    Public  Service,  xix,  13-16  (191 5). 

Abstract. 

Smith,  J.  A.    Effect  of  state  regulation  of  public  utilities  upon 

municipal  home  rule.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of 

Political  and  Social  Science,  Uii,  85-93  (1914)- 
Strongly  advocates  local  regulation  because  of  its  beneficial  effect  upon 
city  government,  and  because  of  the  irresponsibility  of  state  com- 
missions. 

Municipal  vs.  state  control  of  public  utilities.    National 

Municipal  Review,  iii,  34-43  (1914). 

Arguments  against  exclusive  state  control  of  mimicipal  utilities,  in- 
cluding brief  discussion  of  the  Washington  law. 

Stratton,  I.  W.    State  and  local  regulation  in  Pennsylvania. 

Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 

Science,  Ivii,  175-185  (1915). 
A  criticism  of  the  conunission  law. 

Thelen,  Max.    A  Califomia  problem.    Public  Service  Regula- 
tion, i,  662-663  (191 2). 

Discusses  question  of  whether  Califomia  mimicipalities  shoidd  delegate 
lo  the  state  conunission  their  powers  over  public  utilities. 

Wilcox,  D.  F.    Local  utility  departments,  franchise  bureaus 

and  special  experts.    {In  Municipal  franchises.    New  York, 

1911.)    ii,  746-763. 

A  brief  account  of  the  local  boards  in  various  cities,  with  some  discussion. 

Municipal  home  rule  and  public  utility  franchises.    Na- 
tional Municipal  Review,  iii,  13-27  (1914). 
Report  of  a  committee  of  the  National  municipal  league. 
An  excellent  discussion  of  the  division  of  functions  between  state  and 
local  conunissions. 


178  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Wilcox,  D.  F.    Needed  changes  in  the  pubUc  service  laws  of 
New  York.    UtiUties  Magazine,  i,  no.  2,  14-16  (1915). 
An  exceUent  brief  discussion  of  the  division  of  functions  between  state 
and  local  regulation. 

Works,  L.  R.    State  vs.  municipal  regulation  of  public  utilities. 

National  Municipal  Review,  ii,  24-30  (1913). 

Discusses  chiefly  the  division  of  functions  between  state  and  local  regu- 
lation. 

UNIFORM  ACCOUNTING 

Allison,  LeR.  W.    Accounting  system  for  electric  companies. 
Power,  xxxviii,  697-700  (1913). 
Outlines  of  an  accounting  system  based  on  that  prescribed  by  the  New 

Jersey  commission,  with  tables  of  accounts  and  explanation.     Of 

interest  to  accountants  only. 

A  complete  accounting  system  for  both  large  and  small 

waterworks  properties.     Engineering  and  Contracting,  xli, 

77-80  (1914). 

Gives  an  extended  outline  of  the  accounts. 

American  Gas  Institute.    Report  of  committee  on  a  uniform 
system  of  accounts  for  gas  companies,  September,  1914. 
Philadelphia  ?    1914.    128  pp. 
Gives  the  schedules  and  classifications  of  accounts  without  discussion. 

American  Waterworks  Association.   A  discussion  of  depreciation 
and  a  comparison  of  rates  and  bookkeeping  methods  of  mu- 
nicipally and  privately  owned  waterworks.    Proc.,  American 
Waterworks  Association,  xxxiii,  325-327  (1912). 
Brief  comments  by  many  different  men. 

Bauer,  John.    The  idea  of  capitalization  as  applied  to  public 
service  corporations.     Journal  of  Accountancy,  xxii,   1-9 
(1916). 
Of  accounting  interest  only. 

Rents  in  public  Utility  accounting.  Journal  of  Accountancy, 

XX,  21-27  (1915)- 

Bmtton,J.A.   Accounting  under  utility  regulation.   Journal  of 
Electricity,  Power  and  Gas,  xxx,  330-332,  357-359,  383-385 
(1913). 
A  detailed,  elementary  analysis  of  the  different  accounts,  with  diagrams. 


PUBLIC  SERVICE  COMMISSIONS 


179 


Brockway,  W.  B.    Electric  railway  accounting:    the  monthly 
report,  the  accounting  department  and  the  accoimtant.  New 
York,  1906.   84  pp. 
An  elementary  work. 

Cahoon,  J.  B.    Uniform  accounting.    Proc,  National  Electric 
Light  Association,  1 900 :    1 80-2  29. 

Classifications  of  accounts  with  suggested  forms  and  some  discussion; 
technical. 

Charles,  S.  A.    Meter  locations  and  meter  accounts.    Proc, 

American  Waterworks  Association,  xxiii,  556-564  (1903). 

Discussion:  pp.  565-581.  Includes  an  outline  of  meter  accounts  with 
suggested  forms. 

Chase,  H.  S.   Maintenance  and  depreciation  charges  in  accounts 
of  public  service  corporations.    Journal  of  Accountancy,  iv, 

1-9  (1907). 

On  the  need  for  proper  and  uniform  accounts  as  the  basis  for  compari- 
sons of  municipal  and  private  ownership. 

Standard  and  uniform  reports  from  public  utilities  both 

municipally  and  privately  operated.    Proc,  National  Con- 
ference for  Good  City  Government,  1906:   227-243. 

The  writer  advocates  uniform  reports  from  municipal  and  private 
plants  all  over  the  country.  He  suggests  the  Bureau  of  the  census  as 
the  center  of  the  movement. 

Comparative  statistics  from  ten  Massachusetts  companies,  based  on  the 
proposed  standard  schedule,  are  appended. 

Standard  and  uniform  reports.     Mimicipal  Journal  and 


Engineer,  xxi,  566-570  (1906). 
Reprint. 

CoLDWELL,  O.  B.   Analytical  accounting  for  central  station  com- 
panies.    Proc,  National  Electric  Light  Association,  191 5: 
accounting  session,  1 1  i-i  2 2 . 
Discussion:  pp.  122-127.    General,  with  illustrative  forms. 

Davies,  H.  J.  Some  accounting  features  of  the  Cleveland  rail- 
way company *s  franchise.  Proc,  American  Street  and  In- 
terurban  Railway  Accoimtants*  Association,  19 10:  125-150. 

Discussion:  pp.  150-154.    Of  accounting  interest  only;  includes  many 
tables. 


l8o         BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTILITIES 

EDWAia)s,  H.  M.    Electric  light  accounts  and  their  significance. 
New  York,  1914.    172  pp. 
A  detailed  analysis  of  the  accounts;  technical. 

Regulated  electric  light  accountmg.    Proc,  National  Elec- 
tric Light  Association,  191 2:  vol.  ii,  106-137. 
Discussion:  pp.  137-.148.    A  critical  analysis  of  the  accounting  system 

prescnbed  by  the  New  York  commission.    Technical. 

Elkins,  a.  F.    Public  service  accounting.    Aera,  ii,  1226-1231 

(1914). 

Emery,  J.  A.    Statistical  units  used  in  analysis  of  electric  raO- 
way  accounts.    Proc,  American  Electric  Railway  Account- 
ants'Association,  1913 :   152-161. 
Discussion:  pp.  161-166. 

^^^c>  American  Electric  Railway  Transportation  and 
TraflSc  Association,  1913:  403-412. 
Discussion:  pp.  413-417.  The  same  as  above. 
Erickson,  Halford.     Importance  of  uniform  accounts  and 
statistics.    American  Gas  Light  Journal,  xcix,  54-55,  58-50 
(1913). 
A  good,  elementary  article. 

FoLWELL,  A.  P.    Standard  forms  for  municipal  utiUUes.    Proc., 

American  Society  of  Municipal  Improvements,  191 2:  54-67! 

Discussion:  pp.  67-69.    The  results  of  an  inquiry  as  to  the  reasons  a 

standard  accounting  system  was  not  generaUy  used  by  waterworks 

throughout  the  country. 

FoRSE,  W.  H.,  Jr.    Electric  railway  auditing  and  accounting. 
New  York,  1908.    157  pp. 

An  accounting  textbook. 

Improving  accounting  methods.   Aera,  ii,  707-713  (1914). 

On  the  proposed  changes  in  the  Interstate  commerce  commission  classi- 
fication. 

Interline  accounting  of  interurban  railways.  Proc.,  Ameri- 
can Street  and  Interurban  Railway  Accountants'  Association, 
190S:  75-92. 

Discussion:    pp.  92-107.    Of  accounting  interest  only:    with  sample 
forms.  ^ 


PUBUC  SERVICE  COMMISSIONS 


181 


Foster,  H.  A.  Central  station  bookkeeping  and  suggested  forms : 
with  an  appendix  for  street  railways.     New  York,  1894. 

139  PP- 

Fuller,  C.  H.    Estimating  cost  of  track  construction  on  a  unit 

time  basis.    Electric  Railway  Journal,  xlvii,  80-84  (1916). 
Includes  suggested  forms  and  illustrative  examples. 

Gault,  E.  D.  Accounting  system  for  a  small  electric  railway. 
Proc.,  American  Electric  Railway  Accoimtants'  Association, 
191 I :  30-49. 

Discussion:   pp.    49-68.    A  description  of  the  various  books  and  ac- 
counts. 

George,  H.  H.  Estimating  the  cost.  Electric  Railway  Journal, 
xliv,  68-71  (1914). 

On  correct  accounting  for  replacements  and  improvements;  with  illus- 
trative forms. 

Gruhl,  Edwin.    Uniform  accounting:    its  needs  and  results. 
(In  King,  C.  L.    The  regulation  of  mimicipal  utilities.    New 
York,  191 2.)    264-275. 
A  good  elementary  account. 

Hatfield,  H.  R.  Some  neglected  phases  of  accounting.  Elec- 
tric Railway  Journal,  xlvi,  799-802  (191 5). 

Holmes,  F.  L.  Uniform  accounting.  (In  Regulation  of  rail- 
roads and  public  utilities  in  Wisconsin.  New  York,  191 5.) 
69-78. 

A  good  elementary  discussion  of  the  need  for  uniform  accounting,  and 
of  the  experience  of  the  Wisconsin  commission. 

Humphreys,  A.  C.    Need  for  uniform  accounts.    Public  Service, 

u>  147-155  (1907)- 
Reprint. 

The  present  and  growing  need  for  the  general  adoption  of 

a  uniform  system  of  records  and  accoimts.    Proc,  New  Eng- 
land Association  of  Gas  Engineers,  1907:  147-174. 
Discussion:  pp.  174-187.    For  a  supplementary  paper,  see  his  "  Depre- 
dation," Proc.,  American  Gas  Institute,  ii,  307-353  (1907). 

Johnson,  George.  Electric  lighting  accounts.  London,  1904. 
128  pp. 

The  Accoimtants'  library,  vol.  xzix.    On  the  books  and  accounting 
methods;  technical. 


i 


;■ 


:u: 


m, 


182  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

KiTTREDGE,  A.  O.    An  ideal  system  of  street  railway  accounts. 
Street  Railway  Journal,  xv,  30-32  (1899). 
Includes  a  chart  iUustrating  the  proposed  system  of  accounts. 

Lawton,  W.  H.    The  new  classification  of  electric  railway  ex- 
penses.   Journal  of  Accountancy,  vi,  114-122  (1908). 
Discussion  of  the  Interstate  commerce  commission  classiiftcation. 

McCoLL,  Donald.    Tramway  bookkeeping  and  accounts.  Lon- 
don, 1902.    226  pp. 

Accountants'  library,  xv. 
Includes  illustrative  fonns. 

Tramway  bookkeeping  and  accounts  simplified.    London, 
1907.    44  pp. 
Accountants'  library,  xlviii. 
Elementary  and  popular. 

Miller,  H.  C.  Applying  efficiency  standards  in  central  station 
accounting.   Journal  of  Accountancy,  xvi,  432-434  (1913). 

MuLHALL,  J.  F.  J.  A  few  experiences  on  the  examination  of 
waterworks  accounts  and  management.  Proc.,  American 
Waterworks  Association,  xxvii,  441-444  (1907). 

Quasi-public   corporation   accounting   and   management. 
Boston,  1905  ?    198  pp. 
An  accounting  textbook. 

Waterworks  accounting.     Journal  of  the  New  England 
Waterworks  Association,  xix,  395-403  (1905). 
Extracts  from  his  "  Quasi-public  accounting  and  management." 

National  Electric  Light  Association.  Standard  classification  of 
construction  and  operating  accounts  for  electric  light  and 
power  companies.    ?,  1912  ?    129  pp. 

Nau,  C.  H.  Uniform  systems  of  accounts  for  public  utilities. 
Journal  of  Accountancy,  xvii,  412-426  (1914). 

Neal,  J.  H.    Where  maintenance  ends  and  depreciation  begins. 
Proc,  American  Street  and  Interurban  Railway  Accountants' 
Association,  1907:  195-200. 
Discussion:  pp.  200-202.    Chiefly  of  accounting  interest;  with  Ubles. 


PUBUC  SERVICE  COMMISSIONS 


183 


Nutting,  H.  G.  D.    An  accounting  system  for  small  central 
stations.    Electrical  Review  and  Western  Electrician,  bdv, 
221-226  (1914). 
Outline  of  the  accounts,  with  a  number  of  illustrative  forms. 

Patterson,  A.  R.  Organization  of  the  accounting  department 
of  an  electric  railway  and  light  company.  Proc,  American 
Street  and  Interurban  Railway  Accountants'  Association, 

1908:  35-44- 
Discussion:  pp.  44-60. 

Powers,  L.  G.  Governmental  regulation  of  accounting  pro- 
cedure. Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and 
Social  Science,  liii,  1 19-127  (1914). 

Elementary  argument  as  to  the  necessity  of  uniform  accounting  for 
proper  regulation. 

RoBSON,  H.  A.  Municipal  utilities'  accounting.    Public  Service 

Regulation,  ii,  465  (1913). 

Chiefly  on  the  necessity  of  supervision  of  the  accounts  of  municipal 
plants. 

ScHOLEFiELD,  J.  B.    Engineering  and  accounting:  their  relation 
with  special  reference  to  public  utilities.     Journal  of  the 
Association  of  Engineering  Societies,  lii,  153-164  (1914). 
On  accounting  in  relation  to  valuation. 

ScoBELL,  E.  C.   Variations  in  public  service  systems  of  accoimt- 

ing.    Proc.,  National  Electric  Light  Association,  1914:   ac- 

coimting  session,  188-193. 

A  brief  r€sum6  of  some  of  the  differences  in  the  requirements  of  different 
commissions. 

SiEFERT,  C.  A.  Uniform  classification.  Public  Service  Regula- 
tion, i,  285-288  (191 2). 

A  description  of  the  water  utility  accounting  under  the  Wisconsin  com- 
mission. 

Stevens,  F.W.  Accounting  in  public  service  regulation.  Annals 

of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science, 

liii,  128-134  (1914). 

Good  elementary  discussion  of  the  necessity  for  imiform  accoimting; 
favors  periodical  audits. 


['.'l 


li: 


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184  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Wolff,  Mark.   Interpretation  of  waterworks  accounts.  Journal 

of  the  American  Waterworks  Association,  iii,  52^556  (1916). 

A  thorough  study,  with  iUustrative  examples  and  many  suggested  forms' 

of  accounting  interest  only.  ' 

Young,  P.  S.  Accounting  methods  of  a  holding  company.  Proc., 
American  Street  and  Interurban  Railway  Accountants'  Asso-' 
dation,  1908:  107-113. 

The  accounting  of  capital  expenditures.    Proc.,  American 

Street  and  Interurban  Railway  Accountants'  Association, 

1906:  50-57. 

Discussion:  58-79.    Brief,  with  illustrative  forms. 

SERVICE  REGULATION 
Abady,  Jacques.    Suggested  testing  regulations  in  the  United 
States:    a  criticism.    American  Gas  Light  Journal,  c,  103, 
106-108  (1914). 

A  criticism  of  Bureau  of  standards  circular  no.  32,  "  Standard  regulations 
for  manufactured  gas  and  gas  service." 

For  a  reply,  see  Rosa  and  McBride,  "  Standards  for  gas  service." 
Blood,  W.  H.,  Jr.    Improvements  in  central  station  service. 

Public  Service,  x,  173-174  (191 1). 

The  gain  in  twenty  years'  development  of  the  electrical  industry. 
Cadby,  J.  N.    Regulating  the  quahty  of  pubHc  utihty  service. 

Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  PoHtical  and  Sodal 

Science,  liii,  262-268  (1914). 

A  brief  description  of  the  Wisconsin  commission's  practice. 

Standards  for  gas  and  electric  service.     Public  Service 

Regulation,  ii,  94-99  (1913). 

An  outline  of  proposed  changes  in  the  service  standards  of  the  Wisconsin 
commission;  with  brief  discussion. 

Deacon,  W.  G.    The  Chicago  traction  plan.    PubUc  Service, 
™>  165-172  (1912). 
D^bes  municipal  control  by  engineering  boards.     Discusses  the 

history  of  traction  service  in  Chicago;    with  a  map,  charts  and 

photographs. 

Dickerman,  J.  C.    Some  notes  on  the  regulation  of  gas  service. 
Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 
Science,  liii,  278-284  (1914). 
Good,  elementary. 


PUBUC  SERVICE  COMMISSIONS  1 85 

Dickerman,  J.  C.  Standards  for  gas  service:  established  by 
public  service  commissions.  Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  6,  16- 
21  (1916). 

Supplementary  to  U.  S.  Bureau  of  standards,  "  Standards  for  gas  ser- 
vice "  (circular  no.  32,  3d  edition).  Codification  of  the  rules  of  all 
commissions. 

Standards  of  service  clauses  in  street  lighting  contracts. 

Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  2,  2-7  (1915). 

An  elementary  discussion  of  the  various  contracts  now  in  use. 

DoouTTLE,  F.  W.  Railway  operation  in  Cleveland.  Electric 
Railway  Journal,  xlvii,  359-364  (1916). 

Elliott,  E.  L.  Indel&nite  candle  power  in  municipal  contracts. 
Proc,  National  Electric  Light  Association,  1907:  vol.  i,  246- 
252. 

Discussion:  pp.  263-287.  On  the  misunderstandings  caused  by  in- 
definite standards  in  the  contracts  and  the  need  for  greater  exactness. 

Emckson,   Halford.     The   advantages  of  state  regulation. 

Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 

Science,  Ivii,  123-162  (1915). 

Good  service  is  emphasized  as  being  at  least  as  important  as  fair  rates. 
Fernald,  R.  H.    Service  regulations  for  gas.    Annals  of  the 

American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  liii,  26^ 

277  (1914). 

A  good  elementary  analysis  of  the  provisions  commonly  enforced. 
FORSTALL,  A.  E.    Concerning  gas  standards.    Public  Service,  iv, 

12-14  (1908). 

Harris,  L.H.    Service  regulations  for  electrical  utilities.  Annals 
of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Sodal  Science,  liii, 
285-291  (1914). 
Good  elementary  statement  of  principles. 

Harris,  R.  W.    A  method  for  determining  the  adequacy  of  an 
electric  railway  system.    Trans.,  American  Institute  of  Elec- 
trical Engineers,  xxix,  1495-1516  (1910). 
Technical,  with  tables  and  charts. 

Holmes,  F.  L.    Standardization  of  service.    {In  Regulation  of 

railroads  and  public  utilities  in  Wisconsin.   New  York,  191 5.) 

57-68. 

A  good  annotated  account  of  service  regulation  by  the  Wisconsin  com- 
mission; very  brief. 


1  I 


1  « 


1 86         BIBUOGRAPHY  OP  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Hunter,  C.  F.  Commission's  electrical  testing  outfit.  Public 
Service  Regulation,  i,  333-335  (1912). 

Description  of  the  testing  equipment  of  the  New  York  public  service 
commission  for  the  second  district,  illustrated  with  photographs. 

Ingham,  W.  B.  Theory  and  practice  of  the  skip-stop.  Aera, 
ill,  1212-1215  (1915). 

King,  C.  L.  Rules  regulating  water  service  adopted  by  state 
public  service  commissions.  Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  9, 
19-23  (1916). 

Codification  of  the  rules  of  all  commissions. 

Klumpp,  J.  B.    Summary  of  commission  regulations  governing 
gas  supply.    American  Gas  Light  Journal,  dii,  75  (1915). 
An  excellent  tabular  summary. 

Leonard,  C.  F.  Gas  service  regulation  in  New  York.  Public 
Service  Regulation,  i,  455-458  (191 2). 

Description  of  the  testing  equipment  and  methods  of  the  New  York 
public  service  commission  for  the  second  district,  illustrated  with 
photographs. 

MacAfee,  J.  B.  A  view  of  the  "  no-seat-no-fare  "  proposition. 
Electric  Traction  Weekly,  vi,  890-892  (1910). 

Maltbie,  M.  R.    The  fruits  of  public  regulation  in  New  York. 
Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 
Science,  xxxvii,  170-190  (191 1). 
On  the  improved  service  resulting  from  the  commission. 

Meyer,  B.  H.  State  supervision  of  electric  railways  in  Wiscon- 
sin. Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 
Science,  xxxvii,  160-169  (1911). 

Pence,  W.  D.  The  functions  of  a  technical  staff  in  public  utility 
regulation.  Proc.,  Indiana  Sanitary  and  Water  Supply  Asso- 
ciation, 1913:  I 14-142. 

Describes  the  work  of  the  Wisconsin  commission's  technical  staflF  and  in- 
cludes an  outline  of  the  inventory  used  and  of  the  form  of  organization. 

Functions  of  a  technical  staff  in  the  regulation  of  public 

utilities.   Engineering  Record,  kvii,  260-262  (1913). 
Abstract. 


PUBUC  SERVICE  COMMISSIONS 


187 


Pence,  W.  D.    The  valuation  and  inspection  work  of  the  joint 
engineering  staff  of  the  Wisconsin  tax  and  railroad  commis- 
sions.   Engineering  News,  bd,  227-229  (1909). 
Abstract. 

Wisconsin  service  inspection  and  improvement.    Public 

Service  Regulation,  ii,  167-171  (1913). 
Abstract. 

The  work  of  the  joint  engineering  staff  of  the  Wisconsin 

tax  and  railroad  commissions.    Journal  of  the  Western  So- 
ciety of  Engineers,  xiv,  73-100  (1909). 

Discussion:  pp.  loo-iii.    A  full  account  of  the  organization  and  work 
of  the  engineering  department. 

Engineering  Record,  lix,  10-12,  49-52,  73-75  (1909). 

Reprint. 

Pike,  C.  W.    Service  standards  for  electric  light  and  power  com- 
panies as  prescribed  by  public  service  commissions.    Utilities 
Magazine,  i,  no.  5,  21-28  (1916). 
See  revised  codification. 

Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  7,  30-40  (1916). 

Revised  codification  of  the  rules  of  all  commissions. 

RoEMER,  J.  H.    The  causes  and  effects  of  a  public  utility  com- 
mission.   Public  Service,  xi,  37-39,  85-88  (191 1). 
Treats  chiefly  of  the  regulation  of  service  by  the  Wisconsin  commission. 

Madison,  1911.    25  pp. 

Rosa,  E.  B.   The  function  of  research  in  the  regulation  of  natural 

monopolies.    Science,  new  series,  xxxvii,  579-593  (1913). 

An  account  of  the  work  of  the  Bureau  of  standards  on  service  standards 
for  public  utilities. 

The  government's  part  in  regulation.     Public  Service, 

xviii,  141-143  (1915)- 

The  legal  specifications  for  illuminating  gas.   Proc.,  Ameri- 
can Gas  Institute,  vii,  223-253  (191 2). 

Discussion:  pp.  254-272.  Interesting  r6sum6  and  comment  on  U.  S. 
Bureau  of  standards  circular  no.  32,  "  State  and  municipal  regulations 
for  the  quality,  distribution  and  testing  of  illuminating  gas." 


1 88  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Rosa,  E.  B.    Research  in  the  regulation  of  natural  monopolies. 
Gas  Age,  xxxiv,  14-17  (1914). 

,  and  McBride,  R.  S.    Standards  for  gas  service.   American 

Gas  Light  Journal,  c,  371-375  (iQM). 

A  reply  to  Jacques  Abady,  "  Suggested  testing  regulations  in  the  United 
States:  a  criticism." 

Shaw,  W.  A.    The  development  and  importance  of  an  adequate 

engineering  department  for  a  public  service  commission. 

Journal  of  the  Western  Society  of  Engineers,  xx,  685-693 

(1915). 

Discussion:  pp.  693-696. 

The  engineering  department  for  a  public  service  commis- 
sion.   American  Gas  Light  Journal,  civ,  147-148  (1916). 
Abstract. 

SmsHEiMER,  P.  A.    Ten  rules  for  service:  principles  applied  by 

the  railroad  commission  of  California  to  the  regulation  of 

public  utility  service.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of 

Political  and  Social  Science,  liii,  292-306  (1914). 
Good;  elementary. 

U.  S.  Bureau  of  Standards.    Standard  methods  of  gas  testing. 
Washington,  1914.    180  pp. 
Circular  no.  48;  first  edition. 
Second  edition,  1916,  202  pp. 
Detailed;  technical. 

Standard  regulations  for  manufactured  gas  and  gas  service. 

Washington,  1913.    170  pp. 

Circular  no.  32;   second  edition.    Superseding  "State  and  municipal 

regulations  for  the  quality,  distribution  and  testing  of  illuminatmg 

gas." 

Contains  suggested  regulations,  and  a  review  of  existing  regulations. 
Technical. 

Standards  for  electric  service.   Washington,  1916.    262  pp. 

Circular  no.  56;  first  edition.  An  excellent  classification  and  tabulation 
of  the  various  state  and  municipal  regulations;  with  discussion  of 
proposed  standards.    Technical. 

Standards  for  gas  service.    Washington,  1915.    197  pp. 

Circular  no.  32;  third  edition.    Superseding  "  Standard  regulations  for 

manufactured  gas  and  gas  service." 
Consists  largely  of  suggested  regulations,  but  includes  a  summary  of 

regulations  now  in  force.    Technical. 


PUBLIC  SERVICE  COMMISSIONS 


189 


U.  S.  Bureau  of  Standards.  State  and  municipal  regulations  for 
the  quality,  distribution,  and  testing  of  illimndnating  gas. 
Washington,  191 2.     133  pp. 

Circular  no.  32 ;  first  edition.   An  excellent  classification  and  tabulation. 
Technical. 

ViTTiNGHOFF,  Hans  VON.   The  regulation  of  the  service  rendered 
by  gas  companies.   Stone  and  Webster  Public  Service  Journal, 
xi,  266-269  (1912). 
Brief  comment  on  U.  S.  Bureau  of  standards  circular  no.  32,  "  State 

and  municipal  regulations  for  the  quality,  distribution  and  testing 

of  illuminating  gas." 

Wade,  H.  T.  The  national  bureau  of  standards  and  standards 
for  public  utilities.  Engineering  Magazine,  xlix,  240-251 
(1915). 

Weston,  George.  Supervising  engineers  and  street  raOway 
service:  the  value  of  a  board  of  supervising  engineers  in  se- 
curing efficient  street  railway  service.  Annals  of  the  Ameri- 
can Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  xxxvii,  191-202 
(1911). 
Chiefly  historical. 

Witt,  Peter.  Public  favors  skip-stop.  Aera,  iv,  224-227  (1915). 
Brief  account  of  the  plan  used  by  the  Cleveland  railways. 

Wyman,  Bruce.    Illegality  as  an  excuse  for  refusal  of  public  ser- 
vice.   Harvard  Law  Review,  xxiii,  577-589  (1910). 
An  annotated  legal  study,  referring  chiefly  to  railroads. 

CONTROL  OF  CAPITALIZATION 

Ayres,  A..U.     Governmental  regulation  of  securities  issues. 

Political  Science  Quarterly,  xxviii,  586-592  (1913). 

A  good,  brief  survey  of  blue-sky  legislation  and  conmiission  control  of 
capitalization. 

Brandeis,  L.  D.  Interlocking  directorates.  Annals  of  the 
American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  Ivii,  45-49 
(1915)- 

Bullock,  C.  J.    Control  of  the  capitalization  of  public  service 
corporations  in  Massachusetts.    Publications,  American  Eco- 
nomic Association,  3d  series,  x,  384-415  (1909). 
Discussion:  pp.  415-430. 


•4 


190 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


Calkins,  Grosvenor.    The  Massachusetts  and-stock-watering 
law.    Quarterly  Journal  of  Economics,  xxii,  640-645  (1908). 
A  brief  account  of  the  act  of  1908. 

Erickson,  Halford.  Regulation  of  public  utilities:  three  dis- 
cussions.   Madison,  191 1.    66  pp. 

Government  regulation  of  securities  issues:  pp.  42-66. 
Elementary. 

Should  government  regulate  security  issues  of  public  util- 
ities ?    Public  Service,  xiii,  11 5-1 19  (1908). 

EsHLEMAN,  J.  M.    Should  the  public  utilities  commission  have 

power  to  control  the  issuance  of  securities  ?    Annals  of  the 

American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  liii,  148- 

161  (1914). 

Excellent  general  account  of  the  desirability  of  securities  regulation  and 
of  the  arguments  as  to  strict  control  vs.  publicity. 

Ferrin,  a.  W.  Blue  sky  legislation.  Moody's  Magazine,  xv, 
221-226  (1913). 

A  popular  but  interesting  discussion  of  the  Kansas  law;   including  a 
proposed  model  bill. 

Goodrich,  J.  P.    The  public  welfare  and  the  holding  company. 
Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 
Science,  Ivii,  323-334  (1915). 
Emphasizes  difficulty  of  regulating  securities  of  holding  companies. 

Gray,  J.  H.  Competition  and  capitalization,  as  controlled  by 
the  Massachusetts  gas  commission.  Quarterly  Journal  of 
Economics,  xv,  254-276  (1901). 

Heilman,  R.  E.    Commission  control  of  refunding  utility  se- 
curities.   Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  4,  26-30  (191 6). 
Contains  many  citations  of  court  and  commission  decisions. 

The  development  by  commissions  of  the  principles  of  pub- 
lic utility  capitalization.  Journal  of  Political  Economy, 
xxiii,  888-909  (1915). 

An  excellent  annotated  study,  with  a  brief  discussion  of  the  attitude  of 
the  various  conmiissions  on  important  capitalization  problems. 


PUBUC  SERVICE  COMMISSIONS 


191 


Holmes,  F.L.   Regulation  of  stocks  and  bonds.    (/»  Regulation 
of  railroads  and  public  utilities  in  Wisconsin.    New  York, 

191  sO    237-248. 

A  good,  brief  account  of  the  control  of  capitalization  by  the  Wisconsin 
commission. 

Mead,  E.  S.    The  public  service  conmiission  and  the  investor. 
Lippincott*s  Monthly  Magazine,  xc,  764-768  (191 2). 
A  popular  discussion  of  the  control  of  capitalization  by  the  New  York 


commissions. 


1'', 


,  1, 


State   supervision   of   security  issues.     (In   Corporation 

finance.    New  York,  1910.)    72-80. 

Miller,  E.  T.    The  Texas  stock  and  bond  law  and  its  adminis- 
tration.    Quarterly  Journal  of  Economics,  xxii,    109-119 

(1907). 
Newcomb,  H.  T.    Government  regulation  of  railway  capitaliza- 
tion.   Railway  World,  Iv,  188-189,  208-209  (191 1). 
Treats  of  railroads  only,  but  is  of  some  interest  for  other  public  utilities. 

Potts,  C.  S.    Texas  stock  and  bond  law.    Annals  of  the  Ameri- 
can Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  liii,  162-171 

(1914). 

History  and  discussion. 

Ripley,  W.  Z.   The  capitalization  of  public  service  corporations. 
Quarterly  Journal  of  Economics,  xv,  106-137  (1900). 
A  thorough,  fully  annotated  study;   discusses  railroads  only,  but  is  of 

some  interest  for  other  utilities.   There  is  considerable  attention  paid 

to  practice  in  Massachusetts. 

Public  regulation  of  railroad  issues.    American  Economic 

Review,  iv,  541-564  (iQM)- 

A  good,  thoroughly  annotated  discussion.    Treats  of  railroads  only, 
but  is  of  interest  for  all  public  utilities. 

State  regulation  of  security  issues.    (/»  Railroads:  finance 


and  organization.    New  York,  191 5.)    281-312. 
A  very  good  discussion,  with  some  historical  treatment. 

ScHAPF,  Morris.  Capitalization  of  earnings  of  public  service 
companies.  Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political 
and  Social  Science,  liii,  1 78-181  (1914)- 


/ 


192  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

SmsHEiMER,  P.  A.   Regulation  of  pubHc  utiUty  securities.   Jour- 
nal of  Electricity,  Power  and  Gas,  xxxiv,  294-296  (1915). 
Very  general;  refers  especially  to  California. 

Spencer,  A.  W.  The  prevention  of  stock  watering  by  public 
service  corporations.  Journal  of  Political  Economy,  xiv, 
542-552  (1906). 

A  good  discussion  of  the  principles  of  the  regulation  of  securities  issues 
and  of  the  practice  of  the  diflferent  states.  The  writer  advocates 
separate  state  laws  applying  to  public  service  corporations. 

Thompson,  R.  A.  Method  used  by  the  railroad  commission  of 
Texas,  under  the  stock  and  bond  law,  in  valuing  raikoad 
properties.  Trans.,  American  Society  of  Civil  Engineers,  111, 
328-345  (1904). 

Discussion:  pp.  346-364.  A  brief,  technical  description  of  the  methods 
used  m  taking  the  inventory,  with  illustrative  forms  and  tables. 

Wmghtington,  S.  R.     Taxation  of  "guaranteed"  stock  in 
Massachusetts.    Green  Bag,  xxiv,  8-17  (1912). 
An  account  of  an  attempt  of  the  Boston  and  Maine  railroad  to  dodge 
bond  taxation  by  issuing  "  guaranteed  stock." 

JUDICIAL  REVIEW  OF  REGULATION 
General  Works 

Baker,  J.  N.   The  limitation  of  state  control  over  the  regulation 
of  rates.    Yale  Law  Journal,  xxi,  126-140  (1911). 
Discusses  raihx)ad  regulation  only,  but  is  of  general  interest  in  regard 
to  judicial  review. 

Baker,  N.  D.  Discussion  of  constitutional  protection  in  valua- 
tion.   Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  3,  215-216  (1916). 

Beale,  J.  H.,  and  Wyman,  Bruce.  Judicial  review  of  commis- 
sion action.  (/»  Raikoad  rate  regulation.  2d  edition.  New 
York,  1915.)    1021-1077. 

An  excellent,  annotated  legal  study.     Refers  only  to  the  IntersUte 
commerce  conmiission,  but  is  of  interest  for  all  public  utilities. 

Friedman,  H.  J.  A  word  about  commissions.  Harvard  Law 
Review,  xxv,  704-716  (1912). 

An  excellent  discussion  of  whether  commissions  are  legislative  or  ju- 
dicial and  of  the  importance  of  the  decision;  with  citations. 


PUBUC  SERVICE  COMMISSIONS 


193 


Kerr,  W.  D.    Constitutional  protection  in  valuation.    Utilities 

Magazine,  i,  no.  3,  208-215  (1916). 
LiNDSLEY,  Van  Sinderen.    Rate  regulation  of  gas  and  electric 

lightmg.    New  York,  1906.    165  pp. 

"  The  object  of  this  little  book  is  to  set  forth,  as  concisely  as  the  scope 
of  the  subject  wiU  permit,  the  legislative  acts  and  decided  cases  in 
the  several  states  affecting  the  business  of  supplying  gas  and  electric 
light." 

An  excellent  study. 

Maltbie,  M.  R.    The  conmiissions  and  the  courts.    Public  Ser- 
vice, xii,  141-142  (191 2). 
Good;  elementary. 

Judicial  review  of  public  regulation.    Journal  of  Political 

Economy,  xx,  480-491  (191 2). 

A  very  good  article  discussing  the  variation  in  practice  of  the  different 
states,  and  including  an  argument  against  broad  review. 

Electric  Traction  Weekly,  viii,  290-291  (1912). 


Abstract. 

Matthews,  Nathan,  Jr.,  and  Thompson,  W.  G.    Public  service 
company  rates  and  the  fourteenth  amendment.     Harvard 

Law  Review,  xv,  249-270  (1901);  353~38i  (1902). 
Discusses  railroad  rates  only,  but  is  an  excellent  annotated  study  of 
decisions  as  to  rate  regulation  and  the  extent  of  judicial  review. 

Newcomb,  H.  T.    Constitutionality  of  the  delegations  in  the  in- 
terstate conmierce  law.    Railway  World,  liv,  526-528,  546- 

55o»  566-570  (1910)- 

Discussion  limited  to  railroads,  but  is  of  interest  in  connection  with  the 

extent  of  judicial  review  in  general. 

Philadelphia,  1910.    43  pp. 

Reprint. 
The  force  and  effect  of  the  orders  of  the  Interstate  com- 
merce commission.  Harvard  Law  Review,  xxiii,  1 2-29  (1909). 
Although  treating  only  of  railroad  regulation,  this   interesting  and 
thoroughly  annotated  study  is  of  general  interest  in  connection  with 
the  extent  of  judicial  review. 

Pond,  O.  L.    Methods  of  judicial  review  in  relation  to  the  effec- 
tiveness of  commission  control.     Annals  of  the  American 

Academy  of  PoUtical  and  Social  Science,  liii,  54-65  (1914)- 
An  excellent  annotated  classification  of  the  conmiission  laws  of  all  states, 
with  discussion. 


^ 


Kl 


S 


^ 


194  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTILITIES 

Pope,  Herbert.    Municipal  contracts  and  the  regulation  of 

rates.    Harvard  Law  Review,  xvi,  1-21  (1902). 

On  the  validity  and  eflFect  of  contract  and  franchise  provisions  as  to 
rates. 

Prouty,  C.  a.    Court  protection  unsafe.    PubUc  Service  Regu- 
lation, i,  246-249  (191 2). 

The  writer  asserts  that  the  legislature  must  dominate  since  the  courts 
do  not  mspire  confidence. 

The  meaning  of  the  constitutional  protection  in  valuation. 
Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  3,  204-208  (1916). 
On  the  extent  of  judicial  review;  elementary. 

Smalley,  H.  S.    Railroad  rate  control.    PubHcations,  American 

Economic  Association,  3d  series,  vii,  327-473  (1906). 

Excellent  article  on  aU  aspects  of  judicial  review.    Treats  of  railroads 
only,  but  is  of  interest  for  all  public  utilities. 

Wyer,  S.  S.    Regulation,  valuation  and  depreciation  of  public 
utilities.    Columbus,  1913.    313  pp. 

Protection  of  pubHc  utilities  from  adverse  legislation:  pp.  78-85 
Requirements  of  regulation:  pp.  86-95. 
Relief  from  oppressive  legislation:  pp.  96-100. 
Composed  largely  of  quotations  from  books,  articles  and  cases. 
Wyman,  Bruce.     Jurisdictional  limitations  upon  commission 
action.    Harvard  Law  Review,  xxvii,  545-569  (1914). 
An  excellent  annotated  legal  study. 

History 

Adams,  A.  D.    Reasonable  rates.   Journal  of  Political  Economy, 

™,  79-97  (1903). 

A  very  excellent,  concise  review  of  aU  the  United  States  Supreme  Court's 
decisions  on  rate  regulation,  with  brief  discussion. 

Baker,  J.N.    Limiting  state  regulation.    PubUc  Service  Regu- 
lation, i,  185-190  (1912). 

Abstract  of  "  The  limitation  of  state  control  over  the  regulation  of  rates." 

Barrow,  W.  M.    State  railroad  commissions  and  the  courts. 
Freight,  vi,  201-207  (1906). 

A  discussion  of  judicial  review,  with  a  list  of  the  powers  of  the  various 
commissions  and  syllabi  of  litigated  cases. 


PUBLIC  SERVICE  COMMISSIONS 


19s 


Holmes,  F.  L.    Commission  and  the  courts.    (In  Regulation  of 

railroads  and  public  utilities  in  Wisconsin.   New  York,  1915.) 

317-344. 

On  the  history  of  judicial  review  in  Wisconsin,  with  many  quotations 
from  decisions. 

Johnson,  E.  R.,  and  Van  Metre,  T.  W.    The  courts  and  rail- 
road regulation.     (In  Principles  of  railway  transportation. 
New  York,  1916.)    535-563. 
A  brief  historical  sketch. 

The  courts  and  railway  regulation.    (In  American  railway 

transportation.    2d  revised  edition.    New  York,  1909.)  386- 
407. 

(In  Elements  of  transportation.    New  York,  1909.) 


146-152. 

Ripley,  W.  Z.    The  determination  of  reasonable  rates.     (In 
Railroads:    finance  and  organization.     New  York,  191 5.) 

313-330- 

Interesting  as  tracing  the  history  of  judicial  review. 

Sharfman,  I.  L.    The  regulation  of  railway  rates.    (In  Railway 

regulation.    Chicago,  191 5.)    87-1 11. 

Outlines  the  development  of  rate  regulation  and  of  the  doctrine  of 
judicial  review,  pp.  87-100.  Includes  many  quotations  from  decisions 
and  citations. 


h*: 


VALUATION 


197 


^'i 


11 


i 


ll 


II . 


V.   VALUATION 

GENERAL  WORKS 

Books 

Darrach,  C.  G.    Valuation  of  the  properties  of  public  utility 
corporations.   Philadelphia,  1913.   61  pp. 

Outlines  a  proposed  theory  of  valuation.    Includes  tables  and  charts; 
technical. 

Floy,  Henry.     Valuation  of  public  utility  properties.     New 
York,  191 2.    390  pp. 

Ch.  i.  Introduction. 
Glossary. 

Public  service  commissions. 
Making  an  appraisal. 
Structural  costs. 

Development  expenses,  intangible  expenses,  non-physical  costs, 

overhead  expenses. 
Franchises,  good  will,  going  value,  contracts. 
Depreciation. 

Appraisals  of  public  utility  properties  in  greater  New  YoA. 
X.  Examples  of  important  appraisals. 
A  good  textbook,  chiefly  of  engineering  interest.    Includes  many  quo- 
tations from  other  writers  and  from  court  and  commission  cases;  also 
many  tables  of  results  of  different  appraisals. 


u. 

•  •• 

m. 
iv. 

V. 

vi. 

VU. 

•  •  • 

vm. 
ix. 


—  Value  for  rate  making.    New  York,  1916.    322  pp. 

Ch.  i.  Introduction. 

ii.  Definitions. 

iii.  Fundamentals  in  valuation. 

iv.  Fair  value  for  rate  making. 

V.   Cost  of  reproduction. 

vi.  Land,  paving  and  water  rights, 
vii.  Franchises,  working  capital  and  bond  discounts, 
viii.   Going  value. 

ix.  Depreciation. 
An  excellent  treatise;  discusses  both  theories  and  methods  with  many 
quotations  from  other  writers  and  from  court  and  commission  cases. 
Of  special  interest  to  engineers;  somewhat  technical. 

106 


Foster,  H.  A.    Engineering  valuation  of  public  utilities  and 
factories.    New  York,  191 2.    345  pp. 

Ch.  i.  Value. 

ii.  Purposes  of  valuation. 

iii.  Directions  for  the  valuation  of  tangible  property. 

iv.  Instructions  for  valuation. 

V.  Forms  for  use  in  making  a  valuation. 

vi.  The  cost  of  valuing  a  property, 
vii.  Value  of  good  will,  going  concern  or  going  value, 
viii.  Depreciation. 

iz.  Amortization. 

X.  Handling  of  depreciation  funds. 

zi.  Appreciation, 
xii.  Franchise, 
ziii.  Capitalization, 
ziv.  Control  of  public  utilities. 
XV.  Court  decisions. 
A  valuable  textbook,  with  more  attention  to  the  engineering  work  of 
valuation  than  is  usual.    Composed  largely  of  quotations  from  other 
writers  and  from  court  and  commission  cases. 

Hayes,  H.  V.   Public  utilities:  their  cost  new  and  depredation* 

New  York,  1913.    262  pp. 

Ch.  i.  Property  valuations:  general  considerations, 

ii.  Replacement  costs  of  physical  property, 

iii.  Determination  of  replacement  cost, 

iv.  Value  as  going  concern. 

V.  Values  of  good  will  and  franchises. 

vi.  Original  cost, 

vii.  Commercial  value, 

viii.  The  worth  of  service  to  the  consumer, 

ix.  Reserves  for  depreciation. 

X.  Life  of  plant, 

xi.  Depreciation, 

xii.  Fair  present  value:  rates, 

ziii.  Fair  present  value:  condemnation  or  sale, 

ziv.  General  consideration  relative  to  the  regulation  of  public  utility 
undertakings. 
A  good,  elementary  work  on  all  phases  of  the  subject. 

Public  utilities:  their  fair  present  value  and  return.    New 


York,  191 5.    207  pp. 

Ch.  i.  The  present  controversy. 

ii  Ascertainment  of  fair  present  value, 

iii.  Fair  rate  of  return, 

iv.  Replacement  cost. 


\\\ 


198 


BIBUOGRAPEY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


VALUATION 


199 


f> 


Ch.  V.  Actual  original  cost. 

vi.  Going  value. 

vii.  Depreciation. 
Supplementary  to  his  "  Public  utilities:  their  cost  new  and  depreciation. 
A  very  good,  elementary  work,  considering  principles  more  fully  than 

the  previous  volume. 

Marks,  W.  D.   Practical  rate  making  and  appraisement.  South 

Hadley,  1914  ?    269  pp. 

Ch.  i.  General  consideration. 

ii.  Report  upon  gas  rates  and  prices  for  the  dty  of  Spokane,  1913. 
iii.  Report  upon  the  fair  and  reasonable  price  of  a  6.6  ampere  mag- 
netite arc  light  per  year,  Minneapolis,  191 1. 
iv.  Quantity  rates  for  electricity. 
V.  Methods  of  appraisement, 
vi.  Present  value;   structural  cost  of  reproduction;   original  cost; 

structural  cost  of  reduplication, 
vii.  Overhead  charges, 
viii.  Depreciation, 
ix.   Comparative  appraising, 
z.  Market  value;  English  going  value, 
xi.  Franchise  value. 

xii.  Present  value  of  prospective  profits;  goodwill;  development  ex- 
pense; going  value;  intangible  values;  options, 
xiii.  Books  and  accounts;  operating  expenses  and  income, 
xiv.  The  law  of  demand  for  electricity;  reduction  of  price  increases 

profits. 
XV.  Gas  sales  per  capita;  verification  of  law  of  demand, 
xvi.  The  London  slicing  scale;  Marks'  dividing  scale, 
xvii.  Capitalization,  assets  and  profits  of  Massachusetts  gas  com- 
panies. 

Utilities  Magazine.   Proceedings  of  tlie  Conference  on  valuation. 

Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  3,  227  pp. 

Criticism  of  reproduction  theory  of  valuation.   J.  M.  Eshleman. 

Reproduction  value  vs.  fair  value.    H.  F.  French. 

Relation  of  reproduction  cost  to  fair  value.    Morris  Knowles. 

Fallacy  of  the  "  reproduction  cost  "  theory  in  determining  the  value  of 

public  utilities.    A.  B.  Du  Pont. 
How  to  get  rid  of  the  reproduction  cost  theory.    G.  W.  Anderson. 
Original  cost  as  the  chief  basis  for  fair  value.    £.  W.  Bemis. 
Original  cost.    Halford  Erickson. 
Constitutionality  of  historical  cost  method  of  public  utility  valuation. 

Alfred  Bettman. 
Theory  of  franchise  values.    Alfred  Bettman. 
Principles  to  be  applied  in  valuing  land.    H.  V.  Hayes. 
Land  values  under  the  Minnesota  rate  case.   T.  D.  O'Brien. 


The  measurement  of  land  values.    E.  W.  Doty. 

Principles  to  be  applied  in  valuation  of  land  used  for  the  purpose  of  a 
common  carrier.    A.  E.  Helm. 

Discussion  of  principles  to  be  applied  in  valuing  land.   F.  W.  Stevens. 

The  proper  treatment  of  appreciation  of  land.    M.  R.  Maltbie. 

Depreciation  defined.    F.  P.  Steams. 

Court  decisions  on  depreciation.    J.  H.  Goetz. 

Depreciation  and  its  relation  to  the  fair  value.    Halford  Erickson. 

A  criticism  of  theoretical  depreciation.    J.  E.  Allison. 

Making  depreciation  discussion  understood.    Harry  Barker. 

Going  value  as  an  element  of  fair  value.    Clifford  Thome. 

Going  value  in  purchase  vs.  rate  cases.    A.  M.  Fox. 

The  problem  of  unit  prices  in  valuation.    M.  G.  Glaeser. 

Financial  aspects  of  valuation.    P.  A.  Sinsheimer. 

Financial  aspects  of  regulation.    R.  C.  Wood. 

The  making  and  maintenance  of  priced  inventories  of  public  utilities. 
C.  L.  Pillsbury. 

Some  essentials  of  appraisal  work.    F.  W.  Ballard. 

Codperation  in  making  inventories.    R.  J.  Meigs. 

Valuation  by  approximation.    J.  G.  Morse. 

Correct  valuation  of  operating  and  managerial  methods.  W.  N.  Polakov. 

Expert  (or  opinion)  testimony  in  rate  valuation  cases.    J.  H.  Gray. 

Actual  cost.    R.  H.  Whitten. 

Fair  value  in  practice.    E.  P.  Burch. 

Principles  as  to  franchise  values.    D.  F.  Wilcox. 

Determining  franchise  values.    H.  D.  Baldwin. 

Some  distinctions  between  the  legal  and  administrative  phases  of  fran- 
chise valuation.    C.  A.  McLain. 

The  meaning  of  the  constitutional  protection  in  valuation.  C.  A. 
Piouty. 

Constitutional  protection  in  valuation.    W.  D.  Kerr. 

Constitutional  protection  in  valuation.    N.  D.  Baker. 

Valuation  and  the  future  of  public  utilities.    M.  R.  Maltbie. 

A  very  good  symposium  on  many  phases  of  the  subject,  largely  from 
the  public's  viewpoint. 

Whitten,  R.  H.   Valuation  of  public  service  corporations:  legal 

and  economic  phases  of  valuation  for  rate  making  and  public 

purchase.    New  York,  191 2-1914.    2  vols. 

Ch.  i.  Purpose  of  valuation. 

ii.  Fair  value  for  rate  purposes. 

iii.  Market  value  as  a  standard  for  rate  purposes, 

iv.  Cost  of  reproduction  as  a  standard  of  value  for  rate  purposes. 

V.  Actual  cost  as  a  standard  of  value  for  rate  purposes, 

vi.  Valuation  of  land, 

vii.  Pavement  over  mains. 

viiL  Property  donated  or  acquired  without  cost. 


ii 


m 


200         BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Ch.  ix.  Property  constructed  out  of  surplus. 
X.  Unused  property, 
xi.  Average  price  v.  present  price. 
Overhead  charges. 
Discount  on  bonds. 
Working  capital. 
Piecemeal  construction. 
Adaptation  and  solidification. 
Physical  depreciation. 
Cost  new  v.  cost  less  depreciation. 
Functional  depreciation. 
Annual  depredation  allowance. 
Going  concern  in  purchase  cases. 
Going  concern  in  rate  cases. 
Going  concern  as  the  value  of  a  created  income. 
Going  value  rule  of  Wisconsin  railroad  commission. 
XXV.  The  theory  of  going  concern  value, 
xxvi.  Franchise  value  in  purchase  cases. 
Franchise  value  in  rate  cases. 
Appraisal  of  franchise  value. 
The  theory  of  franchise  value. 
Rate  of  return. 

Rules  for  appraisers  in  Maine  condenmation  cases. 
Bibliography  of  valuation  and  depreciation. 
A  very  excellent  treatise;    the  standard  work  on  the  subject.    Each 
chapter  consists  of  economic  and  theoretical  discussion,  together 
with  very  full  quotations  from  all  important  court  and  commission 
cases. 
Volume  ii  is  supplementary  to  volume  i,  and  contains  the  decisions 
from  191 2  to  the  spring  of  1914.    The  chapter  headings  in  the  two 
volumes  are  practically  identical. 

WooLFOLK,  W.  G.    Appraisal  of  public  utility  properties.    In- 
dianapolis ?    191 5  ?    39  pp. 

Method  of  making  the  appraisal,  with  forms;  and  a  brief  discussion  of 
valuation  in  general. 

Wyer,  S.  S.    Regulation,  valuation  and  depreciation  of  public 

utilities.    Coliunbus,  1913.    313  pp. 

An  exceUent  and  comprehensive  work,  composed  very  largely  of  classi- 
fied quotations  from  books,  articles,  and  cases.  Not  very  readable, 
but  contains  much  of  interest  for  both  layman  and  expert.  For  list 
of  chapters,  see  p.  8. 

Young,  C.  G.    Logical  basis  for  valuations  of  interurban  street 
railways.    New  York,  191 1.    32  pp. 
Reprint  of  paper  before  Central  electric  railway  associatioD. 


VALUATION 


Articles 


201 


xu. 
xiii. 
xiv. 

XV. 

xvi. 

xvii. 

xviii. 

xix. 

XX. 

xxi. 

xxii. 
xxiii. 
xxiv. 


xxvu. 

xxviii. 

xxix. 

XXX. 

xxxi. 
xxxii. 


Adams,  A.  L.    Valuation  of  waterworks.    Municipal  Journal, 
xxxii,  942-944  (191 2). 
Abstract. 

^—  The  principles  governing  the  valuation  for  rate  fixing  pur- 
poses of  waterworks  under  private  ownership.  Journal  of 
the  Association  of  Engineering  Societies,  xxxvi,  37-56  (1906). 
A  very  good  general  discussion. 

Engineering  Record,  lii,  153-157  (1905). 


Abstract. 

Adams,  H.  C.    Valuation  of  public  service  industries.    Electric 
Railway  Journal,  xxxv,  314  (1910). 
Abstract. 

Valuation  of  public  service  utilities.    Publications,  Ameri- 
can Economic  Association,  3d  series,  xi,  184-195  (1910). 
On  the  reasons  why  a  valuation  is  necessary. 

Allison,  J.  E.  Ethical  and  economic  elements  in  public  service 
valuation.  Quarterly  Journal  of  Economics,  xxvii,  27-49 
(1912). 

A  very  good  discussion  of  all  theories  of  valuation,  the  writer  favoring 
original  cost. 

Almert,  Harold.  Valuing  the  property  of  public  utilities. 
Public  Service,  xii,  65-66  (191 2). 

Alvord,  J.  W.  Fundamental  principles  of  public  utility  valu- 
ation. Trans.,  American  Society  of  Civil  Engineers,  Ixxix, 
117-165(1915). 

Discussion:  pp.  166-237.  An  excellent  statement  of  valuation  funda- 
mentals. The  writer  distinguishes  between  cost  and  value,  and  con- 
siders various  theories  of  valuation  at  some  length.  Includes  a  list 
of  important  legal  decisions. 

The  necessary  elements  for  waterworks  valuation.  Engi- 
neering News,  Ixiii,  286-287  (1910). 

Arnold,  B.  J.    Foundation  principles  in  valuation.    Electric 
Railway  Journal,  xlvi,  713-719,  803-806  (191 5). 
Abstract. 


ti 


202 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


VALUATION 


203 


Arnold,  B.  J.    Foundation  principles  of  utility  valuation  with 

special  application  to  plans  for  resettlement.     Aera,  iv,  189- 

214  (1915). 
Abstract. 

Foundation  principles  of  utility  valuation  with  special 

application  to  resettlement  plans.    Proc.,  American  Electric 

Railway  Association,  1 91 5:   139-187. 

Discussion:  pp.  188-198.  An  excellent  and  thorough  study  of  the 
principles  underlying  all  valuation  problems.  Includes  notes  on  the 
franchise  resettlements  in  Chicago,  Kansas  City  and  San  Francisco, 
with  charts,  and  a  glossary  of  terms. 

Baldwin,  H.  DeF.    On  the  valuation  of  waterworks*  special 

franchises.    Proc.,  American  Waterworks  Association,  xxxiii, 

9-43  (1913). 

Discussion:   pp.  43-47.    The  writer  discusses  valuation  methods  and 

problems  and  regards  franchise  value  as  based  on  a  return  above 

"  fair  return." 

Barker,  Harry.    How  to  appraise  water  rights.    Engineering 

News,  Ixxv,  1179-1182  (1916). 

A  brief  but  thorough,  semi-technical  accoimt. 

BmCKLEY,  G.  S.    Why  appraisal  is  not  valuation.    Engineering 

Record,  Ixxii,  515-517  (1915)- 

Hazard,  past  profits  and  probable  obsolescence  must  be  taken  into  ac- 
count in  finding  true  value.    A  good  analysis. 

Bryan,  W.  H .   The  appraisal  and  depreciation  of  waterworks  and 
similar  properties.   Journal  of  the  Association  of  Engineering 

Societies,  xxxix,  336-366  (1907). 

Discussion:  pp.  367-381.  A  very  good,  concise  sunmiary  of  valuation 
theories  and  kinds  of  depreciation,  with  discussion.  Includes  charts 
and  a  table  of  estimated  life  and  depreciation  of  machinery  and  plant 
(pp.  362-365). 

Burdick,  C.  B.    Valuation  of  waterworks  plants.    Municipal 

Journal  and  Engineer,  xxiii,  302-304  (1907). 

Elementary. 
The  valuation  of  waterworks  properties.      Engineering- 
Contracting,  xxviii,  238-241  (1907). 

Burgess,  Philip.    Some  features  of  engineering  appraisements 

of  waterworks  properties.    Proc,  Central  States  Waterworks 

Association,  1913:   16-23. 

Discussion:  pp.  23-31.    On  valuation  problems  and  methods. 


Burns,  C.  S.    Determination  of  physical  values.    Engineering 

Record,  lii,  328-329  (1905). 

Emphasizes  need  of  mathematical  precision  in  valuations.  Waterworks 
valuations  used  for  illustration.    Technical. 

Butler,  Pierce.  "  Valuation  of  railway  property  for  purposes 
of  rate  regulation."    Journal  of  Political  Economy,  xxiii,  17- 

zz  (1915). 

The  writer  believes  value  for  rate  regulation  is  the  same  as  for  condem- 
nation, that  rates  cannot  be  based  on  value  and  that  the  agency 
theory  is  untenable. 

Cooke,  M.  L.  Experts  in  valuation  cases.  Utilities  Magazine, 
i,  no.  5, 19-20  (1916). 

Includes  tables  of  data  from  valuation  cases,  illustrating  writer's  argu- 
ments. An  attempt  to  show  that  the  companies'  valuations  are  in- 
flated. 

CooLEY,  M.  E.  Factors  determining  a  reasonable  charge  for 
public  utility  service.  Trans.,  American  Institute  of  Elec- 
trical Engineers,  xxxii,  2077-2095  (1913). 

Journal  of  the  Western  Society  of  Engineers,  xix,  i-^ 

17  (1914). 

Public  Service,  xvi,  45-46,  60-62,  97-98,  129-130 

(1914). 
Abstract. 

Cory,  C.  L.  Rates  for  gas  service.  American  Gas  Light  Journal, 
xcv,  252-253,  259-263  (191 1). 

Chiefly  a  popular  discussion  of  valuation  problems. 

,  Vincent,  W.  G.,  Jr.,  and  Norton,  W.  J.    Symposium  on 

inventories  and  appraisals  of  properties.    Trans.,  American 
Institute  of  Electrical  Engineers,  xxxiv,  2023-2050  (1915). 

Part  I,  by  C.  L.  Cory  (pp.  2023-2030),  gives  a  brief  r6simi6of  valuation 

theories. 
Part  II,  by  W.  G.  Vincent,  Jr.  (pp.  2031-2040),  treats  of  the  method  of 

taking  the  inventory. 
Part  III,  by  W.  J.  Norton  (pp.  2041-2050),  discusses  working  capital 

Crosby,  O.  T.    Physical  valuations.    Proc.,  American  Electric 
Railway  Association,  191 1 :  368-382. 
Discussion:  383-398.    Why  and  when  valuations  should  be  made. 


204 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


VALUATION 


20S 


m 


Druak,J.  F.   Rates  and  rate  making.   Journal  of  the  Association 

of  Engineering  Societies,  1,  221-233  (1913). 

An  elementary  discussion  of  valuation  problems  and  of  electric  rate 
making. 

Electrical  World.   On  what  basis  shall  public  utilities  be  valued  ? 

Electrical  World,  Ixvi,  11 25-1 129  (191 5). 

Abstracts  of  all  important  papers  before  Conference  on  valuation. 
For  the  full  papers,  see  Utilities  Magazine,  "  Proceedings  of  the  Con- 
ference on  valuation." 

Erickson,  Halford.  Making  rates  for  electric  plants.  Public 
Service  Regulation,  i,  579-585  (191 2). 

Elementary. 

Principles  of  valuation  of  public  utilities.    Public  Service 

Regulation,  i,  294-300,  370-377  (19"). 

A  good  discussion  of  various  problems  and  methods. 

Fink,  Henry.  Valuation  of  railroad  property.  Railway  Age 
Gazette,  xlv,  587-588, 627-634  (1908). 

Foster,  H.  A.    Purposes  of  valuation.    {In  Engineering  valu- 
ation of  public  utilities  and  factories.    New  York,  191 2.) 
27-32. 
An  account  of  the  various  uses  to  which  a  valuation  can  be  put. 

Gandolfo,  J.  H.  The  valuation  of  public  utility  property. 
Trans.,  American  Society  of  Civil  Engineers,  Ixxiz,  842-878 

(1915)- 

Discussion:  pp.  879-918.  An  excellent  discussion,  the  writer  advocating 
actual  cost  as  the  diief  basis  of  valuation. 

Gillette,  H.  P.  The  appraisal  of  electric  properties  and  the 
uses  to  which  appraisals  may  be  put.  Engineering  and  Con- 
tracting, xxxvi,  506-507  (191 1). 

The  uses  of  an  appraisal.     Electric  Railway  Journal, 

xxxviii,  948-949  (191 1). 

Brief  statement  of  twelve  uses  of  an  appraisal  of  electrical  property, 
and  discussion  of  the  distinctions  between  the  values  for  different 
purposes. 

The  valuation  of  waterworks  properties.     Engineering 


I 


and  Contracting,  xliii-xlv  (1915-1916). 


Inventorying  a  waterworks  plant,  xliii,  394-395  (1915). 

Estimating  accrued  depreciation:  inspections  and  tests  vs.  life  formulas, 

xliii,  486-488. 
The  appraisal  of  "  overhead  costs,"  xliv,  14-18  (1915). 
Appraisal  of  reservoir  site  value,  xliv,  80-81. 
Appraisal  of  water  right  values,  xliv,  157-158. 
Appraisal  of  development  cost  or  going  value  and  franchise  value, 

xliv,  258-261. 
Appraisal  of  working  capital,  xliv,  356. 
Detailed  appraisal  of  a  waterworks,  xliv,  424-427. 
Prorating  the  plant  value  to  different  uses,  xlv,  9-1 1  (1916). 
The  rate  of  "  fair  returns,"  xlv,  99-100. 
Some  disputed  points  in  waterworks  valuation,  xlv,  362-363. 

An  excellent  series  of  articles  on  all  phases  of  the  subject. 

Graham,  D.  A.    The  appraisal  of  waterworks  properties.    Engi- 
neering News,  Ixix,  677-678  (1913). 
Elementary. 

Engineering  Record,  Ixvii,  532-534  (1913)- 

Public  Service,  xvi,  57-59  (1914). 

Gruhl,  Edwin.   Recent  tendencies  in  valuations  for  rate  making 

purposes.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and 

Social  Science,  liii,  219-237  (1914). 

An  excellent  review  of  court  and  commission  attitude,  with  many  quo- 
tations from  the  cases.    Simunarizes  the  conclusions. 

Grunsky,  C.  E.    The  appraisal  of  public  service  properties  as 

a  basis  for  the  regulation  of  rates.    Trans.,  American  Society 

of  Civil  Engineers,  Ixxv,  770-843  (191 2). 

Discussion:  pp.  844-876.  A  long  technical  paper,  including  formulae, 
tables  and  charts.  The  writer  attempts  to  prove  that  depreciation 
should  not  be  deducted  in  valuations,  that  it  should  be  included  in 
rates,  and  that  there  is  ordinarily  no  definite  basis  for  ^*  going  value  " 
and  similar  intangibles. 

Guernsey,  N.  T.    Principles  of  railway  valuation.     Electric 
Railway  Journal,  xlvii,  249-252  (1916). 

Valuation:    a  common  sense  view.     Aera,  iv,  683-697, 

(1916). 

Discussion:  (i)  From  standpoint  of  a  public  official.  George  Weston, 
698-707.  (2)  A  suggestion  for  standard  definitions.  P.  J.  Kealy, 
707-710. 

A  somewhat  elementary  general  discussion. 


i»lii 


til 


!|ii 


.11 


206         BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Hayes,  H.  V.    Ascertainment  of  fair  present  value.    {In  Public 

utilities:   their  present  value  and  return.    New  York,  1915.) 

19-80. 

A  good,  non-technical  discussion  of  the  differences  in  valuation  for 
companies  new  and  old,  successful  and  unsuccessful. 

— —  Original  cost  versus  replacement  cost  as  a  basis  for  rate 
regulation.     Quarterly  Journal  of  Economics,  xxvii,  616-629 

(1913)- 

A  good  discussion;    the  consideration  of  both  methods  being  recom- 
mended. 

Property  valuations:   general  considerations.    {In  Public 

utilities:  their  cost  new  and  depreciation.    New  York,  1913.) 
1-17. 

Hill,  N.  S.,  Jr.  Valuation  of  public  utilities.  Proc.,  Municipal 
Engineers  of  the  City  of  New  York,  1914:  36-67. 

Discussion:    pp.  68-167.    Includes  tabular  analyses  of  all  valuation 
elements. 

Holmes,  F.  L.  Physical  valuation  of  railroads  and  utilities. 
{In  Regulation  of  railroads  and  public  utilities  in  Wisconsin. 
New  York,  1915.)    21-42. 

Discusses  the  work  and  theories  of  the  Wisconsin  commission,  but  is  a 
good  elementary  discussion  of  valuation  in  general. 

HoxiE,  G.  L.  Some  features  of  rate  fixing  for  electric  public 
service  properties.  Journal  of  Electricity,  Power  and  Gas, 
xxviii,  397-399  (1912). 

Jackson,  D  .  C.   Appraisals  of  electric  light  and  power  properties. 
Proc,  National  Electric  Light  Association,  1914:  accounting 
session,  163-183. 
Discussion:  pp.  184-187. 

James,  E.  W.  The  ethical  principle  in  physical  valuation  for 
rate  making.     Popular  Science  Monthly,  boxvi,  153-163 

(1915)- 

A  general,  non-technical  discussion  of  the  need  for  valuation  and  valua- 
tion theories  and  methods.  The  writer  emphasizes  the  need  for 
greater  recognition  of  the  personal  element. 

Jonah,  F.  G.    The  valuation  of  railroads.    Journal  of  the  Asso- 
ciation of  Engineering  Societies,  Hi,  1 21-135  (1914). 
A  general  discussion  of  valuation  theories,  the  purpose  of  various  valua- 
tions, and  the  work  of  the  valuation  engineer. 


VALUATION 


207 


JuRGENSEN,  D.  F.   Wrong  basis  for  rates.   Public  Service  Regu- 
lation, i,  699-703  (1912). 
A  criticism  of  reproduction  cost  new,  favoring  "  fair  value." 

Kers,  W.  D.    Public  vs,  private  ownership.    Electric  Railway 

Journal,  xliv,  723-725  (1914). 

Deals  chiefly  with  the  effect  of  valuations  on  the  municipal  ownership 
movement. 

KiERSTED,    Wynkoop.     Valuation    of    waterworks   property. 
Trans.,  American  Society  of  Civil  Engineers,  xxxviii,  115- 

133  (1897)- 

Discussion:  pp.  134-214.    A  very  good,  early  discussion  of  the  princi- 
ples and  theories  of  valuation,  with  illustrative  examples. 

McFall,  R.  J.   Railway  monopoly  and  rate  regulation.    Colum- 
bia University  Studies  in  History,  Economics  and  Public 

Law,  Ixix,  1-223  (1916)- 

Ch.  ii.    Valuation  as  a  criterion  of  railway  ability. 

Considers  railroads  only,  but  chapter  ii  is  of  some  general  interest. 

Maltbie,  M.  R.    Valuation  and  the  future  of  public  utilities. 
Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  3,  218-222  (1916). 
General  but  suggestive  discussion  of  the  far  reaching  results  of  utility 
valuation. 

Mead,  D.  W.    The  arbitration  or  appraisal  of  the  values  of 

public  utilities.    Proc.,  American  Waterworks  Association, 

xxii,  132-140  (1902). 

Includes  an  elementary  discussion  of  valuation  theories  and  methods. 

Metcalf,  Leonakd.     Waterworks  valuation  and  fair  rates. 
Public  Service,  v,  185-188  (1908). 
Abstract. 

Waterworks  valuation  and  fair  rates  in  the  light  of  the 

Maine  supreme  court  decisions  in  the  Waterville  and  Bruns- 
wick cases.    Trans.,  American  Society  of  Civil  Engineers, 

hdv,  1-74  (1909). 

Discussion :  pp.  7  5-1 1 1 .   Includes  comprehensive  tables  of  the  elements 
of  value;  and  formulae.    Technical. 

Nash,  L.  R.    Valuation  of  public  service  properties.    Stone  and 
Webster  Public  Service  Journal,  xi,  241-260  (1912). 
A  good,  annotated  and  somewhat  elementary  article. 


iii.r> 


V  : 


208  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Nash,  L.  R.    Valuation  of  public  service  properties.    Public 

Service,  xiv,  53-55, 103-105, 143-145  (1913)- 
Reprint. 

Electrical  Engineer,  xlv,  489-491  (1913). 

Nethercut,  E.  S.    Valuation  of  operating  properties.    Electric 
Railway  Journal,  xxxv,  945-947  (1910). 
Abstract. 

Electric  Traction  Weekly,  vi,  592-595  (1910). 

Abstract. 

RiFENBERiCK,  R.  B.    Something  along  the  line  of  physical  and 
intangible  valuation  as  covered  by  recent  legislation.    Elec- 
tric Railway  Journal,  xli,  1163-1167  (1913). 
Abstract. 

RiGGS,  H.  E.  The  valuation  of  public  service  corporation  prop- 
erty.   Trans.,  American  Society  of  Civil  Engineers,  bndi, 

17173  (191 1). 

Discussion:  pp.  174-3CX).  Includes  discussion  of  the  various  state 
railroad  appraisals;  a  review  of  the  theories  ard  methods  of  valua- 
tion; and  gives  forms  for  inventories.    Rather  technical. 

Ripley,  W.  Z.    The  investor's  interest  in  railroad  valuations. 
Journal  of  Political  Economy,  xxiii,  34-48  (191 5). 
A  defense  of  physical  valuation  as  insuring  fair  treatment  of  the  investor. 

Physical  valuation  of  railroads.  Political  Science  Quarterly, 

xxix,  569-599  (1914). 

An  annotated  critical  and  historical  study,  of  some  interest  for  mu- 
nicipal utilities. 

Physical   valuation:    reasonable   rates.     (In  Railroads: 

finance  and  organization.    New  York,  1915.)    331-370. 
A  good  general  discussion  of  the  various  theories.    Treats  of  railroads 
only,  but  is  of  general  interest. 

RoYCE,  F.  P.  Valuation :  a  fair  return  and  reasonable  capitaliza- 
tion. Stone  and  Webster  Public  Service  Journal,  ix,  7-25 
(1911). 

Elementary;  with  the  outlines  of  a  method  of  financing  which  will 
cause  securities  to  approximate  actual  value. 

Sharfman,  I.  L.  The  regulation  of  railway  rates.  (/»  Railway 
regulation.    Chicago,  1915.)    87-1 11. 

A  good  elementary  account.  Includes  a  discussion  of  the  various  the- 
ories of  valuation,  with  citations  of  cases  (pp.  loo-iii). 


VALUATION 


209 


SiLCOCK,  E.  J.  The  valuation  of  waterworks  undertakings  on 
transfer  to  municipal  authorities.  Surveyor,  Municipal  and 
County  Engineer,  xliii,  921-923  (1913)- 

Stevens,  F.W.  Mooted  principles  in  valuation.  Proc.,  Ameri- 
can Electric  Railway  Association,  1914:  23-39. 

On  the  "  distinctions  if  any  between  valuation  of  the  properties  of 
public  utilities  for  purposes  of  rate  making,  imposition  of  service  re- 
quirements, municipal  acquisition,  issue  of  capital  secunties  and 
taxation."    Includes  many  citations. 

Aera,  iv,  335-349  (1914)- 


Reprint. 


Electric  Railway  Journal,  xliv,  913-915  (1914)- 


Abstract. 
Thomas,  J.  J.    Depreciation  and  valuation.    Journal  of  Ac- 
countancy, xxi,  24-33  (1916).  ^     1     .       u 
A  short  analysis,  from  the  accountant's  standpoint,  of  valuation  the- 
ories and  the  depreciation  problem. 

Wagner,  B.M.    Rates  for  water  supply.    Journal  of  the  New 
England  Waterworks  Association,  xxix,  1-48  (1915)- 
Includes  a  summary  of  valuation  theories. 

Whitridge,  F.  W.     Official  valuations  of  private  property. 
Publications,  American  Economic  Association,  3d  series,  xi, 

239-252  (1910). 

Opposes  valuations  as  being  unnecessary. 

Electric  Railway  Journal,  xxxv,  110-112  (1910). 

Abstract. 
Whitten,  R.  H.    Certain  principles  of  valuation  in  rate  cases. 

Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  PoUtical  and  Social 

Science,  liii,  182-197  (1914). 

An  excellent  elementary  discussion  of  valuation  theones  and  problems. 

Fair  value  for  rate  purposes.   Harvard  Law  Review,  xxvii, 

419-436  (1914). 

An  exceUent  non-technical  study  of  the  various  theories  of  valuation 

and  their  modifications. 

Valuation  of  public  utilities.    {In  McLaughlin,  A.  C, 

and  Hart,  A.  B.     Cyclopedia  of  American  government. 
New  York,  1914)    '^y  ^^6. 


H 


'..(I 


2IO         BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Wilcox,  D.  F.  Capitalization,  capital  values,  appraisals  and 
purchase  price,  (/n  Municipal  franchises.  New  York,  1911.) 
ii,  780-802. 

Includes  a  brief,  popular  discussion  of  valuation  theories  and  problems. 
WiLGUS,  W.  J.    Physical  valuations  of  railroads.    Trans.,  Ameri- 
can Society  of  Civil  Engineers,  Ixxvii,  203-224  (1914). 
Discussion:  pp.  225-345.    A  good,  somewhat  elementary  discussion  of 
valuation  theories  and  problems.    Treats  of  railroads  only,  but  is  of 
interest  for  all  public  utilities. 

Wilson,  C.  P.  Financing  pubUc  utilities  under  state  control 
and  service  rate  and  rate  of  return.  Proc,  Indiana  Gas  Asso- 
ciation, 1916:  35-39. 

Discussion:   pp.  39-51.    On  valuaUon  and  rate  of  return.    Considers 
8  to  10  per  cent  fair. 

WooLFOLK,   W.    G.     Appraisal   of  public   utility  properties. 

Canadian  Engineer,  xxviii,  629-632  (1915). 
Wyer,  S.  S.    Natural  gas  valuation.   PubUc  Service  Regulation, 

iii,  195  (1914). 

A  brief  analysis  of  the  elements  and  factors  to  be  considered. 

Rate  regulation  of  electric  power.     Cassier's  Magazine, 

XXXV,  402-415  (1909). 

A  digest  of  the  Columbus  railway  and  light  company  case.    Interesting 
as  a  general  discussion  of  valuation  and  rate  regulation. 

Valuation.     {In  Regulation,  valuation  and  depreciation 

of  public  utilities.    Columbus,  19 13.)    159-175. 
Composed  largely  of  classified  quotations  from  books,  articles  and 
cases.    An  excellent,  semi-technical  treatment  of  the  general  subject 
of  valuation;  includes  tables  and  a  chart. 

Young,  C.  G.  Logical  basis  for  valuations  of  interurban  street 
railways.  Electrical  Review  and  Western  Electrician,  Iviii, 
180-181,  231-237  (1911). 

Long  abstract  of  paper  before  Central  electric  railway  association.    A 
good  analysis  of  the  elements  and  methods  of  valuation. 

Electric  Railway  Journal,  xxxvii,  115-118  (191 1). 


Abstract. 


Abstract. 


Abstract. 


Electric  Traction  Weekly,  vii,  67-71  (191 1). 
Engineering  News,  Ixv,  141-143  (191 1). 


VALUATION 


HISTORY 


211 


United  States  —  General 

Floy,  Henry.    Examples  of  important  appraisals.    (In  Valu- 
ation of  public  utility  properties.    New  York,  191 2.)    333- 

386. 

Composed  chiefly  of  tables,  with  brief  comment. 

Ford,  F.  R.    Valuation  of  intangible  street  railway  property. 
Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 

Science,  xxxvii,  119-141  (1911)- 

On  the  treatment  of  intangibles  in  certain  traction  valuations. 

Gruhl,  Edwin.    Recent  tendencies  in  valuations  for  rate  mak- 
ing purposes.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political 

and  Social  Science,  liii,  219-237  (1914)- 

An  excellent  review  of  court  and  commission  attitude,  with  many  quo- 
tations from  the  cases.    SimMnarizes  the  conclusions. 

Heilman,  R.  E.    Development  by  commissions  of  the  principles 
of  public  utility  valuation.    Quarterly  Journal  of  Economics, 

xxviii,  269-291  (1914)- 

An  excellent  annotated  study,  with  a  brief  discussion  of  the  attitude  of 
the  various  commissions  on  certain  important  valuation  problems. 

Riggs,  H.  E.    The  valuation  of  public  service  corporation  prop- 
erty.   Trans.,  American  Society  of  Civil  Engineers,  bndi,  i- 

173  (1911). 

Discussion:    pp.  174-300.     Includes  discussion  of  the  various  state 
railroad  appraisals;  rather  technical. 

Ripley,  W.  Z.   Physical  valuation  of  railroads.   Political  Science 

Quarterly,  xxix,  569-599  (1914)- 

An  annotated  critical  and  historical  study,  of  some  interest  for  mu- 
nicipal utilities. 

Physical   valuation;     reasonable   rates.     (In   Railroads: 

finance  and  organization.    New  York,  1915.)    33i~370- 
Whitten,  R.  H.   Valuation  of  public  service  corporations:  legal 

and  economic  phases  of  valuation  for  rate  making  and  public 

purchase.    New  York,  1912-1914.    2  vols. 

A  very  excellent  treatise;   the  standard  work  on  the  subject.    Each 
chapter  consists  of  economic  and  theoretical  discussion,  together 


• 


I 


212  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

with  very  full  quotations  from  all  important  court  and  commission 

cases. 
Volume  ii  is  supplementary  to  volume  i,  and  contains  the  decisions 

from  191 2  to  the  spring  of  1914.   The  chapter  headings  are  practically 

identical. 
Excellent  for  an  exhaustive  account  of  the  legal  history  of  valuation. 

For  list  of  chapters,  see  p.  199. 

California 

San  Francisco 

Arnold,  B.  J.    Foundation  principles  of  utility  valuation  with 

special  application  to  resettlement  plans.    Proc.,  American 

Electric  Railway  Association,  1 9 1 5 :   1 39-187. 

Discussion:    pp.  188-198.    Notes  on  San  Francisco  traction  resettle- 
ment: pp.  176-178;  includes  a  chart. 

Illinois 
Chicago 

Arnold,  B.  J.    Foundation  principles  of  utility  valuation  with 

special  application  to  resettlement  plans.    Proc.,  American 

Electric  Railway  Association,  191 5:   139-187. 

Discussion:    pp.  188-198.    Notes  on  Chicago  traction  resettlement: 
pp.  169-173;  includes  charts. 

OssosKi,  Sidney.    The  basis  of  valuation  in  case  of  mimidpal 
purchase  of  street  railways.    Electric  Railway  Journal,  xxxvi, 
999-1000  (1910). 
Procedure  at  Cleveland  and  Chicago  used  for  illustration. 

Iowa 
Waterloo 

Marston,  a.    The  valuation  for  city  purchase  of  the  property 
of  the  Waterloo  (la.)  waterworks  co.    Engineering  News, 
bd,  424-425  (1909). 
A  very  brief  account,  with  tables  of  data. 

# 

Michigan 

WiLLMMS,  W.  H.    Railway  capital  and  values.    Railroad  Age 
Gazette,  xlvi,  761-762,  805-808,  845-846,  903-905  (1909). 
On  the  valuation  of  Michigan  railroads. 


VALUATION 


213 


Missouri 
Kansas  City 

Arnold,  B.  J.  Foundation  principles  of  utility  valuation  with 
special  application  to  resettlement  plans.    Proc,  American 

Electric  Railway  Association,  191 5:   139-187. 
Discussion:   pp.  188-198.    Notes  on  Kansas  City  traction  valuation: 
pp.  167-168. 

Nebraska 

HuRD,  E.  C.  The  organization  for  and  methods  and  results  of 
physical  valuation  in  Nebraska.  Engineering  and  Contract- 
ing, xxxvi,  694-696  (1911). 

Engineering  and  Contracting,  xxxviii,  136-138  (191 2). 

New  Jersey 

Hansel,  Charles.    The  valuation  of  railroads  in  New  Jersey. 

Engineering  Record,  Ixiii,  594-599  (1911)- 
Discusses  the  valuation  for  taxation,  with  brief  reference  to  the  ex- 
perience of  other  states.    Of  some  interest  for  municipal  utilities. 

New  York 
New  York 

Floy,  Henry.  Appraisals  of  public  utility  properties  in  greater 
New  York.    (In  Valuation  of  pubUc  utility  properties.    New 

York,  191 2.)    218-232. 

Composed  largely  of  the  tables  of  valuation  results,  taken  from  the  re- 
ports of  the  appraisals. 

Ford,  F.  R.    The  theory  of  street  railway  rate  regulation  as  de- 
veloped in  the  Coney  Island  fare  case.     Proc,  American 
Street  and  Interurban  Railway  Association,  1910:  159-168. 
Discussion:  pp.  169-186. 

Electric  Railway  Journal,  xxxvi,  752-755  (1910). 


Abstract. 


Omo 


Cleveland 

OssosKi,  Sidney.    The  basis  of  valuation  in  case  of  municipal 

purchase  of  street  railways.   Electric  Railway  Journal,  xxxvi, 

999-1000  (1910). 

Procedure  at  Cleveland  and  Chicago  used  for  illustration. 


il 


ijiiji' 


1 

It! 


214  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Oregon 

Dearborn,  R.  H.    Physical  valuation  of  electrical  properties  in 

Oregon.    Journal  of  Electricity,  Power  and  Gas,  xxviii,  49- 

SO  (1912). 

The  valuations  made  by  the  Oregon  commission  are  believed  by  the 
writer  to  be  uniformly  low. 

Texas 

Thompson,  R.  A.  Method  used  by  the  Railroad  conunission  of 
Texas,  under  the  stock  and  bond  law,  in  valuing  railroad 
properties.  Trans.,  American  Society  of  Civil  Engineers, 
Hi,  328-345  (1904). 

Discussion:  pp.  346-364.    A  brief,  technical  description  of  the  methods 
used  in  taking  the  inventory,  with  illustrative  forms  and  tables. 

San  Antonio 

Potter,  Alexander.    An  important  waterworks  rate  and  ap- 
praisal investigation.    American  City,  viii,  65-73  (1913)- 
A  popular  account  of  an  appraisal  made  by  the  writer. 

Washington 

Berglund,  Abraham.  Valuation  of  railroads  in  the  state  of 
Washington.     Journal  of  Political  Economy,  xxi,  332-344 

(1913)- 

An  historical  account,  with  tables  of  results. 

Wisconsin 

Holmes,  F.  L.    Physical  valuation  of  railroads  and  utilities.  {In 

Regulation  of  railroads  and  public  utilities  in  Wisconsin. 

New  York,  1915.)    21-42. 

A  good,  annotated  account  of  the  valuation  work  and  theories  of  the 
Wisconsin  conmiission. 

Pence,  W.  D.  The  functions  of  a  technical  staff  in  public  utility 
regulation.    Proc.,  Indiana  Sanitary  and  Water  Supply  Asso- 
ciation, 1913:  I 14-142. 
On  the  work  of  the  Wisconsin  staflf. 


VALUATION 


2IS 


Pence,  W.  D.  Functions  of  a  technical  staff  in  the  regulation  of 
public  utilities.    Engineering  Record,  Ixvii,  260-262  (1913). 
Abstract. 

The  valuation  and  inspection  work  of  the  joint  engineering 

staff  of  the  Wisconsin  tax  and  railroad  conmaissions.    Engi- 
neering News,  bd,  227-229  (1909). 
Abstract. 

Valuation  by  Wisconsin  state  engineers.    Public  Service 

Regulation,  ii,  127-130  (1913). 

An  outline  of  the  organization  and  work  of  the  Wisconsin  tax  and  rail- 
road commissions. 

The  work  of  the  joint  engineering  staff  of  the  Wisconsin 


tax  and  railroad  commissions.   Journal  of  the  Western  Society 
of  Engineers,  xiv,  73-100  (1909). 

Discussion:  pp.  loo-iii.  A  full  account  of  the  organization  and  work 
of  the  engineering  department. 

Engineering  Record,  lix,  ia-12, 49-52,  73-75  (1909). 

Reprint. 

THEORIES  AND  METHODS 

AcHATZ,  R.  V.  The  determination  of  unit  prices  on  material  for 
purposes  of  valuation  of  plant.   Engineering  and  Contracting, 

xli,  562-563  (1914). 

Includes  tables  and  charts;  technical.  A  good  discussion  of  various 
methods. 

Allison,  J.  E.  Ethical  and  economic  elements  in  public  service 
valuation.  Quarterly  Joiunal  of  Economics,  xxvii,  27-49 
(1912). 

A  very  good  discussion  of  all  theories  of  valuation,  the  writer  favoring 
original  cost. 

Alvord,  J.  W.  Fundamental  principles  of  public  utility  valu- 
ation.   Trans.,  American  Society  of  Civil  Engineers,  Ixxix, 

117-165  (1915)- 

Discussion:  pp.  166-237.  An  excellent  statement  of  valuation  funda- 
mentals. The  writer  distinguishes  between  cost  and  value,  and  con- 
siders various  theories  of  valuation  at  some  length.  Includes  a  list 
of  important  legal  decisions. 


2l6 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


VALUATION 


217 


i 


Anderson,  G.  W.    How  to  get  rid  of  the  reproduction  cost 
theory.    Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  3,  28-36  (191 6). 
An  argument  for  the  use  of  the  actual  cost  theory,  with  citations.    The 

writer  believes  that  legislative  rather  than  judicial  control  of  rates  is 

desirable. 

Bauer,  John.    Bases  of  valuation  in  the  control  of  return  on 

public  utility  investments.    American  Economic  Review,  vi, 

568-588  (1916). 

On  the  need  for  a  definite  standard  of  valuation  and  the  requirements 
of  such  a  standard.    Good,  but  somewhat  academic. 

Valuation  of  public  service  properties:  actual  cost  vs.  cost 

of  reproduction.    Political  Science  Quarterly,  xxx,  254-276 

(1915)- 

A  somewhat  academic  general  discussion,  favoring  original  cost  and  the 
agency  theory. 

Beale,  J.  H.,  and  Wyman,  Bruce.    Basis  of  capital  charges. 

{In  Railroad  rate  regulation.    2d  edition.    New  York,  191 5.) 

209-249. 

A  good  legal  discussion  of  the  various  theories  of  valuation;  thoroughly 
annotated. 

Bemis,  E.  W.    Original  cost  as  the  chief  basis  for  fair  value. 

Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  3,  36-42  (1916). 

A  popular  argument,  with  quotations  from  reports  and  decisions. 

Bettman,  Alfred.    Constitutionality  of  historical  cost  method 

of  public  utility  valuation.    Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  3,  46- 

51  (1916). 

A  good  analysis,  with  many  citations  of  decisions. 

Clark,  J.  M.    Some  neglected  phases  of  rate  regulation.   Ameri- 
can Economic  Review,  iv,  565-574  (1914). 
A  somewhat  academic,  economic  discussion  of  (i)  fluctuating  prices  and 

the  earnings  of  capital,  (2)  surplus  accumulated  out  of  earnings,  and 

(3)  betterments  and  public  necessity. 

Cory,  C.  L.,  Vincent,  W.  G.,  Jr.,  and  Norton,  W.  J.  Sym- 
posiimi  on  inventories  and  appraisals  of  properties.  Trans., 
American  Institute  of  Electrical  Engineers,  xxxiv,  2023-2050 

(1915)- 

Part  I,  by  C.  L.  Cory  (pp.  2023-2030),  gives  a  brief  r6sum6  of  valuation 
theories. 


Dix,  J.  F.  "Partnerships"  vs.  "principal  and  agent"  in  public 
utility  rate  making.  Journal  of  Electricity,  Power  and  Gas, 
xxxi,  607-609  (1913). 

Dreyfus,  E.  D.    Reckoning  with  costs  of  superseded  equipment. 

Electrical  World,  Ixviii,  272-274  (191 6). 

Gives  reasons  for  allowing  expenditures  for  abandoned  equipment  to 

remain  in  the  capitalization.    Includes  charts  and  statements  of  the 

attitude  of  various  commissions. 

DuPONT,  A.  B.    Fallacy  of  the  "  reproduction  cost "  theory  in 
determining  the  value  of  property  of  public  utilities.    Util- 
ities Magazine,  i,  no.  3,  25-27  (1916). 
Popular,  with  hypothetical  illustrations. 

Erickson,  Halford.    Original  cost.    Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no. 

3,  43-46  (1916). 

An  excellent  statement  of  what  original  cost  means,  differing  somewhat 
from  the  usual  view. 

EsHLEMAN,  J.  M.    A  criticism  of  the  reproduction  theory  of 
valuation.    Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  3,  5-12  (191 6). 
A  very  good  discussion. 

Floy,  Henry.   Value  for  rate  making.   New  York,  1916.   322  pp. 

Ch.  iv.  Fair  value  for  rate  making. 

V.  Cost  of  reproduction. 
A  very  good  discussion  of  valuation  theories,  with  quotations  from  de- 
cisions.   Opposes  investment  cost  theory. 

Foster,  H.  A.    Value.     {In  Engineering  valuation  of  public 
utilities  and  factories.    New  York,  191 2.)    6-26. 
A  good  general  summary  of  valuation  theories,  with  quotations  from 
articles  and  cases. 

French,  H.  F.     Reproduction  value  vs.  fair  value.    Utilities 

Magazine,  i,  no.  3,  12-17  (1916). 

A  somewhat  popular  argument  against  the  use  of  reproduction  cost  as 
the  sole  criterion  of  value.  The  writer  believes  that  judgment,  with 
all  valuation  theories  as  guides,  is  the  only  just  method. 

Gandolfo,  J.  H.  The  valuation  of  public  utility  property. 
Trans.,  American  Society  of  Civil  Engineers,  Ixxix,  842-878 

(1915)- 

Discussion :  pp.  879-918.  An  excellent  discussion,  the  writer  advocating 
actual  cost  as  the  chief  basis  of  valuation. 


wm^\ 


218  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Gillette,  H.  P.   Two  conflicting  theories  of  valuation  of  public 
service  companies.     Engineering  and  Contracting,  xxxviii, 
648-650  (1912). 
The  writer  contends  that  valuation  must  be  based  on  market  value 

(competitive  theory)  or  the  amount  of  the  investment  (agency  theory) ; 

not  on  a  combination  of  the  two. 

Two   conflicting   theories   of   valuation.     Railway   Age 

Gazette,  liv,  55-56  (1913). 
The  same. 

Graham,  D.  A.  The  appraisal  of  waterworks  properties,  with 
special  reference  to  the  reproduction  method.  Engineering 
and  Contractmg,  xxxix,  420-421  (1913). 

Elementary. 
Gray,  J.  H.    Expert  (or  opinion)  testimony  in  rate  valuation 
cases:    a  study  in  the  administration  of  justice.    Utilities 
Magazine,  i,  no.  3, 192-204  (1916), 

The  regulation  of  public  service  corporations:  the  vagaries 

of  valuation.    American  Economic  Review,  supplement,  iv, 
18-68  (1914). 

The  writer  advocates  the  agency  theory  and  opposes  reproduction  cost 
as  being  unreal  and  based  on  estimate. 

Gruhl,  Edwin.  Recent  tendencies  m  valuations  for  rate  making 
purposes.  Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and 
Social  Science,  liii,  219-237  (1914). 

An  excellent  review  of  court  and  commission  attitude,  with  many  quo- 
tations from  the  cases.  Summarizes  the  conclusions.  Favors  repro- 
duction cost  less  physical  depreciation. 

Hayes,  H.V.  Public  utilities:  their  cost  new  and  depreciation. 
New  York,  1913.    262  pp. 

Ch.  ii.  Replacement  costs  of  physical  property. 

vi.  Original  cost. 

vii.  Commercial  value. 

xii.  Fair  present  value:  rates. 
General  discussions  of  the  various  valuation  theories. 

Public  utilities:  their  fair  present  value  and  return.    New 

York,  1915.    207  pp. 

Ch.  ii.  Ascertainment  of  fair  present  value. 

iv.  Replacement  cost. 

V.  Actual  original  cost. 
A  somewhat  elementary  discussion  of  the  various  valuation  theories. 


VALUATION 


219 


JuRGENSEN,  D.  F.  Misapplication  of  interest,  contingencies,  and 
engineering  items  for  valuing  railroads  by  cost  of  replacement 
method.  Journal  of  the  Association  of  Engineering  Societies, 
Ii,  95-101  (1913). 

Discussion:  pp.  237-239.    A  reply  to  criticism  of  his  "  Railroad  valua- 
tion: reproduction  cost  new  as  a  safe  basis  for  rates." 
Considers  chiefly  the  Northern  Pacific  valuation. 

Railroad  valuation:  reproduction  cost  new  as  a  sole  basis 

for  rates.  Journal  of  the  Association  of  Engineering  Societies, 

xlix,  204-214  (191 2). 

Discussion:  1,  66-67  (1913)-  Refers  to  railroads  only,  but  is  of  interest 
for  other  utilities  because  of  expressing  the  views  of  the  Minnesota 
railroad  and  warehouse  commission. 

Wrong  basis  for  rates.    Public  Service  Regulation,  i,  699- 


703  (1912). 

A  criticism  of  reproduction  cost  new,  favoring  "fair  value." 

Knowles,  Morris.    Relation  of  reproduction  cost  to  fair  value. 
Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  3, 17-21  (1916). 
The  writer  favors  actual  cost,  but  considers  reproduction  cost  an  ex- 
ceUent  guide. 

Lewis,  H.  T.  Interest  and  profits  in  rate  regulation:  the  prac- 
tice of  the  Wisconsin  railroad  commission.  Political  Science 
Quarterly,  xxvii,  239-259  (191 2). 

A  good  analysis,  with  many  quotations  from  cases  before  the  com- 
mission. 

Mack,  E.  S.  Standards  for  rate  regulation  by  commission.  ?, 
1908  ?    24  pp. 

A  general  discussion  of  legal  aspects  of  valuation  and  rate  regulation, 
the  writer  favoring  the  actual  cost  theory;  annotated. 

Metcalf,  Leonard.    Lessening  cost  of  valuation  of  public  util- 
ities.   Engineering  News,  Ixxv,  215  (1916). 
Abstract.    Interesting  suggestions  for  reducing  cost  of  valuations. 

Vincent,  W.  G.,  Jr.    Present  value  of  public  utility  properties. 
Journal  of  Electricity,  Power  and  Gas,  xxxiii,  403-407  (1914). 
An  elementary  account  of  how  present  value  is  determined;    includes 
illustrative  examples  and  one  chart. 


m 

111  'A\ 

J'' 


IMii'l'^ 


220         BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Whitten,R.H.    Actual  cost.    UtiUties  Magazine,  i,  no.  3   ci- 

53  (1916). 

A  very  good  theoretical  argument  for  the  use  of  actual  cost. 

I^jstinction  between  value  for  tax  and  rate  purposes.  Proc., 
National  Tax  Association,  1913:  342-350. 

Valuation  of  pubUc  service  corporaUons:    legal  and  eco- 
nomic phases  of  valuation  for  rate  making  and  pubUc  pur- 
chase.   New  York,  191 2-1914.    2  vols. 
^^*.!!'  ^^^'' ^*l"c  ^or  rate  purposes. 

iii.  Market  value  as  a  standard  for  rate  purposes. 

iv.  Cost  of  reproduction  as  a  standard  of  value  for  rate  purposes 

V.  Actual  cost  as  a  standard  of  value  for  rate  purposes, 
xviu.  Cost  new  v.  cost  less  depreciation. 

An  excellent  economic  discussion  of  valuation  theories,  with  very  full 
quotations  from  court  and  commission  cases. 

WiLGus,W.J.   Physical  valuations  of  railroads.   Trans.,  Ameri- 
can Society  of  Civil  Engineers,  bcxvii,  203-224  (1914). 
Discussion:  pp.  225-345.    A  good,  somewhat  elementary  discussion  of 

valuation  theones  and  problems.    Treats  of  railroads  only,  but  is  of 

interest  for  aU  public  utiUties. 

Williams,  W.  H.     Valuation  of  pubhc  service  corporations. 
Publications,  American  Economic  Association,  3d  series  xi 
196-238  (1910).  '     ' 

Cost  of  reproduction  theory  is  considered  somewhat  theoreticaUy  on 
pp.  190-216,  with  numerous  quotations  from  the  cases. 

INVENTORIES 

Badger,  H.  R.    Work  of  valuation  of  electric  railway  property 
Electric  Traction  Weekly,  vi,  197-199  (1910). 
A  good,  brief  analysis  of  the  necessary  organization  and  work. 

Ballard,  F.  W.    Some  essentials  of  appraisal  work.    Utilities 
Magazine,  i,  no.  3,  179-181  (1916). 

Bu:nr,  W.  E.    Bringing  an  old  waterworks  valuation  up  to  date 
Engineering  News,  ba,  408-409  (1913). 
Explanation  of  the  use  of  index  numbers  to  correct  for  changes  in  unit 

Carver,  H.  E.    Continuous  inventories:  their  value  and  prepa- 
ration.   Electric  Railway  Journal,  xlviii,  1053-1054  (1916). 


VALUATION 


221 


Cory,  C.  L.,  Vincent,  W.  G.,  Jr.,  and  Norton,  W.  J.  Sym- 
posium on  inventories  and  appraisals  of  properties.  Trans., 
American  Institute  of  Electrical  Engineers,  xxxiv,  2023-2050 

(1915)- 

Part  II,  by  W.  G.  Vincent,  Jr.  (pp.  2031-2040),  treats  of  the  method  of 

taking  the  inventory. 
Dickerman,  J.  C.   The  determination  of  unit  prices  in  appraisals 
for  rate  making.    Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  6,  23-25  (1916). 
A  good  discussion,  with  some  reference  to  the  practice  of  various  com- 
missions. 
Dreyfus,  E.  D.     Appraisement  of  small  electric  properties. 
Electrical  Review  and  Western  Electrician,  kvi,  433-438, 

500-505  (1915)- 

An  excellent  discussion  of  the  method  of  taking  the  inventory;   with 
suggested  forms,  symbols  and  depreciation  charts. 

Floy,  Henry.   Cost  of  reproduction,    (/n  Value  for  rate  making. 

New  York,  1916.)    100-131. 

Includes  a  suggestive  summary  of  the  elements  of  reproduction  cost 
(pp.  1 1 2-1 13)  and  instructions  for  making  the  inventory. 

Development  expenses,  intangible  expenses,  non-physical 

costs,  overhead  expenses.     {In  Valuation  of  public  utility 

properties.    New  York,  191 2.)    90-128. 

Gives  tables  showing  the  classification  used  in  the  inventory  in  the 
Coney  Island  cases. 

Valuation  of  public  utility  properties.    New  York,  191 2. 


390  pp. 

Ch.  iv.  Making  an  appraisal. 

v.  Structural  costs. 
An  excellent  outline  of  the  work  and  methods  to  be  used  m  making  an 
appraisal.    Includes  charts  of  unit  price  fluctuations. 

Ford,  F.  R.    Valuation  of  intangible  street  railway  property. 
Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 

Science,  xxxvii,  119-141  (1911)- 
Outlines  the  inventory  needed. 

Foster,  H.  A.    Engineering  valuation  of  public  utilities  and 

factories.    New  York,  191 2.    345  PP- 

Ch.  iii.  Directions  for  the  valuation  of  tangible  property. 

iv.  Instructions  for  valuation. 

V.  Forms  for  use  in  making  a  valuation. 


w 


i  1 


222  BIBUOGRAPEY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

These  chapters  form  an  excellent  guide  for  the  valuation  engineer. 

Chapter  iv  consists  of  quotations  from  the  instructions  issued  by  Judge 
Savage  in  a  Maine  case.  Chapter  v  includes  a  very  large  number  of 
fonns  used  by  the  Wisconsin  tax  and  raibx)ad  commissions,  with  dis- 
cussion. 

Gillette,  H.  P.     The  valuation  of  waterworks  properties. 
I.  Inventorying  a  waterworks  plant.    Engineering  and  Con- 
tracting, xliii,  394-395  (iQis). 
A  good  outline  of  the  inventory  and  the  work  of  making  the  appraisal. 

Glaeser,  M.  G.    The  problem  of  unit  prices  in  valuation.  Util- 
ities Magazine,  i,  no.  3,  161-165  (1916). 
A  good  elementary  analysis. 

Hayes,  H.  V.    Public  utilities:  their  cost  new  and  depreciation. 
New  York,  1913.    262  pp. 
Ch.  ii.  Replacement  costs  of  physical  property. 

iii.  Determination  of  replacement  cost. 
Includes  some  discussion  of  unit  prices  and  inventory  methods. 

Henriques,  J.  C.    Power  plant  inventory.    Electric  RaOway 
Journal,  xlvii,  616-618  (1916). 
Includes  suggested  forms. 

KuHN,  G.  W.   How  to  appraise  public  utility  property.   Electric 
Railway  Journal,  xlviii,  97-100,  315-319  (1916). 
Includes  suggested  forms.    A  good  and  fairly  detaUed  account. 

Meigs,  R.  J.  Cooperation  in  making  inventories.  Utilities 
Magazine,  i,  no.  3,  181-182  (1916). 

Morse,  J.  G.   Valuation  by  approximation.   UtiKties  Magazine, 

i,  no.  3,  183-187  (191^). 

A  very  interesting  and  suggestive  article  advocating  the  use  of  methods 
smiilar  to  those  of  the  fire  insurance  underwriters  as  being  sufficiently 
accurate  in  connection  with  the  inevitable  assumptions. 

Pence,  W.  D.  The  functions  of  a  technical  staff  in  pubUc  utiHty 
regulation.  Proc,  Indiana  Sanitary  and  Water  Supply  As- 
sociation, 1913:  I 14-142. 

Describes  the  work  of  the  Wisconsin  commission's  technical  staff  and  in- 
cludes an  outline  of  the  inventory  used  and  of  the  form  of  organization. 

Functions  of  a  technical  staff  in  the  regulation  of  public 

utilities.    Engineering  Record,  hvii,  260-262  (loi^) 
Abstract. 


VALUATION 


223 


Pence,  W.  D.    The  valuation  and  inspection  work  of  the  joint 
engineering  staff  of  the  Wisconsin  tax  and  railroad  commis- 
sions.   Engmeering  News,  bd,  227-229  (1909). 
Abstract. 

Valuation  by  Wisconsin  state  engineers.    Public  Service 

Regulation,  ii,  127-130  (1913). 
Abstract. 

Wisconsin  service  inspection  and  improvement.     Public 

Service  Regulation,  ii,  167-171  (1913). 
Abstract. 

The  work  of  the  joint  engineering  staff  of  the  Wisconsin 

tax  and  railroad  commissions.    Journal  of  the  Western  So- 
ciety of  Engineers,  xiv,  73-100  (1909). 

Discussion:  pp.  loo-iii.    A  full  account  of  the  organization  and  work 
of  the  engineering  department. 

Engineering  Record,  lix,  10-12, 49-52, 73-75  (iQOp)- 


Reprint. 

PiLLSBURY,  C.  L.  The  making  and  maintenance  of  priced  in- 
ventories of  public  utilities.  Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  3 , 1 7 1- 
178  (1916). 

ExceUent;  non-technical. 

Priest,  G.  H.   Some  notes  on  the  valuation  of  mains  and  services. 
American  Gas  Light  Journal,  c,  266-267  (1914)- 
Discussion:  pp.  267-268.    Directions  for  making  the  appraisal. 

RiGGS,  H.  E.  The  valuation  of  public  service  corporation  prop- 
erty.   Trans.,  American  Society  of  Civil  Engineers,  Ixxii,  i- 

173  (1911). 

Discussion:  pp.  174-300.    Gives  forms  for  inventories;  rather  technical. 

ScHREiBER,  Martin.  The  accuracy  of  appraisals.  Aera,  i,  247- 
251  (1912). 

Thompson,  R.  A.  Method  used  by  the  Railroad  commission  of 
Texas,  under  the  stock  and  bond  law,  in  valuing  railroad 
properties.     Trans.,  American  Society  of  Civil  Engineers, 

111,  328-345  (1904). 

Discussion:    pp.  346-364.     Technical;    with  illustrative  forms   and 
tables. 


il 


224  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Van  Auken,  C.  L.  Making  a  physical  valuation  of  large  termi- 
nals.   Railway  Age  Gazette,  lix,  127-129  (1915). 

Field  and  office  suggestions,  with  illustrative  fonns.    Treats  of  railroads 
only,  but  is  of  interest  in  connection  with  traction  valuations. 

Wells,  W.  I.    Elements  affecting  the  fair  valuation  of  plant  and 
property.    Proc,  National  Electric  Light  Association,  191 1: 
i,  271-283. 
Discussion:  pp.  283-289.    A  good  analysis  of  valuation  elements. 

Whitten,  R.  H.  Average  price  v.  present  price.  (In  Valuation 
of  public  service  corporations.  New  York,  1912-1914.)  i 
and  ii,  ch.  xi. 

An  excellent  economic  discussion  of  unit  prices  in  valuation,  with  very 
full  quotations  from  court  and  commission  cases. 

Rules  for  appraisers  in  Maine  condemnation  cases.     (In 

Valuation  of  public  service  corporations.    New  York,  191 2- 
1914.)    i,  ch.  xxxi. 

Quotations  from  the  directions  of  Judge  Savage. 

WooLFOLK,  W.  G.    Appraisal  of  public  utility  properties.    In- 
dianapolis ?    191 5  ?    39  pp. 
Method  of  making  the  appraisal,  with  forms. 

INTANGIBLES 

Abendroth,  H.  G.  Overhead  charges  in  valuation.  Aera,  iii, 
354-364  (1914). 

An  analysis  of  the  elements;   includes  a  table  of  percentages  used  in 
various  appraisals. 

Electric  Railway  Journal,  xliii,  1434-1436  (1914). 

Abstract. 

Alvord,  J.  W.  The  financial  questions  in  waterworks  valuations. 
Proc,  American  Waterworks  Association,  xxii,  142-152 
(1902). 

A  brief  discussion  of  intangible  values,  franchise  value  and  rate  of  return. 

Engineering  Record,  xliv,  30-32  (1902). 

Abstract. 


VALUATION 


225 


Alvord,  J.  W.    Notes  on  going  value  and  methods  for  its  com- 
putation.    Proc.,  American  Waterworks  Association,  xxix, 
184-208  (1909). 
Discussion:  pp.  208-279.    An  excellent  analysis,  with  many  tables  and 

charts. 
For  discussion  of  this  article,  see  W.  H.  Bryan's  "  Going  value  as  an 

element  in  the  appraisal  of  public  utility  properties." 

Bauer,  John.    Going  value  in  connection  with  a  physical  ap- 
praisal in  a  rate  case:  the  New  York  rule.    Political  Science 

Quarterly,  xxx,  4^3-475  (iQiS)- 

Gomg  value :  what  it  is,  how  it  is  to  be  calculated,  and  when  it  should 
be  allowed  under  the  rule  in  the  King's  County  lighting  case. 

Bryan,  W.  H.    Going  value  as  an  element  in  the  appraisal  of 
public  utility  properties.    Journal  of  the  Association  of  En- 
gineering Societies,  xliii,  147-158  (1909). 
Discussion:   pp.  286-288.    A  very  interesting  discussion  of  intangible 

values  as  considered  by  the  Wisconsin  commission,  and  by  J.  W. 

Alvord  in  his  "  Notes  on  going  value  and  methods  for  its  computa- 


tion. 


)) 


Journal  of  Electricity,  Power  and  Gas,  xxiv,  31-35 

(1910). 

Reprint. 
BxjRNS,  C.  S.    The  valuation  of  public  utilities.    Public  Service, 

xi,  117-118  (1911). 

Brief  discussion  of  going  value. 

CooLEY,  M.  E.    Overhead  charges.    Proc,  American  Electric 
Railway  Accountants'  Association ,1911:   1 69- 1 83 . 
Discussion:    pp.  183-197;    191 2:    37-44-    A  good,  rather  elementary 
discussion. 

Cory,  C.  L.,  Vincent,  W.  G.,  Jr.,  and  Norton,  W.  J.  Sym- 
posium on  inventories  and  appraisals  of  properties.  Trans., 
American  Institute  of  Electrical  Engineers,  xxxiv,  2023-2050 

(1915)- 

Part  III,  by  W.  J.  Norton  (pp.  2041-2050),  discusses  working  capital. 

Erickson,  Halford.    Principles  of  valuation  of  public  utilities. 
Public  Service  Regulation,  i,  294-300,  370-377  (1912). 
Intangibles:  pp.  370-37 7- 


226         BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Floy,  Henry.   Cost  of  reproduction.    (In  Value  for  rate  making. 
New  York,  1916.)    100-131. 

Includes  some  discussion  of  certain  intangible  elements  with  suggested 
percentages. 

Development  expenses,  intangible  expenses,  non-physical 
costs,  overhead  expenses.     {In  Valuation  of  public  utility 
properties.    New  York,  191 2.)    91-128. 
A  thorough,  annotated  study,  with  tables  showing  the  inventory  used 

m  the  Coney  Island  cases. 

Franchises,  good  will,  going  value,  contracts.  {In  Valu- 
ation of  pubKc  utiUty  properties.  New  York,  1912.)  129-167. 
A  thorough  study,  with  charts  and  tables,  and  many  quotations  from 

articles  and  court  and  commission  decisions. 

Franchises,  working  capital  and  bond  discounts.     {In 

Value  for  rate  making.    New  York,  191 6.)    157-176. 
Includes  quotations  from  decisions. 

Value  for  rate  making.    New  York,  1916.    322  pp. 

Ch.  vii.  Franchises,  working  capital  and  bond  discounts. 

viii.   Going  value. 
An  exceUent  discussion,  with  quotations  from  court  and  commission 
decisions.    Includes  a  table  of  working  capital  aUowances  by  different 
courts  and  commissions  (p.  171),  and  other  tables  and  charts. 

Ford,  F.  R.    Valuation  of  intangible  street  railway  property. 
Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 
Science,  xxxvii,  119-141  (1911). 
Includes  elaborate  analyses  of  the  intangible  elements;    outlines  the 

inventory  needed;   and  briefly  reviews  the  treatment  of  intangibles 

m  certain  traction  valuations. 

Foster,  H.  A.  Value  of  good  will,  going  concern  or  going  value. 
{In  Engineering  valuation  of  public  utilities  and  factories. 
New  York,  191 2.)    133-146. 

An  analysis  of  intangible  values,  with  quotations  from  articles  and 
cases. 

FowLE,  F.  F.  Going  value.  Journal  of  the  Western  Society  of 
Engineers,  xvii,  147-170  (1912). 

Discussion:  pp.  177-190.   A  very  good  review  and  discussion  of  various 
methods  of  determining  going  value. 

Going  value  of  public  utilities.    Electric  Railway  Journal, 

xxxviii,  1115-1117  (1911). 
Abstract. 


VALUATION 


227 


FowLE,  F.  F.    What  is  going  value  ?    Public  Service  Regulation, 
i,  627-636  (1912). 
Abstract. 

Fox,  A.  M.    Going  value  in  purchase  vs.  rate  cases.    Utilities 
Magazine,  i,  no.  3, 152-154  (1916). 

Garrison,  N.  J.    Intangible  assets  of  public  utilities.    Public 
Service,  xii,  105-107  (191 2). 

Gillette,  H.  P.    The  appraisal  of  "  overhead  costs."    Electri- 
cal World,  kvi,  41-43  (1915)- 

The  appraisal  of  water  power  rights.     Engineering  and 

Contracting,  xxxviii,  624-628  (1912). 
A  discussion  of  the  various  theories. 

Development  cost  or  "  going  value  "  of  public  service 

companies.    Engineering  and  Contracting,  xxxvii,  708-712 

(1912). 

Abstract  of  a  report  by  Mr.  Gillette,  interesting  because  of  a  discussion 

of  intangible  values. 
(An  abstract  of  another  portion  of  the  report  is  published  in  xxxvii, 

429-432.) 

Non-physical  or  going  concern  values.     Annals  of  the 

American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  liii,  214- 

218  (1914)- 

Brief,  elementary  outline  of  the  elements  of  intangible  value. 

Valuations  of  public  service  properties.    Public  Service,  x, 

114-116  (1911). 

Emphasizes  the  importance  of  development  expense  in  determining  the 
fair  rate  of  return. 

• The  valuation  of  waterworks  properties.     III.  The  ap- 
praisal of  "  overhead  costs."    Engineering  and  Contracting, 

xliv,  14-18  (1915)- 

A  good,  thorough  discussion. 

,    V.  Appraisal  of  water  right  values.    Engineering 

and  Contracting,  xliv,  157-158  (1915)- 
A  good  general  discussion. 


228  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Gillette,  H.  P.    The  valuation  of  waterworks  properties.    VI. 
Appraisal  of  development  cost  or  going  value  and  franchise 
value.    Engineering  and  Contracting,  xliv,  258-261  (191 5) 
A  long  analysis,  with  Ulustrative  tables  of  value  by  different  methods. 

•    VII.  Appraisal  of  working    capital.     Engineering 
and  Contracting,  xliv,  356  (1915). 

Hagenah,  W.  J.    Intangible  values  of  electric  railways  and  their 

determination.    Public  Service,  xiii,  213-214,  223-225  (1012) 
Abstract.  o  \  ^     /• 

Intangible  values  of  electric  railways  and  their  determi- 
nation from  accounts.  Proc.,  American  Electric  Railway 
Accountants' Association,  191 2:  60-74. 

A  rather  general  discussion,  the  writer  maintaining  that  the  determi- 
nation of  mtangible  values  is  mainly  an  accounting  problem. 

Electric  Railway  Journal,  xl,  698-701  (1912). 


Abstract. 

Harvard  Law  Review  —  Notes.    The  problem  of  going  value. 
Harvard  Law  Review,  xxvii,  744-745  (1914). 
An  exceUent  summary  of  court  decisions,  with  many  citations. 

Hayes,  H.  V.     Going  value.     {In  Public  utiUties:    their  fair 
present  value  and  return.    New  York,  1915.)    131-158. 
A  good  non-technical  discussion. 

Public  utilities:    their  cost  new  and  depreciation.    New 

York,  1913.    262  pp. 

Ch.  iii.   Determination  of  replacement  cost. 

iv.   Value  as  going  concern. 

V.   Value  of  good  will  and  franchises. 
A  discussion  of  intangibles,  with  some  quotations  from  decisions. 

Heilman,  R.  E.    Some  economic  aspects  of  waterworks  valu- 
ation.   Journal  of  the  American  Waterworks  Association,  ii 
538-543  (1915)- 

A  brief  discussion  of  the  attitude  of  various  commissions  towards  uoinir 
value.  *     * 

Kealy,P.J.  Overhead  charges  in  valuation  work.  Proc.,  Ameri- 
can Electric  Railway  Association,  1916:   172-190. 
A  very  thorough  study,  giving  a  good  analysis  of  the  various  elements. 


VALUATION 


229 


Kealy,  p.  J.     Overhead  charges  in  valuation  work.     Electric 

Railway  Journal,  xlviii,  762-767  (1916). 

Abstract. 
Part  played  by  overhead  charges  in  determining  valuations. 

Public  Service,  xxi,  139-140  (1916). 
Abstract. 

Knowles,  Morris.    Determination  of  going  value.    Public  Ser- 
vice, xiii,  175-177  (1912). 
A  brief  description  of  the  various  methods;  with  one  chart. 

Lawton,  W.  H.      Depreciation,  intangible  values  and  rates. 

Journal  of  Accountancy,  xvii,  325-354  (1914)- 

An  excellent  article  including  an  analysis  of  the  intangible  elements. 

Marks,  W.  D.    Practical  rate  making  and  appraisement.  South 
Hadley,  1914  ?    269  pp. 

Overhead  charges:  pp.  159-162. 

Present  value  of  prospective  profits;    "  good  will  "  ;    "  development 

expense  "  ;  "  going  value  ";  "  intangible  values  "  ;  options. 
A  very  brief  general  discussion  of  intangibles. 

Metcalf,  Leonard,  and  Alvord,  J.  W.  The  going  value  of 
waterworks.    Trans.,  American  Society  of  Civil  Engineers, 

bndii,  326-355  (1911).  .... 

Discussion:    pp.  356-391.    Thorough  treatment  of  the  subject.     In- 
eludes  tables  and  charts. 

Nash,  L.  R.  Recent  developments  in  public  service  regulation. 
Stone  and  Webster  Public  Service  Journal,  xv,  132-134  (1914)- 
Very  brief  account  of  current  decisions  as  to  intangibles. 

Paine,  F.  B.  H.  Preliminary  and  indirect  costs:  sometimes 
called  overheads.    Stone  and  Webster  Journal,  xix,  186-207 

(1916). 

An  oudine  and  discussion;  elementary  and  rather  popular. 

RosECRANTZ,  C.  M.     Other  elements  of  value.     Proc,  Ameri- 
can Electric  Railway  Association,  1913:   136-152. 
A  good  analysis  and  historical  account  of  intangibles  in  valuations  for 
different  purposes,  with  many  quotations  from  court  decisions. 

RoYCE,  F.  P.  The  going  concern  value  in  public  service  cor- 
porations. Stone  and  Webster  Public  Service  Journal,  xiv, 
89-96  (1914)- 


230         BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

RoYCE,  F.  P.    The  going  concern  value  in  public  service  cor- 
porations.   Aera,  ii,  475-490  (1913). 
Reprint. 

Shaad,  G.  C.    Intangible  values  and  their  relation  to  the  valu- 
ation of  public  utilities.     Electrical  Review  and  Western 
Electrician,  bdv,  26-28  (1914). 
An  elementary  anal3rsis. 

Storer,  S.  B.  The  relation  of  load  factor  to  the  valuation  of 
hydroelectric  plants.  Trans.,  American  Institute  of  Electri- 
cal Engineers,  xxv,  139-143  (1906). 

Semi-technical,  with  charts.   The  writer  states  that  the  value  of  a  hydro- 
electric plant  is  due  primarily  to  its  earnings. 

Thorne,  Clutord.    Going  value  as  an  element  of  fair  value. 
Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  3,  138-152  (1916). 
An  excellent  analysis,  including  a  review  of  commission  decisions. 

Tingley,  R.  H.    Overhead  charges  in  valuation.    Railway  Age 

Gazette,  Iviii,  1247-1248  (1915). 

A  very  brief  discussion  of  the  meaning  of  overhead  and  of  commission 
attitude. 

Written,  R.H.   Valuation  of  public  service  corporations:  legal 
and  economic  phases  of  valuation  for  rate  making  and  public 
purchase.    New  York,  1912-1914.    2  vols. 
Ch.  viii.   Property  donated  or  acquired  without  cost, 
ix.   Property  constructed  out  of  surplus. 
X.   Unused  property, 
xii.   Overhead  charges, 
xiii.   Discoimt  on  bonds, 
xiv.  Working  capital. 
XV.  Piecemeal  construction, 
xvi.  Adaptation  and  solidification, 
xxi.   Going  concern  in  purchase  cases, 
xxii.   Going  concern  in  rate  cases, 
xxiii.   Going  concern  as  the  value  of  a  created  income, 
xxiv.   Going  value  rule  of  Wisconsin  raihx)ad  commission. 
xxv.  The  theory  of  going  concern  value. 
Very  excellent  chapters  on  the  different  elements  of  intangible  values. 
Economic  and  theoretical  discussion,  together  with  very  full  quota- 
tions from  all  important  court  and  conmiission  cases. 

Wyer,  S.  S.  Going  value  and  going  concern  value.  {In  Regu- 
lation, valuation  and  depreciation  of  public  utilities.  Colum- 
bus, 1913.)    176-183. 

Composed  largely  of  classified  quotations  from  books,  articles,  and  cases. 
A  good,  semi-technical  analysis;  includes  charts. 


VALUATION 


231 


FRANCHISE  VALUE 
Alvord,  J.  W.   The  financial  questions  in  waterworks  valuations. 
Proc.,    American   Waterworks   Association,    xxii,    142-152 

(1902). 

A  brief  discussion  of  intangible  values,  franchise  value  and  rate  of  return. 

Engineering  Record,  xliv,  30-32  (1902). 


Abstract. 
Baldwin,  H.  DeF.     Determining  franchise  values.     Utilities 

Magazine,  i,  no.  3,  67-71  (1916). 
On  the  valuation  of  waterworks'  special  franchises.  Proc., 

American  Waterworks  Association,  xxxiii,  9-43  (1913)- 

Discussion:  pp.  43-47.   The  writer  regards  franchise  value  as  based  on 
a  return  above  "  fair  return." 

Bettman,  Alfred.   Theory  of  franchise  values.   Utilities  Maga- 
zine, i,  no.  3,  74-76  (1916). 
An  interesting  discussion. 

Floy,  Henry.    The  engineer's  activity  in  public  affairs:  public 
utility  commissions  and  franchise  valuation.    Trans.,  Ameri- 
can Institute  of  Electrical  Engineers,  xxvii,  335-353  (iQoS)- 
Discussion:  pp.  3S4"372. 

Franchises,  good  will,  going  value,  contracts.    {In  Valua- 
tion of  public  utility  properties.   New  York,  191 2.)    129-167. 
A  thorough  study,  with  charts  and  tables,  and  many  quotations  from 
articles  and  court  and  commission  decisions. 

Franchises,  working  capital   and   bond  discounts.     {In 


Value  for  rate  making.    New  York,  1916.)    157-176. 

Franchise  value:  pp.  157-165. 
Includes  quotations  from  decisions. 

Foster,  H.  A.    Franchise.    {In  Engineering  valuation  of  public 
utilities  and  factories.    New  York,  191 2.)    236-251. 
A  good  discussion  of  franchises  and  their  terms,  franchise  valuation  and 
taxation,  with  many  quotations  from  court  and  commission  decisions. 

Harvard  Law  Review  —  Notes.     Valuation  of  public  service 
franchises.    Harvard  Law  Review,  xxviii,  501-505  (1915)- 
An  excellent  summary  of  court  decisions,  with  many  citations. 


d 


I 


232  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Hayes,  H.  V.    Values  of  good  will  and  franchises.    (In  Public 
utilities:  their  cost  new  and  depreciation.   New  York,  1913.) 
94-101. 
Includes  a  very  brief  discussion  of  franchise  value. 

Hodge,  W.  H.  Concerning  franchise  values.    Public  Service,  v, 
111-112  (1908). 

McLain,  C.  a.    Some  distinctions  between  the  legal  and  ad- 
ministrative phases  of  franchise  valuation.    Utilities  Maga- 
zine, i,  no.  3,  72-74  (1916). 
A  good  analysis. 

Marks,  W.  D.    Franchise  value.    (In  Practical  rate  making  and 
appraisement.    South  Hadley,  1914  ?)    184-186. 

Wherry,  W.  M.,  Jr.    Franchise  values.    Proc,  American  Elec- 
tric Railway  Association,  1913:   124-135. 

A  good  historical  treatment  of  the  difference  between  cost  and  value  of 
franchise;  with  quotations  from  court  decisions. 

Electric  Railway  Journal,  xlii,  781-782  (1913). 

Abstract. 

Franchise  values  considered.    Aera,  ii,  463-474  (1913). 

Reprint. 

Whitten,  R.  H.    Valuation  of  public  service  corporations:  legal 

and  economic  phases  of  valuation  for  rate  making  and  public 

purchase.    New  York,  191 2-1914.    2  vols. 

Ch.  xrvi.  Franchise  value  in  purchase  cases, 
xxvii.  Franchise  value  in  rate  cases, 
xxviii.  Appraisal  of  franchise  value. 
xxix.  The  theory  of  franchise  value. 
Very  excellent  economic  discussion  of  franchise  value,  with  very  full 
quotations  from  court  and  commission  cases. 

Wilcox,  D.  F.   Principles  as  to  franchise  values.   Utilities  Maga- 
zine, i,  no.  3,  59-67  (1916). 

A  good  elementary  discussion  of  franchise  values  for  taxation,  rate 
making,  condenmation,  sale  and  capitalization. 


VALUATION 


LAND  VALUE 


233 


Bemis,  E.  W.  Treatment  of  land  in  rate  cases.  National  Mu- 
nicipal Review,  iii,  741-745  (1914). 

Doty,  E.  T.   The  measurement  of  land  values.    Utilities  Maga- 
zine, i,  no.  3,  85-87  (1916). 
Elementary  outline  of  methods  used;  with  diagrams. 

Floy,  Henry.    Land,  paving  and  water  rights.     (In  Value  for 
rate  making.    New  York,  1916.)    132-156. 
An  excellent  discussion,  with  quotations  from  decisions. 

Structural  costs.    (In  Valuation  of  public  utility  properties. 

New  York,  1912.)    62-90. 

Includes  an  interesting  discussion  of  real  estate  valuation,  with  tables 
and  quotations  from  articles  and  decisions. 

Gillette,  H.  P.  The  valuation  of  waterworks  properties.  IV. 
Appraisal  of  reservoir  site  value.  Engineering  and  Contract- 
ing, xliv,  80-81  (1915). 

Hayes,  H.  V.  Determination  of  replacement  cost.  (In  Public 
utilities:  their  cost  new  and  depreciation.  New  York,  1 913.) 
35-68. 

Includes  a  brief  discussion  of  land  values  (pp.  61-68). 

Principles  to  be  applied  in  valuing  land.    Utilities  Maga- 
zine, i,  no.  3,  77-84  (1916). 
An  excellent  elementary  statement  of  principles. 

Helm,  A.  E.  Principles  to  be  applied  in  valuation  of  lands  used 
for  the  purpose  of  a  conmion  carrier.  Utilities  Magazine,  i, 
no.  3,  88-91  (1916). 

Opposes  the  allowance  of  unearned  increment;    includes  brief  sum- 
maries of  court  decisions. 

Maltbie,  M.  R.  The  proper  treatment  of  appreciation  of  land. 
Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  3,  96-97  (1916). 

The  writer  believes  that  appreciation  should  be  treated  as  income  to 
o£fset  depreciation. 

O'Brien,  T.  D.  Land  values  under  the  Minnesota  rate  case. 
Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  3,  84-85  (1916). 


Ii» 


ji 


234 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OP  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


Stevens,  F.  W.   Discussion  of  principles  to  be  applied  in  valuing 
land.    Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  3,  92-96  (1916). 
Popular  discussion  with  references  to  court  attitude. 

The  valuation  of  railroad  right  of  way.    ?,  1914.    3  pam- 
phlets. 
Discusses  principles  as  applied  to  railroads  only,  but  is  of  some  interest 

for  other  utilities,  especially  street  railways.    Many  quotations  from 

the  cases. 

WmTTEN,  R.  H.   Valuation  of  public  service  corporations:  legal 

and  economic  phases  of  valuation  for  rate  making  and  public 

purchase.    New  York,  191 2-1914.    2  vols. 

Ch.  vi.  Valuation  of  land, 
vii.  Pavement  over  mains, 
viii.   Property  donated  or  acquired  without  cost. 
An  excellent  economic  discussion  of  land  valuation,  with  very  full  quo- 
tations from  court  and  conmiission  cases. 

DEPRECIATION 

Allison,  J.  E.   A  criticism  of  theoretical  depreciation.   Utilities 
Magazine,  i,  no.  3, 124-126  (191 6). 

Depreciation.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Politi- 
cal and  Social  Science,  liii,  198-213  (1914). 

Condensed  from  "  Should  pubUc  service  properties  be  depreciated  to 
obtain  fair  value  in  rate  or  regulation  cases  " ;  with  charts. 

Finding  fair  value.    Public  Service  Regulation,  i,  716-721 

(1912). 
Abstract. 

Should  public  service  properties  be  depreciated  to  obtain 


fair  value  in  rate  or  regulation  cases  ?  St.  Louis,  191 2.  50  pp. 

Report  to  the  St.  Louis  public  service  commission. 

Gives  methods  of  computation,  with  charts  and  theoretical  discussion. 

Non-technical.    Opposes  depreciation  deductions  in  valuations  for 

rate  making. 

Alvord,  J.  W.    Depreciation.   Proc.,  American  Waterworks  As- 
sociation, xxiii,  473-502  (1903). 

Discussion:  pp.  502-511.  An  analysis  of  the  probable  life  of  various 
classes  of  waterworks  equipment,  with  tables,  charts  and  formulae; 
semi-technical. 


'  ; 


,19 


VALUATION 


23s 


Alvom),  J.  W.    The  depreciation  of  public  utility  properties  as 
affecting  their  valuation  and  fair  return.    Trans.,  American 
Society  of  Civil  Engineers,  kxvii,  788-803  (1914)- 
Discussion:    pp.  804-889.    An  excellent,  semi-technical  discussion  of 
depreciation  theories  and  methods. 

American  Waterworks  Association.    A  discussion  of  depreciation 
and  a  comparison  of  rates  and  bookkeeping  methods  of  mu- 
nicipally and  privately  owned  waterworks.    Proc,  American 
Waterworks  Association,  xxxiii,  325-327  (1912). 
Brief  comments  by  many  diflferent  men. 

Armstrong,  C.  H.    Depreciation  and  kindred  matters.    Journal 

of  Gas  Lighting,  Water  Supply  and  Sanitary  Improvement, 

cii,  223-225  (1908). 

On  the  accountancy  of  depreciation,  with  illustrative  examples. 

Atkinson,  A.  S.    Construction  and  depreciation.   Electric  Trac- 
tion Weekly,  v,  919-921  (1909). 
Refers  to  street  railways. 

Barker,  Harry.    Side  lights  on  depreciation  problems  of  util- 
ities.   Engineering  News,  Ixxvi,  1167-1169, 1212-1215  (1916). 

On  depreciation  in  rate  making.    Includes  definitions,  methods  of  com- 
putation, accoimtancy  and  discussion. 

Bauer,  John.    Depreciation  and  rate  control:    a  question  of 
justice.     Quarterly  Journal  of  Economics,  xxix,  651-659 

(1915)- 

See  Young,  A.  A.    Depreciation  and  rate  control. 

Depredation  formula  of  the  American  society  of  civil  en- 
gineers.   Journal  of  Accountancy,  xx,  104-111  (1915)- 
Technical. 

BissELL,  G.  W.   The  depreciation  of  electrical  properties.   Elec- 
trical Age,  xxxvi,  459-461  (1906). 

General  discussion,  with  tables  of  percentage  depreciation  of  plant  and 
equipment. 

BoNBRiGHT,  J.  C.   Depredation  and  rate  control:  a  further  dis- 
cussion.    Quarterly   Journal   of  Economics,  xxx,   546-558 
(1916). 
See  Yoimg,  A.  A.    Depreciation  and  rate  control. 


236         BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Booth,  W.  H.    Sinking  fund  charges.    Tramway  and  Railway 
World,  xiii,  349-353  (1903). 
On  the  accountancy  of  depredation  and  renewals. 

Bryan,  W.  H.  The  appraisal  and  depreciation  of  waterworks 
and  sunilar  properties.  Journal  of  the  Association  of  Engi- 
neering  Societies,  xxxix,  336-366  (1907). 

Discussion:  pp.  367-381.  A  very  good,  concise  summary  of  valuation 
theories  and  kinds  of  depreciation,  with  discussion.  Includes  charts 
and  a  table  of  estimated  life  and  depreciation  of  machinery  and  plant 
(pp.  362-365). 

Burns,  C.  S.    Valuation  of  public  utilities.    Municipal  Journal 
and  Engineer,  xxix,  744-746  (1910). 
A  technical  article  on  the  derivation  of  depreciation  formulae. 

Chase,  H.   S.     Depredation  in  waterworks  accounts:    with 
reference  to  uniform  reports.    Journal  of  the  New  England 
Waterworks  Association,  xxiv,  305-313  (1910). 
Discussion:  pp.  313-331. 

Maintenance  and   depredation  charges  in  accounts  of 

public  service  corporations.    Journal  of  Accountancy,  iv,  1-9 
(1907). 

On  the  need  for  proper  and  uniform  accounts  as  the  basis  for  comparisons 
of  munidpal  and  private  ownership. 

Child,  R.W.   Where  a  theory  fails.    Stone  and  Webster  Public 
Service  Journal,  viii,  422-426  (191 1). 
A  brief  attempt  to  apply  the  common  sense  test  to  depreciation. 

Claplin,  G.  E.  Depredation  accoimting  for  small  companies. 
Proc,  National  Electric  Light  Assodation,  1909:  vol.  iii, 
165-175. 

Discussion:   pp.  175-182.    On  the  methods  of  accounting  for  depre- 
dation in  large  and  small  companies,  and  their  differences. 

Cravaih,J.  R.  Accounting  for  depredation.  Electrical  World, 
Ixv,  213-215  (1915). 

Cravens,  G.  W.   The  depredation  and  maintenance  of  electrical 

equipment.    Electrical  Review  and  Western  Electrician,  Ivi 

853-856  (1910). 

A  technical  discussion  of  the  accountancy  (rf  depreciation;   with  for- 
mulae. 


VALUATION 


237 


Davies,  H.  G.    Fair  interest  on  investment  in  public  utilities. 

Electric  Railway  Journal,  xliv,  1 287-1 289  (1914)- 
Answer  to  J.  B.  Geijsbeek,  "  Fair  return  to  public  utilities." 
For  a  more  extended  discussion,  see  article  with  same  title  in  Journal  of 
Accountancy. 

Journal  of  Accountancy,  xix,  34-45  (iQ^S)- 

Answer  to  J.  B.  Geijsbeek,  "  Fair  return  to  public  utilites." 
With  tables  and  illustrative  examples. 

Davis,  J.  S.    Depreciation  and  rate  control:  a  criticism.  Quar- 
terly Journal  of  Economics,  xxix,  362-378,  388-395  (1915). 
See  Young,  A.  A.,  "Depreciation  and  rate  control." 

Delano,  F.  A.    Tbe  application  of  a  depredation  charge  in  rail- 
way accoimting.    Journal  of  Political  Economy,  xvi,  585-601 

(1908). 

A  technical  discussion,  illustrated  with  charts,  opposing  the  Interstate 

commerce  commission's  depreciation  charge  order.    Of  some  interest 

for  all  public  utilities. 

Dreytus,  E.  D.     Appraisement  of  small  electric  properties. 
Electrical  Review  and  Western  Electrician,  kvi,  433-438> 

500-505  (1915)- 

An  excellent  discussion  of  the  method  of  taking  the  inventory;   with 
suggested  forms,  symbols  and  depreciation  charts. 

Duffy,  C.N.   Depredation.   Electric  Railway  Review,  xix,  83- 

84  (1908). 

An  analysis  of  kinds  of  depreciation. 

Edwaeds,  H.  M.    Accounting  for  depreciation.    Proc.,  National 
Electric  Light  Assodation,  191 1:  vol.  ii,  179-186. 
Discussion:  pp.  186-199.    Semi-technical. 

Erickson,  Halford.    As  to  depredation  accounting.    Public 
Service  Regulation,  iii,  305-307  (1914)- 

Depredation.    Proc.,  Central  States  Waterworks  Assod- 
ation, 191 2:  60-89. 

Discussion:    pp.  90-97.    Discusses  all  phases  of  the  question;    with 
tables  of  data  illustrating  different  methods. 

Madison,  Wisconsin,  191 2.   43  pp. 

Reprint. 
Depredation  accounting.    American  Gas  Light  Joumal, 

d,  81-85  (1914). 

A  technical  artide  on  the  accountancy  of  depreciation,  with  tables  and 
illustrative  examples. 


238  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Emckson,  Halford.    Depreciation  and  its  relation  to  the  fair 
value.    Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  3,  112-124  (1916). 
An  excellent  discussion,  with  illustrative  examples  and  tables. 

Depreciation  problems.     Proc,  American  Gas  Institute, 

ix,  1582-1638  (1914). 

Discussion:  pp.  1638-1682.  On  the  financing  and  accounting  of  de- 
preciation, with  elaborate  illustrative  examples  and  tables. 

Methods  of  determining  life  of  public  utilities.    Engineer- 
ing and  Contracting,  xxxviii,  448-450  (191 2). 
Abstract  of  paper  before  Central  states  waterworks  association. 
Treats  chiefly  of  methods  of  estimatmg  life  of  equipment  used  by  the 
Wisconsin  commission. 

Methods  of  providing  for  and  recording  depreciation.    En- 
gineering and  Contracting,  xxxviii,  506-511  (1912). 

A  technical  discussion  of  the  accountancy  of  depreciation  of  the  Wis- 
consin commission;  with  tables. 

A  continuation  of  the  abstract  entitled  "  Methods  of  determining  life 
of  public  utilities." 

Some  facts  relating  to  depreciation  and  rate  making. 

Electrical  Review  and  Western  Electrician,  bdv,  234-238 
(1914). 

Some  problems  of  public  utility  accounting.     Electric 

Railway  Journal,  xliii,  306-307  (1914). 

On  the  need  of  more  explicit  directions  from  public  service  commissions 
concerning  the  accountancy  of  depreciation. 

Wisconsin  method  of  depreciation  accounting.    Gas  Age, 

xxxiv,  113-117  (1914). 

Fernie,  F.    The  depredation  of  underground  cables.    Electrical 
Review  (London),  k,  577-579  (1907). 
A  highly  technical  study,  with  illustrative  examples;  theoretical. 

The  obsolescence  of  electric  lighting  plant.    Electrical  Re- 
view (London),  bdii,  516-517  (1908). 
Technical  discussion,  with  charts. 

Fitting,  R.  U.    Depreciation.    Electric  Railway  Journal,  xliv, 
558-562  (1914). 

An  analysis  of  the  kinds  of  depreciation  and  a  study  of  the  methods  of 
computation;  technical,  with  formulae  and  illustrative  examples. 


VALUATION 


239 


Floy,  Henry.    Depreciation.     {In  Valuation  of  public  utility 
properties.    New  York,  191 2.)    168-217. 
A  detailed  study,  with  tables  and  charts;  technical. 

{In  Value  for  rate  making.    New  York,  191 6.)   235- 

310. 

An  excellent,  thorough  analysis  and  discussion  of  the  different  theories 
and  methods,  with  many  quotations  from  court  and  commission  de- 
cisions.   Includes  many  tables  and  charts;  semi-technical. 

Depreciation  as  related  to  electrical  properties.    Trans., 

American  Institute  of  Electrical  Engineers,  xxx,  1 267-1309 
(1911). 

An  excellent  study  of  depreciation  theories  and  methods,  in  valuations 
and  rate  making.  Includes  extended  definition  of  terms,  analysis  of 
elements,  and  a  table  of  "  approved  rates  used  in  estimating  theo- 
retical depreciation  "  for  various  classes  of  equipment,  giving  name 
of  authority  for  each  (pp.  1 287-1 291). 

For  a  criticism,  see  H.  G.  D.  Nutting,  "  Depreciation." 


Electric  Railway  Journal,  xxxviii,  21-24  (191 1). 

Abstract. 

Ford,  F.  R.    The  treatment  of  depredation.    Electric  Railway 

Journal,  xxxv,  284-287  (1910). 

Abstract  of  his  "  The  theory  of  street  railway  rate  regulation  as  de- 
veloped in  the  Coney  Island  fare  case." 

Public  Service,  viii,  77-80  (1910). 

Abstract. 

Treatment  of  depreciation  of  street  railway  properties. 

Engineering-Contracting,  xxxiii,  560-562  (1910). 
Abstract. 

FoRSE,  W.  H.,  Jr.    Sinking  funds.    Proc,  American  Electric 
Railway  Accountants' Association,  1913:  274-278. 
Discussion:  pp.  279-294.    Of  accounting  interest  only. 

Aera,  ii,  409-413  (1913)- 

Reprint. 

Foster,  H.  A.    Depreciation.     {In  Engineering  valuation  of 

public  utilities  and  factories.    New  York,  191 2.)    147-218. 

An  excellent,  thorough  discussion,  including  quotations  from  articles 
and  decisions,  formulae  and  many  tables. 


m 

! 

i 


t 


240         BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Foster,  H.  A.  Handling  of  depredation  funds.  (In  Engineer- 
ing valuation  of  public  utilities  and  factories.  New  York, 
1912.)    226-234. 

On  the  accountancy  of  depreciation.  Consists  largely  of  quotations 
from  articles  and  decisions. 

FowLE,  F.  F.  A  practical  discussion  of  depreciation.  Southern 
Electrician,  xlii,  227-229  (191 1). 

Geijsbeek,  J.  B.    Fair  return  to  public  utilities.    Journal  of 

Accountancy,  xvii,  245-263  (1914). 

A  detailed  analysis,  attempting  to  prove  the  50  per  cent  value  theoiy; 
with  charts  and  illustrative  examples.  For  a  criticism,  see  H.  J. 
Davies,  "  Fair  interest  on  investment  in  public  utilities." 

Gillette,  H.  P.    A  rational  method  of  calculating  depreciated 

value.    Engineering  and  Contracting,  xliv,  24-27  (1915). 

Discusses  the  defects  in  two  common  depreciation  formulae,  and  de- 
duces a  new  formula.    Technical. 

The  use  of  depreciation  data  in  rate  making  and  appraisal 

problems.    Electrical  World,  Ix,  927-931  (191 2). 

A  good  semi-technical  study  of  depreciation  theories  and  accountancy; 
with  formulae. 

Engineering  and  Contractmg,  xxxviii,  476-480  (1912)' 


The  same. 

The  valuation  of  waterworks  properties.    11.  Estimating 

accrued  depreciation:  inspection  and  tests  €;5.  life  formulas. 

Engineering  and  Contracting,  xliii,  486-488  (191 5). 

A  discussion  of  average  life  and  depreciation  formulae;  technical. 

Grant,  H.  D.    Depreciation  and  reserve  accoimts.    Journal  of 
Accountancy,  ix,  352-357  (1910). 
Of  accounting  interest  only. 

Gray,  H.  L.    The  necessity  of  depreciation  reserves.    Railway 
Age  Gazette,  xlviii,  1 297-1 298  (1910). 
Elementary. 

Gruhl,  Edwin.     Depreciation  estimates.     Aera,  i,  644-653 

(1913)- 

A  good  article  on  the  necessity  of  actual  data  as  to  variation  of  life; 
with  charts  of  the  depreciation  of  various  kinds  of  equipment. 


VALUATION 


241 


Grunsky,  C.  E.   The  appraisal  of  public  service  properties  as  a 
basis  for  the  regulation  of  rates.    Trans.,  American  Society 

of  Civil  Engineers,  Ixxv,  770-843  (191 2). 

Discussion :  pp.  844-876.  A  long  tedinical  paper,  including  formulae, 
tables  and  charts.  The  writer  attempts  to  prove  that  depreciation 
should  not  be  deducted  in  valuations  and  that  it  should  be  included 
in  rates. 

Depreciation  as  an  element  for  consideration  in  the  ap- 


praisal of  public  service  properties.    Trans.,  American  So- 
ciety of  Civil  Engineers,  Ixxix,  727-779  (1915). 
A  thorough  discussion  of  various  theories  and  methods,  with  charts  and 

illustrative  examples.    The  writer  opposes  depreciation  deduction  in 

valuations  for  rate  making. 

Hammond,  Robert.    Depreciation.    Journal  of  the  Institution 
of  Electrical  Engineers,  xxxix,  270-280  (1907). 
Discussion:  pp.  280-301.  Considers  theory  and  methods;  semi-technical. 

H[aney,  L.  H.    Depreciation  and  valuation  for  rate  making. 

Journal  of  Accountancy,  xix,  344-355  (19 15). 
A  discussion  of  fundamental  principles  and  popular  misconceptions  in 
the  question  of  depreciation  deduction. 

Harshman,  C.  C.    Obsolescence  in  appraisals  for  rate  making. 
Engineering  News,  Ixxvi,  842-843  (1916). 

Haselmann.    Depreciation  as  applicable  to  electric  railwa)rs, 
Street  Railway  Journal,  xxviii,  1003-1006  (1906). 
On  the  methods  of  depreciation  accounting  in  Europe,  with  tables. 

Hayes,  H.  V.    Depreciation.    (In  Public  utilities:    their  fair 
present  value  and  return.    New  York,  191 5.)    159-204. 
A  good,  non-technical  discussion  of  the  various  theories  and  methods, 
with  illustrative  examples  and  tables. 

Public  utilities:    their  cost  new  and  depreciation.    New 

York,  1913.    262  pp. 
Ch.  iz.  Reserves  for  depreciation. 
X.  Life  of  plant, 
xi.  Depreciation. 
A  good,  non-technical  discussion  of  the  various  theories  and  methods, 
with  illustrative  examples  and  tables. 

Hdcson,  L.  T.   More  about  sinking  fimds:  not  a  deduction  from 
income.   Aera,  ii,  723-725  (1914). 
Discussion  of  W.  H.  Forse,  "Sinking  funds." 


t? 


242  BIBUOGRAPEY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Holmes,  F.  L.    Depreciation.    {In  Regulation  of  railroads  and 
public  utilities  in  Wisconsin.    New  York,  1915.)    79-95. 
A  good,  elementary  discussion  of  the  various  theories  and  methods, 

with  reference  to  the  practice  of  the  Wisconsin  commission.   Includes 

tables;  non-technical. 

How,  Jared.   Depreciation  as  an  element  in  rate  making.  Jour- 
nal of  Electricity,  Power  and  Gas,  xxxvi,  184-185  (1916). 
Opposes  the  deduction  of  theoretical  depreciation. 

Humphreys,  A.  C.    Depreciation.    Proc.,  American  Gas  Insti- 
tute, ii,  307-353  (1907). 

Discussion:  pp.  356-370.  Supplementary  to  his  paper  before  New 
England  association  of  gas  engineers  entitled  "  The  present  and  grow- 
ing need  for  the  general  adoption  of  a  uniform  system  of  records  and 
accounts." 

Notes  on  the  accountancy  of  depreciation,  with  conmients  and  criticism 
of  certain  expert  testimony  and  writings. 

Progressive  Age,  xxv,  688-696  (1907). 

Abstract. 

Depreciation:    estimated  and  actual.     Proc,  American 

Gas  Institute,  viii,  part  II,  505-530  (1913). 
Reprinted  from  Trans.,  Institution  of  Gas  Engineers. 
A  long  and  very  general  discussion. 

Engineering  and  Contracting,  xl,  394-399  (1913). 

Abstract. 

Journal  of  Gas  Lighting  and  Water  Supply,  cxxii, 

991-997  (1913). 
Abstract. 

Public  Service,  xv,  127-128, 163-164, 16^170  (1913). 


VALUATION 


243 


Abstract. 
Public  Service  Regulation,  ii,  430-436(1913). 

Abstract. 

In  rate  fixing  by  commission,  should  "  depreciation  "  be 

deducted  from  plant  valuation.    Proc.,  American  Gas  In- 
stitute, ix,  1557-1582  (1914). 

Discussion:  pp.  1638-1682.  A  general  discussion,  including  conunents 
on  some  of  the  literature  of  the  subject  and  on  decisions;  with  illus- 
trative examples. 

Hurd,  E.  C.    Should  depreciation  apply  ?   Public  Service  Regu- 
lation, ii,  401-402  (1913). 


Jackson,  W.  B.    Depreciation  and  reserve  funds  of  electrical 
properties.    Journal  of  the  Western  Society  of  Engineers,  xv, 

587-596  (1910). 

Discussion:  pp.  596-619.    Semi-technical. 

Depredation  of  electrical  properties.    Public  Service,  viii, 

167-171  (1910). 
Abstract. 

The  depreciation  problem.  Annals  of  the  American  Acad- 
emy of  Political  and  Social  Science,  xxxvii,  31-42  (1911)- 
Non-technical  discussion  of  electric  railway  depreciation  and  its  ac- 
countancy. 

A  discussion  of  the  depreciation  problem  with  particular 


reference    to  electric    railways.      Engineering-Contracting, 
XXXV,  176-178  (1911). 
James,  C.  C.   Depreciation  and  value  of  public  utilities.  Journal 
of  Accountancy,  xxii,  409-416  (1916). 
On  the  accountancy  of  depreciation. 

Jenkins,  J.  B.     Some  of  the  absurdities  of  the  straight  line 
method  of  determining  depreciation.    Railway  Age  Gazette, 

Ix,  357-358  (1916). 
Technical,  with  illustrative  tables. 

Johnson,  George.   Depreciation.    Electrical  Review  (London), 

Ixvi,  1048-1050  (1910). 

On  the  accountancy  of  depreciation;  technical. 

Kealy,  p.  J.    A  discussion  of  depreciation.    Engineering  and 

Contracting,  xliv,  118-123  (1915)- 

Discusses  various  theories.    Technical,  with  many  illustrative  charts 
and  tables. 

Klotz,  R.  G.   Pick  rational  plant  units  for  depreciation  accoimt- 
ing.    Engineering  News,  Ixxv,  23-24  (1916). 

Lawton,  W.  H.    Depreciation  accounts.    Electrical  World,  Ixv, 

1678-1679  (1915). 

Depreciation,  intangible  values  and  rates.     Journal  of 

Accountancy,  xvii,  325-354  (1914). 

An  excellent  article  including  an  analysis  of  the  commissions'  depred- 
ation requirements. 


244         BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Lawton,  W.  H.    Sinking  funds  in  rate  valuations.    Journal  of 
Accountancy,  xix,  191-197  (1915). 
Somewhat  elementary. 

I  ~~"  ^^s  Age,  XXXV,  493-494  (1915). 
Kepnnt. 

Leake,  P.  D.  Depreciation:  a  plea  for  the  study  and  use  of 
better  methods.  Mechanical  Engineering,  xx,  117-121,  147- 
149,179-182(1907).  ' 

^tables^'"'"'"'^'''''^  ""^  depreciation.    Discusses  various  methods;  with 

Mack,E.S.    Depreciation.    Pubhc  Service,  vii,  42-45  (1909). 

MacRae,  T.  B.   More  about  sinking  funds :  not  a  charge  against 
profits.    Aera,  ii,  719-723  (1914). 
Discussion  of  W.  H.  Forse,  "  Sinking  funds." 

Marks,  W.D.    Depreciation.    (/«  Practical  rate  making  and 
appraisement.    South  Hadley,  1 914  ?)    163-177. 

May,  G.  O.    The  problem  of  depreciation.    Journal  of  Account- 
ancy, XIX,  1-13  (1915). 
An  analysis  of  the  kinds  and  causes  of  depreciation. 

Metcalt,  Leonaio).     Depreciation  in  waterworks  operation. 
Fubhc  Service,  x,  82-84,  119-121  (1911). 
On  the  importance  of  fixing  rates  high  enough  to  include  depreciation. 

-  Depreciation:    in  waterworks  operation  and  accounting. 
Journal  of  the  New  England  Waterworks  Association,  xxiv 
442-462  (1910).  ' 

Discussion:  pp.  463-472. 

Nash,  L.  R.  Depreciation  reserves  as  affected  by  property 
growth.   American  Economic  Review,  vi,  69-89  (1916). 

Technical;  with  formulae,  charts  and  tables. 

Re"ri^  ^^^^^  ^^^  Webster  Journal,  xviii,  286-306  (1916). 

Neal,  J.  H.  Where  maintenance  ends  and  depreciation  begins. 
Proc.,  American  Street  and  Interurban  Railway  Accountants' 
Association,  1907:  195-200. 

Discussion:  pp.  200-202.    Chiefly  of  accounting  interest;  with  tables. 


VALUATION 


24s 


Neale,  R.  E.    Depreciation  in  engineering  works.    Mechanical 

World,  liii,  67-69,  90-91,  114-115  (1913). 
A  highly  technical  study  of  elements  and  theories  of  depreciation,  with 
tables,  fonnulae  and  charts. 

Neely,  F.  H.    Depreciation  of  power  plant  equipment.    Power 

and  the  Engineer,  xxx,  1028-1029  (1909). 

Nutting,  H.  G.  D.    Depreciation.    Electrical  World,  Iviii,  323- 

324  (1911). 

A  criticism  of  Henry  Floy's  "Depreciation  as  related  to  electrical  prop- 


erties. 
Pfelffer,  a.  J.  J.   Tramway  depreciation.    Tramway  and  Rail- 
way World,  xxviii,  93-96  (1910). 
A  technical  study  of  depreciation  accountancy,  with  tables  and  charts; 

English. 

PoMEROY,  L.  R.    Depreciation  or  valuation  of  properties.    Rail- 
way Age  Gazette,  Iv,  274-275  (1913). 
Technical,  with  charts  and  calculations. 

Prosser,  R.  W.    Depreciation  in  gas  plants.    American  Gas 

Light  Journal,  Ixxvi,  767-768  (1902). 

The  accountancy  of  depreciation;  technical,  with  formulae  and  tables. 

Randolph,  L.  S.   The  ethics  of  allowance  for  depredation.   En- 
gineering Magazine,  xxxix,  692-696  (1910). 
A  discussion  of  the  various  methods  of  allowing  for  depreciation  in 
rates,  and  their  results. 

RiFENBERiCK,  R.  B.  Some  illogical  theories  discussed:  the 
wrong  use  of  the  element  of  depreciation  in  valuations  to 
control  rates.    Aera,  i,  1038-1045  (1913). 

RoBB,  Russell.    A  problem  in  the  making  of  rates.    Stone  and 

Webster  Public  Service  Journal,  xvi,  245-250  (191 5). 
On  the  inadvisability  of  reducing  rates  where  a  depreciation  fund  has 
not  been  acamiulated  in  the  past;  with  illustrative  examples. 

RoYSE,  Daniel.  Depreciation  in  electric  railway  accounting. 
Street  Railway  Journal,  xxxi,  687-691  (1908). 

Saliers,  E.  a.  Caring  for  depreciation.  Journal  of  Accoimt- 
ancy,  xiii,  241-250  (191 2). 

Technical,  with  formulae. 

Depreciation  in  theory  and  practice.   Chicago,  1916.   27  pp. 

Largely  limited  to  accounting  treatment. 


246         BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Saliers,  E.  a.    Depreciation  in  valuations.     Journal  of  Ac- 
countancy, XV,  106-116  (1913). 

On  depreciation  in  relation  to  the  various  valuation  theories;  with  some 
citations  of  decisions. 

Principles  of  depreciation.    New  York,  1915.    200  pp. 

An  elementary  textbook,  of  little  interest  except  for  accountants. 

Sealy,  Robert.     The  accounting  treatment  of  depreciation. 
Proc.,  American  Electric  Railway  Accountants'  Association, 
1914:  145-162. 
Discussion:   163-17 1.    Technical;  includes  many  citations. 

Shaad,  G.  C.    Determination  of  depreciation.    Public  Service, 
XV,  17-18  (1913)- 
A  brief,  elementary  review  of  depreciation  theories. 

Smith,  C.  A.    Depreciation  and  sinking  fund.    Electric  Railway 
Journal,  xl,  122-123  (1912). 
Abstract. 

Canadian  Engineer,  xxiii,  299-300  (1912). 

Abstract. 

Stearns,  F.  P.    Depreciation  defined.    Utilities  Magazine,  i, 
no.  3,  loo-ioi  (1916). 

Teichmann,  Max.    Depreciation.    Journal  of  Accountancy,  iii, 
101-105  (1906). 

Thomas,  J.  J.     Depreciation  and  valuation.    Journal  of  Ac- 
countancy, xxi,  24-33  (1916). 

A  short  analysis,  from  the  accountant's  standpomt,  of  valuation  theories 
and  the  depreciation  problem. 

Wallis,  R.  N.    Accounting  of  depreciation  by  electric  railways. 
Journal  of  Accountancy,  iv,  10-15  (iQO?)- 

Depreciation  as  applicable  to  electric  railways.     Proc., 

American  Street  and  Interurban  Railway  Accountants*  Asso- 
ciation, 1906:  168-173. 

Discussion:  pp.  173-218. 

Western,  R.  W.     Calculating  depreciation.     Tramway  and 
Railway  World,  xxiii,  456  (1908). 
Technical,  with  formulae. 


VALUATION 


247 


Whitney,  L.  N.    "  Present  value  "  misleading.    Public  Service 
Regulation,  iii,  346-348  (1914). 

The  writer  believes  that  the  term  "  present  value  "  is  undesirable;  dis- 
cusses depreciation  reserves. 

Whttten,  R.  H.    Depreciation  and  public  service  regulation. 
Engineering  News,  Ixix,  942-947  (i9i3)« 

An  elaboration  of  suggestions  made  in  his  "  Valuation  of  public  service 
corporations."  An  excellent  comparison  of  four  depreciation  theories, 
the  uniform  mvestment  method  being  advocated.  Includes  tables 
and  a  chart. 

Valuation  of  public  service  corporations:   legal  and  eco- 


nomic phases  of  valuation  for  rate  making  and  public  pur- 
chase.   New  York,  191 2-1914.    2  vols. 

Ch.  xvii.  Physical  depreciation. 

xviii.  Cost  new  v.  cost  less  depreciation, 
xix.   Functional  depreciation. 
XX.  Annual  depreciation  allowance. 
Very  excellent  economic  discussion  of  the  various  depreciation  theories, 
with  very  full  quotations  from  court  and  commission  cases. 

WiLMOT,  H.  W.    Depreciation.    Journal  of  Accountancy,  ix, 
104-113  (1909)- 

Wyer,  S.  S.    Depreciation.    {In  Regulation,  valuation  and  de- 
predation of  public  utilities.    Colimibus,  1913.)    101-128. 

Composed  largely  of  classified  quotations  from  books,  articles  and  cases. 
A  thorough  treatment  of  the  subject  in  its  legal,  economic  and  ac- 
counting aspects.  Largely  technical,  with  formulae,  tables,  charts 
and  photographs. 

Yeaman,  C.  H.    Depreciation  and  reserves  for  antiquation  and 
obsolescence  from  an  engineering  standpoint.     Electrical 

Engineer,  xl,  46-50  (1907)  • 

A  detailed  technical  discussion  of  depreciation  accounting. 

Yellott,  O.  I.    Notes  on  depreciation.    Baltimore  ?    1915  ? 

127  pp. 

In  re  Chesapeake  and  Potomac  telephone  company  of  Baltimore  city 
rate  investigation  —  Public  service  conmaission  of  Maryland,  case  690, 
March  8, 1916. 

Unusually  clear  discussion  of  the  fundamental  principles  of  depreciation, 
with  illustrative  examples. 


248 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


Young,  A.  A.  Depreciation  and  rate  control.  Quarterly  Journal 
of  Economics,  xxviii,  630-663  (1914). 

See  also:  Depreciation  and  rate  control: 

A  criticism.  J.  S.  Davis,    xxix,  362-378  (1915). 

A  reply.  A.  A.  Young,    xxix,  378-387. 

A  rejoinder.  J.  S.  Davis,    xxix,  388-395. 

Concluding  comments.  A.  A.  Yoimg.    xxix,  395-400. 
and:  Depreciation  and  rate  control:  a  question  of  justice.    John  Bauer. 

xxix,  651-659. 
Depreciation  and  rate  control:  a  further  discussion.    J.  C.  Bonbright. 

XXX,  546-548  (1916). 

A  very  interesting  but  rather  academic  discussion. 

VALUE  FOR  CONDEMNATION  AND  PURCHASE 

Fox,  A.  M.  Going  value  in  purchase  vs.  rate  cases.  Utilities 
Magazine,  i,  no.  3,  152-154  (1916). 

Hayes,  H.  V.  Fair  present  value:  condemnation  or  sale.  {In 
Public  utilities:  their  cost  new  and  depreciation.  New  York, 
1913.)    235-243. 

Maguire  and  Mooney.     Compensation  for  condemnation  of 

property.     Electrical  Review  and  Western  Electrician,  Ix, 

709-710  (1912). 

An  elementary  discussion  of  when  the  right  of  eminent  domain  may  be 
exercised,  and  of  the  resulting  cost. 

RosECRANTZ,  C.  M.    Other  elements  of  value.    Proc.,  American 

Electric  Railway  Association,  1913:   136-152. 

A  good  analysis  and  historical  account  of  intangibles  in  valuations  for 
different  purposes,  with  many  quotations  from  court  decisions. 

Aera,  ii,  475-49©  (1913)- 

Reprint. 

SiLCOCK,  E.  J.  The  valuation  of  waterworks  undertakings  on 
transfer  to  municipal  authorities.  Surveyor,  Municipal  and 
County  Engineer,  xliii,  921-923  (1913). 

Wagner,  B.  M.  The  acquisition  of  private  water  plants  by 
municipalities.  Journal  of  the  American  Waterworks  Asso- 
ciation, ii,  25-41  (191 5). 

Discussion:    pp.  582-584.    A  good  account  of  methods  of  municipal 
acquisition  and  of  valuation  for  condemnation. 


VALUATION 


249 


Whitten,  R.  H.   Valuation  of  public  service  corporations:  legal 

and  economic  phases  of  valuation  for  rate  making  and  public 

purchase.    New  York,  191 2-1914.    2  vols. 

Ch.  xxi.   Going  concern  in  purchase  cases, 
xxvi.   Franchise  value  in  purchase  cases, 
xxxi.   Rules  for  appraisers  in  Maine  condemnation  cases. 

Excellent  on  valuation  in  condemnation  and  purchase  cases;  with  full 
quotations  from  court  and  commission  decisions. 

Wilcox,  D.  F.     Principles  as  to  franchise  values.     Utilities 

Magazine,  i,  no.  3,  59-67  (1916). 

A  good  elementary  discussion  of  franchise  values  for  taxation,  rate 
making,  condemnation,  sale  and  capitalization. 

COURT  AND  COMMISSION  ATTITUDE 

Baker,  N.  D.  Discussion  of  constitutional  protection  in  valua- 
tion.   Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  3,  215-216  (1916). 

Bauer,  John.  Going  value  in  connection  with  a  physical  ap- 
praisal in  a  rate  case:  the  New  York  rule.    Political  Science 

Quarterly,  xxx,  463-475  (iQ^S)- 

Going  value:  what  it  is,  how  it  is  to  be  calculated,  and  when  it  should 
be  allowed  under  the  rule  in  the  King's  county  lighting  case. 

Beale,  J.  H.,  and  Wyman,  Bruce.    Basis  of  capital  charges. 

{In  Railroad  rate  regulation.    2d  edition.   New  York,  191 5.) 

209-249. 

A  good  legal  discussion  of  the  various  theories  of  valuation;  thoroughly 
annotated. 

Bettman,  Alfred.    Constitutionality  of  historical  cost  method 
of  public  utility  valuation.   Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  3, 46-51 
(1916). 
A  good  analysis,  with  many  citations  of  decisions. 

Bryan,  W.  H.  Going  value  as  an  element  in  the  appraisal  of 
public  utility  properties.  Journal  of  the  Association  of  Engi- 
neering Societies,  xliii,  147-158  (1909)- 

Discussion:  pp.  286-288.  A  very  interesting  discussion  of  intangible 
values  as  considered  by  the  Wisconsin  commission,  and  by  J.  W. 
Alvord  in  his  "  Notes  on  going  value  and  methods  for  its  computa- 
tion." 


2SO         BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTILITIES 

Bryan,  W.  H.     Going  value  as  an  element  in  the  appraisal  of 
public  utility  properties.    Journal  of  Electricity,  Power  and 
Gas,  xxiv,  31-35  (1910). 
Reprint. 

Dreyfus,  E.  D.   Reckoning  with  costs  of  superseded  equipment. 

Electrical  Worid,  Ixviii,  272-274  (1916). 

Includes  charts,  and  statements  of  the  attitude  of  various  commissions. 
Erickson,  Halford.     Methods  of  determining  life  of  public 

utilities.     Engineering  and   Contracting,  xxxviii,  448-450 

(1912). 

Abstract.  Treats  chiefly  of  methods  of  estimating  life  of  equipment 
used  by  the  Wisconsin  commission. 

Methods  of  providing  for  and  recording  depreciation.  En- 
gineering and  Contracting,  xxxviii,  506-511  (1912). 

A  technical  discussion  of  the  accountancy  of  depreciation  of  the  Wis- 
consin commission;  with  tables. 

A  continuation  of  the  abstract  entitled  "  Methods  of  determining  life 
of  public  utilities." 

Floy,  Henry.  Depreciation.  (/»  Value  for  rate  making.  New 
York,  1916.)    235-310. 

Includes  many  quotations  from  court  and  commission  decisions,  and 
certain  important  cases  are  considered  at  length. 

Development  expenses,  intangible  expenses,  non-ph3rsical 

costs,  overhead  expenses.     {In  Valuation  of  public  utility 
properties.    New  York,  191 2.)    91-128. 

Gives  tables  showing  the  classification  used  in  the  inventory  in  the  Gooey 
Island  cases. 

Ford,  F.  R.  The  theory  of  street  railway  rate  regulation  as  de- 
veloped in  the  Coney  Island  fare  case.  Proc.,  American 
Street  and  Interurban  Railway  Association,  1910:  159-168. 
Discussion:  pp.  169-186. 

Electric  Railway  Journal,  xxxvi,  752-755  (1910). 

Abstract. 

FoRSTALL,  A.  E.    A  review  of  recent  decisions  of  public  service 

commissions  which  affect  gas  companies.    Proc.,  American 

Gas  Institute,  v,  460-482  (1910). 

Discussion:  pp.  482-497-  An  outline  of  the  principles  contamed  in 
various  decisions;  brief  but  interesting. 


VALUATION 


251 


FoRSTALL,  A.  E.     A  review  of  recent  decisions  of  public  service 

commissions  which  affect  gas  companies.     American  Gas 

Light  Journal,  xciv,  148-155  (191 1). 
Reprint. 

Foster,  H.  A.    Court  decisions.    {In  Engineering  valuation  of 
public  utilities  and  factories.    New  York,  1912.)    264-329. 
Syllabi  and  quotations  from  several  important  valuation  cases;  ex- 
ceUent  for  the  layman,  and  of  considerable  interest  for  the  engineer. 

Franchise.     {In  Engineering  valuation  of  public  utilities 

and  factories.    New  York,  1912.)    236-251. 

Includes  many  quotations  from  court  and  conmiission  decisions. 

Gillette,  H.  P.  Court  decisions  showing  "  present  value  "  to 
be  the  only  value  for  rate  making  purposes.  Engineering 
and  Contracting,  xliii,  302  (191 5). 

GoETZ,  J.  H.    Court  decisions  on  depreciation.    Utilities  Maga- 
zine, i,  no.  3,  102-112  (1916). 
An  excellent,  fully  annotated  study. 

Gruhl,   Edwin.     Recent   tendencies  in   valuations   for  rate 
making  purposes.     Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of 
Political  and  Social  Science,  liii,  219-237  (1914). 
An  exceUent  review  of  court  and  commission  attitude,  with  many  quo- 
tations from  the  cases.    Summarizes  the  conclusions. 

Harvard  Law  Review  —  Notes.  The  problem  of  going  value. 
Harvard  Law  Review,  xxvii,  744-745  (1914). 

An  excellent,  but  very  brief,  summary  of  court  decisions,  with  many 
citations. 

Valuation  of  property  of  public  service  company  as  basis 

for  determining  rates.    Harvard  Law  Review,  xxv,  379-381 

(1912). 

An  excellent  summary  of  court  decisions  on  various  points,  with  many 
citations. 

Valuation  of  public  service  franchises.  Harvard  Law  Re- 
view, xxviii,  501-505  (1915). 

An  excellent  brief  summary  of  court  decisions,  with  many  citations, 
Heilman,  R.  E.    Development  by  commissions  of  the  principles 
of  public  utility  valuation.    Quarterly  Journal  of  Economics, 
xxviii,  269-291  (1914). 

An  excellent  annotated  study,  with  a  brief  discussion  of  the  attitude  of 
the  various  commissions  on  certain  miportant  valuation  problems. 


Ill ; 


252  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Heilman,  R.  E.  Some  economic  aspects  of  waterworks  valua- 
tion.   Journal  of  the  American  Waterworks  Association,  ii, 

538-543  (1915)- 

On  the  attitude  of  various  commissions  towards  going  value. 

Helm,  A.  E.  Principles  to  be  applied  in  valuation  of  lands  used 
for  the  purpose  of  a  conunon  carrier.  Utilities  Magazine,  i, 
no.  3,  88-91  (1916). 

Opposes  the  allowance  of  unearned  increment ;  includes  brief  summaries 
of  court  decisions. 

JuRGENSEN,  D.  F.  Misapplication  of  interest,  contingencies  and 
engineering  items  for  valuing  railroads  by  cost  of  replace- 
ment method.  Journal  of  the  Association  of  Engineering 
Societies,. li,  95-101  (1913). 

Discussion:  pp.  237-239.    A  reply  to  criticism  of  his  "  Railroad  valua- 
tion: reproduction  cost  new  as  a  safe  basis  for  rates." 
Considers  chiefly  the  Northern  Pacific  valuation. 

Railroad  valuation:   reproduction  cost  new  as  a  sole  basis 

for  rates.    Journal  of  the  Association  of  Engineering  Societies, 
xlix,  204-214  (191 2). 

Discussion:  1,  66-67  (1913)-  Refers  to  railroads  only,  but  is  of  interest 
for  other  utilities  because  of  expressing  the  views  of  the  Minnesota 
railroad  and  warehouse  commission. 

Kerr,  W.  D.  Constitutional  protection  in  valuation.  Utilities 
Magazine,  i,  no.  3,  208-215  (1916). 

Mack,  E.  S.  Standards  for  rate  regulation  by  commission.  ?, 
1908  ?   24  pp. 

A  general  discussion  of  legal  aspects  of  valuation  and  rate  regulation; 
annotated. 

Metcalf,  Leonard.     Waterworks  valuation  and  fair  rates. 

Public  Service,  v,  185-188  (1908). 
Abstract. 

Waterworks  valuation  and  fair  rates  in  the  light  of  the 

Maine  supreme  court  decisions  in  the  Waterville  and  Bruns- 
wick cases.    Trans.,  American  Society  of  Civil  Engineers, 
l»v,  1-74  (1909). 
Technical. 


VALUATION 


253 


O'Brien,  T.  D.    Land  values  under  the  Minnesota  rate  case. 

Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  3,  84-85  (1916). 

A  very  brief  account  of  the  court's  conclusions,  with  quotations  from 
the  decision. 

Prouty,  C.  a.    The  meaning  of  the  constitutional  protection  in 
valuation.    Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  3,  204-208  (1916). 

RosECRANTZ,  C.  M.    Other  elements  of  value.    Proc,  American 

Electric  Railway  Association,  1913:   136-152. 

A  good  analysis  and  historical  account  of  intangibles  in  valuations  for 
different  purposes,  with  many  quotations  from  court  decisions. 

Aera,  ii,  475-490  (1913)- 

Reprint. 

Sharfman,  I.  L.    The  regulation  of  railway  rates.    {In  Railway 

regulation.    Chicago,  191 5.)    87-1 11. 

Discusses  court  attitude  toward  the  various  theories  of  valuation,  with 
citations  of  cases,  pp.  loo-iii. 

Stevens,  F.  W.    Mooted  principles  in  valuation.    Proc.,  Ameri- 
can Electric  Railway  Association,  1914:   23-39. 

On  the  "  distinctions  if  any  between  valuation  of  the  properties  of  public 
utilities  for  purposes  of  rate  making,  imposition  of  service  require- 
ments, municipal  acquisition,  issue  of  capital  securities  and  taxa- 
tion."   Includes  many  citations. 

Aera,  iv,  335-349  (iQM). 


Reprint. 


Electric  Railway  Journal,  xliv,  913-915  (1914)- 


Abstract. 

Thomas,  P.  H.    Rate  making  for  public  utilities:  the  Madison 

case.    Electric  Journal,  vii,  560-574  (1910). 

A  thorough  discussion  of  the  State  Journal  printing  company  case  be- 
fore the  Wisconsin  commission. 

Thorne,  Clifford.    Going  value  as  an  element  of  fair  value. 
Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  3,  138-152  (1916). 
An  excellent  analysis,  including  a  review  of  conmiission  decisions. 

Wherry,  W.  M.,  Jr.    Franchise  values.    Proc,  American  Elec- 
tric Railway  Association,  1913:   124-135. 

A  good  historical  treatment  of  the  difference  between  cost  and  value  of 
franchise;  with  quotations  from  court  decisions. 


254         BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


Whitten,  R.  H.  Valuation  of  public  service  corporations:  legal 
and  economic  phases  of  valuation  for  rate  making  and  public 
purchase.    New  York,  1912-1914.    2  vols. 

A  very  exceUent  treatise;  the  standard  work  on  the  subject.  Each 
chapter  consists  of  economic  and  theoretical  discussion,  together  with 
very  full  quotations  from  all  important  court  and  commission  cases. 

Volume  II  is  supplementary  to  volume  I,  and  contains  the  decisions 
from  191 2  to  the  spring  of  1914.  The  chapter  headings  are  practically 
identical. 

For  list  of  chapters,  see  p.  199. 

Wyer,  S.  S.    Regulation,  valuation,  and  depreciation  of  public 

utilities.    Columbus,  1913.    313  pp. 

Depreciation:  pp.  101-128. 

Valuation:  pp.  159-175. 

Going  value  and  going  concern  value:  pp.  176-183. 

Composed  largely  of  classified  quotations  from  books,  articles  and  cases. 


VI.    RATES 

HISTORY 

United  States  and  Foreign 

Bercovitz,  D.  Continental  systems  of  charging  for  current  by 
contract.    Electrician,  Ixix,  730-732  (1912). 

Abstract.    A  brief  but  interesting  analysis. 

Francisco,  M.  J.  Municipal  ownership  vs,  private  corporations: 
with  legal  and  editorial  opinions,  tables,  and  cost  of  lights  as 
furnished  by  private  companies  and  municipal  plants,  with 
list  of  municipal  plants  that  have  been  sold  or  abandoned. 
Containing  also  a  comparison  of  English  and  American  gas 
and  railway  plants.    Rutland,  1898.    150  pp. 


United  States  —  General 

Adams,  A.  D.     Cost  of  municipal  vs.  private  gas.    Municipal 

Journal  and  Engineer,  xv,  13-14  (1903). 

Includes  an  analytical  table  of  the  average  cost  of  gas  in  the  private  and 
municipal  plants  of  each  state. 

Gas  rates  in  the  United  States.    Municipal  Journal  and 

Engineer,  xiii,  63-65  (1902). 

Meter  rents  and  minimum  rates.    Electrical  World,  Iv, 

525-527  (iQio)- 

A  brief  accoimt  of  the  law  in  various  places  —  statutory,  and  court  and 
conmiission  decisions. 

Bemis,  E.  W.    The  latest  electric  light  reports.    {In  Municipal 
monopolies.    4th  edition.    New  York,  1904.)    183-285. 
Includes  tables  of  rates  charged  in  American  cities. 

Cahoon,  J.  B.    Municipal  electric  lighting  opposed.    Municipal 
Afifairs,  vi,  636-647  (1902). 
Includes  a  table  of  rates  charged  in  American  cities. 

ass 


2S6  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Commons,  J.  R.    Municipal  electric  lighting.    Municipal  Affairs, 
i,  631-673  (1897). 
Includes  tables  of  rates  charged  in  American  cities. 

{In   Bemis,   E.   W.     Municipal   monopolies.     4th 

edition.    New  York,  1904.)    55-180. 
Reprint. 

Cooper,  M.  D.    The  history  and  economics  of  central  station 

rate  making.    Wisconsin  Engineer,  xv,  107-116  (1910). 

History  and  discussion  of  various  forms  of  electric  rates;  includes  many 
citations  of  articles. 

Crowell,  H.  H.    Electric  lighting  rates  and  depreciation.    Mu- 
nicipal Journal  and  Engineer,  xxiii,  698  (1907). 
Gives  a  table  of  electric  rates  in  fifteen  cities. 

DiCKERMAN,  J.  C.  Comparison  of  electric  light  and  power  rates. 
Power,  xlii,  8-15  (1915). 

An  exceUent  comparative  study  of  the  rates  in  many  American  cities, 
with  many  charts  and  tables;  technical. 

Ford,  F.  R.    Passenger  rates  and  fares  in  cities  with  surface 

street  railways  and  elevated  railroads  or  subways.    Proc., 

American  Electric  Railway  Association,  191 2:  277-294. 

Memorandum  with  "Report  of  the  committee  on  determining  the 

proper  basis  for  rates  and  fares." 
A  valuable  study,  by  cities,  with  tables  of  statistics. 

Aera,  i,  400-409  (191 2). 

Abstract. 

Electric  Railway  Journal,  xl,  1108-1112  (191 2). 

Abstract. 

Francisco,  M.  J.  The  business  of  municipalities  and  private 
corporations  compared:  data  that  proves  mimidpal  owner- 
ship waste  exceeds  corporate  profit.    Rutland,  1905  ?  136  pp. 

Many  plants  considered  alphabeticaUy  by  dties;  only  a  sentence  or 
two  about  each. 

Municipalities  w.  private  corporations:  political  and  busi- 
ness management.    Rutland,  1900.     172  pp. 

"  Tables  showing  cost  of  lights  furnished  by  private  companies  and  mu- 
nicipal plants,  a  list  of  municipal  plants  sold  or  abandoned,  experience 
of  municipalities,  legal  and  editorial  opinions." 


RATES 


2S7 


GwiNN,  D.  R.    Water  rates  charged  in  375  cities.    Proc.,  Ameri- 
can Waterworks  Association,  xxviii,  209-222  (1908). 
Discussion:  pp.  223-238.    Tabulated  results  of  a  questionnaire.  Rates 

of  private  plants:  pp.  216-218;  rates  of  municipal  plants:  pp.  219- 

222. 

Hatch,  A.  S.    Cost  of  electric  lighting  in  cities.    Municipal  En- 
gineering, xxxi,  201-203  (1906). 
A  tabulation  of  the  rates  in  many  American  cities,  with  some  discussion. 

Heim,  J.  B.    Meter  rates.    Proc.,  American  Waterworks  Asso- 
ciation, xxiv,  251-267  (1904). 

Discussion:   pp.  277-289.    Includes  an  elaborate  table  of  waterworks 
statistics  and  charges  in  various  American  cities. 

KoiNER,  C.  W.    Municipal  ownership  and  operation  of  electric 
utilities  on  the  Pacific  coast.     Proc.,  American  Society  of 
Municipal  Improvements,  1914:  347~367- 
Includes  tables  of  rates  and  statistics  in  various  cities. 

McGrath,  D.  J.    Long  rides  for  a  nickel.    Electric  Railway 
Journal,  xlviii,  222-225  (1916). 

Maps  of  the  single  fare  zones  in  twenty-five  typical  American  cities, 
with  brief  discussion. 

Metcalf,  Leonard.     Private  fire  protection  service  charges. 
Proc.,  American  Waterworks  Association,  xxxiii,   127-152 

(1913)- 

Discussion :  pp.  1 58-190.  An  account  of  an  investigation  supplementing 
Metcalf,  Kuichling  and  Hawley,  "Some  fundamental  considerations 
in  the  determination  of  a  reasonable  return  for  public  fire  hydrant 
service." 

,  Kuichling,  E.,  and  Hawley,  W.  C.    Some  fimdamental 

considerations  in  the  determination  of  a  reasonable  return 
for  public  fire  hydrant  service.    Proc,  American  Waterworks 
Association,  xxxi,  55-117  (iQi^)- 
Includes  tables  of  rates  charged  in  different  cities. 

Milwaukee  Gas  Light  Company.     Prices  charged  for  gas  in 
various  cities  of  the  United  States  from  1885  to  1907,  inclu- 
sive.   Milwaukee,  1907  ?    28  pp. 
An  excellent  and  very  complete  tabulation. 


I) 


258  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Patton,  W.  a.    At  what  rate  can  water  be  profitably  sold  when 
pumped  against  a  300-foot  head  ?    Proc,  American  Water- 
works Association,  xxiv,  490-496  (1904). 
A  discussion  of  the  rates  in  various  places. 

Rosamond,  S.  J.  What  would  be  a  fair  basis  for  fixing  water 
rates  for  fire  and  domestic  service  ?  Proc,  American  Water- 
works Association,  xxv,  132-138  (1905). 

Discussion:   pp.  139-150.    An  analysis  of  the  rates  of  seventy  cities; 
with  large  comparative  tables  of  statistics. 

U.  S.  Bureau  of  the  Census.    Street  and  electric  railways,  1907. 
Washington,  1910.    575  pp. 
Fares  and  transfers:  pp.  248-252. 

Wagner,  B.  M.    Rates  for  water  supply.    Journal  of  the  New 

England  Waterworks  Association,  xxix,  1-48  (1915). 

A  very  good  general  article,  including  an  account  of  water  rate  history 
and  a  discussion  of  the  various  forms  of  rates;  with  tables. 

Whipple,  F.  H.    The  cost  of  public  Hghting.    (/«  Municipal 
lighting.    Detroit,  1889.)    120-217. 
Alphabetical,  by  cities. 

Whitehorne,  E.  E.  The  value  of  the  poor  man's  business. 
Electrical  World,  kvii,  201-203  (1916). 

Popular  account  of  the  use  of  controlled  flat  rates  in  various  cities; 
illustrated  with  photographs. 

Wyer,  S.  S.  Reasonableness  and  legal  right  of  the  "  minimum 
charge  "  in  public  utility  services.  Columbus,  1916.  113  pp. 
Part  I.   Fundamental  principles. 

II.  Adjudicated    monthly    monetary    allowances    for    minimum 

charges. 
III.   Non-adjudicated  minimum  charges  in  existing  rate  schedules. 
Consists  of  a  brief  discussion,  largely  in  the  form  of  quotations  from 
articles  and  cases,  foUowed  by  tables  of  minimum  charges  in  different 
cities.    An  excellent  compilation. 

Pasadena  California 

KoiNER,  C.  W.    Pasadena's  municipal  light  and  power  plant. 
Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 
Science,  Ivii,  209-227  (191 5). 
Historical  account,  with  tables  of  rates  charged. 


RATES 


Georgia 


259 


Collier,  W.  R.    The  sale  of  current  to  municipally  owned 

distributing  systems  by  central  stations.    Electrical  Review 

and  Western  Electrician,  Ixvii,  890-893  (191 5). 

Embodies  the  results  of  a  study  in  Georgia,  illustrated  with  tables  and 
charts. 

Idaho 

Walker,  H.  B.    Government  furnishes  cheap  electricity.  Power, 

xli,  228-229  (1915). 

Electricity  sold  to  small  towns  in  southern  Idaho  by  a  government  hy- 
droelectric plant,  which  forms  part  of  the  Minidoka  irrigation  project. 
Gives  tables  of  rates  charged. 

Illinois 
Chicago 
Bemis,  E.  W.    Report  upon  the  price  of  gas  in  Chicago  for  the 

Chicago  council  committee  on  gas,  oil  and  electric  light. 

Chicago,  1911.    31  pp. 

Includes  many  tables  of  statistics. 

Marston,  Glenn.  Gas  rates  and  politics  in  Chicago.  Public 
Service,  x,  72-74  (1911). 

Mead,  D.  W.  The  cost  of  furnishing  water  with  reference  to 
rates  and  rate  making.  Proc,  American  Waterworks  Asso- 
ciation, XXX,  92-96  (1910). 

Discussion:  pp.  96-109.  A  brief  comparison  and  discussion  of  the 
water  rates  of  private  and  municipal  supply  in  Chicago,  1901-1902; 
includes  tables  of  statistics. 

Palmer,  Ray.  Mimicipal  lighting  rates.  Annals  of  the  American 
Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  Ivii,  33-44  (1915). 

Discussion  of  how  to  compare  electric  lighting  rates  of  different  cities; 
includes  tables  of  electric  rates  in  Chicago,  with  some  discussion. 

Street  lighting  rates  and  cost  factors.    American  City,  xi, 


462-466  (1914). 

Abstract  of  his  "  Municipal  lighting  rates." 


26o  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Iowa 
Iowa  City 

DuNLAP,  J.  H.   The  water  meter  rates  of  Iowa  City.   Water  and 
Gas  Review,  xxvi,  20-23  (1916). 

The  results  of  an  investigation  for  the  city  council  of  a  proposed  rate 
schedule;  with  tables. 

Louisiana 
New  Orleans 

Earl,  G.  G.    Water  rates.    Proc.,  American  Waterworks  Asso- 
ciation, xxxi,  173-189  (1911). 
Discussion:  pp.  189-216.   Includes  an  analysis  of  rates  for  New  Orleans. 


RATES 


261 


Maryland 

Baltimore 

Burnett,  Douglass.    Differential  gas  rates  in  Baltimore. 
Age,  xxxvii,  137-140  (1916). 
Semi-technical;  with  a  number  of  charts. 


Gas 


Massachusetts 

Adams,  A.  D.  Cost  of  light  in  municipal  and  priyate  gas  and 
electric  plants.  Municipal  Engineering,  xxiii,  160-164  (1902). 
A  statistical  comparison  of  the  cost  in  Massachusetts. 

Regulation  of  electric  rates  in  Massachusetts.    Electrical 

World  and  Engineer,  xlvi,  391-392,  442-443,  484-486  (1905). 

Gives  the  facts  and  rulings  in  various  cases  before  the  commission,  with- 
out discussion. 

Regulation  of  gas  and  electric  rates  in  Massachusetts. 

Electrical  World  and  Engineer,  xlvi,  310-311, 348-349  (1905). 

Gives  the  facts  and  rulings  in  various  gas  rate  cases  before  the  commis- 
sion,  without  discussion. 

Marks,  W.  D.    The  cost  of  electricity.    Electrical  World,  Ivi, 
265-269  (1910). 
Supplementary  to  his  "  The  price  of  electricity." 

The  price  of  electricity.     Electrical  World,  liv,  555-559 

(1909). 

Includes  tables  and  charts  for  Massachusetts. 


Boston 

Richards,  J.  L.    The  Boston  consolidated  gas  company:    its 

relation  to  the  public,  its  employees,  and  investors.    Annals 

of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science, 

xxxi,  59-65  (1908). 

A  brief  historical  account;  including  a  table  of  the  prices  paid  for  gas  in 
Boston  from  1828  to  1907. 

Holyoke 

TiGHE,  J.  L.     Water  consumption,  waste   and   meter  rates. 

Proc.,  American  Waterworks  Association,  xxviii,  69-84  (1907). 

Discussion:  pp.  85-103.  On  the  experience  of  Holyoke;  with  tables 
and  charts. 

Spencer 

Plattner,  William.    Spencer's  modern  street  lighting  contract. 
Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  5,  28-29  (iQi^)- 

Worcester 

Marks,  W.  D.    The  law  of  demand  for  electricity:  reduction  of 
price  increases  profits.     {In  Practical  rate  making  and  ap- 
praisement.   South  Hadley,  1914  ?)    200-214. 
Chiefly  an  analysis  of  electric  rates  in  Worcester. 

Michigan 

Detroit 

FuLLERTON,  Irwin.     Do  low  fares  increase  riding  ?    Electric 

Railway  Journal,  xliii,  770  (19 14). 

An  account  of  a  fare  reduction  experiment  made  by  the  Detroit  imited 
railway  company. 

Moore,  Charles.   Electric  lighting  in  the  city  of  Detroit.  Publi- 
cations, American  Economic  Association,  ii,  539-550  (1888). 

In  The  relation  of  modem  municipalities  to  quasi-public  works. 
Historical;  includes  a  table  of  the  charges  for  street  lighting  in  vari- 
ous cities. 

(kand  Rapids 

Foote,  Mark.    Is  a  five  cent  street  car  fare  equitable  ?    Public 

Service,  ix,  139-141  (1910)- 

Experience  in  Grand  Rapids. 


ili; 


262 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTILITIES 


RATES 


263 


Minnesota 

Gesell,  G.  a.  Minnesota  public  utility  rates:  gas,  electric, 
water.    Minneapolis,  19 14.    254  pp. 

University  of  Minnesota,  Current  problems,  no.  3. 
By  cities,  for  each  service. 

Minneapolis 

Deacon,  W.  G.  Electric  rates  for  Minneapolis.  Public  Service, 
V,  107-110  (1908). 

History  of  the  controversy. 

Jones,  S.  P.     Lower  gas  and  electric  rates  in  Minneapolis. 
Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  5,  29-30  (1916). 
A  very  brief  account  of  a  current  reduction  in  rates. 

Marks,  W.  D.  Recapitulation  of  report  upon  the  fair  and  reason- 
able price  of  a  6.6  ampere  magnetite  arc  light  per  year.  {In 
Practical  rate  making  and  appraisement.  South  Hadley, 
1914  ?)    60-113. 

A  detailed  study  of  street  lighting  rates  in  Minneapolis,  with  tables  of 
statistics. 

St,  Paul 

Feurtado,  R.  S.  The  fair  price  of  gas  at  St.  Paul.  Public  Ser- 
vice, iii,  173-179  (1907)- 

c.,    r  MlSSOUM 

St.  Louts 

Eisenmenger,  H.  E.    Graphical  analysis  of  the  St.  Louis  resi- 
dence rates.    Electrical  World,  lix,  644-645  (191 2). 
A  brief  graphical  analysis  with  charts;  highly  technical  and  theoretical. 

Spohrer,  H.  H.   Electric  rates.   Electrical  Review  and  Western 

Electrician,  Ix,  747-748  (191 2). 

On  a  new  schedule  of  electric  rates  adopted  by  the  Union  electric  light 
and  power  company  of  St.  Louis,  with  some  discussion;  technical. 

„,    .  New  York 

Elmtra 

DiVEN,  J.  M.     Special  fire  protection  rates  and  regulations, 

Elmira,  N.  Y.     Proc.,  American  Waterworks  Association, 

xxvii,  460-462  (1907). 

Includes  the  schedule  of  rates. 


New  York 

Marks,  W.  D.    Quantity  rates  for  electricity.    (In  Practical 
rate  making  and  appraisement.    South  Hadley,  1914  ?)    ii4"" 

143- 

Discusses  chiefly  electric  rates  in  New  York  City.    A  detailed  study, 
with  many  tables  and  charts. 

Cleveland 

Brashears,  W.  F.   Passing  of  three  cent  fares.    Public  Service, 
xvii,  101-103  (1914). 

Three  cent  car  fares  on  trial.    Public  Service,  xiv,  201-204 

(1913)- 

An  analysis  of  the  results  with  tables  of  statistics. 

Clough,  E.  B.    The  truth  about  Cleveland  traction.    Public 
Service,  ii,  133-135  (1907)- 

History  under  Mayor  Johnson. 

DooLiTTLE,  F.  W.    The  Cleveland  experiment.    (In  Studies  in 
the  cost  of  urban  transportation  service.    New  York,  1916.) 

355-438. 

An  excellent  study  of  the  history  of  Cleveland  traction  franchises  and 
fare  experiments. 

Toledo 

Deacon,  W.  G.    A  three  cent  car  fare  test.    Public  Service,  xvi, 

141-142,  157-160  (1914)- 

H.  L.  Doherty  offers  to  allow  Toledo  to  operate  the  street  railways  for 
one  year. 

-,  Oregon 

Eugene 

Meyers,  Alvin.   Eugene,  Ore.,  municipal  light  and  water  plant. 
Mimicipal  Engineering,  xliv,  427-428  (1913). 
Includes  the  schedule  of  electric  rates. 

„, .,  .  ...  Pennsylvania 

Pktladelphta 

DiCKERMAN,  J.  C.   Lower  electric  rates  in  Philadelphia.   Ameri- 
can City,  xiv,  341-342  (1916). 
A  popular  account  of  litigation  before  the  commission. 


'i' 


■  I 
r;t' 


264 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


RATES 


26s 


U 


Texas 

Paxton,  E.  T.    Public  service  rates  in  Texas  cities.    Austin, 

1915.    141  pp. 

Bulletin  of  the  University  of  Texas:  Municipal  research  series,  no.  10. 
Tables  of  rates  charged  for:   water,  sewerage,  electric  light  and  power, 
telephone  and  traction.    Arranged  by  cities,  under  each  service. 

Houston 

Sheldon,  P.  H.    Controversy  over  electric  rates  in  Houston, 

Texas.    Municipal  Engineering,  xlvii,  275-278  (i9i4)* 

Includes  tables. 

5/.  Albans  ^^^°^^ 

Renner,  C.  J.   The  experience  of  a  small  city  with  water  meters 

and  water  rates.    American  City,  xi,  474-478  (1915). 

Illustrated  with  tables  and  charts. 

«    ^„  Washington 

Seattle 

Ross,  J.  D.    Seattle,  Wash.,  municipal  light  and  power  plant. 

Municipal  Engineering,  xliv,  556-560  (1913). 

Includes  the  schedule  of  rates. 

Spokane 

Marks,  W.  D.    Recapitulation  of  report  on  gas  rates  and  prices 
for  the  city  of  Spokane.    {In  Practical  rate  making  and  ap- 
praisement.   South  Hadley,  1914  ?)    11-59. 
A  detailed  study,  with  tables  of  statistics. 

Wisconsin 

Cravath,  J.  R.    Demand  and  diversity  factors  and  their  influ- 
ence on  rates.    Electrical  World,  Ivi,  567-570  (1910). 

A  good  discussion,  with  tables  compiled  by  the  Wisconsin  commission; 
semi-technical. 

Holmes,  F.  L.    Regulation  of  railroads  and  public  utilities  in 

Wisconsin.    New  York,  191 5.    375  pp. 

Ch.  X.  Making  of  utility  rates. 

xii.  Electric,  gas  and  heating  utilities, 
xiv.  Water  utiUties. 

A  good  account  of  the  practice  of  the  Wisconsin  commission,  with  many 
quotations  from  decisions. 


Mathews,  G.  C.    Wisconsin  water  rates.    Public  Service  Regu- 
lation, i,  33-35  (191 2). 

Discussion  of  the  methods  and  procedure  used. 

Miller,  W.  E.    Ashland  water  rate  decision  explained.    Engi- 
neering Record,  bod,  805-807  (191 5). 

On  decisions  of  the  Wisconsin  commission  refusing  to  accept  4  per  cent 
as  an  adequate  return,  and  revising  rates. 

Stearns,  R.  B.    The  Milwaukee  fare  case.    Proc,  American 
Electric  Railway  Association,  191 2:  234-244. 
Discussion  of  a  decision  of  the  Wisconsin  commission. 

Watkins,  G.  p.   Electrical  rates  in  the  opinions  of  the  Wisconsin 
commission.    Quarterly  Journal  of  Economics,  xxvii,  373-378 

(1913)- 

Madison 

Heim,  J.  B.    Meter  rates.    Proc,  American  Waterworks  Associ- 
ation, xxiv,  251-267  (1904). 

Discussion:  pp.  277-289.  An  account  of  a  rate  controversy  in  Madison; 
includes  an  elaborate  table  of  waterworks  statistics  and  charges  in 
various  American  cities. 

Milwaukee 

Doolittle,  F.  W.    The  Milwaukee  experiment.    {In  Studies  in 
the  cost  of  urban  transportation  service.    New  York,  1916.) 

439-467. 

An  excellent  study  of  traction  franchise  and  fare  history  in  Milwaukee. 

Miller,  W.  E.    Charges  for  public  water  service  to  private  fire 
protection  systems.     Proc,  American  Waterworks  Associ- 
ation, xxxiii,  1 15-125  (1913). 
A  discussion  of  the  charges  in  Milwaukee. 

Stearns,  R.  B.   2k>ne  system  of  fares  in  practice.   Electric  Rail- 
way Journal,  xlv,  836-838  (191 5). 

A  good  analysis  of  the  results  of  six  months'  operation  in  Milwaukee, 
illustrated  with  two  charts. 

Platteville 

Butterworth,  W.  C.   The  cost  and  price  of  gas  in  a  small  city. 
American  Gas  Light  Journal,  cii,  180-183  (191 5). 

An  elaborate  tabular  comparison  of  the  cost  and  rates  for  gas  in  Platte- 
ville, with  some  discussion. 


266 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


RATES 


267 


Canada 

Bolton,  R.  P.    Cheap  electricity  in  Toronto.    Concerning  Mu- 
nicipal Ownership,  ix,  8-10  (191 6). 
Supplementary  to  "  Our  interest  in  Canadian  operations." 

Favoritism  in  rates.     Concerning  Municipal  Ownership, 

viii,  278-281  (1915). 

Supplementary  to  "  Our  interest  in  Canadian  operations." 

Christie,  A.  G.     Calgary's  municipal  power  plant.     Power, 

xliii,  352-357,  389-390  (1916). 

Chiefly  descriptive,  but  includes  brief  discussion  of  rates  and  operation. 
Illustrated  with  diagrams  and  photographs. 

Robinson,  S.  C.  What  would  be  a  proper  charge  for  a  service 
under  these  conditions  ?  Proc,  American  Waterworks  Asso- 
ciation, xxviii,  545-547  (1908). 

A  very  brief  discussion  of  rates  for  private  fire  protection  at  Walkerville, 
Ontario. 

Sara,  R.  A.  Another  municipal  electric  plant  supplying  lighting 
current  at  three  cents  per  kw.-hr.    Engineering  News,  bmi, 

655-^556  (1914). 

Brief  account  of  the  Winnipeg  plant,  with  tables  of  rates  and  operating 
statistics. 

France 

Dary,  Georges.    The  charges  for  electrical  energy  supply  in 
France.    Electrical  Review  (London),  bdi,  104 5-1046,  1086 
(1908). 
A  discussion  of  the  electric  rates  in  various  cities. 

« 

Germany 

DeFodor,  Etienne.  Rates  for  electricity  supply.  Trans., 
International  Electrical  Congress,  ii,  500-512  (1904). 

Discussion:  pp.  512-517.    General  discussion;  including  rates  in  Ger- 
man cities. 

Great  Britain 

Clark,  W.  J.  British  municipal  tramway  conditions.  Aera,  i, 
658-664  (1913). 

The  writer  concludes  that  British  tramway  fares  are  but  little  below 
ours,  and  without  question  unprofitable. 


Davies,  F.  H.  British  central  station  rates.  Electrical  World, 
Iv,  628-629  (1910). 

A  brief  but  interesting  discussion  of  the  various  rates  in  use  in  England. 

Rider,  J.  H.    Charges  for  supply  from  combined  lighting  and 

traction  stations.     Electrical  Engineer,  new  series,  xxxvi, 

24-26  (1905). 

An  analysis  of  costs,  with  tables  of  rates  charged  in  various  English 
cities. 

Seabrook,  a.  H.     An  English  central  station  rate  system. 

Electrical  World,  liv,  919-921  (1909). 

A  proposed  schedule  of  electric  rates  for  the  Borough  of  St.  Marylebone, 
with  suggested  tables  of  rates  and  discussion. 

ToppiN,  W  A.    The  present  tendency  of  charging  for  electricity. 

Electrical  Review  (London),  Ix,  945-947  (1907). 

A  discussion  of  the  lack  of  uniformity  of  rates  in  English  towns,  with 
a  tabulation  of  rates  and  reasons  for  the  recent  changes  in  each. 

Yerbury,  H.  E.  Equitable  charges  for  tramway  supply.  Jour- 
nal of  the  Institution  of  Electrical  Engineers,  xliv,  576-600 
(1910). 

Discussion :  pp.  606-663.   Includes  rate  elements,  tables  of  rates  charged 
in  Great  Britain  and  charts. 

Tramway  and  Railway  World,  xxvii,  108-111  (1910), 

Discussion:  pp.  111-112.    Abstract. 

Italy 

Semenza,  Guido.     Methods  of  charging  for  electric  motive 
power.     Proc.,  National  Electric  Light  Association,  1907: 
vol.  i,  520-532. 
On  the  methods  in  use  in  Italy;  technical,  with  formulae  and  charts. 

RATE  SCHEDULES 

General  Works 

Adahs,  a.  D.     Meter  rents  and  minimum  rates.     Electrical 

World,  Iv,  525-527  (1910). 

A  brief  account  of  the  law  in  various  places  —  statutory,  and  court  and 
commission  decisions. 


i 


268  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Bauer,  John.  Returns  on  public  service  properties.  Political 
Science  Quarterly,  xxx,  106-133  (191  s)« 

On  rate  making  principles,  railroad  rates  being  emphasized.    Mimicipal 
utility  rates  are  discussed,  pp.  107-112. 

Beale,  J.  H.,  and  Wyman,  Bruce.  General  principles  governing 
compensation.  {In  Railroad  rate  regulation.  2d  edition. 
New  York,  1915.)    177-208. 

An  annotated  study  of  the  legal  principles  underlying  schedules  of  rates 
as  a  whole.    Refers  only  to  raihx)ads,  but  is  of  general  interest. 

Blue,  F.  K.  The  practical  application  of  the  self-adjusting 
standard  for  rate  fixing.  Journal  of  Electricity,  Power  and 
Gas,  xxx,  386-389,  403-404  (1913)- 

Supplementary  to  his  "  The  public  and  public  service  corporations." 
Technical,  with  a  table  and  illustrative  examples. 

The  public  and  public  service  corporations.    Journal  of 

Electricity,  Power  and  Gas,  xxix,  483-484  (1912). 

Outlines  of  a  proposed  method  of  automatically  controlling  rate  level 
and  rate  of  return. 

Rate  fixing  and  appraisals:  automatically  directed  method 

of  rate  fixing  and  price  control.   Journal  of  Electricity,  Power 

and  Gas,  xxix,  500-501  (191 2). 

Supplementary  to  his  "  The  public  and  public  service  corporations." 

Cooley,  M.  E.  Factors  determining  a  reasonable  charge  for 
public  utility  service.  Trans.,  American  Institute  of  Elec- 
trical Engineers,  xxxii,  2077-2095  (1913). 

A  general  discussion  of  valuation  and  other  elements  used  in  determining 
upon  a  schedule  of  rates  as  a  whole. 

Journal  of  the  Western  Society  of  Engineers,  xix, 

1-17  (1914). 

Public  Service,  xvi,  45-46,  60-62,  97-98,  12^130 

(1914). 
Abstract. 

DoHERTY,  H.  L.  Methods  of  charging  for  public  service.  Public 
Service,  x,  9-12  (191 1), 

Erickson,  Halford.    Some  facts  relating  to  depreciation  and 
rate  making.    Electrical  Review  and  Western  Electrician, 
bdv,  234-238  (1914). 
Elementary. 


RATES 


269 


FooTE,  A.  R.    Cost  of  service  to  users  and  tax  payers.     {In 
Municipal  public  service  industries.    Chicago,  1899.)    211- 

247. 

A  brief  discussion  of  methods  of  charging,  and  comparison  of  prices. 

Cost  of  service  to  users  and  taxpayers:   the  only  proper 

basis  for  comparisons  between  private  and  municipal  owner- 
ship of  water,  gas  and  electric  lightmg  works.  Cincinnati, 
1897.    100  pp. 

Hamilton,  Stacy.    A  r6sum6  and  comparison  of  rate  theories. 
Journal  of  Electricity,  Power  and  Gas,  xxxiii,  357-361,  384- 

387  (1914)- 

Discussion:  pp.  387-394.  "  Discusses  some  of  the  good  and  bad  fea- 
tures of  various  rate  theories  and  schedules,  particularly  as  mter- 
preted  in  the  ligl^t  of  commission  decisions." 

An  excellent  analysis,  with  citations  for  each  kind  of  rate. 

Haney,  L.  H.    Joint  costs  with  especial  regard  to  railways. 
Quarterly  Journal  of  Economics,  xxx,  233-252  (1916). 
A  very  theoretical  and  thorough  treatment  of  the  subject,  of  interest 
for  all  public  utilities. 

Holmes,  F.  L.    Regulation  of  railroads  and  public  utilities  in 
Wisconsm.    New  York,  1915.    375  PP- 

Ch.  X.  Makmg  of  utility  rates. 

xii.  Electric,  gas  and  heating  utilities. 
3dv.  Water  utilities. 

A  good  account  of  the  principles  of  rate  making,  in  the  form  of  a  com- 
mentary on  the  practice  of  the  Wisconsin  commission. 

HoxiE,  G.  L.    Some  features  of  rate  fixing  for  electric  public 

service  properties.    Journal  of  Electricity,  Power  and  Gas, 

xxviii,  397-399  (1912). 
Kelsay,  G.  H.   The  cost  and  sale  of  power  by  railways.    Street 

Railway  Journal,  xxix,  207-209  (1907)- 

A  discussion  of  the  cost  factors  which  should  be  included,  and  as  to 
whether  the  sale  of  power  is  desirable;  semi-technical. 

The  cost  and  sale  of  railway  power.     Electric  Railway 


Review,  xvii,  126-129  (1907)- 


270  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Lawler,  J.  C.  A  schedule  of  rates  involving  the  investment 
cost  of  reaching  the  consumer.  Electrical  Worid,  Ivii,  1562- 
1565  (1911). 

A  technical  discussion  of  the  proposed  schedule,  with  illustrative  ex- 
amples and  tables. 

Randolph,  L.  S.     The  ethics  of  allowance  for  depreciation. 

Engineering  Magazine,  xxxix,  692-696  (1910). 

On  the  various  methods  of  allowing  for  depreciation  in  rates,  and  their 
results. 

Rate  Research,  Chicago,  191 2  — ;  weekly. 

Published  by  the  Rate  research  committee,  National  electric  light  asso- 
ciation.   Contains  abstracts  and  comments  on  decisions  and  articles. 

Raymond,  W.  G.  Rate  making  for  public  utilities.  Iowa  City, 
1914.    10  pp. 

State  University  of  Iowa,  Extension  division  bulletin,  no.  2. 
An  elementary  and  popular  account  of  rate  making  principles. 

Municipal  Engineering,  xlvi,  520-525  (1914). 

Abstract. 

Suggestions  for  public  utility  rate  making.  Engineering 

News,  Ixxi,  510-512  (1914). 
Abstract. 

Rice,  Frederick,  Jr.  Are  public  service  charges  too  low  ? 
Moody's  Magazine,  iv,  585-587  (1907). 

RiCKARDS,  A.  E.  Purchased  power:  its  advantages  versus  its 
cost.  Electrical  Review  and  Western  Electrician,  Ixi,  540-543 
(1912). 

An  attempt  to  show  that  the  largest  customers  can  be  obtained  on  the 
basis  of  service  advantages  rather  than  cost. 

Strait,  E.  N.  Wisconsin  conmiission  method  of  rate  making. 
Gas  Age,  xxxv,  263-268  (1915). 

Describes  the  "  mechanical  procedure  "  by  which  gas  and  electric  rates 
are  derived.    Includes  illustrative  tables  and  one  chart. 

Taussig,  F.  W.    A  contribution  to  the  theory  of  railway  rates. 

Quarterly  Journal  of  Economics,  v,  438-465  (1891). 

A  good,  but  highly  theoretical,  article  on  the  influence  of  jomt  costs  and 
value  of  service  on  rates. 


RATES 


271 


Taussig,  F.  W.,  and  Pigou,  A.  C.   Railway  rates  and  joint  cost. 
Quarterly  Journal  of  Economics,  xxvii,  535-538  (1913). 
A  continuation  of  the  discussion  in  Taussig's  "  Railway  rates  and  joint 
cost  once  more." 

Railway  rates  and  joint  cost  once  more.   Quarterly  Journal 

of  Economics,  xxvii,  378-384  (191 3). 

A  discussion  of  A.  C.  Pigou,  "  Wealth  and  welfare,"  and  a  reply  to 
Pigou 's  criticism  of  Taussig. 

Wilcox,  N.  T.    Some  reasons  for  difference  in  price  for  different 
electric  services.    Public  Service,  x,  178-179  (191 1). 

Wyer,  S.  S.    Principles  governing  cost  of  utility  services.    (In 

Regulation,  valuation  and  depreciation  of  public  utilities. 

Columbus,  1913.)    184-202. 

Composed  largely  of  classified  quotations  from  books,  articles   and 
cases.    A  thorough  analysis  of  costs  and  rates. 

Reasonableness  and  legal  right  of  the  "  minimum  charge  " 

in  public  utility  services.    Columbus,  1916.    113  pp. 
An  excellent  compilation,  including  a  brief  discussion,  largely  in  the 
form  of  quotations  from  articles  and  cases. 

Electric 
Abell,  H.  C.    Rates  for  electric  service.    Electrical  World,  Iviii, 

345-347  (1911)- 

An  account  of  the  procedure  used  in  an  actual  case  in  preparing  a  sched- 
ule of  electric  rates;  includes  one  chart. 

Adams,  A.  D.    Rates  for  hydroelectric  service.   Electrical  World, 

Iv,  354-356  (1910)- 

A  non-technical  discussion  of  the  reasons  for  the  very  low  rates  offered 
by  ten  companies. 

Allison,  J.  E.    Analysis  of  the  rate  calculations  for  electric 
light  and  power.    St.  Louis  ?    191 1  ?    39  pp. 
Report  to  St.  Louis  public  service  conmiission. 
Criticism  of  certain  forms  of  rates.   Technical,  with  formulae  and  charts. 

Rate  calculations  for  electric  light  and  power.    St.  Louis  ? 

191 1  ?    24  pp. 

Report  to  St.  Louis  public  service  commission. 

An  answer  to  criticisms  of  his  "  Analysis  of  the  rate  calculations  for 
electric  light  and  power." 


272  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Ashley,  H.  W.  Public  policy  and  legal  regulation  of  central 
station  charges.  Engineering  Magazine,  xlvi,  545-546  (1914). 
A  brief  arraignment  of  public  utilities  for  using  wholesale  electric  rates. 
For  a  reply,  see  R.  D.  De  Wolf,  "  Electric  central  station  rates." 

Public  service  electric  rates.    Practical  Engineering,  xviii, 

877-879  (1914). 

Theories  of  electric  current  rate  schedules.    Engineering 

Magazine,  xlviii,  86-88  (1914). 

The  writer  opposes  low  wholesale  rates  as  being  inequitable  on  the 
basis  of  actual  cost. 

See  a  criticism  by  C.  S.  Reid  and  a  defense  by  H.  D.  Jackson,  under  the 
same  title. 

Baker,  C.  A.    The  influence  of  tariffs  on  electricity  supply. 

Electrical  Review  (London),  1,  458-459,  534-535  (1902). 

A  thorough  study  of  the  eflfect  of  the  form  of  electric  rates  upon  the 
load  factor  and  financial  results;  with  tables  of  statistics  from  many 
English  cities.  The  writer  concludes  that  the  flat  rate  "  is  the  only 
one  at  present  in  general  use  which  may  be  considered  satisfactory 
all  round  to  both  consumer  and  producer."  See  reply  by  J.  R.  Dick, 
with  same  title. 

Barham,  a.  W.  The  problem  of  the  small  consumer.  Electri- 
cian, Ixxii,  1076-1077  (1914). 

On  the  form  of  electric  rates  desirable  for  the  small  consumer;  semi- 
technical. 

Baum,  F.  G.   The  best  control  of  public  utilities.   Trans.,  Amer- 
ican Institute  of  Electrical  Engineers,  xxxiv,  145-167  (1915). 
The  writer  advocates  class  rates  to  avoid  the  appearance  of  discrimina- 
tion, and  a  liberal  rate  of  return  to  secure  extensions.    Includes  charts 
and  formulae;  non-technical. 

Stone  and  Webster  Public  Service  Journal,  xvi,  100- 

iio  (1915). 

Abstract. 

Class  rates  for  light  and  power  systems  or  territories. 

Trans.,  American  Institute  of  Electrical  Engineers,  xxxiv, 

1693-1713  (1915). 

Discussion:  pp.  17 14-17 29.  The  writer  advocates  uniform  rates  for 
each  class  of  service  throughout  a  territory,  with  a  sliding  scale 
for  quantity,  thus  avoiding  any  appearance  of  discrimination.  Eight 
diflFerent  classes  of  service  are  suggested.  Technical,  with  charts  and 
diagrams;  very  good  paper. 


RATES 


273 


Beckjord,  W.  C.    Rates  for  electric  service.    Electrical  Review 
and  Western  Electrician,  Ixviii,  1073-1075  (1916). 
Brief  analysis  of  various  forms  of  rates,  with  charts  and  tables. 

Betts,  G.  W.    Legal  justification  for  differential  rates.    Proc, 
National  Electric  Light  Association,  1907:  vol.  i,  189-201. 
Discussion:   pp.  201-205.    Citation  and  discussion  of  the  cases;   semi- 
technical;  good. 

Borden,  S.  W.    A  safe  energy  rate  for  small  central  stations. 
Electrical  World,  Ivi,  869-871  (1910). 

BowDEN,  J.  H.,  and  Tait,  Fred.    Equitable  charging  for  the 
supply  of  energy  by  mimicipal  electricity  undertakings. 
Electrical  Review  (London),  lix,  323-324  (1906). 
Includes  illustrative  examples. 

The  standardization  of  tariffs.    Electrician,  Ixxiii,  446-448, 

457-458  (1914). 

A  detailed  outline  of  a  proposed  standard  method,  dispensing  with 
diversity  factor  and  load  factor. 

Brandeis,  L.  D.    Central  power  station  rates:  a  legal  opinion. 
Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  6,  4-8  (1916). 

Briggs,  W.  W.    Proposed  dividend  type  domestic  service  rate. 
Electrical  World,  Ixviii,  850-853  (1916). 
Includes  tables  and  a  sample  schedule. 

BuLLARD,  J.  E.    Rate  systems  from  the  central  station  solicitor's 
viewpoint.    Electrical  World,  Ix,  1042-1045  (1912). 
Includes  tables  and  charts. 

BuRNAND,  W.  E.    Low  rates  and  the  development  of  the  central 
station  service.    Electrical  World,  lix,  261-263  (1912). 

"  A  suggested  schedule  involving  central  station  control  of  customers' 
meters,  transferring  them  to  a  higher  rate  only  at  times  of  extraordi- 
nary peak  loads." 

Burnett,  H.  R.    The  costs  of  electricity  supply  and  their  rela- 
tion to  scales  of  charges.    Electrical  Engineer,  new  series,  xl, 

9-12  (1907). 
Technical;  with  charts. 

Chappelle,  C.  C.    Some  problems  of  rate  making.    Public  Ser- 
vice, xiv,  57-59  (1913)- 


V|#li 


ii 


274         BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Collier,  W.  R.  The  sale  of  current  to  municipally  owned  dis- 
tributing systems  by  central  stations.  Electrical  Review  and 
Western  Electrician,  Ixvii,  890-893  (191 5). 

Embodies  the  results  of  a  study  in  Georgia,  illustrated  with  tables  and 
charts. 

CoNKLiN,  L.  H.  Rates  for  electric  service.  Electrical  Worid, 
bdi,  1167  (1913). 

Cooper,  M.  D.    The  history  and  economics  of  central  station 
rate  making.    Wisconsin  Engineer,  xv,  107-116  (1910). 
Includes  many  citations  of  articles. 

Corson,  F.  H.  Industrial  power  supply  from  municipal  stations. 
Electrical  Review  (London),  lix,  123-124  (1906). 

A  discussion  of  very  low  power  rates  to  compete  with  more  modem 
private  plants. 

Cowan,  E.  W.  The  price  of  electricity.  Electrician,  Ixv,  895- 
^97,  932-933  (1910)- 

The  writer  opposes  demand  rates,  in  spite  of  equity,  and  believes  rates 
should  be  adapted  to  what  the  traffic  will  bear;  includes  charts. 

Crapper,  E.  H.  Methods  of  charging  for  electrical  energy. 
Electrician,  ix,  330-332  (1903)- 

ElectricalEngineer,  new  series, xxxiii,  II 7-1 24  (1904). 

Cravath,  J.  R.  Demand  and  diversity  factors  and  their  influ- 
ence on  rates.    Electrical  World,  Ivi,  567-570  (1910). 

A  good  discussion,  with  tables  compiled  by  the  Wisconsin  commission; 
semi-technical. 

Day,  Charles.  A  constructive  policy  for  public  service  cor- 
porations. Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and 
Social  Science,  Ivii,  83-93  (191 5)  • 

Good  outline  of  policies  for  utility  management,  including  a  discussion 
of  the  advantages  of  three-part  electric  rates.    Somewhat  elementary. 

De  Fodor,  Etienne.  Rates  for  electricity  supply.  Trans., 
International  Electrical  Congress,  ii,  500-512  (1904). 

Discussion:  pp.  512-517.    General  discussion;  including  rates  in  Ger- 
man cities. 


RATES 


27s 


De  Wolf,  R.  D.    Electric  central  station  rates.    Engineering 

Magazine,  xlvi,  959-961  (1914). 

A  brief  argument  for  three-part  and  wholesale  rates. 
A  criticism  of  H.  W.  Ashley,  "  Public  policy  and  legal  regulation  of 
central  station  charges." 

Dick,  J.  R.    The  influence  of  tariffs  on  electricity  supply.  Elec- 
trical Review  (London),  1,  673  (1902). 
A  reply  to  an  article  by  C.  A.  Baker,  with  the  same  title. 

DoHERTY,  H.  L.    Equitable,  uniform  and  competitive  rates. 

Proc,  National  Electric  Light  Association,  1900:  291-321. 

Discussion:  pp.  322-343.  An  excellent,  thorough  discussion  of  various 
electric  rates,  with  a  proposed  modified  form  of  electric  rate;  techni- 
cal.   Includes  tables  and  charts,  with  illustrative  examples. 

The  rate  question.    American  Gas  Light  Journal,  Ixxiv, 

171-172  (1901). 

A  discussion  of  flat  and  meter  rates  for  electricity. 

Dow,  Alex.    The  art  of  rate  making.    Electrical  World,  Ixv, 

17-18  (1915). 

A  good  elementary  article  on  electric  rate  schedules  as  a  whole. 

Dreyeus,  E.  D.   Some  notes  on  the  large  power  rate.   Electrical 
Review  and  Western  Electrician,  bdv,  419-423  (1914). 
Semi-technical,  with  charts. 

Druar,  J.  F.   Rates  and  rate  making.   Journal  of  the  Association 
of  Engineering  Societies,  1,  221-233  (^9^3)- 
Elementary. 

Edmondson,  W.  H.    a  mechanical  computer  for  electric  energy 
rates.    Electrical  World,  lix,  1391-1392  (191 2). 
A  brief  accoimt  of  a  slide  rule,  with  illustrative  charts  and  a  cut. 

Einstein,  A.  C.    Central  station  rate  schedules  for  retail  cus- 
tomers.   Electrical  World,  Ivi,  1077-1079  (1910). 
A  good  discussion  of  hours'-use  rates;  with  illustrative  forms. 

Eisenmenger,  H.  E.    The  computation  of  the  cost  of  current. 
Electrical  Review  and  Western  Electrician,  Ixv,  335-339 

(1914). 

A  theoretical  and  highly  technical  study,  with  charts  and  formulae. 


iil 


276         BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTILITIES 

EiSENMENGER,  H.  E.     Graphical  analysis  of  the  St.  Louis  resi- 
dence rates.    Electrical  World,  lix,  644-645  (1912). 
Highly  technical  and  theoretical. 

Some  geometrical  aspects  of  the  three-charge-rate  system. 
Electrical  Review  and  Western  Electrician,  Iviii,  280-287 
332-336,384-387(1911). 
Technical  and  theoretical;  with  many  diagrams. 

Space  representation  of  central  station  rates.     Electrical 
World,  Iviii,  1126-1132  (1911). 

An  analytical  and  graphical  study  of  central  station  rates  and  their 

representation  in  space  by  means  of  points  on  planes. 
Highly  technical  and  theoretical;  with  many  diagrams. 

The  theoretical  basis  of  the  multiple  rate  system.    Elec- 
trical World,  bd,  1085-1091  (1913). 

Ellis,  R.  L.    Rates  for  electricity.    Engineering  Magazine,  xliii, 
227-233  (1912). 

A  good,  non-technical  discussion  of  various  forms  of  electric  rates  with 
special  consideration  of  the  Hopkinson  rate. 

Emckson,  Halford.    Electric  Kghting  and  power  rates.   Annals 
of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  liii 
238-250  (1914). 

An  excellent  elementary  account  of  how  electric  rates  are  made,  with 
illustrative  examples. 

Makmg  rates  for  electric  current.    Public  Service,  xi,  no- 
121  (1911). 

Making  rates  for  electric  plants.    Public  Service  Regula- 
tion, i,  579-585  (1912). 

Regulation  of  public  utilities :  three  discussions.   Madison, 
191 1.    66  pp. 

Rates  for  electric  current:  pp.  3-18. 

EssoN,  W.  B.    Principles  and  profits  in  electrical  supply.    Elec- 
trician, xlviii,  419-421  (1902). 

A  reply  to  Arthur  Wright,  "  Some  principles  underlying  the  profitable 
sale  of  electnaty." 

The  writer  beheves  the  maximum  demand  method  erroneous  and  pro- 
poses a  substitute. 


RATES 


277 


Fernie,  F.   Diversity  factors.   Electrician,  bd,  556-557  (1908). 
Very  technical,  with  formulae  and  examples. 

FowLE,  F.  F.    Discrimination  in  central  station  rates.    Engi- 
neering Magazine,  xli,  406-415  (191 1). 

On  three-part  electric  rates,  and  the  desirability  of  rigid  rate  regulation. 
Interesting  and  non-technical. 

Fowler,  C.  P.     Some  fundamental  principles  underlying  the 

sale  of  electrical  energy.    Electrical  World,  1, 45^-459  (iQO?)' 
A  good,  semi-technical  discussion,  with  illustrative  examples. 

Gear,  H.  B.  Diversity  factor.  Trans.,  American  Institute  of 
Electrical  Engineers,  xxix,  375-384  (19 10). 

Diversity  factor  in  the  distribution  of  electric  light  and 

power.    Journal  of  the  Western  Society  of  Engineers,  xv, 

572-581  (1910). 

Discussion:  pp.  581-586.   A  very  good  technical  discussion  of  the  e£fect 
on  costs  and  operation;  with  charts  and  diagrams. 

GiLLE,  H.  J.  Public  service  corporation  rates.  Stone  and  Web- 
ster Public  Service  Journal,  ii,  740-744  (1908). 

Goldman,  O.  B.    The  multiplex  cost  and  rate  system.    Journal 
of  Electricity,  Power  and  Gas,  xxxiv,  526-529  (1915). 
A  highly  technical  study  of  cost  factors  and  the  development  of  a  rate 
system  based  thereon;  with  formulae. 

Gordon,  J.  B.    An  equitable  sliding  scale  for  rates  of  electric 
power.    Engineering  News,  bdii,  396-397  (1910). 
Includes  formulae,  tables  and  charts.    Technical. 

Grambs,  W.  J.  Notes  on  rate  making.  Journal  of  Electricity, 
Power  and  Gas,  xxv,  229-234  (1910). 

A  good  elementary  discussion  of  principles;  with  charts  and  illustrative 
examples. 

Hale,  R.  S.  Price  of  electricity.  Electrical  Review  and  Western 
Electrician,  Ivi,  844-846,  896-898  (1910). 

Hanson,  A.  C.  Tariffs  for  electric  motive  power.  Electrical 
Review  (London),  Ix,  701-702  (1907). 

Herrick,  C.  L.  Labor  costs  and  load  factor  in  central  station 
practice.  Electrical  Review  and  Western  Electrician,  lix, 
423-425  (1911). 


278  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

HoADLEY,E.E.   Tariff  alterations.   Electrical  Review  (London), 

Ixiii,  395-396  (1908). 

The  writer  favors  flat  rates  for  electricity  in  connection  with  metal 
filament  lamps. 

HoAG,  S.  A.    A  system  of  rates  for  electric  light  and  power  and 
its  application.    Journal  of  Electricity,  Power  and  Gas,  xxv, 
274-279  (1910). 
Discusses  various  forms  of  electric  rates;  non-technical. 

Ives,  A.  S.    Factors  in  rate  making.    Electrical  Worid,  Ixv,  655- 
657,  783-786,  987-989  (191 5). 

An  excellent  and  comprehensive  discussion  of  various  forms  of  rates 
and  the  influence  of  different  factors  on  costs.  Semi-technical,  in- 
cluding tables  and  suggested  forms. 

Jackson,  H.  D.    Discrimination  in  rates  for  electricity.    Power, 
xxxix,  462-463  (19 14). 

An  interesting  discussion  of  the  relation  between  light  and  power 
charges,  the  writer  maintaining  that  the  small  lighting  consumer  is 
discriminated  against.    Includes  one  chart;  non-technical. 

Rates  for  electricity.    Engineering  Magazine,  xliv,  326-334 

(1912). 

A  plea  for  lower  lighting  rates  for  the  small  consumer,  based  upon 
alleged  inequity  of  low  wholesale  rates.    With  charts;  non-technical. 

Theories  of  electric  current  rate  schedules.    Engineering 

Magazine,  xlviii,  728-731  (1915). 

A  discussion  of  the  articles  with  the  same  title  by  H.  W.  Ashley  and 
C.  S.  Reid,  the  writer  defending  Ashley's  position. 

Kennard,  E.  G.    Comparative  costs  of  gas  and  electric  lighting. 
Electrical  Engineer,  new  series,  xxxix,  540-542,  573-576,  612- 
615  (1907). 
A  thorough  and  highly  technical  study,  with  many  charts  and  tables. 

Kennedy,  S.  M.    Justification  of  deviations  in  rates  for  electric 
service.    Public  Service,  xiv,  13-14,  22  (1913). 

KiEFER,  P.  J.    Central  station  rate  making.    Power,  xlii,  268- 
270  (1905). 

Analysis  of  costs  and  rate  making  principles,  with  an  illustrative  ex- 
ample; semi-technical. 


RATES 


279 


Knowlton,  H.  S.  Labor  costs  in  central  stations.  Engineering 
Magazine,  xxxvii,  948-954  (1909). 

An  analysis  of  the  working  results  of  nine  plants;  includes  tables  and 
a  diart. 

Lackie,  W.  W.    Tariffs  for  electrical  energy,  with  particular 
reference  to  domestic  tariffs.    Journal  of  the  Institution  of 
Electrical  Engineers,  xlix,  147-158  (191 2). 
Technical;  theoretical. 

Lawler,  J.  C.  A  schedule  of  rates  involving  the  investment  cost 
of  reaching  the  consiuner.  Electrical  World,  Ivii,  1 562-1 565 
(1911). 

Lee,  C.  W.    Free  signs  and  flat  rates.    Proc.,  National  Electric 

Light  Association,  1905:  vol.  i,  351-358. 

Discussion:  pp.  355-366.  A  very  good  discussion  of  rates  for  commer- 
cial lighting  to  secure  new  business. 

Lincoln,  P.  M.  Rates  and  rate  making.  Trans.,  American  In- 
stitute of  Electrical  Engineers,  xxxiv,  2279-2318  (1915). 

Discussion:  pp.  2319-2360.  Includes  an  account  of  the  necessity  for 
recognizing  load  factor.  Largely  a  description  of  various  measuring 
devices. 

Lloyd,  E.  W.,  Howlett,  C.  A.  S.,  and  Waring,  J.  M.  S.    Rela- 
tion of  load  factor  to  power  costs.    Journal  of  the  Western 
Society  of  Engineers,  xiv,  241-250  (1909). 
Discussion:  pp.  241-250.    Technical,  with  charts. 

MacPherson,  H.  H.    Rates  and  the  use  of  rates.    Electrical 
World,  lii,  746-747  (1908). 
On  the  use  of  flat  rates  for  gas  and  electricity. 

Marks,  W.  D.    The  cost  of  electricity.    Electrical  World,  Ivi, 
265-269  (1910). 
Supplementary  to  his  "  The  price  of  electricity." 

The  price  of  electricity.    Electrical  World,  liv,  555-559 

(1909)- 

An  interesting  technical  argument  for  the  use  of  the  Marks  sliding  scale; 
includes  tables  and  charts  of  Massachusetts  experience,  and  formulae. 


if,,- 


'%\    , 


m 


280         BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Nash,  L.  R.  Demand  electric  rates  as  affected  by  commission 
regulation.  Stone  and  Webster  Public  Service  Journal,  xv, 
432-437  (1914)- 

Lists,  by  states,  the  leading  commission  cases  on  the  subject  with  brief 
r^sumfe. 

Some  commercial  considerations  in  central  station  rate 

making.    Boston,  191 5.    14  pp. 
Non-technical. 

Nicholas,  Frederic.   Tendencies  in  central  station  rate  making. 
Electrical  World,  Ixvi,  907-909  (191 5). 
Account  of  an  interview  with  W.  W.  Freeman. 

NoRSA,  Renzo.    Diversity  factor  and  fixed  charges.    Electrical 
Review  and  Western  Electrician,  lix,  1281-1285  (1911). 
A  very  good,  semi-technical  study. 

Norton,  W.  J.    Approval  of  demand  rates  by  public  service 
commissions.     Electrical  Review  and  Western  Electrician, 
Ixv,  960-961  (1914). 
States  briefly  the  attitude  of  the  commissions  in  various  states. 

The  form  of  electric  rates.   Electrical  World,  bdv,  20  (1914). 

Palmer,  Ray.  Municipal  lighting  rates.  Annals  of  the  Ameri- 
can Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  Ivii,  33-44 
(1915). 

Discussion  of  how  to  compare  electric  lighting  rates  of  different  cities; 
includes  tables  of  electric  rates  in  Chicago,  with  some  discussion. 

Street  lighting  rates  and  cost  factors.    American  City,  xi, 

462-466  (1914). 

Abstract  of  his  "  Municipal  lighting  rates." 

Perry,  F.  B.    A  method  for  determining  rates  and  prices  for 

electric  power.     Trans.,  American  Society  of  Mechanical 

Engineers,  XXV,  120-133  (1903). 

A  very  technical  discussion  of  step  rates  with  suggested  improvements 
in  power  rates.    Includes  formulae,  charts  and  illustrative  examples. 

POLAKOV,  W.  N.   Cost  of  electricity.   Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  8, 
5-9  (1916). 
An  analysis  and  classification  of  cost  factors;  with  charts. 


RATES 


281 


Reed,  W.  E.    The  cost  of  arc  lighting  and  general  service  from 
mediimi  and  small  municipal  or  private  plants.     Trans., 
American  Institute  of  Electrical  Engineers,  xxx,  1121-1133 
(1911). 
A  technical  analytical  comparison  of  costs  and  rates. 

Reid,  C.  S.    Theories  of  electric  current  rate  schedules.    Engi- 
neering Magazine,  xlviii,  392-395  (1914). 

A  reply  to  H.  W.  Ashley,  "  Theories  of  electric  current  rate  schedules." 
See  also  H.  D.  Jackson,  "  Theories  of  electric  current  rate  schedules." 

Rider,  J.  H.    Charges  for  supply  from  combined  lighting  and 

traction  stations.    Electrical  Engineer,  new  series,  xxxvi,  24- 

26  (1905). 

An  analysis  of  costs,  with  tables  of  rates  charged  in  various  English 
cities. 

Roberts,  J.  L.    Charges  for  electrical  energy.    Electrical  World, 

1",  747-749  (1908). 

On  the  "  rating  "  of  various  consumers;  elementary  but  good. 

Russell,  S.  A.   Electric  power  supply  tariffs.   Electrical  Review 
(London),  Ixiv,  157-158  (1909). 
A  discussion  of  principles,  with  illustrative  examples. 

Ryan,  W.  T.    Systems  of  charging  for  electrical  energy.    Engi- 
neering Magazine,  xxxvii,  47-54  (1909). 
An  elementary  comparison  of  nine  different  systems. 

ScHARPF,  M.  R.    "  Low  rates  to  large  users."    Stone  and  Web- 
ster Journal,  xviii,  481-484  (1916). 

Seabrook,  a.  H.    An  English  central  station  rate  system.  Elec- 
trical World,  liv,  919-921  (1909). 

A  proposed  schedule  of  electric  rates  for  the  Borough  of  St.  Marylebone, 
with  suggested  tables  of  rates  and  discussion. 

Semenza,  Gumo.     Methods  of  charging  for  electric  motive 
power.     Proc,  National  Electric  Light  Association,  1907: 
vol.  i,  520-532. 
On  the  methods  in  use  in  Italy;  technical,  with  formulae  and  charts. 

Sharp,  E.  E.    Equity  vs.  expediency:  a  tariff  question.    Elec- 
trical Review  (London),  Ixiv,  698-699  (1909). 
The  writer  opposes  demand  rates  and  favors  two-flat-rate  systems. 


282 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


RATES 


283 


m 


Shawfield,  C.  E.  C.    Cheap  power  supply  by  municipalities. 
Electrical  Engineer,  new  series,  xxxix,  899  (1907). 
On  electric  power  rates;  semi-technical,  with  charts. 

Shuster,  T.  W.   Rates  and  methods  of  charging.   American  Gas 
Light  Journal,  Ixxviii,  211  (1903). 
An  outline  of  the  various  forms  of  electric  rates. 

Sinclair,  Alexander.    Load  factor:   its  eflFect  upon  an  elec- 
tricity station.    Electrician,  Iv,  411-414  (1905). 
Technical,  with  charts  and  tables. 

Sines,  H.  S.  The  effect  of  central  station  rates  on  new  business. 
Electrical  Review  and  Western  Electrician,  Ix,  843-845  (1912). 
A  good,  semi-technical  discussion;  with  load  curves. 

Snell,  J.  F.  C.    Cost  of  electrical  power  for  industrial  purposes. 
Electrical  Review  (London),  Ixii,  155-158  (1908). 
Discussion:  pp.  158-159,  201-203.    Abstract. 

Spencer,  C.  J.     The  determination  of  central  station  rates. 

Electrical  World  and  Engineer,  xl,  813  (1902). 

Discussion  of  several  systems  of  rates;  includes  one  chart.  Very  brief 
and  elementary,  but  good. 

Spohrer,  H.  H.  Electric  rates.  Electrical  Review  and  Western 
Electrician,  Ix,  747-748  (191 2). 

On  a  new  schedule  of  electric  rates  adopted  by  the  Union  electric  light 
and  power  company  of  St.  Louis,  with  some  discussion;  technical. 

Storer,  S.  B.    The  sale  and  measurement  of  electric  power. 
Street  Railway  Journal,  xxvii,  1018-1023  (1906). 
Technical,  with  charts. 

SwoBODA,  H.  O.  An  analysis  of  electric  cooking.  Electrical 
Review  and  Western  Electrician,  box,  670-675  (1916). 

Comprehensive  discussion,  including  analysis  of  costs  and  extensive 
tables  relating  to  the  rates  charged  by  companies  all  over  the  United 
States. 

ToppiN,  W.  A.  Supply  by  meter,  or  contract  ?  Electrical  Re- 
view (London),  bdv,  403-404  (1909). 

A  good  elementary  discussion  of  controlled  flat  rates  versus  meter  rates 
for  the  small  consumer. 


ToPPiN,  W.  A.     Systems  of  charging  for  electricity  supply. 

Electrical  Engineer,  new  series,  xxxix,  42-44  (1907). 

A  discussion  of  various  kinds  of  rates,  with  an  outline  of  a  suggested 
form. 

Tweedy,  E.  F.    Central  station's  load  factors.   Electrical  World, 
lix,  258-260  (1912). 
On  the  desirability  of  various  kinds  of  loads;  with  a  table  and  two  charts. 

Vesey-Brown,  C.  S.    Electric  power  tariffs.    Cassier's  Maga- 
zine, xxxii,  304-311  (1907). 
A  technical  study,  with  tables  and  illustrative  examples. 

Wallis,  L.  R.    The  foresee  (4-c)  system  of  charging.    Proc., 
National  Electric  Light  Association,  1901 :  34-50- 

Discussion:  pp.  50-51.  A  good  discussion  of  electric  rates,  with  special 
attention  to  the  "foresee"  (capacity  charge  and  current  charge) 
system.    Includes  illustrative  table  and  charts. 

For  a  reply,  see  Arthur  Wright,  "  Central  station  tariff  system." 

Watkins,  G.  p.    Electrical  rates:  the  load  factor  and  the  den- 
sity factor.    Quarterly  Journal  of  Economics,  xxx,  519-54S 
(1916). 
An  excellent  semi-technical  study;  with  charts. 

Whitehorne,  E.  E.    The  value  of  the  poor  man's  business. 

Electrical  World,  Ixvii,  201-203  (1916). 

Popular  account  of  the  use  of  controlled  flat  rates  in  various  cities; 
illustrated  with  photographs. 

Wilcox,  N.  T.    Some  reasons  for  differences  in  price  for  different 
services.    Proc,  National  Electric  Light  Association,  191 1: 
vol.  i,  325-328. 
Semi-technical. 

Wholesale  rates  for  central  station  service.     Stone  and 

Webster  Public  Service  Journal,  iv,  241-243  (1909). 

Wright,  Arthur.     Central  station  tariff  system.     Electrical 
World  and  Engineer,  xxxviii,  60-61  (1901). 
A  reply  to  L.  R.  Wallis,  "  The  foresee  (4-c)  system  of  charging." 


284         BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Wright,  Arthur.  Some  principles  underiying  the  profitable 
sale  of  electricity.  Electrician,  xlviii,  347-350, 378-382, 43a- 
433  (1901-1902). 

Paper  before  Institution  of  electrical  engineers. 

A  thorough,  technical  discussion  of  various  forms  of  electric  rates  with 
tables  and  charts.  The  writer  strongly  favors  the  maximum  demand 
method. 

For  a  reply,  see  W.  B.  Esson,  "  Principles  and  profits  in  electrical 
supply." 

Gas 

BuLLARD,  J.  E.    Gas  rates:    flat  rate  unfair  to  company  and 

consumer.  American  Gas  Light  Journal,  ci,  337-339  (1914). 

A  very  good  discussion  of  various  kinds  of  rates,  with  tables  and  charts; 
semi-technical. 

Clark,  J.  M.  Rates  for  public  utiKUes.  American  Economic 
Review,  i,  473-487  (191 1). 

An  interesting  argument  for  the  use  of  more  scientific  rate  schedules  for 
gas  and  telephone  service. 

Cory,  C.  L.  Rate  fixing  and  appraisal.  Journal  of  Electricity, 
Power  and  Gas,  xxix,  382-383,  407-409,  433-434,  463-465 
(1912). 

Paper  before  Pacific  coast  gas  association. 

On  some  of  the  principles  of  gas  rate  making;  includes  a  practical  ex- 
ample and  tables. 

For  a  reply,  see  A.  C.  Humphreys,  "  PubUc  service  rate  making." 

Reasonable  gas  rates  and  their  determination.   Progressive 

Age,  XXX,  964-968  (1912). 

Paper  before  Pacific  coast  gas  association. 

DeFrese,  S.  E.    Equitable  gas  rates.    American  Gas  Light 
Journal,  c,  353-355  (1914). 

DiCKERMAN,  J.  C.    The  cost  of  producing  illuminating  gas  in 
American  cities,  exclusive  of  returns  to  capital  invested. 
Utilities  Magazine,  i,  no.  i,  10-12  (1915). 
A  table  of  statistics  from  19  cities,  and  discussion. 

The  cost  of  supplying  illuminating  gas  in  the  smaUer  Ameri- 
can cities,  exclusive  of  returns  to  capital  invested.  UtiUties 
Magazine,  i,  no.  2,  19-23  (1915). 


RATES 


28s 


A  table  of  statistics  from  74  cities,  and  discussion. 
Supplementary  to  his  "  Cost  of  producing  illuminating  gas  in  American 
cities,  exclusive  of  returns  to  capital  invested." 

DoHERTY,H.  L.    Rates.   Proc,  National  Commercial  Gas  Asso- 
ciation, 1910:  297-318. 

Discussion:   pp.  319-331.    An  excellent  account  of  the  need  for  more 
scientific  gas  rates  and  discussion  of  cost  factors. 

Gardiner,  W.  H.,  Jr.    The  making  of  rates.    Progressive  Age, 
xxiv,  381-383  (1906). 

Humphreys,  A.  C.    Public  service  rate  making.    American  Gas 
Light  Journal,  xcix,  209-214  (1913). 

Abstract.    A  discussion  of  C.  L.  Cory,  "  Reasonable  gas  rates  and  their 
determination." 

Journal  of  Electricity,  Power  and  Gas,  xxxi,  367- 

370(1913). 

Discussion:   pp.  371-374.    Paper  before  Pacific  coast  gas  association. 
A  discussion  of  C.  L.  Cory,  "  Reasonable  gas  rates  and  their  determi- 
nation." 

Kennard,  E.  G.    Comparative  costs  of  gas  and  electric  lighting. 

Electrical  Engineer,  new  series,  xxxix,  540-542,  573-576,  612- 

615(1907). 

A  thorough  and  highly  technical  study,  with  many  charts  and  tables. 

Lea,  H.  I.    Elements  of  gas  rate  making.    Gas  Age,  xxxiii,  569- 

570  (1914). 

Includes  a  tabular  "  analysis  of  gas  sales  to  general  consumer." 

Gas  rate  making.    American  Gas  Light  Journal,  c,  3^5-3^7 

(1914). 

A  good,  elementary  discussion,  with  a  table  and  illustrative  examples. 

MacPherson,  H.  H.    Rates  and  the  use  of  rates.    Electrical 

World,  lii,  746-747  (1908). 

On  the  use  of  flat  rates  for  gas  and  electricity. 

Miller,  A.  S.    Gas  rates.    Proc.,  American  Gas  Institute,  viii, 

part  I,  195-201  (1913). 

Discussion:   pp.  202-211.    A  brief  and  somewhat  elementary  analysis 
of  cost  elements,  and  a  plea  for  more  equitable  forms  of  rates. 

Miller,  T.  D.    The  flat  rate  nuisance.    American  Gas  Light 
Journal,  Ixxvi,  690  (1902). 


' 


286  BIBUOGRAPEY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Wolff,  S.  E.    Rates  for  industrial  purposes.    American  Gas 
Light  Journal,  xcii,  807-809  (1910). 

A  good  elementary  discussion  of  various  forms  of  gas  rates,  with  illus- 
trative examples. 

Traction 
American  Electric  Railway  Association.  Report  of  the  com- 
mittee on  determining  the  proper  basis  for  rates  and  fares. 
Proc,  American  Electric  Railway  Association,  191 1 :  280. 
Memoranda  by:  F.  R.  Ford,  281-295;  C.  S.  Sergeant,  296-297; 
W.  J.  Clark,  297-299;  H.  G.  Bradlee,  300-304;  E.  E.  Foster,  305-309. 
A  very  good  discussion  of  various  phases  of  the  problem. 

Proc.,  American  Electric  Railway  Association,  1912: 
245-246. 

Memoranda  by:    C.  N.  Duffy,  246-268;    H.   G.  Bradlee,   269-276: 
F.  R.  Ford,  277-294.  ^     /   » 

A  very  excellent  study. 
Aera,  i,  375  (1912). 

Memoranda  by:    C.   N.  Duffy,  376-391;  H.  G.  Bradlee,  392-399; 
r.  K.  rord,  400-414. 

Aera,  i,  654-655  (1913). 

Memoranda  by:  C.  N.  Duffy,  655-658;  W.  J.  Clark,  658-664. 
Discussion:  pp.  664-672. 

Blake,  H.W.   The  problem  of  the  five  cent  fare.   Electric  Rail- 
way Journal,  xxxvi,  23-27  (1910). 

On  the  need  for  higher  fares  in  New  York  state;  with  Ubles  and  one 
chart. 

Electric  Traction  Weekly,  vi,  730-734  (1910). 

Bradlee,  H.  G.   Actual  figures  of  existing  street  railways.  Proc., 
American  Electric  Railway  Association,  191 2 :  269-276. 
Memorandum  with  "  Report  of  the  committee  on  determining  the 
proper  basis  for  rates  and  fares." 

An  excellent  analysis  of  costs  and  operation  results,  with  tables  of 
statistics. 


RATES 


287 


Abstract. 


Abstract. 


Aera,i,  392-399(1912). 

Electric  Railway  Journal,  xl,  1106-1108  (1912). 


Bradlee,  H.  G.    The  profitable  limit  of  a  five  cent  fare.    Stone 

and  Webster  Public  Service  Journal,  xi,  389-398  (191 2). 

Paper  before  American  electric  railway  association,  entitled  "  Actual 
figures  of  existing  street  railways." 

Profitable  limit  of  a  five  cent  street  railway  fare.    Engi- 
neering News,  Ixix,  214-215  (1913). 
Extracts. 

CoBURN,  F.  W.   The  crisis  in  street  railway  service.    Public  Ser- 
vice, vi,  101-104  (1909). 
On  the  need  for  higher  fares. 

Conway,  Thomas,  Jr.  The  decreasing  financial  returns  upon 
urban  street  railway  properties.  Annals  of  the  American 
Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  xxxvii,  14-30  (191 1). 
Good,  non-technical  discussion;  includes  tables  of  data. 

Davis,  G.  H.    Adjustment  of  American  street  car  fares.    Public 
Service,  xi,  53-55  (191 1). 
Abstract. 

• The  adjustment  of  American  street  railway  rates  to  the 


expansion  of  city  areas.    Electric  Railway  Journal,  xxxvii, 

210-214  (1911). 

Abstract.    Includes  a  number  of  tables. 

DooLiTTLE,  F.  W.    Some  problems  of  electric  railway  industry. 
Electric  Railway  Journal,  xlvii,  1035-1038  (1916). 
Considers  the  effect  on  the  business  of  changes  in  fares  and  costs. 

Studies  in  the  cost  of  urban  transportation  service.    New 

York,  1 91 6.    467  pp. 

A  study  made  for  the  Bureau  of  fare  research  of  the  American  electric 

railway  association. 
An  excellent  technical  work  on  the  factors  affecting  cost  of  service  and 

rate  of  fare  on  street  railways. 

DxjEFY,  C.  N.  The  effect  of  load  factor  on  cost  of  electric  railway 
passenger  service.    Aera,  i,  655-658  (1913). 
Technical. 

Electric  Railway  Journal,  xli,  195-196  (1913). 


Abstract. 


<A 


288  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTILITIES 

Duffy,  C.  N.  A  theoretical  basis  for  determining  fares  on 
properties  having  annual  gross  earnings  of  from  $100,000  to 
$5,000,000.  Proc,  American  Electric  Railway  Association, 
191 2:  246-268. 

Memorandum  with  "  Report  of  the  committee  on  determining  the  proper 
basis  for  rates  and  fares." 

A  thorough  analysis  of  traction  costs  and  fares;    with  a  hypothetical 
example  and  tables. 

Aera,  i,  376-391  (191 2). 

Abstract. 

Electric  Railway  Journal,  xl,  1103-1106  (1912). 
Abstract. 

DuRAND,E.D.   Street  railway  fares  in  the  United  States.   Amer- 
ican Monthly  Review  of  Reviews,  xxxi,  171-176  (1905). 
A  plea  for  lower  fares  in  large  cities;  popular. 
Answered  by  H.  S.  Knowlton  in  "  Street  railway  fares  in  large  cities." 

Eberle,  George.  Copper  zone  vs.  nickel  zone  as  a  basis  of  in- 
terurban  rates.   Electric  Railway  Journal,  xl,  451-456  (1912). 

Ford,  F.  R.  Passenger  rates  and  fares  in  cities  with  surface 
street  railways  and  elevated  railroads  or  subways.  Proc., 
American  Electric  Railway  Association,  1912:   277-294. 

Memorandum  with  "  Report  of   the  committee  on  determining  the 

proper  basis  for  rates  and  fares." 
A  valuable  study,  by  cities,  with  tables  of  statistics. 

Aera,  i,  400-409  (1912). 


Abstract. 


Electric  Railway  Journal,  xl,  1108-1112  (191 2). 


Abstract. 

FuLLERTON,  Irwin.  Do  low  fares  increase  riding  ?  Electric 
Railway  Journal,  xliii,  770  (1914). 

Brief  account  of  the  results  of  a  fare  reduction  experiment  made  by  the 
Detroit  united  railway  company. 

Gruhl,  Edwin.  The  cost  of  carrying  a  passenger  and  the  pro- 
posed work  of  the  bureau  of  fare  research.  Proc,  American 
Electric  Railway  Accountants'  Association,  1913:  270-273. 

Hanson,  A.  C.     Tariffs  for  electric  motive  power.    Electrical 
Review  (London),  k,  701-702  (1907). 
A  very  popular  discussion  of  various  rates. 


RATES  289 

HiLD,  F.  W.    Effect  of  rate  of  fare  on  riding  habit.    Electric 

Railway  Journal,  xliii,  229-233  (1914). 

A  thorough  study  of  the  problem,  with  data  and  charts,  purporting  to 
prove  that  the  effect  of  the  rate  of  fare  is  practically  negligible. 

Rate  of  fare  and  riding  habit.    Aera,  ii,  806-819  (1914). 

A  good  study,  with  charts  and  data  as  to  the  results  in  various  cities. 
The  writer  concludes  that  fares  should  not  be  reduced  except  through 
the  operation  of  natural  forces. 

Knowlton,  H.  S.    Street  railway  fares  in  large  cities.    American 

Monthly  Review  of  Reviews,  xxxii,  80-84  (1905). 

An  argument  against  lower  fares.  Reply  to  E.  F.  Durand,  "  Street  rail- 
way fares  in  the  United  States." 

Nash,  L.  R.  Financial  problems  of  electric  railways.  Stone  and 
Webster  Journal,  xviii,  441-456  (1916). 

Discusses  in  elementary  form  traction  operating  costs,  revenue  and 
fares. 

Richey,  a.  S.    Cost  of  rush  hour  service.    Aera,  ii,  218-222 

(1913)- 

A  good,  technical  analysis,  with  charts. 

Rider,  J.  H.  Charges  for  supply  from  combined  lighting  and 
traction  stations.  Electrical  Engineer,  new  series,  xxxvi,  24- 
26  (1905). 

An  analysis  of  costs,  with  tables  of  rates  charged  in  various  English 
cities. 

Seely,  C.  T.  Collection  of  fares  under  a  zone  system.  Aera,  i, 
428-430  (1912). 

On  the  results  of  a  study  of  methods  of  checking  origin  and  end  of  ride 
made  by  the  South  side  elevated  railroad  in  Chicago. 

Stearns,  R.  B.  Zone  system  of  fares  in  practice.  Electric  Rail- 
way Journal,  xlv,  836-838  (1915). 

A  good  analysis  of  the  results  of  six  months'  operation  in  Milwaukee; 
illustrated  with  two  charts. 

Stebbins,  Theodore.  Interurban  railway  fares.  Proc,  Ameri- 
can Street  and  Interurban  Railway  Association,  1907:  260- 
270. 

An  analysis  of  the  effect  of  different  local  conditions  on  the  rate  of  fare. 


290         BIBUOGRAPBY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Watkins,  G.  p.  Street  railway  rates,  with  especial  reference  to 
differentiation.  Quarterly  Journal  of  Economics,  xxv,  623- 
649  (1911). 

An  exceUent  discussion  of  the  underlying  economic  principles  and  their 
appbcation.  *^ 

Yerbury,  H.  E.  Equitable  charges  for  tramway  supply.  Jour- 
nal of  the  Institution  of  Electrical  Engineers,  xliv,  576-600 

(1910). 

Discussion :  pp.  606-663  •   Includes  rate  elements,  tables  of  rates  chanjed 
m  Great  Bntam  and  charts. 

Tramway  and  Railway  World,  xxvii,  108-111  (1910) 
Discussion:  pp.  111-112.    Abstract. 

Water 

Alvord,  J.  W.    Equitable  hydrant  rentals  and  better  methods 
for  apportioning  fire  protection  cost.    Journal  of  the  Ameri- 
can Waterworks  Association,  i,  95-102  (1914). 
A  good  discussion. 

Bassett,  G.  B.    Water  meter  rates.    Proc,  American  Water- 
works Association,  xxviii,  61^-627  (1908). 

Technical,  with  illustrative  examples. 

Bemis,  E.  W.    Water  meter  rates.    Engineering  Record,  xiii, 

An  elementary  discussion  of  flat  and  meter  rates. 

Brown,  C.C.   Water  rates  and  rentals.   Municipal  Engineering, 
^3Kv,  73-78  (1909). 

Burgess,  Philip.    Water  rates.    Proc,  Central  States  Water- 
works Association,  191 2:  113-117. 

A  brief  discussion  of  rates  and  costs. 
Davis,  F.  A.  W.    "  ShaU  there  be  a  charge  for  fire  lines  by  water 
departments  and  water  companies,  and  shall  meters  be  placed 
on  fire  lines  ?  »    Proc,  American  Waterworks  Association, 
xxiii,  362-367  (1903). 

Earl,  G.  G.    Water  rates.    Proc,  American  Waterworks  Asso- 
ciation, xxxi,  173-189  (1911). 

Discussion:  pp.  189-216.    A  somewhat  elementary  discussion  of  princi- 
ples, with  an  analysis  of  rates  for  New  Orleans  as  illustration. 


RATES 


291 


Ericson,  John.  Waterworks  plants  and  the  proper  rates  for 
domestic  and  public  service.  Proc,  American  Waterworks 
Association,  xxvii,  295-302  (1907). 

Fuller,  G.  W.    Elements  to  be  considered  in  fixing  water  rates. 
Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 
Science,  liii,  251-261  (19 14). 
A  popular  analysis  of  cost  and  income  elements. 

Jordan,  F.  C.  Making  rates  for  water  service.  Public  Service, 
»,  83-85  (1911). 

Rate  making.    Municipal  Engineering,  xl,  319-322  (1911). 

Kimball,  F.  C.    The  equity  of  a  minimum  charge  for  metered 

service.   Proc,  American  Waterworks  Association,  xxiv,  268- 

276  (1904). 

Discussion:  pp.  277-289.    A  good,  somewhat  elementary  discussion. 

Knowles,  Morris.  Equitable  water  rates  the  result  of  meter- 
ing.   American  City,  viii,  172-177  (1913). 

,  and  ScHARTF,  M.  R.   The  relation  of  "  out-of-pocket  cost " 

to  water  rate  making,  with  an  illustrative  example.   Engineer- 
ing and  Contracting,  xli,  336-338  (1914). 

Ledoux,  J.  W.    Water  rates  and  extensions.    Proc,  American 
Waterworks  Association,  xxx,  193-198  (1910). 
A  brief  discussion  of  fundamental  principles;  semi-technical. 

Mathews,  G.  C.    Wisconsin  water  rates.    Public  Service  Regu- 
lation, i,  33-35  (191 2). 
Discussion  of  the  methods  and  procedure  used. 

Maury,  D.H.   Rates  for  water  service.   Proc,  American  Water- 
works Association,  xxvii,  33-39  (1907). 
Elementary. 

Engineering  News,  Ivii,  709-710  (1907). 


Abstract. 


Public  Service,  vi,  127-128  (1909). 


Metcalf,  Leonard.     Depreciation  in  waterworks  operation. 

Public  Service,  x,  82-84,  119-121  (191 1). 

On  depreciation  in  relation  to  rate  making,  and  the  importance  of  fiTin£ 
rates  high  enough  to  include  depreciation. 


I 


292  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Metcalf,  Leonard.  Private  fire  protection  service  charges. 
Proc.,  American  Waterworks  Association,  xxxiii,  127-152 
(1913). 

Discussion:  pp.  158-190.  An  account  of  an  investigation  supplement- 
ing Metcalf,  Kuichling  and  Hawley,  "  Some  fundamental  considera- 
tions  m  the  determination  of  a  reasonable  return  for  public  fire 
hydrant  service." 

,  Kuichling,  E.,  and  Hawley,  W.  C.    Some  fundamental 

considerations  in  the  determination  of  a  reasonable  return 
for  public  fire  hydrant  service.  Proc,  American  Waterworks 
Association,  xxxi,  55-117  (191 1). 

A  highly  technical  study,  with  formulae,  tables  and  charts.    Includes 
tables  of  the  rates  charged  in  diflFerent  cities. 

Miller,  J.  T.  Fire  protection:  what  is  the  proper  basis  for 
charges  ?  Proc.,  American  Waterworks  Association,  xxvi, 
397-400  (1906). 

NouRSE,  H.  O.  Water  rates.  Proc.,  American  Waterworks 
Association,  xxiii,  143-154  (1903). 

Patton,  W.  a.    At  what  rate  can  water  be  profitably  sold  when 
pumped  against  a  300-foot  head  ?     Proc,  American  Water- 
works Association,  xxiv,  490-496  (1904). 
A  discussion  of  the  rates  in  various  places. 

Richards,  W.  H.  Meter  rates.  Journal  of  the  New  England 
Waterworks  Association,  xxii,  289-294  (1908). 

Discussion:  pp.  294-309.    A  brief  argument  for  the  use  of  meter  rates 
for  water,  with  a  table  and  chart. 

Rosamond,  S.  J.  What  would  be  a  fair  basis  for  fixing  water 
rates  for  fire  and  domestic  service  ?  Proc,  American  Water- 
works Association,  xxv,  132-138  (1905). 

Discussion:   pp.  139-150.    An  analysis  of  the  rates  of  seventy  dUes- 
with  large  comparative  tables  of  statistics.  ' 

Wagner,  B.  M.  Rates  for  water  supply.  Journal  of  the  New 
England  Waterworks  Association,  xxix,  1-48  (1915). 

A  very  good  article,  including  an  account  of  water  rate  history  and  a 
discussion  of  the  various  forms  of  rates;  with  tables. 


RATES 


293 


RATE  OF  RETURN 

Aera.    Topical  discussion  on  rate  of  return  on  electric  railway 

capital.    Aera,  iv,  711-739  (1916). 

Subject  divided  into  its  various  elements.   J.  D.  Mortimer. 
Actual  returns  in  the  past.    D.  J.  McGrath. 
Returns  necessary  to  attract  new  capital.    O.  B.  Willcox. 
Limitations  of  maximum  earning  capacity.    M.  C.  Brush. 
Uncertainty  of  valuation.    T.  C.  Williams. 

An  interesting  symposium. 

Allison,  J.  E.    Rate  of  return.    Annals  of  the  American  Acad- 
emy of  Political  and  Social  Science,  liii,  172-177  (1914). 
Good  elementary  discussion. 

Stone  and  Webster  Public  Service  Journal,  xvi,  277- 

289  (1915)- 

An  amplified  reprint  of  article  by  same  title  in  Annals  of  the  American 
Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science. 

Alvord,  J.  W.  The  financial  questions  in  waterworks  valua- 
tions. Proc,  American  Waterworks  Association,  xxii,  142- 
152  (1902). 

A  brief  discussion  of  intangible  values,  franchise  value  and  rate  of 
return. 

Engineering  Record,  xliv,  30-32  (1902). 

Abstract. 

Beale,  J.  H.,  and  Wyman,  Bruce.  Rate  of  return.  {In  Rail- 
road rate  regulation.  2d  edition.  New  York,  1915.)  250- 
283. 

A  very  good  legal  discussion  of  rate  of  return  to  railroads,  of  interest 
for  all  public  utilities;  thoroughly  annotated. 

Blue,  F.  K.    The  regulation  of  public  utilities  by  competition 
in  the  securities  market.    Journal  of  Electricity,  Power  and 
Gas,  XXXV,  39-41,  63-65  (1915). 
Technical,  with  formulae  and  tables. 

Clark,  J.  M.  Some  neglected  phases  of  rate  regulation.  Amer- 
ican Economic  Review,  iv,  565-574  (1914). 

A  somewhat  academic,  economic  discussion  of  (i)  fluctuating  prices 
and  the  earnings  of  capital,  (2)  surplus  accumulated  out  of  earnings, 
and  (3)  betterments  and  public  necessity. 


I 


294  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTILITIES 

Cory,  C.  L.    Rate  fixing  and  appraisal.    Journal  of  Electricity, 

Power  and  Gas,  xxix,  382-383,  407-409,  433-434,  463-465 
(191 2). 

Includes  a  brief  discussion  of  the  elements  of  risk  and  rate  of  return. 

Crosby,  O.  T.  Automatic  rate  regulation.  Proc.,  American 
Electric  Railway  Association,  191 2:  307-320. 

Interesting  plea  for  more  definiteness  in  the  rate  of  return  to  be  aUowed 
new  enterprises  by  commissions. 

Dunn,  S.  O.  Shall  railway  profits  be  limited  ?  Journal  of  Po- 
litical Economy,  xviii,  593-609  (1910). 

An  attempt  to  prove  that  rates  and  profits  do  not  vary  together.    Dis- 
cusses raibx)ads  only,  but  is  of  some  general  interest. 

Erickson,  Halford.  Regulation  and  reasonable  returns.  Elec- 
trical Review  and  Western  Electrician,  bdv,  1296-1300  (1914). 
Abstract. 

Electrical  Worid,  bdii,  1477-1479  (1914). 


RATES 


29s 


What  should  a  company  earn  ?   Public  Service,  xviii,  17-19 

(1915). 

An  excellent  popular  article  on  the  elements  of  rate  of  return;   theo- 
retical, with  practical  application. 

Forest,  H.  V.    Profits  in  tiie  Ughting  business.    Progressive 
Age,  xxvi,  649-651  (1908). 

Discussion  of  whether  profits  from  electric  lighting  have  been  over- 
estimated; with  tables  of  statistics. 

Foster,  H.  A.    Capitalization.     {In  Engineering  valuation  of 

public  utilities  and  factories.    New  York,  1912.)    252-258. 

Discusses  chiefly  the  rate  of  return  allowed  on  the  capitalization;   with 
quotations  from  articles  and  decisions. 

Gillette,  H.  P.    The  valuation  of  waterworks  properties.    X. 
The  Rate  of  "  fair  return."    Engineering  and  Contracting, 
xlv,  99-100  (1916). 
A  good  discussion. 

Valuations  of  public  service  properties.    Public  Service,  x, 

114-116  (1911). 

Emphasizes  the  importance  of  development  expense  in  determining  the 
fair  rate  of  return. 


Hayes,  H.  V.    Fair  rate  of  return.    {In  Public  utilities:   their 
fair  present  value  and  return.    New  York,  19 15.)    81-96. 
A  very  good,  non-technical  discussion. 

The  worth  of  service  to  the  consumer.    {In  Public  utilities: 

their  cost  new  and  depreciation.   New  York,  1913.)    125-132. 
A  brief  discussion  of  rate  of  return,  with  quotations  from  decisions. 

Holmes,  F.  L.  Rate  of  return.  {In  Regulation  of  railroads  and 
public  utilities  in  Wisconsin.    New  York,  191 5.)    43-56. 

Treats  chiefly  of  the  attitude  of  the  Wisconsin  commission,  but  is  a 
good  elementary  discussion  of  the  subject. 

Lewis,  H.  T.    Interest  and  profits  in  rate  regulation:  the  prac- 
tice of  the  Wisconsin  railroad  commission.    Political  Science 
Quarterly,  xxvii,  239-259  (1912). 
A  good  analysis,  with  many  quotations  from  cases  before  the  commission. 

McFall,  R.  J.    Railway  monopoly  and  rate  regulation.     Co- 
lumbia University  Studies  in  History,  Economics  and  Public 
Law,  box,  1-223  (1916). 
Ch.  iii.   The  fair  return. 
Considers  railroads  only,  but  chapter  iii  is  of  some  general  interest. 

McGrath,  D.  J.    Actual  returns  in  the  past.    Aera,  iv,  714-722 

(1915)- 

In  Topical  discussion  on  rate  of  return  on  electric  railway  capitaL 
History  in  Massachusetts,  with  diagrams.    An  interesting  study. 

Return  on  Massachusetts  investment.     Electric  Railway 

Journal,  xlvii,  256-259  (1916). 
Abstract. 

Mayer,  Joseph.  The  just  value  of  monopolies  and  the  regula- 
tion of  the  prices  of  their  products.  Trans.,  American  Society 
of  Civil  Engineers,  Ixxv,  455-471  (191 2). 

Discussion:    pp.  472-502.     Includes  formulae  for  determination  of 
profits.    Relates  chiefly  to  the  rate  of  return.    Theoretical. 

Miller,  A.  S.    Regulation  and  utility  financing.  Public  Service, 
xiii,  211-213  (1912). 
On  the  effect  of  a  restricted  rate  of  return  upon  capital. 

Miller,  W.  E.  Ashland  water  rate  decision  explained.  Engi- 
neering Record,  bod,  805-807  (1915). 

On  decisions  of  the  Wisconsin  commission  refusing  to  accept  4  per  cent, 
as  an  adequate  return,  and  revising  rates. 


1:1 


296  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTILITIES 

Mortimer,  J.  D.    Rate  of  return  necessary  to  attract  capital  to 
electric  railways.    Public  Service,  xx,  83-84  (1916). 
An  analysis  of  risk  in  the  electric  traction  industry. 

Rate  of  return  on  railway  capital.    Electric  Railway  Jour- 
nal, xlvii,  253-254  (1916). 

Abstract. 

Risk  as  an  element  of  the  rate  of  return  on  capital  in  elec- 
tric traction  properties.    Aera,  i,  759-763  (1913). 

A  discussion  of  the  different  sources  of  risk. 

Public  Service,  xv,  41-42,  46  (1913). 


RATES 


297 


Reprint. 

Sterrett,  J.  E.     The  comparative  yield  on  trade  and  public 
service  investment.     American  Economic  Review,  vi,  1-8 
(1916). 
An  interesting  study. 

Whitten,  R.  H.  Rate  of  return.  (In  Valuation  of  public  ser- 
vice corporations.    New  York,  1912-1914.)    i  and  ii,  ch.  xxx. 

A  very  excellent  discussion,  with  many  quotations  from  court  and  com- 
mission decisions. 

WiLLCox,  O.  B.    Compedtion  with  other  investments.   Electric 
Railway  Journal,  xlvii,  260-263  (1916). 
Abstract. 

Returns  necessary  to  attract  new  capital.    Aera,  iv,  723- 

729  (1915). 

In  Topical  discussion  on  rate  of  return  on  electric  railway  capital.  On 
the  necessity  of  returns  suflSdent  to  attract  new  capital.  Very 
general  and  popular. 

Wilson,  C.  P.  Financing  public  utilities  under  state  control  and 
service  rate  and  rate  of  return.  Proc,  Indiana  Gas  Associa- 
tion, 1916:  35-39. 

Discussion:  pp.  39-51.  On  valuation  and  rate  of  return.  Considers 
8  to  10  per  cent  fair. 

WiNSLOW,  W.  H.    A  study  of  the  conditions  affecting  the  price 
at  which  capital  can  be  secured  to  develop  public  utilities. 
Moody's  Magazine,  vi,  174-178  (1908). 
Includes  tables  of  the  factors  affecting  the  rate  of  return. 


WiNSLOW,  W.  H.    What  is  fair  return  upon  investment  ?    Pro- 
gressive Age,  xxvii,  685-686  (1909). 

A  good,  concise  analysis  of  factors  affectmg  the  rate  of  return;  with 
illustrative  tables  of  the  elements  of  risk  and  their  effect  on  the  rate 
of  return. 

Public  Service,  vii,  5-7  (1909). 

WooLFOLK,  W.  G.    Appraisal  of  public  utility  properties.   Cana- 
dian Engineer,  xxviii,  629-632  (1915). 
Includes  a  brief  discussion  of  the  rate  of  return. 

Young,  C.  G.    Logical  basis  for  valuations  of  interurban  street 

railways.    Electrical  Review  and  Western  Electrician,  Iviii, 

180-181,  231-237  (1911). 

Long  abstract  of  paper  before  Central  electric  railway  association. 
Includes  a  very  good  discussion  of  rate  of  return. 

Electric  Railway  Journal,  xxxvii,  115-118  (1911). 

Abstract. 


Abstract. 


Abstract. 


Electric  Traction  Weekly,  vii,  67-71  (1911). 
Engineering  News,  Ixv,  141-143  (1911). 

New  York,  1911.    32  pp. 

Reprint  of  paper  before  Central  electric  railway  association. 


THE  SLIDING  SCALE 

Allen,  W.  S.  The  gas  supply  and  the  public.  Municipal  Affairs, 
vi,  656-667  (1902). 

A  general  discussion  of  mimicipal  ownership,  the  writer  advocating  the 
sliding  scale  as  preferable  to  municipalization. 

Blue,  F.  K.  The  practical  application  of  the  self-adjusting 
standard  for  rate  fixing.  Journal  of  Electricity,  Power  and 
Gas,  xxx,  386-3S9,  403-404  (1913)- 

Supplementary  to  his  "  The  public  and  public  service  corporations." 
Technical,  with  a  table  and  illustrative  examples. 

The  public  and  public  service  corporations.     Journal  of 

Electricity,  Power  and  Gas,  xxix,  483-484  (1912). 

Outlines  a  proposed  method  of  automatically  controlling  rate  level  and 
rate  of  return. 


298 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


Blue,  F.  K.    Rate  fixing  and  appraisals:  automatically  directed 
method  of  rate  fixing  and  price  control.    Journal  of  Electric- 
ity, Power  and  Gas,  xxix,  500-501  (191 2). 
Supplementary  to  his  "  The  pubUc  and  public  service  corporations." 

Brandeis,  L.  D.    How  Boston  solved  the  gas  problem.    Ameri- 
can Review  of  Reviews,  xxxvi,  594-598  (1907). 
On  the  application  of  the  sliding  scale  to  the  Boston  gas  companies. 

FoRSTALL,  A.  E.    Brief  history  of  gas  legislation  in  Great  Britain 

and  extracts  from  acts  applying  the  sliding  scale  and  auction 

clauses.    Proc.,  American  Gas  Institute,  iv,  702-713  (1909). 

Appendix  to  **  *  Sliding  scale  '  regulations  of  prices  and  rates  of  dividend 
for  gas  companies." 

"  Sliding  scale  "  regulation  of  prices  and  rates  of  dividend 

for  gas  companies.    Proc.,  American  Gas  Institute,  iv,  225- 

236  (1909). 

Discussion:  pp.  236-241.    A  good  general  discussion  of  the  subject. 

American  Gas  Light  Journal,  xcii,  156-157  (1910). 

Discussion:  pp.  196-197.    Abstract. 

GAia)iNER,  W.  H.,  Jr.  The  London  sliding  scale  as  a  method  for 
the  government  regulation  of  public  service  corporations.  ? 
?    133  PP- 

Gasell,  G.  a.  Sliding  scale  gas  rates.  Public  Service  Regula- 
tion, i,  396-398  (1912). 

A  popular  discussion  of  the  sliding  scale  as  applied  in  Boston  and  Great 
Britain,  the  writer  favoring  its  use. 

Marks,  W.  D.  The  London  sliding  scale.  (In  Practical  rate 
making  and  appraisement.  South  Hadley,  1914  ?)  227-251. 
A  detailed  description  and  discussion.    Semi-technical,  with  formulae 

Massachusetts  Legislature.    The  London  sliding  scale  of  prices 

and  dividends  as  applied  to  gas  companies.    Boston,  1906. 

85  pp. 

Report  of  a  special  conmiittee  to  the  Massachusetts  legislature. 

Matthews,  Nathan.  Report  on  the  London  sliding  scale.  (In 
Gardiner,  W.  H.,  Jr.  The  London  sliding  scale  as  a  method 
for  the  government  regulation  of  public  service  corporations. 
?,        ?)    23-118. 


RATES 


299 


Peters,  J.  W.  S.    A  suggested  sliding  scale  of  dividends  for 
street  railways,  determined  by  quality  of  service.    National 
Municipal  Review,  ii,  31-38  (1913). 
Very  interesting  and  novel;  includes  illustrative  tables. 

Whitten,  R.  H.     Regulation  of  public  service  companies  in 

Great  Britain:    with  supplemental  chapters  on  the  Boston 

sliding  scale  and  Toronto  auction  sale  and  maximum  dividend 

plans.    New  York,  1914.    231  pp. 

Reprinted  from  1913  annual  report  of  Public  service  commission  for 
the  first  district,  New  York.    An  excellent  study  of  the  sliding  scale. 

Wilcox,  D.  F.    Municipal  franchises:  a  description  of  the  terms 
and  conditions  upon  which  private  corporations  enjoy  special 
privileges  in  the  streets  of  American  cities.  New  York,  1910- 
191 1.    2  vols. 
The  sliding  scale,  Boston,  i,  pp.  57-58»  560-564. 

Wrightington,  E.  N.    The  sliding  scale  method  of  regulating 

public  service  corporations.    Proc,  National  Conference  for 

Good  City  Government,  1910:   103-108. 

A  brief,  popular  account  of  the  sliding  scale  and  its  use  by  Boston  gas 
companies. 

The  sliding  scale  method  of  regulation  as  applied  to  gas 

companies  in  Massachusetts.    (In  King,  C.  L.   The  regula- 
tion of  mimicipal  utilities.    New  York,  191 2.)    99-102. 
Revised  reprint. 


TAXATION 


301 


VII.   TAXATION 

Adams,  H.  C.    Tendencies  in  railway  taxation.    Proc.,  American 
PoKtical  Science  Association,  i,  224-232  (1904). 

Discussion:   pp.  232-249.    Considers  chiefly  intangibles  in  valuations 
for  taxation. 

Adams,  T.  S.    Valuation  of  railway  property  for  purposes  of 

taxation.    Journal  of  Political  Economy,  xxiii,  1-16  (1915). 

A  discussion  from  the  standpoint  of  Wisconsm  practice  and  experience. 
Of  some  interest  for  all  public  utilities. 

Allen,  W.  S.     Taxes  on  street  railway  franchises.     Forum, 
xxxii,  355-359  (1901). 
The  writer  believes  that  exemption  of  the  companies  from  taxation  and 

all  unnecessary  burdens,  together  with  the  requirement  of  low  rates 

of  fare,  is  the  best  policy  for  all  concerned. 

Baldwin,  W.  W.    Railroad  taxation.    Railway  World,  lii,  757- 
760  (1908). 

Abstract  of  paper  before  Minnesota  academy  of  social  science. 

Taxation  of  railroad  property.    Proc.,  Minnesota  Academy 

of  Social  Science,  i,  105-130  (1907). 

A  good  general  analysis  and  discussion  of  interest  for  all  public  utilities. 
See  also  C.  B.  Miller,  "  Taxation  of  raih-oad  property." 

Bullock,  C.J.   Taxation  of  public  utilities.   Aera,ii,  1212-1219 
(1914). 

Cavanaugh,  H.  B.    The  federal  income  tax  law  as  applicable 
to  electric  railroad  corporations.    Electric  Railway  Journal 
xlii,  1277-1278  (1913). 
A  brief  explanation  of  the  law. 

Coleman,  G.  S.     Special  franchise  taxation  in  New  York. 
State  and  Local  Taxation,  1907:  649-654. 

CoNANT,  W.  B.    Street  railway  obligations  to  repair  and  main- 
tain public  ways.    Municipal  Journal,  xl,  509-510  (1916). 

Crocker,  Courtenay.    Some  evils  of  double  taxation.   Public 
Service,  ix,  152-154  (1910). 

300 


Curtis,  C.  E.  Taxation  of  street  railways  for  purposes  of  revenue 
and  control.    Yale  Review,  viii,  173-201  (1899). 

A  good,  technical  study.    Includes  tables  showing  the  practice  in 
various  cities  of  the  United  States  and  Canada. 

Daniels,  W.  M.    Taxation  of  raiboad  and  canal  property  in 
New  Jersey.    Quarterly  Journal  of  Economics,  xx,  617-622 
(1906). 
History;  with  discussion  of  a  new  law. 

Dewey,  D.  R.  Legal  aspects  of  corporation  franchises.  (In 
McLaughlin,  A.  C,  and  Hart,  A.  B.  Cyclopedia  of  Ameri- 
can government.    New  York,  1914)    ii,  45~48. 

Municipal  revenue  from  street  railways.     Publications, 


American  Economic  Association,  ii,  551-562  (1888). 

In  The  relation  of  modern  municipalities  to  quasi-public  works.     An 
analysis  of  the  kinds  of  revenue  in  various  cities. 

Eastman,  F.  M.  The  taxation  of  public  service  corporations  in 
Pennsylvania.    Philadelphia,  1905.    46  pp. 

An  historical  and  critical  account  of  state  and  local  taxation,  with  quo- 
tations from  decisions,  tables,  and  an  index. 

Erickson,  Halford.  Regulation  or  profit-sharing  ?  Electric 
Railway  Journal,  xliii,  257-262  (1914)- 

Evans,  N.  W.  A  history  of  taxation  in  Ohio:  giving  the  legis- 
lation on  the  subject  and  a  commentary  on  the  methods  of 
providing  public  revenues.    Cincinnati,  1906.    220  pp. 

Tide  on  the  cover,  "  Who  pays  your  taxes  ?  " 
Ch.  V.  Railroad  taxation. 

xiv.  Excise  and  franchise  taxation. 

Fay,  C.  N.    The  city  gets  fifty-five  per  cent.  Outlook,  xcii,  407- 

413  (1909). 

A  very  popular  account  of  the  Chicago  traction  settlement,  by  which 
55  per  cent  of  gross  earnings  are  paid  to  the  dty. 

Fay,  E.  p.  Assessment  and  collection  of  school  taxes  on  property 
of  public  service  corporations.  Proc.,  New  York  State  Con- 
ference on  Taxation,  191 6:  128-135. 


302  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Fletcher,  F.  N.  Should  pubHc  utiUties  be  assessed  for  taxation 
by  public  service  commissions  ?  Proc.,  National  Tax  Asso- 
ciation,  1915:   104-111. 

A  good  discussion.  The  writer  believes  that  pubHc  utilities  should  be 
taxed  to  secure  equity  and  that  assessment  by  the  commission  is 
desirable. 

FooTE,  A.  R.    Regulation  and  taxation  of  public  service  cor- 
porations.   Municipal  Affairs,  vi,  74^764  (1902). 
The  writer  beUeves  that  theoretically  pubhc  utilities  should  be  free 

from  taxation,  but  that  actuaUy  a  tax  on  gross  earnings  is  desirable. 

Considers  that  municipal  plants  should  be  taxed  and  regulated  the 

same  as  private  plants. 

Relation  of  franchise  taxation  to  service  rates.    State  and 
Local  Taxation,  1907:  655-661. 

An  excellent  study;  the  conclusion  being  that  a  gross  earnings  tax  alone 
IS  advisable  until  people  learn  that  a  low  tax,  or  none,  is  necessary  for 
low  public  utility  rates. 

Taxation  of  public  service  corporations.    Proc.,  National 
Conference  for  Good  City  Government,  1907:  264-268. 

Taxation  of  railroads  in  the  United  States.    State  and 

Local  Taxation,  191 1 :   192-230. 

A  thorough  discussion  of  the  taxation  of  all  classes  of  pubUc  utilities- 
with  tables.  * 

Foster,  H.  A.    Franchise.    {In  Engineering  valuation  of  pubHc 

utilities  and  factories.    New  York,  191 2.)    236-251. 

A  good  discussion  of  franchises  and  taxation,  with  many  quotations 
from  court  and  commission  decisions. 

Foster,  Roger.   The  taxation  of  the  elevated  railroads  in  the 
dty  of  New  York.    New  York,  1883.    61  pp. 
Largely  composed  of  quotations  from  reports  and  decisions. 

Friedman,  H.  G.    The  taxation  of  corporations  in  Massachu- 
setts.    Columbia  University  Studies  in  History,  Economics 
and  Public  Law,  xxvii,  405-577  (1907). 
"  Taxation  of  public  service  corporations" ;  pp.  502-535. 

Gardiner,  W.  H.   PubHc  relations  and  taxation  of  pubHc  ser- 
vice  corporations.  State  and  Local  Taxation,  1909:  175-180. 


TAXATION 


303 


Garrison,  W.  L.    EstabHsh  principle  and  let  methods  evolve. 

Moody's  Magazine,  u,  504-506  (1906). 

In  Mimicipal  ownership  and  operation:  symposium. 

Brief  discussion,  advocating  single  tax  instead  of  mimicipal  ownership. 

Gruhl,  Edwin.  Taxing  the  utiUties.  PubHc  Service,  xviu,  41- 
42,  50-51  (1915). 

A  popular  article  opposing  utility  taxation  as  being  ultimately  paid  by 
the  consumer. 

Guernsey,  N.  T.    The  relation  of  taxation  to  service  rates. 

State  and  Local  Taxation,  1912:   177-185. 

A  good  discussion.  The  writer  believes  in  the  taxation  of  public  service 
corporations,  and  the  inclusion  of  the  taxes  in  the  cost  of  service  in 
rate  regulation. 

PubHc  Service,  xiv,  216-218  (1913). 

Hall,  B.  E.   Administrative  difficulties  of  the  special  franchise 
tax  law.    Proc,  New  York  State  Conference  on  Taxation, 
1911:   177-184. 
On  the  diflSculties  under  the  New  York  law. 

Hansel,  Charles.    The  valuation  of  railroads  in  New  Jersey. 

Engineering  Record,  bdii,  594-599  (191 1). 

Discusses  the  valuation  for  taxation,  with  brief  reference  to  the  experi- 
ence of  other  states.    Of  some  interest  for  municipal  utilities. 

Holcomb,  a.  E.   The  assessment  of  pubHc  service  corporations. 

State  and  Local  Taxation,  191 1:   149-192. 

Appendix:  "  Extracts  from  reports  of  tax  conmiissions,  writings  of 
economists,  and  from  other  sources,  upon  the  subject  of  the  taxation 
of  pubUc  service  corporations  by  the  gross  earnings  method,  with 
notes  on  the  constitutionaUty  of  such  a  method." 

A  very  good  discussion  of  all  phases  of  the  question,  emphasizing  the 
need  for  administrative  improvements. 

PubHc  service  corporation  assessment.   PubHc  Service,  xi, 

115-117,  159-162  (1911). 
Abstract. 

Howe,  F.  C.  Taxation  of  quasi-pubHc  corporations  in  the  state 
of  Ohio,  and  the  franchise  tax.  Annals  of  the  American 
Academy  of  PoHtical  and  Social  Science,  xiv,  157-180  (1899). 
Treats  chiefly  of  railroad  taxation,  but  includes  municipal  utiUties  also. 


304         BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTILITIES 

Howe,  F.  C.     The  taxation  of  railroads  and  other  public  service 
corporations.  Proc,  National  Conference  for  Good  City  Gov- 
ernment, 1907:  306-316. 
A  good,  general  discussion;  popular. 

Johnson,  E.  R.  Railway  taxation.  {In  American  railway  trans- 
portation.   2d  revised  edition.    New  York,  1909.)    408-419. 

Looms,  H.  B.   Franchise  taxation  in  Illinois.  Municipal  Mairs, 

V,  388-400  (1901). 

A  popular  account,  with  tables. 

Maltbie,  M.  R.  Taxation  of  gas,  electric  supply  and  tramway 
undertakings  in  Great  Britain.  {In  National  Civic  Federa- 
tion. Municipal  and  private  operation  of  public  utilities. 
New  York,  1907.)    Pt.  II,  vol.  ii,  516-549. 

The  taxation  of  public  service  corporations.    State  and 

Local  Taxation,  1908:  477-486. 

An  interesting  discussion  of  franchise  taxation. 

Miller,  C.  B.   Taxation  of  railroad  property.  Proc.,  Minnesota 
Academy  of  Social  Science,  i,  131-137  (1907). 
Supplementary  to  W.  W.  Baldwin,  "  Taxation  of  raikoad  property." 

Montgomery,   H.  E.      Government   ownership   unnecessary. 
Moody's  Magazine,  iv,  143-145  (1907). 

Outlines  of  a  suggested  plan  for  regulating  all  public  service  corpora- 
tions through  state  corporation  departments  and  a  graduated  tax  on 
net  profits. 

Plehn,  C.  C.     a  suggestion  for  a  measure  of  the  burden  of 
taxation  on  street  railways.    Proc.,  American  Electric  Rail- 
way Accoimtants'  Association,  1915:  39-50. 
Discussion:  pp.  50-55.  • 

The  taxation  of  franchises  in  California.    National  Mu- 
nicipal Review,  i,  337-354  (1912). 
A  good  historical  and  critical  account. 

Taxation  of  public  service  corporations.    State  and  Local 

Taxation,  1907:  635-648. 

A  good  discussion  of  various  bases  of  public  utilities  taxation. 


TAXATION 


30s 


Pond,  O.  L.    The  taxation  of  corporations.   Yale  Law  Journal, 
xxiv,  381-390  (1915). 
Taxation  of  public  utilities:  pp.  388-390. 

RowE,  L.  S.  The  possibilities  and  limitations  of  municipal  con- 
trol. Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and 
Social  Science,  1900:  supplement,  9-20. 

Shows  that  pecuniary  return  to  the  city  should  be  subordinated  to 
quality  and  cost  of  service. 

Seligman,  E.  R.  a.  Taxation  of  franchise  values.  Municipal 
Affairs,  vi,  765-773  (1903). 

Shields,  R.  H.  Railroad  taxation  problems.  State  and  Local 
Taxation,  1910:   231-241. 

A  good  discussion  of  problems  in  Michigan,  with  suggested  changes. 
Of  interest  for  all  public  utilities. 

Railway  taxation.   State  and  Local  Taxation,  1908:   263- 

269. 

Extracts  from  paper  before  Minnesota  academy  of  social  science. 

The  taxation  of  corporate  property  as  seen  in  the  taxation 

of  Michigan  railroads.    Proc,  Minnesota  Academy  of  Social 
Science,  i,  40-58  (1907). 

An  historical  account,  of  some  general  interest. 

Shortt,  Adam.     The  taxation  of  public  service  corporations. 
State  and  Local  Taxation,  1907:  622-634. 
On  the  basis  to  be  used.    The  writer  reconmiends  taxation  of  earnings. 

Snider,  G.  E.  The  taxation  of  the  gross  receipts  of  railways  in 
Wisconsin.  Publications,  American  Economic  Association, 
3d  series,  vii,  521-658  (1906). 

Tripp,  G.  E.  Taxes  and  licenses.  Proc,  American  Street  and 
Interurban  Railway  Association,  1910:   274-283. 

On  the  methods  of  taxing  street  railways  in  use  in  various  parts  of  the 
country. 

U.  S.  Bureau  of  the  Census.    Street  and  electric  railways,  1907. 
Washington,  19 10.    575  pp. 
Municipal  taxation  methods:  pp.  291-293. 


3o6         BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

U.  S.  Interstate  Commerce  Commission.  Railways  in  the  United 

States  in  1902.    Washington,  1903.    5  vols. 

Pt.  V.  State  taxation  of  railways  and  other  transportation  agencies. 

462  pp. 
Appendix  to  sixteenth  annual  report. 

Valon,  Arthur.    The  rating  of  water  undertakings.    Trans., 
Institution  of  Waterworks  Engineers,  xvii,  95-105  (191 2). 
Discussion:  pp.  106-120. 

Whitney,  F.  N.  Centralized  assessment  of  public  utilities  in 
New  York.  Proc,  New  York  State  Conference  on  Taxation, 
1915:   191-201. 

Whitten,  R.  H.  Distinction  between  value  for  tax  and  rate 
purposes.    Proc,  National  Tax  Association,  1913:  342-350. 

Taxation  of  corporations  in  New  York,  Massachusetts, 

Pennsylvania  and  New  Jersey.     New  York  State  Library 
Bulletin,  no.  61:  617-810  (1901). 
Includes  public  service  companies. 

Wilcox,  D.  F.  Fundamental  planks  in  a  public  utility  program. 

Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 

Science,  Ivii,  8-19  (191 5). 

Maintains  that  pubhc  utilities  should  not  be  a  source  of  municipal  profit 
through  franchise  taxation  or  compensation. 

American  City,  xi,  480-485  (1914). 

Abstract. 

Mimicipal  franchises:  a  description  of  the  terms  and  con- 
ditions upon  which  private  corporations  enjoy  special  privi- 
leges in  the  streets  of  American  cities.  New  York,  1910-1911. 
2  vols. 

Vol.  ii,  Ch.  xxix.   Street  railway  franchises  granted  for  compensation, 
xliv.   Compensation  for  franchises  and  taxation  of  public 
utility  properties. 

A  thorough  discussion  of  franchise  compensation  and  taxation,  including 
an  account  of  provisions  actually  in  force. 

Principles  as  to  franchise  values.    Utilities  Magazine,  i, 

T^o.  3,  59-67  (1916). 

A  good  elementary  discussion  of  franchise  values  for  taxation,  rate 
making,  condenmation,  sale  and  capitalization. 


TAXATION 


307 


Wilcox,  D.  F.  Taxation  of  public  utilities.  Annals  of  the 
American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  Iviii,  140- 

148  (1915)- 

An  excellent  discussion.  The  writer  opposes  taxation  of  public  utilities 
under  strict  regulation,  except  as  a  weapon  or  to  form  an  amortization 
fund,  because  the  taxes  would  be  paid  in  fact  by  the  consumer. 

Williams,  Harrison.  Assessment  of  railroads  and  other  public 
service  corporations.  Proc,  New  York  State  Conference  on 
Taxation,  1911:   185-191. 

A  brief  discussion  of  the  laws  in  force  in  New  York  state  and  their 
results. 

Wrightington,  S.  R.      Taxation  of  "  guaranteed  "  stock  in 
Massachusetts.    Green  Bag,  xxiv,  8-17  (191 2). 
An  account  of  an  attempt  of  the  Boston  and  Maine  railroad  to  dodge 
bond  taxation  by  issuing  "  guaranteed  stock." 


VIII.    HOLDING  COMPANIES 


IX.    MUNICIPAL  OWNERSHIP 


Ford,  F.  R.    The  holding  company:  its  advantages  and  disad- 
vantages.   Electric  Railway  Journal,  xUii,  23-27  (1914). 
A  good  analysis,  with  tables  of  statistics. 

Goodrich,  J.  P.  The  pubUc  welfare  and  the  holding  company. 
Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 
Science,  Ivii,  323-334  (1915). 

Homer,  F.  T.  PubHc  advantages  of  holding  compam'es.  Annals 
of  the  American  Academy  of  PoHtical  and  Social  Science, 
Ivii,  313-322  (1915). 

The  public,  the  investor  and  the  holding  company.     (In 
Y.  M.  C.  A.,  New  York,  West  Side  Branch.    Public  utiUty 
economics.    New  York,  1914.)    11-30. 
A  very  good  elementary  discussion. 

Jenkins,  W.  C.    Public  utility  holding  companies.  Public  Ser- 
vice, xvi,  149-152  (1914). 
A  good  popular  account  of  their  advantages. 

Lee,  E.  B.     The  public  utility  movement:  holding,  financing 
and  investment  companies.     Moody's  Magazine,  xiii,  375- 
378  (1912). 
Intended  for  the  investor,  but  of  general  interest;  elementary. 

Mathewson,  C.  F.    Holding  companies  and  the  pubUc  welfare. 
Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 
Science,  Ivii,  305-312  (1915). 
ExceUent  general  article,  in  favor  of  public  utiUty  holding  companies. 

Mead,E.  S.  Holding  companies.  (/«  McLaughlin,  A.  C,  and 
Hart,  A.  B.  Cyclopedia  of  American  government.  New 
York,  1914.)    ii,  124. 


306 


GENERAL  WORKS 

Books 

Darwin,  Leonard.     Municipal  ownership:    four  lectures  de- 
livered at  Harvard  University,   1907.     New  York,   1907. 
149  pp. 
A  very  good  discussion  of  both  sides  of  the  question. 


Municipal  trade:  the  advantages  and  disadvantages  re- 
sulting from  the  substitution  of  representative  bodies  for 
private  proprietors  in  the  management  of  industrial  under- 
takings.   New  York,  1903.    464  pp. 

An  excellent  analysis,  with  some  discussion  of  results  in  Great  Britain. 
Arguments  both  for  and  against  municipalization  are  well  presented, 
and  the  author's  main  conclusion  is  that  reforms  are  needed  "  (i)  to 
more  effectually  safeguard  the  consumer  and  the  rate  payer  when 
monopolies  are  managed  by  private  proprietors;  (2)  to  check  ex- 
cessive municipal  trading;  and  (3)  to  render  mimicipal  trade  as 
little  harmful  as  possible." 

FooTE,  A.  R.  Cost  of  service  to  users  and  tax  payers:  the  only 
proper  basis  for  comparisons  between  private  and  municipal 
ownership  of  water,  gas  and  electric  lighting  works.  Cin- 
cinnati, 1897.    100  pp. 


Mimicipal  public  service  industries.    Chicago,  1899.    337 

pp. 

Powers  of  municipalities:    pp.  89-207. 

Cost  of  service  to  users  and  taxpayers:  pp.  211-247. 

Knoop,  Douglas.    Principles  and  methods  of  municipal  trading. 

London,  191 2.    409  pp. 

A  thorough  critical  and  historical  study.  The  author  concludes  that 
there  are  not  sufficient  facts  available  for  a  general  decision,  that  mu- 
nicipal trading  is  in  itself  imdesirable,  but  that  in  some  cases  it  is 
preferable  to  abuses  by  private  companies. 

309 


3IO  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTILITIES 

National  Civic  Federation.    Municipal  and  private  operation  of 
public  utilities.    New  York,  1907.    3  vols. 

Pt.  I,  vol.  i,  General  conclusions  and  reports. 

General  conclusions  and  report  to  the  commission. 

The  American  municipality.    W.  L.  Fisher. 

The  British  municipality.    F.  J.  Goodnow. 

The  labor  report.    J.  W.  Sullivan. 

Labor  and  politics.    J.  R.  Commons. 

Municipal  operation  versus  private  operation  of  municipal  noonopolies: 
General  introduction.    Frank  Parsons. 
American  conditions.    E.  W.  Bemis. 
G^  and  electricity  in  Great  Britain.    M.  R.  Maltbie. 
British  tramways.    Frank  Parsons. 

Analysis  and  interpretation  of  the  information  concerning  the  munici- 
pal ownership  of  public  utilities.    C.  L.  Edgar  and  Walton  Clark. 

British  tramways.    W.  J.  Clark. 

Pt.  II,  vol.  i,  Reports  of  experts:  United  States. 
I.  Waterworks. 

General  history  and  legislation.    J.  H.  Gray. 

Labor  and  politics.    J.  W.  Sullivan  and  J.  R.  Commons. 

Engineering  matters.    D.  H.  Maiuy. 

Finance  and  accounting.    Marwick,  Mitchell  &  Co. 
II.  Gas  Works. 

General  history  and  legislation.    J.  H.  Gray. 

Labor  and  politics.    J.  R.  Commons  and  J.  W.  Sullivan. 

Engineering  matters.    Frederick  Burdett  and  A.  E.  Forstali. 

Finance  and  accounting.    Marwick,  Mitchell  &  Co. 

The  relation  of  the  city  of  Philadelphia  to  the  gas  supply.   L.  S. 
Rowe. 

ni.  Electricity  supply. 

General  history  and  legislation.    William  Hard  and  J.  H.  Gray. 

Labor  and  politics.    J.  W.  Sullivan  and  J.  R.  Commons. 

Engineering  matters.   Theodore  Stebbins  and  C.  E.  Phelps,  Jr. 

Finance  and  accounting.    Marwick,  Mitchell  &  Co. 
Supplement. 

Labor  and  politics.    J.  R.  Conmions  and  J.  W.  Sullivan. 

IV.  Massachusetts  electricity  works.     A.   D.  Adams  and  Charles 
Prichard. 

Pt.  II,  vol.  ii,  Reports  of  experts:  United  Kingdom. 
I.  Gas,  electricity,  and  tramways. 

Labor  and  politics.    J.  R.  Commons  and  J.  W.  Sullivan. 
II.  Gas  works. 

General  history  and  legislation.    M.  R.  Maltbie. 
Engineering  matters.   William  Newbigging  and  J.  B.  Klumpp. 
Finance  and  accounting.   E.  H.  Turner  and  R.  C.  James. 


MUNICIPAL  OWNERSHIP 


3" 


in.  Electricity  supply. 

General  history  and  legislation.    M.  R.  Maltbie. 
Engineering  matters.    J.  B.  Klumpp  and  A.  E.  Winchester. 
Finance  and  accounting.    R.  C.  James  and  E.  H.  Turner. 

rV.  Street  railways. 

General  history  and  legislation.    M.  R.  Maltbie. 

Engineering  matters.    N.  McD.  Crawford  and  J.  H.  Woodward. 

Finance  and  accounting.    E.  H.  Turner  and  R.  C.  James. 

V.  General. 

Taxation  of  gas,  electricity  supply  and  tramway  imdertakings. 
M.  R.  Maltbie. 

Labor  and  politics:  further  answers  to  schedules.  J.  R.  Com- 
mons and  J.  W.  Sullivan. 

General  remarks  upon  financial  conditions.  R.  C.  James  and 
E.  H.  Turner. 

Minutes  of  hearings  in  London. 

British  tramway  history.    Frank  Parsons. 


Articles 

Agar,  J.  G.    The  problem  of  municipal  ownership.   Mimicipal 
Affairs,  vi,  511-514  (1902). 

American  Waterworks  Association.    A  discussion  of  depreciation 
and  a  comparison  of  rates  and  bookkeeping  methods  of 
municipally  and  privately  owned  waterworks.    Proc.,  Amer- 
ican Waterworks  Association,  xxxiii,  325-327  (1912). 
Brief  conmients  by  many  different  men. 

Ashley,  Percy.   Municipal  policy  and  state  control.   Economic 
Journal,  xiii,  11 2-1 20  (1903). 
On  the  current  municipal  ownership  situation  in  Great  Britain. 

Baker,  M.  N.    Mimicipal  ownership.    (In  Mimicipal  engineer- 
ing and  sanitation.    New  York,  1902.)    275-281. 

The  writer  believes  that  it  is  a  question  of  expediency  rather  than  of 
theory. 

Beard,  C.  A.    Municipal  ownership.    {In  American  city  govern- 
ment.   New  York,  191 2.)    218-241. 

A  discussion  of  the  theoretical  arguments  for  and  against  mimicipaliza- 
tion  with  a  brief  account  of  the  results  in  the  United  States. 


312  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Chase,  H.  S.  Maintenance  and  depreciation  charges  in  ac- 
counts of  public  service  corporations.  Journal  of  Account- 
ancy, iv,  1-9  (1907). 

On  the  need  for  proper  and  uniform  accounts  as  the  basis  for  comparisons 
of  municipal  and  private  ownership. 

Cleveland,  F.  A.    Municipal  ownership  as  a  form  of  govern- 
mental control.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Politi- 
cal and  Social  Science,  xxviii,  359-370  (1906). 
Somewhat  academic  discussion  of  conditions  necessary  for  success. 

Collier,  W.  R.  The  sale  of  current  to  municipally  owned  dis- 
tributing systems  by  central  stations.  Electrical  Review  and 
Western  Electrician,  kvii,  890-893  (1915). 

Embodies  the  results  of  a  study  in  Georgia,  illustrated  with  tables  and 
charts. 

Commons,  J.  R.  Municipal  administration  of  public  utilities. 
Independent,  liii,  2633-2636  (1901). 

The  writer  states  that  "  the  vital  problem  of  public  ownership  is  not 
economical  but  administrative,"  and  briefly  discusses  the  necessary 
administrative  conditions. 

DiVEN,  J.  M.    How  can  politics  be  eliminated  from  municipal 
waterworks?      Proc,    American   Waterworks   Association, 
xxvii,  400-410  (1907). 
Discussion:  pp.  411-415.    Popular. 

Edgar,  C.  L.,  and  Clark,  Walton.  Analyses  and  interpreta- 
tion of  the  information  concerning  the  mimicipal  ownership 
of  public  utilities  collected  by  the  investigators  of  the  National 
Civic  Federation.  {In  National  Civic  Federation.  Municipal 
and  private  operation  of  public  utilities.  New  York,  1907.) 
Pt.  I,  vol.  i,  303-443- 

Ely,  R.  T.    Municipal  ownership  of  natural  monopolies:   with 
a  note  on  the  establishment  of  a  parcels  post  and  the  national 
ownership  of  the  telephone,  telegraph   and   railway.     {In 
Studies  in  the  evolution  of  industrial  society.    New  York 
1903.)    225-254. 

An  elementary  discussion,  the  writer  favoring  municipal  ownership 
where  the  conditions  are  suitable. 


MUNICIPAL  OWNERSHIP 


313 


Fairlie,  J.  A.    Some  considerations  on  municipal  ownership  of 

public  utilities.     {In  Essays  in  municipal  administration. 

New  York,  1908.)    262-274. 

Elementary.  The  author  believes  that  the  decision  depends  on  local 
conditions,  but  that  the  cities  should  have  power  to  own  their  utilities. 

Fisher,  W.  L.    The  American  municipality.    {In  National  Civic 

Federation.     Municipal   and   private   operation  of  public 

utilities.    New  York,  1907.)    Pt.  I,  vol.  i,  33-42. 

On  the  character  of  municipal  government  in  the  United  States  as 
effecting  the  municipal  ownership  decision.  See  also  F.  J.  Goodnow, 
"  The  British  municipality." 

Francisco,  M.  J.  Municipal  ownership  vs.  private  corporations: 
with  legal  and  editorial  opinions,  tables,  and  cost  of  lights  as 
furnished  by  private  companies  and  mimicipal  plants,  with 
list  of  municipal  plants  that  have  been  sold  or  abandoned. 
Containing  also  a  comparison  of  English  and  American  gas 
and  raOway  plants.    Rutland,  1898.    150  pp. 

Garrison,  W.  L.    Establish  principle  and  let  methods  evolve. 

Moody's  Magazine,  ii,  504-506  (1906). 

In  Municipal  ownership  and  operation:  symposium. 

Brief  discussion,  advocating  single  tax  instead  of  municipal  ownership. 

Goodnow,  F.  J.  The  British  municipality.  {In  National  Civic 
Federation.  Mimicipal  and  private  operation  of  public  util- 
ities.   New  York,  1907.)    Pt.  I,  vol.  i,  43-59. 

On  the  character  of  municipal  government  in  Great  Britain  as  affecting 
the  municipal  ownership  decision.  See  also  W.  L.  Fisher,  "  The 
American  mxmicipality." 

Harrison,  John.     Municipal  trading.     Economic  Journal,  x, 
251-258  (1900). 
On  municipal  trading  in  Great  Britain. 

Humphreys,  A.  C.  Public  utilities.  Trans.,  International  Engi- 
neering Congress,  191 5:  482-524, 

Kerr,  W.  D.    Public  vs.  private  ownership.    Electric  Railway 

Journal,  xliv,  723-725  (1914). 

Deals  chiefly  with  the  effect  of  valuations  on  the  municipal  ownership 
movement. 


314  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

E^G,  C.  L.    Municipal  ownership  versus  adequate  regulation. 
{In  The  regulation  of  municipal  utilities.    New  York,  1912.) 

23-55- 

A  good  elementary  discussion.  The  writer  believes  that  eventual 
municipal  ownership  is  desirable  but  that  regulation  will  be  satisfac- 
tory until  this  is  expedient. 

Lowell,  A.  L.     Municipal  trading.     {In  The  government  of 
England.    2d  edition.    New  York,  191 2.)    ii,  233-267. 
A  good  general  discussion,  public  utilities  being  treated  only  incidentally. 

Lyons,  B.  F.    Municipal  ownership.    Progressive  Age,  xxiv,  39- 
46  (1906). 

Discussion  of  method  of  studying  results  of  existing  municipal  plants, 
with  analyses  of  the  results  in  Wheeling,  Manchester  and  Sheffield 
for  illustration. 

Municipal  ownership  of  gas  works.  Municipal  Engineering, 

[,  49-58  (1906). 


MUNICIPAL  OWNERSHIP 


3IS 


Maltbie,  M.  R.  Municipal  ownership.  {In  McLaughlin, 
A.  C,  and  Hart,  A.  B.  Cyclopedia  of  American  government. 
New  York,  1914.)    ii,  486-487. 

Mateer,  R.  B.    Municipal  ownership.    Journal  of  Electricity, 

Power  and  Gas,  xxxi,  344-345  (1913)- 

A  statement  of  some  of  the  conditions  which  cause  municipalization; 
very  brief,  but  concise. 

Matthews,  Nathan.    Administrative  provisions:  management 

of  water,  gas,  electric  light  and  similar  municipal  enterprises. 

{In  Municipal  charters.    Cambridge,  1914.)    82-89. 

A  good  discussion  of  the  provisions  in  the  dty  charter  which  make  for 
efficient  mimicipal  operation  of  public  utilities. 

Metz,  H.  a.  Why  municipal  service  is  expensive.  Moody's 
Magazine,  ii,  667-671  (1906). 

In  Mimidpal  ownership  and  operation:  symposium. 
An  argument  for  public  ownership  and  private  operation. 

MiCHAELis,  G.  V.  S.  Is  municipal  ownership  a  dream  ?  Moody's 
Magazine,  ii,  538-541  (1906). 
In  Mimicipal  ownership  and  operation:  symposium. 
On  the  question  of  whether  we  are  ready  for  municipal  ownership  as  yet. 


Moody's  Magazine.   Municipal  ownership  and  operation:  sym- 
posium.   Moody's  Magazine,  ii,  500-544,  639-674  (1906). 
Cause  of  municipal  ownership  agitation.    E.  W.  Burdett. 
Establish  principle  and  let  methods  evolve.    W.  L.  Garrison. 
Cleveland's  street  railway  problems.    H.  T.  Newcomb. 
Municipal  ownership  in  Cleveland.    F.  C.  Howe. 
Municipal  ownership  a  delusion.    Henry  Clews. 
Municipal  ownership  a  business  problem.    Calvm  Tomkins. 
Municipal  ownership  uneconomic.    W.  W.  Freeman. 
Municipal  ownership  in  Chicago.    E.  F.  Dunne. 
Municipal  ownership  always  a  failure.    T.  C.  Martin. 
Public  service  should  be  free.    L.  F.  C.  Garvin. 
Great  Britain's  lesson.    H.  R.  Meyer. 
The  political  principle  of  public  ownership.    L.  F.  Post. 
Is  municipal  ownership  a  dream  ?    G.  V.  S.  Michaelis. 
Reasons  for  municipal  ownership.    John  Ford. 
Public  interest  demands  public  ownership.    Frank  Parsons. 
Municipal  ownership  costly  and  dangerous.    Arthur  Williams. 
Municipal  ownership  for  all  public  utilities.    T.  L.  Johnson. 
Glasgow  and  its  municipal  tramways.    E.  W.  Hamlen. 
Municipal  ownership  to  purify  politics.    D.  F.  Wilcox. 
Omaha's  experience.    E.  W.  Mayo. 
Municipal  ownership  would  stop  corruption.    W.  P.  Hill. 
Why  municipal  service  is  expensive.    H.  A.  Metz. 
Standard  reports  and  imiform  accounting.    Harvey  Chase* 

Moore,  C.  E.  Experience  with  a  municipal  gas  plant.  Public 
Service,  ii,  51-52  (1907). 

History  of  municipal  ownership  in  Santa  Clara,  with  conclusions  as  to 
the  general  desirability  of  municipal  ownership. 

Parsons,  Frank.  The  legal  aspects  of  monopoly.  {In  Bemis, 
E.  W.  Municipal  monopolies.  4th  edition.  New  York, 
1904.)    425-501- 

A  good,  annotated  discussion  of  the  right  of  cities  to  engage  in  business, 
to  compete  with  private  plants,  to  take  property  by  condemnation, 
to  prevent  the  use  of  injurious  business  methods  and  to  regulate 
rates  and  service. 


• Municipal  operation  versus  private  operation  of  mimicipal 

monopolies:  general  introduction.  {In  National  Civic  Feder- 
ation. Municipal  and  private  operation  of  public  utilities. 
New  York,  1907.)    Pt.  I,  vol.  i,  1 13-122. 

Pearson,  George.     Municipal  trading.     Electrical  Engineer, 
new  series,  xxiii,  753-757  (1899). 

The  writer  tabulates  and  discusses  the  arguments  for  and  against  mu- 
nicipal ownership,  the  conclusions  favoring  municipalization. 


3i6 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


MUNICIPAL  OWNERSHIP 


317 


Perrine,  F.  a.  C.  Validity  of  electric  light  comparisons.  {In 
Bemis,  E.  W.  Municipal  monopolies.  4th  edition,  New 
York,  1904.)    286-296. 

Appendix  to  E.  W.  Bemis,  "  The  latest  electric  light  reports." 
Includes  two  charts. 

Post,  L.  F.  The  political  principle  of  public  ownership.  Moody's 
Magazine,  ii,  535-537  (1906). 

In  Municipal  ownership  and  operation:  symposium. 
An  argument  for  private  management  of  private  functions  and  public 
management  of  public  functions. 

Randolph,  C.  F.    Municipal  ownership  of  public  utilities.  Yale 
Law  Journal,  xxii,  355-382,  461-489  (1913)- 
An  excellent  and  readable  work  on  municipal  ownership  and  the  law. 

RowE,  L.  S.  Fundamental  principles  involved  in  municipal 
ownership.  {In  Problems  of  city  government.  New  York, 
1908.)    271-280. 

The  conclusion  is  that  the  desirability  of  municipal  ownership  depends 
on  local  conditions. 

Municipal  ownership  and  operation:  the  value  of  foreign  ex- 
perience.   American  Journal  of  Sociology,  xii,  241-253  (1906). 

Considers  the  results  abroad  of  interest  and  as  offering  valuable  lessons, 
but  not  of  great  weight  in  making  the  final  decision  here,  because  of 
different  conditions.    Favors  municipal  ownership. 

The  same  article,  with  the  omission  of  a  few  paragraphs,  b  printed  in 
the  Proc.,  National  Conference  for  Good  City  Government. 

{In  Problems  of  city  government.    New  York,  1908.) 

33<>-349- 
Reprint. 

Proc.,  National  Conference  for  Good  City  Govern- 
ment, 1906:  280-290. 

Shepard,  E.  M.    City  owning  and  leasing.    Municipal  Affairs, 
vi,  714-720  (1902). 
Rapid  transit. 

Shepardson,  G.  D.  Why  some  municipal  electric  plants  do  not 
pay  better.    Electrical  Review,  xxxvii,  37,  52-55  (1900). 

Discusses  argiunents  for  and  against  municipalization  and  conditions 
necessary  for  success. 


Shepardson,  G.  D.  Why  some  municipal  electric  plants  do  not 
pay  better.  Electrical  Review  and  Western  Electrician, 
xxxvii,  3752-3755  (1900). 

Municipal  Engineering,  xix,  103-108  (1900). 

Shibley,  G.  H.  Referendum  and  initiative  in  relation  to  mu- 
nicipal ownership.    Municipal  Affairs,  vi,  781-786  (1902). 

Under  majority  rule  through  the  initiative  and  referendum,  the  writer 
advocates  municipal  ownership. 

Simpson,  J.  Municipal  powers  re.  lighting  plants.  Municipal 
Journal,  xxxviii,  880-883  (1915). 

A  brief  review  of  court  decisions  as  to  the  powers  of  the  municipality 
with  reference  to  municipal  ownership  of  electric  lighting. 

Taussig,  F.  W.     Public  ownership  and  public  control.     {In 
Principles  of  Economics,  New  York,  1913.)    397-418. 
Elementary;  very  good. 

TiEDEMAN,  C.  G.  Government  ownership  of  public  utilities: 
from  the  standpoint  of  constitutional  limitations.  Harvard 
Law  Review,  xvi,  476-490  (1903). 

TiGHE,  J.  L.    Municipal  water  supply  revenue.    Journal  of  the 

New  England  Waterworks  Association,  xviii,  352-387  (1904). 

An  argument  against  using  profits  from  mimidpal  enterprises  to  relieve 
taxation. 

ToMKiNS,  Calvin.    Municipal  ownership  a  business  problem. 

Moody's  Magazine,  ii,  517-519  (1906). 

In  Mimicipal  ownership  and  operation:  symposium. 
The  writer  believes  that  economic  considerations  should  govern  the 
decision. 

Wagner,  B.  M.  The  acquisition  of  private  water  plants  by 
municipalities.  Journal  of  the  American  Waterworks  Asso- 
ciation, ii,  25-41  (191 5). 

Discussion :  pp.  582-584.   A  good  brief  account  of  methods  of  municipal 
acquisition  and  of  valuation  for  condenmation. 

Warner,  C.  A.     What's  wrong  with  municipal  ownership  ? 

Journal  of  Electricity,  Power  and  Gas,  xxxiii,  504-506  (1914). 

A  popular  analysis  of  the  weak  points  in  municipal  ownership,  with 
suggested  remedies. 


fiii 


!«l 


^lim 


318  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Whinery,  Samuel.  Municipal  ownership.  {In  Municipal 
public  works:  their  inception,  construction  and  manage- 
ment.   New  York,  1903.)    189-218. 

A  good  elementary  discussion;   the  writer  believes  that  a  general  de- 
cision cannot  be  made  as  yet. 

Wilcox,  D.  F.    The  control  of  public  utiUties.    {In  The  Ameri- 
can city:  a  problem  in  democracy.   New  York,  191 1.)    52-90. 
A  very  good  elementary  discussion.   The  writer  favors  municipal  owner- 
ship as  a  theory,  but  believes  proper  franchise  control  to  be  better 
for  the  present. 

Effects  of  state  regulation  upon  the  municipal  ownership 

movement.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political 
and  Social  Science,  liii,  71-84  (1914). 
An  excellent  discussion. 

Fundamental  planks  in  a  public  utility  program.    Annals 

of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science, 
Ivii,  8-19  (1915). 

Maintains  that  preparation  should  be  made  for  ultimate  municipal  owner- 
ship (pp.  16-19). 

American  City,  xi,  480-485  (1914). 

Abstract. 

Public  utility  advice  from  the  public  point  of  view.   Ameri- 
can City,  viii,  264-266  (1913). 
Advice  to  the  cities  in  preparation  for  ultimate  municipal  ownership. 

Wiles,  C.  W.  Ownership  of  public  utilities.  Proc.,  American 
Waterworks  Association,  xxviii,  501-504  (1908). 

Willcox,  W.  F.  Methods  of  determining  the  economic  pro- 
ductivity of  municipal  enterprises.  American  Journal  of 
Sociology,  ii,  378-391  (1896). 

Winchester,  A.  E.    South  Norwalk's  municipal  electric  works. 
Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 
Science,  Ivii,  228-245  (1915)- 
Historical,  with  comparison  of  the  private  and  municipal  plants.  Some 

general  discussion  of  municipal  ownership.    Believes  that  success 

depends  on  local  conditions. 

Woodward,  Park.     Municipal  ownership.     Proc.,  American 
Waterworks  Association,  xxx,  123-127  (1910). 
A  very  brief  review  of  arguments  for  and  against,  the  conclusion  being 
that  municipal  ownership  freed  from  politics  is  desirable. 


MUNICIPAL  OWNERSHIP 


IN  FAVOR 


319 


Adams,  A.  D.  Cause  and  results  of  municipal  gas  plants.  Mu- 
nicipal Affairs,  vi,  648-655  (1902). 

Cost  of  mimicipal  vs.  private  gas.    Municipal  Journal  and 

Engineer,  xv,  13-14  (1903). 

The  writer  asserts  that  municipal  plants  are  more  economically  managed 
than  private.  Includes  an  analytical  table  of  the  average  cost  of  gas 
in  the  private  and  municipal  plants  of  each  state. 

Adams,  H.  C.  Municipal  ownership  and  corrupt  politics.  Out- 
look, Ixx,  726-727  (1902). 

A  popular  article  in  favor  of  municipal  ownership  of  street  railways. 
The  writer  believes  that  the  decision  in  regard  to  government  owner- 
ship of  railways  and  municipal  ownership  of  street  railways  is  not 
necessarily  the  same. 

Baker,  M.  N.    Waterworks.     {In  Bemis,  E.  W.     Municipal 

monopolies.    4th  edition.    New  York,  1904.)    3-52. 

A  thorough  comparative  and  critical  study  of  municipal  and  private 
operation  of  waterworks  in  the  United  States,  and  an  analysis  of  the 
arguments  for  and  against  municipalization.  The  writer  favors  mu- 
nicipal ownership;  includes  many  tables  of  statistics. 

Bemis,  E.  W.,  and  Ingram,  F.  F.  How  the  people  should  ac- 
quire public  utilities:  a  criticism  of  Mr.  Brown's  paper. 
Arena,  xxxiv,  45-47  (1905). 

A  good  criticism  of  W.  R.  Brown,  "  Mimidpal  ownership  and  league 
organization  "  by  two  advocates  of  municipalization. 

Municipal  monopolies.     New  York,  1899.     4th  edition, 

1904.    691  pp. 

Waterworks.    M.  N.  Baker. 

Municipal  electric  lighting.    J.  R.  Commons. 

The  latest  electric  light  reports.    E.  W.  Bemis. 

Appendix:  validity  of  electric  light  comparisons.    F.  A.  C.  Perrine. 

The  telephone.    Frank  Parsons. 

Municipal  franchises  in  New  York.    Max  West. 

Legal  a^3ects  of  monopoly.    Frank  Parsons. 

Street  railways.    E.  W.  Bemis. 

Gas.   £.  W.  Bemis. 

Regulation  or  ownership.    £.  W.  Bemis. 

A  very  good  symposiiun  favoring  municipal  ownership;  now  somewhat 
out  of  date. 


^^1'  iWi 


pm 


320  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Bemis,  E.  W.  Municipal  ownership  of  gas  in  the  U.  S. 
PubKcations,  American  Economic  Association,  vi,  295-471 
(1891). 

Extensive  study,  with  many  tables  of  data  and  some  discussion. 

Regulation  or  ownership.    {In  Municipal  monopolies.    4th 

edition.    New  York,  1904.)    631-680. 

A  general  historical  review  and  analysis,  the  conclusion  being  in  favor  of 
municipal  ownership. 

Brown,  G.  S.    Municipal  ownership  of  public  utilities.    North 
American  Review,  clxxxii,  701-708  (1906). 

Brown,  W.  R,    Municipal  ownership  and  league  organization. 
Arena,  xxxiii,  377-382  (1905). 

The  writer  offers  a  unique  solution  of  the  municipal  ownership  problem. 
He  advocates  (i)  municipal  purchase  with  amortization  of  the  cost 
through  reduced  interest  charges,  (2)  the  formation  of  an  interstate 
city  league  to  give  moral  and  statistical  aid,  and  (3)  necessary  changes 
of  existing  laws. 

For  a  reply,  see  E.  W.  Bemis  and  F.  F.  Ingram,  "  How  the  people  should 
acquu-e  pubhc  utihties:  a  criticism  of  Mr.  Brown's  paper." 

Burns,  John.  Municipal  ownership  a  blessing.  Independent, 
Ix,  44^452  (1906). 

Commons,  J.  R.  Municipal  electric  Ughting.  Municipal  Aflfairs, 
h  631-673  (1897). 

A  thorough  comparative  and  critical  study  of  municipal  and  private 
operation  of  electric  hghting  plants  in  the  United  States.  Includes 
many  tables  of  statistics  of  operation  and  of  rates.  The  writer  favors 
miuucipal  ownership. 

(^«   Bemis,   E.   W.     Municipal   monopoHes.     4th 
edition.    New  York,  1904.)    55-180. 
Reprint. 

Grosser,  Robert.  Why  I  beUeve  in  municipal  ownership. 
Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 
Science,  Ivii,  282-292  (191 5). 

Cutting,  R.  F.  Public  ownership  and  social  conscience.  Mu- 
nicipal Affairs,  iv,  3-12  (1900). 

The  writer  believes  that  as  municipal  ownership  promotes  good  govern- 
ment, it  is  better  not  to  wait  for  good  government  before  adopting  it. 


MUNICIPAL  OWNERSHIP 


321 


Donald,  Robert.    The  case  for  municipal  trading.    Contem- 
porary Review,  Ixxxiii,  485-500,  623-639  (1903). 

An  answer  to  various  arguments  against  municipal  ownership  in  Great 
Britain,  with  an  analysis  of  results.    Includes  tables  of  statistics. 

Municipal  trading:    a  defense.     Contemporary  Review, 

Ixxviii,  227-240  (1900). 

A  reply  to  J.  L.  Avebury,  "  Municipal  trading."    Answers  each  argu- 
ment in  turn. 

The  principles  of  municipal  ownership.     Outlook,  Ixxxii, 


504-511  (1906). 

Recent  attacks  on  municipal  ownership  in  Great  Britain. 

Municipal  Affairs,  vi,  579-613  (1902). 

Historical  and  critical  analysis,  in  answer  to  attacks  on  municipal  owner- 
ship, which  the  writer  asserts  are  stimulated  by  people  interested  in 
the  companies.    Includes  many  tables  of  statistics. 

Ely,  R.  T.    Municipal  ownership  of  natural  monopolies.    North 

American  Review,  clxxii,  445-455  (1901). 

A  good  argument  for  municipal  ownership  in  general.  The  writer 
opposes  the  view  that  the  desirability  must  be  separately  decided  for 
each  city.  He  believes  that  even  though  our  municipal  governments 
at  present  may  be  incapable  of  properly  operating  the  utilities,  mu- 
nicipalization would  itself  bring  about  better  conditions. 

Ford,   John.     Reasons   for   municipal   ownership.     Moody's 
Magazine,  ii,  542-544  (1906). 
In  Municipal  ownership  and  operation:  symposium. 

FouLKE,  W.  D.  Conservation  in  municipalities.    Proc.,  National 
Conference  for  Good  City  Government,  19 10:   12-21. 

Garvin,  L.  F.  C.     Public  service  should  be  free.     Moody's 
Magazine,  ii,  530-531  (1906). 

In  Mimicipal  ownership  and  operation:  symposium. 
Favors  single  tax  and  municipal  ownership. 

Gladden,  Washington.     Public  service  companies  and  city 

governments.    Outlook,  Ixvi,  502-508  (1900). 

The  writer  advocates  municipal  ownership  to  lessen  corruption.  Al- 
though not  a  panacea,  he  believes  that  through  municipal  ownership 
runs  the  path  of  least  resistance  to  better  government. 


322  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  VTIUTIES 

Grout,  E.  M.    New  York  City  should  own  the  gas  supply.   Mu- 
nicipal Affairs,  i,  225-244  (1897). 
A  popular  study. 

For  a  reply,  see  A.  R.  Foote,  "  No  government  should  operate  an  in- 
dustry." *^ 

Harrison,  C.  H.  The  regulation  of  public  utilities.  Annals  of 
the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  Ivii, 
54-61  (1915). 

Hatton,  T.  C.  Municipal  ownership  of  water  supplies.  Proc, 
American  Society  of  Municipal  Improvements,  1904:  137- 
141. 

Hill,   W.   P.     Municipal  ownership  would  stop  corruption. 
Moody's  Magazine,  ii,  662-667  (1906). 
In  Municipal  ownership  and  operation:  symposium. 

Howe,  F.  C.  The  case  for  municipal  ownership.  Proc,  Ameri- 
can Political  Science  Association,  ii,  89-104  (1905). 

Discussion:  pp.  113-125.    Advocates  municipal  ownership  for  govern- 
mental  rather  than  economic  reasons. 

Publications,  American   Economic  Association,  3d 
series,  vii,  113-132  (1906). 

The  way  out:   municipal  ownership.     {In  The  city:    the 
hope  of  democracy.    New  York,  1906.)    113-135. 

Ingram,  F.  F.  Municipal  ownership  and  operation  versus  private 
ownership  or  control.    Arena,  xxxi,  458-463  (1904). 

The  writer  beheves  that  regulation  is  a  failure  and  that  city  ownership 
and  leasmg  is  worse  than  private  ownership. 

Should  the  people  or  the  corporations  light  our  cities  ? 
Arena,  xxx,  392-400  (1903). 

An  arg^ent  for  municipal  ownership,  illustrated  by  a  comparison  of 
municipal  and  private  management  in  Detroit. 

James,  E.  J.    The  relation  of  the  modem  municipality  to  the 
gas  supply.    PubKcations,  American  Economic  Association 
i,  54-122  (1886).  ' 

A  thorough,  but  early  study  of  the  gas  industry  in  various  countries 
and  Its  municipalization.  * 


MUNICIPAL  OWNERSHIP 


323 


Johnson,  T.  L.    Municipal  ownership  for  all  public  utilities. 

Moody's  Magazine,  ii,  649-651  (1906). 

In  Municipal  ownership  and  operation:  symposium. 
Asserts  that  municipal  ownership  would  purify  politics  and  give  better 
and  cheaper  service. 

King,  C.  L.    Municipal  ownership  versus  adequate  regulation. 
{In  The  regulation  of  municipal  utilities.    New  York,  191 2.) 

23-55- 

A  good  elementary  discussion.  The  writer  believes  that  eventual  mu- 
nicipal ownership  is  desirable  but  that  regulation  will  be  satisfactory 
until  this  is  expedient. 

Municipal  ownership  vs.  regulation.  New  Republic,  i,  12-14 


(1914). 

A  report  of  the  conclusions  of  the  Conference  of  American  mayors,  and 
a  popular  statement  of  the  reasons  for  the  tendency  towards  mu- 
nicipalization. 

Leber,  0.  H.  Ownership  of  municipal  monopolies.  Municipal 
Journal  and  Engineer,  xvii,  14-16  (1904). 

Maltbie,  M.  R.  a  tale  of  two  cities:  water  supply  in  London 
and  Philadelphia.    Municipal  Affairs,  iii,  193-214  (1899). 

An  historical  and  comparative  study  of  the  private  supply  in  London, 
and  the  municipal  supply  in  Philadelphia,  favoring  municipal  owner- 
ship; includes  tables  of  statistics. 

Martin,  John.     Business  thrift  in  American  and  European 

dries,  especially  with  respect  to  franchises.    Proc.,  National 

Conference  for  Good  City  Government,  1905:   154-169. 

A  popular  discussion  of  mimicipal  ownership  experience  in  various 
places,  the  writer  favoring  municipalization. 

Mateer,  R.  B.    Mimicipal  ownership.    Journal  of  Electricity, 

Power  and  Gas,  xxxi,  344-345  (1913). 

A  statement  of  some  of  the  conditions  which  cause  municipalizarion; 
very  brief  and  concise. 

National  Civic  Federation.  Shall  the  government  own  and 
operate  the  railroads,  the  telegraph  and  telephone  systems  ? 
Shall  the  municipalities  own  their  utilities  ?  Affirmative  side. 
New  York,  191 5.    108  pp. 


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I 


'ti! 


324  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Parker,  F.  W.    Municipal  ownership  and  graft.    World  Today, 
ix,  721-724  (1905). 

Parsons,  Frank.    City  ownership  and  operation  of  street  rail- 
ways.   Arena,  xxv,  198-209  (1901). 

An  interesting  popular  argument  for  public  ownership,  in  the  form  of 
questions  and  answers. 

,  and  Roberts,  F.  H.  H.     Municipal  ownership  debated. 

Public  Service,  i,  67-75  (1906). 

Papers  before  League  of  American  municipalities. 

"  For."    Frank  Parsons,    pp.  68-72. 

"  Against."    F.  H.  H.  Roberts,    pp.  72-75. 

Public    interest    demands    public    ownership.      Moody's 

Magazine,  ii,  639-643  (1906). 
In  Municipal  ownership  and  operation:  symposium. 
Opposes  use  of  public  streets  for  private  gain,  and  asserts  that  private 
ownership  of  utilities  causes  corruption. 

Public  ownership.     {In  The  city  for  the  people.    Phila- 
delphia, 1900  ?)    17-254. 

An  arraignment  of  the  public  service  corporations  for  alleged  abuses 
and  corruption,  and  an  argument  for  municipal  ownership.  Includes 
many  quotations  from  other  writers  and  some  statistics;  very  popular 
in  style. 

Arena,  xxix,  1 18-124  (1903). 

A  popular  argument  for  municipal  ownership,  including  a  list  of  ten 
reasons  for  great  economies  effected  thereby. 


MUNICIPAL  OWNERSHIP 


32s 


.f' 


Public  ownership  and  low  rates.    Annals  of  the  American 

Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  xxiv,  361-363  (1904). 

Attempt  to  prove  that  public  ownership  tends  to  lower  rates.   Theoreti- 
cal; with  one  chart. 

Potts,  A.  F.    A  successful  substitute  for  municipal  ownership. 
Municipal  Engineering,  xiv,  181-187  (1898). 
An  account  of  the  Consumers'  gas  trust  of  Indianapolis. 

American  Monthly  Review  of  Reviews,  xx,  576-578 

(1899). 

Priestly,  C.  H.    Municipal  ownership  of  water  undertakings. 
Trans.,  British  Association   of   Waterworks   Engineers,  x, 
114-121  (1905). 
Discussion:  pp.  122-136. 


RosEWATER,  Victor.     The  case  for  municipal  ownership  of 
electric  lighting.    Municipal  Affairs,  vi,  622-635  (1902). 

RowE,  L.  S.    Municipal  ownership  and  operation:   the  value  of 
foreign  experience.    American  Journal  of  Sociology,  xii,  241- 

253  (1906)- 

Considers  the  results  abroad  of  interest  and  as  offering  valuable  lessons, 

but  not  of  great  weight  in  making  the  final  decision  here,  because  of 

different  conditions.    Favors  municipal  ownership. 
The  same  article,  with  the  omission  of  a  few  paragraphs,  is  printed  in 

the  Proc.,  National  Conference  for  Good  City  Government. 

(In  Problems  of  city  government.    New  York,  1908.) 

330^349- 
Reprint. 

Proc.,  National  Conference  for  Good  City  Govern- 
ment, 1906:   280-290. 

RoYSE,  C.  A.  Will  public  ownership  increase  or  diminish  politi- 
cal corruption  ?    Arena,  xxxviii,  373-384  (1907). 

An  historical  sketch  of  political  corruption  in  England  from  the  earliest 
times.  The  writer  concludes  that  public  ownership  of  monopolies  will 
decrease  corruption. 

Shaw,  G.  B.    The  common  sense  of  municipal  trading.    London, 
1908.    120  pp. 
A  very  interesting  argument  for  mimidpal  socialism. 

Shepard,  E.  M.    City  owning  and  leasing.    Municipal  Affairs, 
vi,  714-720  (1902). 
Rapid  transit. 

SmBLEY,  G.  H.  Referendum  and  initiative  in  relation  to  mu- 
nicipal ownership.    Municipal  Affairs,  vi,  781-786  (1902). 

Under  majority  rule  through  the  initiative  and  referendimi,  the  writer 
advocates  municipal  ownership. 

Thompson,  CD.  Municipal  ownership.  {In  National  Civic 
Federation.  Shall  the  government  own  and  operate  the 
railroads,  etc.    Affirmative  side.    New  York,  191 5.)    71-108. 

Warner,  J.  DeW.    Should  greater  New  York  operate  its  street 
railways  ?    Yes.    Municipal  Affairs,  i,  421-457  (1897). 
A  popular,  annotated  study. 


im 


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I 


!:ii 


m;: 


326 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


Wilcox,  D.  F.   Municipal  ownership.    {In  Municipal  franchises. 
New  York,  191 1.)    ii,  803-809. 

Municipal  ownership  to  purify  politics.    Moody's  Maga- 


zine, ii,  655-658  (1906). 

In  Municipal  ownership  and  operation:  symposium. 

Zangerle,  J.  A.     The  larger  view  of  municipal  ownership. 
Cleveland,  1906  ?    67  pp. 
An  attempt  to  "  divert  public  sentiment  from  the  dollar  view." 

ZuEBLiN,  Charles.    Municipal  ownership.    {In  American  mu- 
nicipal progress.    Revised  edition.    New  York,  191 6.)    359- 

375- 

OPPOSED 

Agar,  J.  G.     Shall  American  cities  municipalize  ?    Value  of 

foreign  experience  as  a  guide.    Municipal  Affairs,  iv,  13-23 

(1900). 

A  popular  description  of  municipal  ownership  in  England  and  Germany, 
and  a  comi>arison  with  American  conditions.  Opposes  municipal 
ownership  in  America  for  the  present. 

Allen,  W.  S.     The  gas  supply  and  the  public.     Municipal 
Affairs,  vi,  656-667  (1902). 
The  writer  advocates  the  sliding  scale  as  preferable  to  municipalization. 

Some  problems  of  public  ownership.    North  American  Re- 


view, cxcvii,  8r-2i  (1913). 

An  interesting,  popular  discussion,  the  writer  favoring  proper  regulation 
instead  of  municipal  ownership,  based  on  logic  and  experience. 

AvEBURY,  J.  L.  The  effect  of  municipal  trading  on  private 
enterprise.  {In  On  municipal  and  national  trading.  New 
York,  1907.) 

A  popular  argument  against  municipal  ownership,  with  many  quotations 
from  other  writers. 

Municipal  trading.    Contemporary  Review,  Ixxviii,  28-37 

(1900). 

On  current  legislation;    discusses  public  utilities  only  incidentally. 
For  a  reply,  see  Robert  Donald,  "  Municipal  trading:  a  defense." 


MUNICIPAL  OWNERSHIP 


327 


' 


Blake,  H.  W.  Contrast  between  company  and  municipal  owner- 
ship and  management  of  public  utilities.  Street  Railway 
Journal,  xxvi,  28-31  (1905)- 

Considers  the  results  of  municipal  ownership  in  Great  Britain,  and  ap- 
plies them  to  conditions  in  the  United  States. 

Bond,  Walter.    Municipal  trading.    Fortnightly  Review,  Ixxii 
(new  series,  Ixvi),  669-682  (1899). 
On  "  the  fallacious  arguments  "  for  municipal  trading. 

Bourne,  Jonathan,  Jr.    Evils  of  government  ownership.  Proc, 
American  Electric  Railway  Association,  1915:   114-120. 
Discriminations  and  politics. 

Aera,  iv,  177-183  (1915)- 

Reprint. 

BowKER,  R.  R.    Public  control,  ownership  or  operation  of  mu- 
nicipal   franchises?     With    especial    reference   to   electric 
lighting.    Municipal  Affairs,  i,  605-630  (1897). 
Includes  a  discussion  of  the  results  of  municipal  ownership  in  various 
cities,  United  Sutes  and  foreign. 

Brown,  W.  H.     Public  ownership  and  popular  government. 

American  Journal  of  Sociology,  xii,  328-340  (1906). 

The  writer  believes  the  municipal  ownership  movement  is  due  to 
dissatisfaction  with  the  conduct  of  the  private  companies,  and  re- 
sentment against  large  aggregations  of  capital.  Advocates  proper 
regulation  as  the  best  solution  of  the  problem. 

BuRDETT,  E.  W.  The  agitation  for  municipal  ownership  in  the 
United  States:  its  origin,  meaning  and  proper  treatment. 
Proc.,  National  Electric  Light  Association,  1906;    vol.  i, 

537-555- 

The  writer  believes  it  due  very  largely  to  resentment  against  abuses  of 
great  wealth  and  corporate  facilities.  After  an  analysis  of  municipal 
ownership  results  in  Great  Britain,  which  he  considers  less  successful 
than  commonly  thought,  he  concludes  that  success  there  would  not 
mean  success  here. 

Cause  of  municipal  ownership  agitation.    Moody's  Mag- 
azine, ii,  501-503  (1906). 
In  Municipal  ownership  and  operation:  S5rmposium. 


h\k 


328  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTILITIES 

BURDETT,  E.  W.  Municipal  ownership  in  Great  Britain.  Jour- 
nal  of  Political  Economy,  xiv,  257-314  (1906). 
An  exceUent  and  thorough  study  of  results,  with  tables  of  statistics, 
rhe  wnter  concludes  that  as  a  whole  municipal  ownership  there  has 
not  been  successful,  and  that  success  would  not  mean  similar  results 
in  this  country  because  of  diflFerent  conditions.  These  conditions  are 
also  analyzed,  and  there  is  a  good  summary. 


Municipal  ownership  in  the  United  States.  Inter-Nation, 
n.  s.  no.  3,  44-60  (1906). 

Cahoon,  J.  B.    A  business  argument  against  municipal  owner- 
ship.   City  Government,  vii,  78-80  (1899). 

Municipal  electric  lighting  opposed.  Municipal  Affairs 
VI,  636-647  (1902).  ' 

A  critical  analysis  of  results  in  the  United  States;   with  a  table  of  sta- 
tistics. 

Clark,  W.  J.    The  figures  in  the  case.    Public  Service,  iv.  80- 
94(1908). 

Relates  chiefly  to  municipal  ownership  in  Great  Britain. 

Municipal  ownership  in  Great  Britain  and  in  the  United 
States.  Proc,  American  Street  and  Interurban  Railway 
Association,  1907:   271-284. 

A  comparison  of  English  and  American  street  railways,  with  analysis 
of  results.    The  conclusions  are  strongly  in  favor  of  private  operaUon. 

Clews,  Henry.     Municipal  ownership  a  delusion.     Moody's 
Magazine,  ii,  515-516  (1906). 
In  Municipal  ownership  and  operation:  symposium. 

Cravath,  J.  R.   The  municipal  ownership  of  electric  light  plants. 

World  Today,  xii,  374-379  (1907). 

A  very  good  popular  discussion,  the  conclusion  being  that  private 
ownership  is  preferable  for  the  present  and  municipal  ownership 
eventually.  *^ 

Daniels,  W.  M.    Municipal  ownership.    Proc,  American  Po- 
litical Science  Association,  ii,  105-113  (1905). 
Discussion:  pp.  113-125.    The  writer  beheves  that  the  desirability  of 
mumapal  ownership  is  not  proved;  and  that  economic  considerations 
are  of  great  importance  in  making  a  decision. 


MUNICIPAL  OWNERSHIP 


329 


Daniels,  W.  M.    Municipal  ownership.    Publications,  American 

Economic  Association,  3d  series,  vii,  133-143  (1906). 

Advocates  franchise  taxation  and  compensation  instead  of  municipal 
ownership. 

Davies,  D.  H.    The  cost  of  municipal  enterprise.    Journal  of 

the  Society  of  Arts,  xlvii,  224-237  (1899). 

An  argument  against  municipal  ownership  because  of  increasing  mu- 
nicipal indebtedness,  and  answers  to  various  arguments;  includes 
tables  and  charts. 

The  cost  of  municipal  trading.    Journal  of  the  Society  of 


Arts,  Ii,  189-203  (1903). 

DoHERTY,  H.  L.  Some  features  of  municipal  ownership.  Ameri- 
can Gas  Light  Journal,  Ixxix,  684-688  (1903). 

A  discussion  of  arguments  for  and  against  municipalization,  the  writer 
considering  municipal  ownership  largely  a  fad,  prompted  by  dislike 
for  all  corporations. 

FooTE,  A.  R.    Municipal  ownership  problem  solved.    Moody's 
Magazine,  iii,  720-726  (1907). 
Regulation  is  stated  to  be  the  solution. 

No  government  should  operate  an  industry.     Municipal 

Affairs,  i,  245-289  (1897). 

A  reply  to  E.  M.  Grout,  "  New  York  City  should  own  the  gas  supply." 

Francis,  V.  H.  Why  municipal  plants  are  failures.  Public 
Service,  xiii,  27-32  (1912). 

Francisco,  M.  J.  Municipal  ownership:  its  fallacy,  with  legal 
and  editorial  opinions,  tables  and  cost  of  lights  as  furnished 
by  private  companies  and  municipal  plants.  Rutland,  1893. 
104  pp. 

Freeman,  W.  W.    Municipal  ownership  uneconomic.    Moody's 
Magazine,  ii,  520-521  (1906). 
In  Municipal  ownership  and  operation:  symposium. 

Gaskill,  D.  L.  Causes  of  failures  in  municipal  lighting.  Con- 
cerning Municipal  Ownership,  iii,  215-218,  235-238  (1908). 

Public  Service,  v,  88-90  (1908). 


330  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

GoNDEN,  H.  J.     Regulation  vs.  municipal  ownership.     Public 
Service,  iii,  105-107  (1907). 

Robbing  Peter.    Public  Service,  xvii,  37-38  (1914). 

Discusses  concealment  in  municipal  plant  reports. 

GuYOT,  Yves.  Where  and  why  public  ownership  has  failed. 
New  York,  1914.   459  pp. 

Book  I.  Public  and  private  trading  operations. 

n.  Financial  results  of  government  and  municipal  ownership. 

III.  Administrative  results. 

IV.  Political  and  social  consequence  of  public  operation. 

Hamlen,  E.  W.    Glasgow  and  its  municipal  tramways.   Moody's 
Magazine,  ii,  652-655  (1906). 
In  Municipal  ownership  and  operation:  symposium. 
A  brief  comparison  of  Glasgow  and  Boston  traction,  favoring  private 
ownership. 

HiGGiNS,  E.  E.  Municipal  and  private  management  of  street 
railways:  a  study  of  results  and  possibilities.  Municipal 
Affairs,  i,  458-490  (1897). 

A  long,  popular  discussion,  with  tables  and  diagrams.  The  writer  is 
strongly  opposed  to  municipal  ownership,  and  favors  profit  sharing 
and  other  contractual  regulations. 

Hill,  J.  W.    Municipal  ownership  of  public  utilities.    Proc., 
Central  States  Waterworks  Association,  1907:   16-32. 
Discussion:  pp.  32-33. 

Engineering  News,  Iviii,  380-381  (1907). 

Abstract. 


MUNICIPAL  OWNERSHIP 


331 


World  Today,  xii,  621-625  (1907). 

Hunter,  W.  R.    Municipal  ownership  of  utilities.    Public  Ser- 
vice, i,  23-25  (1906). 

Hutchinson,  R.  W.,  Jr.    The  quesUon  of  municipal  ownership. 
Public  Service,  ii,  87-89  (1907). 

Jones,  C.  L.    American  municipal  services  from  the  standpoint 

of  the  entrepreneur.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of 

Political  and  Social  Science,  xxviii,  371-384  (1906). 

Academic  discussion  of  both  sides  of  the  question,  the  writer  favoring 
private  ownership  under  proper  restrictions. 


Kent,  C.  A.    Suggestions  for  and  against  municipal  ownership 
of  public  utilities.     Publications  of  the  Michigan  Political 
Science  Association,  v,  349-370  (1904). 
Discussion:  pp.  371-388. 

LocKWOOD,  H.  A.  Are  our  municipalities  to  become  business 
corporations  ?  Concerning  Municipal  Ownership,  iii,  47-52 
(1908). 

Marston,  Glenn.  The  fallacies  of  municipal  ownership.  Public 
Service,  xiv,  107-108,  147-149,  187-188  (1913). 

Guarding  against  municipal  plant  agitation.     Electrical 

Review  and  Western  Electrician,  bdx,  632-633  (1916). 

A  discussion  of  alleged  causes  of  the  municipal  ownership  agitation; 

with  suggested  remedies. 
See  also  his  "  Poor  service  causes  mimicipal  ownership." 

Poor  service  causes  municipal  ownership.    Electrical  Re- 


view and  Western  Electrician,  bdx,  806-807  (1916). 

Martin,  T.  C.  Municipal  ownership  always  a  failure.  Moody's 
Magazine,  ii,  526-529  (1906). 

In  Municipal  ownership  and  operation:  symposium. 
Includes  a  table  of  statistics^ 

Meyer,  H.  R.  Great  Britain's  lesson.  Moody's  Magazine,  ii, 
532-534  (1906). 

In  Mimicipal  ownership  and  operation:  symposium. 
The  writer  asserts  that  lack  of  corruption  in  England  is  not  a  valid 
argument,  for  there  was  none  before  municipalization. 

National  Civic  Federation.  Shall  the  government  own  and 
operate  the  railroads,  the  telegraph  and  telephone  systems  ? 
Shall  the  municipalities  own  their  utilities  ?  Negative  side. 
New  York,  1915.    119  pp. 

Owen,  Mark.  Why  mimicipal  ownership  cannot  be  financially 
profitable.     Concerning  Municipal  Ownership,  vi,  176-180 

(1913)- 
Parsons,  Frank,  and  Roberts,  F.  H.  H.    Municipal  owner- 
ship debated.    Public  Service,  i,  67-75  (1906). 

Bapers  before  League  of  American  municipalities. 

"  For."    Frank  Parsons,    pp.  68-72. 

"  Against.''   F.  H.  H.  Roberts,   pp.  72-75. 


332  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTILITIES 

Porter,  R.  P.   The  dangers  of  municipal  ownership.   New  York, 

1907-   356  pp. 

An  historical  study  of  municipal  ownership  in  Great  Britain,  with 
application  of  the  conclusion  to  conditions  in  the  United  States. 

The  dangers  of  municipal  trading.    London,  1907.    320  pp. 

An  EngKsh  reprint  of  "  The  dangers  of  municipal  ownership,"  with 
two  additional  chapters. 

European  and  American  methods  and  results  compared. 

Municipal  Affairs,  vi,  539-578  (1902). 

A  popular  historical  discussion  and  comparison  of  municipal  ownership 
in  Great  Britain  and  private  ownership  m  the  United  States;  with 
tables  of  data. 

Municipal  trading:  European  and  American  methods  and 

results  compared  —  the  views  of  an  advocate  of  private  owner- 
ship of  all  public  utilities.  Municipal  Journal  and  Engineer, 
xiv,  222-224,  269-273;  XV,  4-8  (1903). 

RosECRANTZ,  C.  M.  Some  limitations  and  objections  to  mu- 
nicipal ownership.  Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of 
Political  and  Social  Science,  Ivii,  254-273  (1915). 

Defense  of  the  companies,  and  good  summary  of  arguments  for  private 
ownership. 

Sells,  E.  W.  Corporate  management  compared  with  govern- 
ment control.  Concerning  Municipal  Ownership,  iii,  107- 
108  (1908). 

The  writer  states  that  in  his  experience  as  an  accountant  he  has  gener- 
ally found  company  management  economical  and  municipal  manage- 
ment the  reverse. 

Simmons,  F.  G.  Private  versus  municipal  ownership.  Public 
Service,  i,  87-90  (1906). 

Sloan,  H.  M.  Municipal  ownership  and  operation  of  street 
railways.    Street  Railway  Review,  xii,  211-213  (1902). 

Standrod,  D.  W.  a  utility  conunissioner's  view  of  municipal 
ownership.    Public  Service,  xv,  151-152  (1913). 

Sullivan,  J.  W.  City  transit  systems:  municipal  vs.  company 
ownership  and  operation.  {In  National  Civic  Federation. 
Shall  the  government  own  and  operate  the  railroads,  etc. 
Negative  side.    New  York,  191 5.)    ioa-119. 


MUNICIPAL  OWNERSHIP 


333 


Sullivan,  J.  W.  Municipalization  or  a  just  regulation?  A 
plea  for  the  facts.  {In  National  Civic  Federation.  Shall  the 
government  own  and  operate  the  railroads,  etc.  Negative 
side.     New  York,  191 5.)    60-75. 

Thurber,  F.  B.  Some  arguments  against  municipal  ownership. 
North  American  Review,  clxxxii,  853-860  (1906). 

TowLER,  W.  G.    Socialism  in  local  government.    New  York, 

1909-    336  pp. 

A  popular  study  of  the  increase  in  municipal  socialism  in  Great  Britain, 
the  writer  oppo^ng  municipal  trading. 

Tyng,  L.  H.  Private  vs.  public  operation  of  gas  companies. 
Moody's  Magazine,  iv,  244-247  (1907). 

A  very  popular  argument  for  private  operation  because  of  greater 
initiative  and  efficiency. 

Webster,  W.  A.  American  principles  in  business  and  politics. 
Concerning  Municipal  Ownership,  iii,  67-70  (1908). 

Williams,  Arthur.  Municipal  ownership  costly  and  dangerous. 
Moody's  Magazine,  ii,  643-649  (1906). 

In  Municipal  ownership  and  operation:  symposium. 
Experience  in  various  places  shows  that  private  operation  is  cheaper 
and  there  is  less  political  danger. 

Municipal  ownership  of  public  utilities.    {In  Y.  M.  C.  A., 

New  York,  West  Side  Branch.     Public  utility  economics. 

New  York,  19 14.)    31-44. 

A  very  popular  argument  against  municipal  ownership,  with  brief 
reference  to  the  alleged  unsuccessful  results  in  different  places. 

WoRTHiNGTON,  Thomas.  Regulation  vs.  municipal  ownership. 
Public  Service,  xvi,  23-25  (1914). 

HISTORY 

United  States  and  Foreign 

Agar,  J.  G.  Shall  American  cities  municipalize  ?  Value  of 
foreign  experience  as  a  guide.  Municipal  Affairs,  iv,  13-23 
(1900). 

A  popular  description  of  municipal  ownership  in  England  and  Germany, 
and  a  comparison  with  American  conditions.  Opposes  municipal 
ownership  in  America  for  the  present. 


I 


334  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science.  Municipal 
ownership  and  municipal  franchises.  Annals  of  the  American 
Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  xxvii,  no.  i  (1906). 
258  pp. 

Glasgow's  experience  with  municipal  ownership  and  operation.    Robert 

Crawford. 
The  water,  gas  and  electric  light  supply  of  London.    Percy  Ashley. 
Municipal  ownership  and  operation  of  street  railways  in  Germany. 

L.  S.  Rowe. 

Transportation  facilities  and  street  railway  traffic  in  London.    Lynden 

Macassey. 
The  movement  for  municipal  ownership  in  Chicago.    H.  S.  Grosser. 
Street  railway  franchises  in  Massachusetts.    W.  S.  Allen. 
The  gas,  electric  light,  water  and  street  railway  services  in  New  York 

City.    R.  G.  Monroe. 
Madrid:  its  government  and  municipal  services.    C.  L.  Jones. 
The  problems  of  city  government  from  the  administrative  point  of  view. 

J.  A.  Fairlie. 
Home  rule  charter  movements  in  Missouri.    J.  W.  S.  Peters. 
Baltimore  under  its  new  charter.    William  Reynolds. 
Significance  of  the  recent  reform  movement  in  Philadelphia.    F.  S. 

Edmonds. 
Municipal  progress,  1904-1905.    C.  R.  Woodruff. 
The  relation  of  the  Amaican  mimicipalities  to  the  gas  and  electric 

light  service.    Symposium. 
Constitutional  limitations  relating  to  cities  and  their  affau^.    R.  W. 

Skinner,  Jr. 

Baker,  N.  D.    Mimidpal  ownership.    Annals  of  the  American 
Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  Ivii,  188-193  (1915). 

States  that  municipal  ownership  in  Europe  was  undertaken  primarily 
to  lessen  taxation;  in  the  United  States  because  of  abuses  by  the 
companies. 

Bemis,  E.  W.     Gas.     {In  Municipal  monopolies.    4th  edition. 
New  York,  1904.)    587-628. 

An  historical  sketch  of  private  and  municipal  ownership  in  various 
cities  of  the  United  States  and  Great  Britain. 

Street  railways.    {In  Municipal  monopolies.    4th  edition. 

New  York,  1904.)    505-583. 

Public  ownership  in  America:   565-569. 
British  experience:  569-583. 

An  extensive  historical  study. 


MUNICIPAL  OWNERSHIP 


335 


BowKER,  R.  R.    Public  control,  ownership  or  operation  of  mu- 
nicipal franchises  ?    With  especial  reference  to  electric  light- 
ing.   Municipal  Affairs,  i,  605-630  (1897). 
Includes  a  discussion  of  the  results  of  municipal  ownership  m  various 
cities,  United  States  and  foreign. 

Clark,  W.  J.    Public  utilities  here  and  abroad.    Aera,  iii,  451- 

464  (1914). 

A  general  survey  of  utility  development,  with  tables  of  statistics. 

Commons,  J.  R.    Labor  and  municipal  politics.    {In  Labor  and 
administration.    New  York,  1913.)    158-194. 
A  reprint  of  his  "  Labor  and  politics." 

Labor  and  politics.    {In  National  Civic  Federation.    Mu- 
nicipal and  private  operation  of  public  utiKties.     New  York, 
1907.)    Pt.  I,  vol.  i,  88-112. 
On  the  eflFect  of  mimicipal  ownership  on  labor  conditions  and  politics 

in  Great  Britain  and  the  United  States. 
See  also  J.  W.  SulUvan,  "  The  labor  report." 

Curtis,  C.  E.    Street  railways  and  their  relation  to  the  public. 
Yale  Review,  vi,  17-36  (1897). 

A  very  good,  early  review  of  comparative  franchise  and  mimicipal 
ownership  history  in  the  United  States,  Canada  and  Great  Britain. 

Fairlie,  J.  A.    Essays  in  municipal  administration.    New  York, 

1908.    374  pp. 

Ch.  viii.   Recent  legislation  on  mimicipal  functions  in  the  United  States, 
xi.   Municipal  electric  lighting  in  Detroit. 
XV.   Municipal  activities  in  Great  Britain, 
xvi.   Municipal  conditions  in  some  European  cities, 
xvii.   Mimicipal  government  in  Vienna, 
rviii.   Municipal  government  in  Italy. 
Includes  discussion  of  municipal  ownership  in  various  cities  of  Europe 
and  America. 

Mimicipal  improvements.    {In  Municipal  administration. 

New  York,  1901.)    225-313. 

Waterworks,  public  lighting  and  urban  transportation,  270-300. 

Municipal  ownership,  310-313. 

A  very  general  and  elementary  historical  treatment. 

Francisco,  M.  J.    Municipal  ownership  vs.  private  corporations : 
with  legal  and  editorial  opinions,  tables  and  cost  of  lights  as 


336  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

furnished  by  private  companies  and  municipal  plants,  with 
list  of  municipal  plants  that  have  been  sold  or  abandoned. 
Containing  also  a  comparison  of  EngUsh  and  American  gas 
and  railway  plants.    RuUand,  1898.    150  pp. 

HowE,F.C.    Municipal  ownership  in  Europe.    (/«  The  modem 
city  and  its  problems.    New  York,  1915.)    176-193. 

Mum'cipal  ownership:  the  testimony  of  foreign  experience. 
Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  PoUtical  and  Social 
Science,  Ivii,  194-208  (1915). 

Discusses  munidpaJ  ownership  in  Great  Britain  and  Germany  especiaUy. 
favors  municipal  ownership  here. 

(^«  National  Civic  Federation.   Shall  the  government 

own  and  operate  the  railroads,  etc.    Affirmative  side.    New 
York,  1915.)    31-48. 

Martin,  John.  Business  thrift  in  American  and  European 
aties,  especially  with  respect  to  franchises.  Proc,  National 
Conference  for  Good  City  Government.    1905:   154-169. 

Porter,  R.  P.  Municipal  trading.  Engineering,  kxiv,  39(^-394 
(1902). 

A  comparison  of  municipal  ownership  in  the  United  States  and  Great 
Jontam. 

Municipal  trading:  European  and  American  methods  and 
results  compared  — the  views  of  an  advocate  of  private 
ownership  of  all  public  utilities.  Municipal  Journal  and 
Engineer,  xiv,  222-224,  269-273;  xv,  4-8  (1903). 

RoBBiNS,  Hayes.      PubHc  ownership  versus  pubhc  control. 
American  Journal  of  Sociology,  x,  787-813  (1905). 
A  discussion  and  comparison  of  the  results  m  Great  Britain  and  the 
United  States.    The  street  railway  systems  of  Glasgow  and  Boston 

re^ti^    ^^  ^'  ^^''^'    ^^"''^'^  ^"""^^^  ownership  under 

RowE,  L.  S.    The  relation  of  the  city  to  public  utilities.    {In 
Problems  of  city  government.   New  York,  1908.)    208-240. 
A  good  elementary  discussion,  including  an  historical  comparison  of 
mumcipal  and  pnvate  plants  (pp.  218-231),  and  tables  of  statisUcs. 


MUNICIPAL  OWNERSHIP 


337 


Sullivan,  J.  W.  The  labor  report.  {In  National  Civic  Federa- 
tion. Municipal  and  private  operation  of  public  utilities. 
New  York,  1907.)    Ft.  I,  vol.  i,  60-87. 

On  the  effect  of  municipal  ownership  on  labor  conditions  and  politics  in 

Great  Britain  and  the  United  States. 
See  also  J.  R.  Commons,  "  Labor  and  politics." 

Municipal  and  private  operation  of  public  utilities:  relative 


to  the  labor  report  of  the  National  civic  federation  committee 
on  public  ownership  and  operation.    New  York,  1908.    128 

pp. 

A  reply  to  criticism  of  his  "  The  labor  report." 

Williams,  Arthur.   Municipal  ownership  costly  and  dangerous. 
Moody's  Magazine,  ii,  643-649  (1906). 

In  Mimicipal  ownership  and  operation:  symposium. 
Experience  in  various  places  shows  that  private  operation  is  cheaper 
and  there  is  less  political  danger. 

Municipal  ownership  of  public  utilities.    {In  Y.  M.  C.  A., 


New  York,  West  Side  Branch.     Public  utility  economics. 
New  York,  1914)    3i~44- 

Includes  brief  reference  to  the  alleged  unsuccessful  results  in  different 
places. 

United  States  —  General 

Adams,  A.  D.     Cost  of  municipal  vs.  private  gas.    Municipal 

Journal  and  Engineer,  xv,  13-14  (1903)- 

Includes  an  analytical  table  of  the  average  cost  of  gas  m  the  private  and 
mimicipal  plants  of  each  state. 

Gas  rates  in  the  United  States.    Municipal  Journal  and 


Engineer,  xiii,  63-65  (1902). 

Adams,  H.  C.  Relation  of  municipal  government  to  public 
works  in  the  United  States.  Publications,  American  Eco- 
nomic Association,  ii,  507-532  (1888). 

In  The  relation  of  modern  municipalities  to  quasi-public  works. 
Report  of  an  investigation  of  municipal  ownership  of  gas;  includes 
a  table  of  prices  charged. 


338  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

American  Academy  of  PoUtical  and  Social  Science.    The  relation 
of  the  municipality  to  the  water  supply:    a  symposium. 
Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 
Science,  xxx,  557-592  (1907). 
For  contents  see  p.  29. 

Baker,  M.  N.  Municipal  ownership  and  operation  of  water- 
works. Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and 
Social  Science,  Ivii,  279-281  (1915). 

Waterworks.     {In  Bemis,  E.  W.    Municipal  monopolies. 

4th  edition.    New  York,  1904.)    3-52. 

A  thorough  comparative  and  critical  study  of  municipal  and  private 
operation  of  waterworks  in  the  United  States.  The  writer  favors 
municipal  ownership;  includes  many  tables  of  statistics. 

Beard,  C.  A.  Municipal  ownership.  (/«  American  city  govern- 
ment.   New  York,  191 2.)    218-241. 

Bemis,  E.  W.    The  latest  electric  hght  reports.    {In  Municipal 
monopolies.    4th  edition.    New  York,  1904.)    183-285. 
A  thorough  statistical  comparison  of  municipal  and  private  operation, 

the  writer  favoring  municipal  ownership.    Includes  many  tables  of 

statistics  of  operation  and  of  rates. 

Municipal   operation  vs.  private  operation  of  municipal 

monopolies:  United  States.  {In  National  Civic  Federation. 
Municipal  and  private  operation  of  public  utilities.  New 
York,  1907.)    Pt.  I,  vol.  i,  122-185. 

An  extended  analysis  of  the  results  of  municipal  operation.  The  writer 
concludes  that  it  is  conclusively  demonstrated  that  the  municipal 
plants  have  done  far  better  for  taxpayer  and  consumer  than  have  the 
private  plants. 

Mimicipal  ownership  of  gas  in  the  U.  S.     Publications, 

American  Economic  Association,  vi,  295-471  (1891). 

Extensive  study  of  results,  with  many  tables  of  data  and  some  dis- 
cussion. 

Bradford,  E.  S.    Municipal  electric  lighting.    Madison,  1906. 
22  pp. 

Wisconsin  free  Hbrary  commission,  Comparative  l^islation  bulletin 
no.  5. 

Includes  statistics  of  municipal  electric  plants  in  various  places. 


MUNICIPAL  OWNERSHIP 


339 


Bradford,  E.  S.   Municipal  electric  lighting.   Municipal  Journal 

and  Engineer,  xxiii,  213-217  (1907)- 

Review  of  statistics  and  conditions  in  the  United  States;  including  the 

relative  increase  in  municipal  and  private  plants;    with  references 

and  tables  of  statistics. 

Municipal  gas  lighting.    Madison,  1906.    18  pp. 


Wisconsin  free  library  conmiission.  Comparative  legislation  bulletin 

no.  8. 
Includes  statistics  of  mimicipal  gas  plants  in  various  cities. 

BuRDETT,  Frederick,  and  Forstall,  A.  E.  Engineering  mat- 
ters: United  States  gas  works.  {In  National  Civic  Federa- 
tion. Municipal  and  private  operation  of  public  utilities. 
New  York,  1907.)    Pt.  11,  vol.  i,  537-567- 

Cahoon,  J.  B.    Municipal  electric  lighting  opposed.    Municipal 

Affairs,  vi,  636-647  (1902). 

A  critical  analysis  of  the  results  of  mimicipal  operation  in  the  United 
States;  with  a  table  of  statistics. 

Commons,  J.  R.,  and  Sullivan,  J.  W.  Labor  and  politics: 
United  States  gas  works.  {In  National  Civic  Federation. 
Municipal  and  private  operation  of  public  utilities.  New 
York,  1907.)    Pt.  II,  vol.  i,  490-536. 

Labor  and  politics:    United  States  water,  gas  and 

electricity.  {In  National  Civic  Federation.  Municipal  and 
private  operation  of  public  utilities.  New  York,  1907.)  Pt. 
II,  vol.  i,  885-907. 

Municipal  electric  lighting.    Municipal  Affairs,  i,  631-673 

(1897). 

A  thorough  comparative  and  critical  study  of  municipal  and  private 
operation  in  the  United  States.  Includes  many  tables  of  statistics  of 
operation  and  of  rates.   The  writer  favors  municipal  ownership. 

{In  Bemis,   E.   W.     Municipal  monopolies.     4th 


edition.    New  York,  1904-)    55-180. 
Reprint. 

DuKAND,  E.  D.    Street  railway  franchises,  public  regulation  and 
public  ownership  in  the  United  States  of  America.    Royal 
Conunission  on  London  Traffic,  iv,  593-609  (1906). 
Comprehensive  discussion  and  tabulation  of  the  laws  of  various  states. 


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340  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Fairlie,  J.  A.  Recent  extensions  of  municipal  functions  in  the 
United  States.  Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political 
and  Social  Science,  xxv,  299-310  (1905). 

Municipal  ownership:  pp.  304-308.  Brief  account  of  recent  municipal 
ownership  and  franchise  history  in  the  United  States.  Includes 
tables  of  the  geographical  distribution  of  municipal  and  private 
water  and  electric  plants. 

Recent  legislation  on  municipal  functions  in  the  United 

States.    {In  Essays  in  municipal  administration.    New  York, 
1908.)    145-163. 

Municipal  ownership:  pp.  152-158.    Revised  reprint. 

Francisco,  M.  J.  The  business  of  mumapalities  and  private 
corporations  compared:  data  that  proves  municipal  owner- 
ship waste  exceeds  corporate  profit.    Rutland,  1905  ?  136  pp. 

Many  plants  considered  alphabeticaUy  by  cities;  only  a  sentence  or 
two  about  each. 

Municipalities  vs.  private  corporations:  political  and  busi- 
ness management.    Rutland,  1900.    172  pp. 
*'  Tables  showing  cost  of  lights  furnished  by  private  companies  and 
municipal  plants,  a  list  of  municipal  plants  sold  or  abandoned,  ex- 
perience of  municipalities,  legal  and  editorial  opinions." 


MUNICIPAL  OWNERSHIP 


341 


Municipal  ownership:   its  fallacy,  with  legal  and  editorial 
opinions,  tables  and  cost  of  lights  as  furnished  by  private 
companies  and  municipal  plants.    Rutland,  1893.    104  pp. 
Arranged  by  cities,  with  only  a  few  sentences  about  each. 

GoNDEN,  H.  J.     Robbing  Peter.     Public  Service,  xvii,  37-38 
(1914). 
Discusses  conceahnent  in  municipal  plant  reports. 

Gray,  J.  H.  General  history  and  legislation:  United  States  gas 
works.  (In  National  Civic  Federation.  Municipal  and  pri- 
vate operation  of  public  utilities.  New  York,  1907.)  Pt.  11, 
vol.  i,  426-489. 

General  history  and  legislation:  United  States  waterworks. 

(In  National  Civic  Federation.  Municipal  and  private  opera- 
tion of  public  utilities.  New  York,  1907.)  Pt.  II,  vol.  i, 
1-135. 


GwiNN,  D.  R.    Water  rates  charged  in  375  cities.    Proc,  Ameri- 
can Waterworks  Association,  xxviii,  209-222  (1908). 

Discussion:    223-238.    Tabulated  results  of  a  questionnaire. 
Rates  of  private  plants:  pp.  216-218;   rates  of  municipal  plants:   pp. 
219-222. 

Hard,  William,  and  Gray,  J.  H.    General  history  and  legisla- 
tion:   United  States  electricity  works.     (In  National  Civic 
Federation.    Municipal  and  private  operation  of  public  util- 
ities.   New  York,  1907.)    Pt.  II,  vol.  i,  665-748. 
Considers  Chicago,  Detroit  and  South  Norwalk  only. 

Haskins,  C.  W.,  and  Johnson,  J.  F.    The  recent  history  of  mu- 
nicipal ownership  in  the  United  States.    Municipal  Affairs, 

vi,  524-538  (1903)- 

A  general  historical  sketch.    The  writers  conclude  that  the  insufficient 

and  controversial  evidence  makes  a  general  decision  impossible  at 

present. 

Henderson,  C.  R.    Competitive  waterworks.    Proc,  American 

Waterworks  Association,  xxviii,  519-524  (1908). 

Discussion:  pp.  525-527.    A  brief  account  of  competition  by  municipal 
plants  in  various  cities,  with  discussion  of  the  cause  and  results. 

Howe,  F.  C.   Municipal  ownership  in  America.    (In  The  modem 
city  and  its  problems.    New  York,  191 5.)    165-175. 

KoiNER,  C.  W.    Municipal  ownership  and  operation  of  electric 

utilities  on  the  Pacific  coast.    Proc,  American  Society  of 

Municipal  Improvements,  1914:  347-367. 

A  brief  discussion  of  the  plants  and  operating  results  in  various  western 
cities;  includes  tables. 

Marston,  Glenn.    Facts  on  municipal  ownership  in  268  towns 
and  cities.    Chicago,  191 5.    32  pp. 
Alphabetical  by  cities;  only  a  few  sentences  about  each  city. 

The  fallacies  of  municipal  ownership.    Public  Service,  xiv, 

107-108,  147-149,  187-188  (1913)- 

A  popular  argument  against  municipal  ownership,  with  brief  discussion 
of  the  results  in  various  places. 

200  municipal  ownership  failures.    Chicago,  191 2  ?   29  pp. 

Arranged  by  cities,  with  only  a  sentence  about  each. 


342  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Marwick,  Mitchell  and  CoBn»ANY.   Financial  matters:  United 
States  electricity  works.     {In  National  Civic  Federation. 
Municipal  and  private  operation  of  public  utilities.     New 
York,  1907.)    Pt.  II,  vol.  i,  803-844. 
Considers  Allegheny,  Chicago,  Detroit  and  South  Norwalk  only. 

Financial    matters:     United    States    waterworks.      {In 

National  Civic  Federation.  Municipal  and  private  opera- 
tion of  public  utilities.  New  York,  1907.)  Pt.  II,  vol.  i, 
353-425. 

Maury,  D.  H.  Engineering  matters:  United  States  waterworks. 
{In  National  Civic  Federation.  Municipal  and  private 
operation  of  public  utilities.  New  York,  1907.)  Pt.  II,  vol.  i, 
159-352. 

RosEWATER,  Victor.    Mum'cipal  ownership  of  electric  lighting. 

Independent,  Iv,  93-96  (1903). 

A  brief  but  interesting  account  of  the  growth  of  the  municipal  owner- 
ship movement  in  the  United  States;  with  one  table  of  statistics. 
The  writer  favors  mimicipalization. 

Stebbins,  Theodore,  and  Phelps,  C.  E.,  Jr.     Engineering 
matters:    United  States  electricity  works.     {In  National 
Civic    Federation.      Municipal    and   private   operation   of 
pubUc  utilities.    New  York,  1907.)    Pt.  II,  vol.  i,  759-802. 
Considers  Allegheny,  Chicago,  Detroit  and  South  Norwalk  only. 

Sullivan,  J.  W.,  and  CoimoNS,  J.  R.  Labor  and  politics; 
United  States  waterworks.  {In  National  Civic  Federation. 
Municipal  and  private  operation  of  public  utilities.  New 
York,  1907.)    Pt.  n,  vol.  i,  136-158. 

U.  S.  Bureau  of  the  Census.    Street  and  electric  railways,  1902. 
Washington,  1905.    439  pp. 
Franchises,  public  regulation  and  public  ownership:  pp.  126-148. 

Street  and  electric  railways,   1907.     Washington,   1910. 

575  pp. 

Foreign  tramways  and  electric  railways:  pp.  300-323. 

Warner,  G.E.  Public  ownership  of  lighting  plant.  City  Govern- 
ment, vi,  50-52  (1899). 
On  municipal  ownership  history  in  Rochester  and  elsewhere. 


MUNICIPAL  OWNERSHIP 


343 


Whipple,  F.  H.    The  cost  of  public  lighting.    {In  Municipal 
lighting.    Detroit,  1889.)    120-217. 
Alphabetical,  by  cities. 

The  ownership  of  central  stations.    {In  Municipal  lighting. 

Detroit,  1889.)    80-106. 
Alphabetical  by  cities. 

Wilcox,  D.  F.  Street  railway  resettlements  and  negotiations 
for  municipal  ownership.     National  Munidi>al  Review,  iii, 

745-751  (1914). 

Alabama 
Birmingham 

Gordon,  F.  G.  R.  Municipal  ownership  in  Birmingham.  Con- 
cerning Municipal  Ownership,  ix,  174-175  (iQi^)- 

California 

Whittlesey,  J.  T.  The  success  of  municipal  lighting  plants  in 
CaUfomia.  Pacific  Municipalities,  xxvii,  701-712  (1913); 
xxviii,  5-16  (1914). 

Alameda 

GoLDSWORTHY,  A.  D.    Municipal  electric  lighting  in  Alameda, 

California.    American  City,  xi,  144-146  (1914)- 

Brief  description,  illustrated  with  photographs. 

Kahn,  J.  B.    Alameda  municipal  electric  light  plant.    Journal  of 
Electricity,  Power  and  Gas,  xxxi,  455-460  (1913)- 
History  and  description,  with  photographs  and  statistics. 

Glendale 

Allison,  LeR.  W.    Glendale  municipal  electric  lighting  plant. 

Power,  xlii,  60-61  (1915). 

A  very  brief  account  of  the  plant  and  its  operating  results. 

Palo  Alto 

Byxbee,  J.  F.,  Jr.    Experience  with  the  diesel-engine  in  the  mu- 
nicipal power  plant  of  Palo  Alto,  Calif.     Engineering  and 
Contracting,  xlv,  44-47  (191 6). 
Engineering  description,  with  one  photograph. 


344 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTILITIES 


MUNICIPAL  OWNERSHIP 


34S 


Pasadena 

Cakr,  W.  J.  Does  municipal  ownership  pay  ?  Pasadena's  suc- 
cess in  municipal  ownership  and  certain  aspects  of  the  enter- 
prise.   Pacific  Municipalities,  xxvii,  142-145  (1913). 

KoiNER,  C.  W.    Pasadena's  municipal  light  and  power  plant. 

Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 

Science,  Ivii,  209-227  (191 5). 

Historical  account,  with  tables  of  rates  charged.     Favors  municipal 
ownership. 

Slavin,  Matthew.  Municipal  electricity  in  Pasadena.  Public 
Service,  viii,  105-108  (1910). 

Riverside 

Backstrand,  C.  F.    Riverside's  municipal  power  plant.   Journal 

of  Electricity,  Power  and  Gas,  xxx,  153-155  (1913). 

Engineering  description,  with  photographs. 

San  Francisco 

Baldwin,  A.  S.     Shall  San  Francisco  municipalize  its  water 

supply  ?    Municipal  Affairs,  iv,  317-328  (1900). 

A  popular  analysis,  opposing  municipal  ownership  under  the  existing 
cirounstances. 

Cleary,  a.  J.  Municipal  street  railways.  Engineering  News, 
Ixxiii,  320-324  (1915). 

In  a  series  of  articles  entided  "  The  municipal  engineering  works  of 

San  Francisco." 
A  good  description,  illustrated  with  photographs  and  diagrams,  and 

including  some  statistics. 

San  Francisco's  new  municipal  street  railways.    Engineer- 
ing News,  Ixxii,  1020-1022  (1914). 
An  engineering  description,  illustrated  with  a  photograph  and  map. 

Ost,  p.  J.    The  municipal  railways  of  San  Francisco.    Journal  of 
Electricity,  Power  and  Gas,  xxxiii,  333-340  (1914). 
Description,  illustrated  with  photographs. 

Walcott,  E.  a.     The  municipal  railways  of  San  Francisco. 

National  Municipal  Review,  iii,  554-556  (1914). 

A  brief  analysis  of  results,  the  writer  concluding  that  the  undertaking 
has  been  a  success. 


San  Francisco  —  continued. 

ZuEBLiN,  Charles.    Municipal  railway  regulation.    {In  Ameri- 
can municipal  progress.    Revised  edition.    New  York,  191 6.) 

30-54. 

San  Francisco's  municipal  railway:  pp.  52-54. 

Brief  historical  sketch;  very  popular. 

Santa  Clara 

Moore,  C.  E.    Experience  with  a  municipal  gas  plant.    Public 
Service,  ii,  51-52  (1907). 

History  of  municipal  ownership  in  Santa  Clara,  with  conclusions  as  to 
the  general  desirability  of  municipal  ownership. 

Connecticut 
Norwich 
Jensen,  M.  E.   Experiment  conducted  at  Norwich,  Conn.   New 

England  Magazine,  n.s.,  xxxv,  338-342  (1906). 

Description  of  the  municipal  plant,  and  analysis  of  results. 

South  Norwalk 

Winchester,  A.  E.    South  Norwalk's  municipal  electric  works. 
Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social 

Science,  Ivii,  228-245  (1915)- 

Historical,  with  comparison  of  the  private  and  munic^>al  plants.    Be- 
lieves that  success  depends  on  local  conditions. 

Wallingford 

Pierce,  A.  L.    Municipal  lighting  in  Wallingford,  Conn.    Mu- 
nicipal Affairs,  vi,  820-823  (1903). 
Very  brief  historical  sketch,  with  analysis  of  results. 

Florida 
Jacksonville 
Austin,  C.  C.     Jacksonville  municipal  power  plant.     Power, 

xxxvii,  622-624  (1913). 

Description,  with  photographs  and  diagrams. 

Barrs,  J.  M.     Municipal  ownership  in  Jacksonville,  Florida. 

Proc,  National  Conference  for  Good  City  Government,  1906: 

257-265. 

An  analysis  of  the  results  of  operation,  the  writer  favoring  municipal 
ownership.  • 


346         BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 
Jacksonville  —  continued. 

Deacon,  W.G.    The  truth  about  JacksonviUe.    Public  Service 
xvi,  113-117  (1914).  ' 

Experience  with  the  municipal  electric  plant;  includes  one  photograph. 
Gordon,  F.  G.  R.    The  Jacksonville  municipal  electric  lighting 
plant.    Concerning  Municipal  Ownership,  ix,  153-155  (1016) 
Analysis  of  results.  ^o  \  y     /• 

WoRTHiNGTON,  Thomas.    Regulation  vs,  municipal  ownerehip. 
Public  Service,  xvi,  23-25  (1914). 

A  popular  argument  against  municipal  ownership,  with  brief  reference 
to  the  mumapal  plants  of  Jacksonville. 

Georgia 
Collier,  W.  R.    The  sale  of  current  to  municipally  owned  dis- 
tnbuting  systems  by  central  stations.    Electrical  Review  and 
Western  Electrician,  Ixvii,  890-893  (1915). 

^Sr  ^^  '^"^^^  ""^  ^  ^^""^^  ^  ^'^'  ^"^^^^^^  ^ith  tables  and 
Atlanta 

Beck,  H.  C.    Atlanta's  municipal  waterworks.    Public  Service 

u,  137-140  (1907). 

A  statistical  analysis  of  results. 
Quitman 

Crowell,  F.  B.     Quitman  municipal  water  and  light  plant 
Power,  xliii,  786-787  (1916). 
Description,  with  photographs  and  tables. 

Idaho 

Walker,  H.B.   Government  furnishes  cheap  electricity   Power 

xli,  228-229  (1915).  ' 

Elec^dty  sold  to  small  towns  in  southern  Idaho  by  a  government 

hydroelectric  plant    which  forms  part  of  the  Middokf  SS 

project.    Gives  tables  of  rates  charged.  ^<^^u    , 

Illinois 

Illinois  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics.    Report,  1898.    Springfield 
1899.    271pp.  '^     ^       ' 

Private  and  municipal  ownership  of  pubUc  works:  pp.  3-41. 


MUNICIPAL  OWNERSHIP 


347 


Norton,  W.  J.  Illinois  public  utility  conmiission  law  and  mu- 
nicipal ownership  law:  with  annotations,  marginal  notes  and 
index  digest.    Chicago,  19 13.    200  pp. 

Chicago 

Commons,  J.  R.  Economic  and  social  factors  in  Chicago  mu- 
nicipal lighting.    Municipal  Affairs,  vi,  109-115  (1902). 

An  historical  analysis,  with  conclusions  favorable  to  mimidpal  owner- 
ship; includes  tables  of  statistics. 

Darrow,  C.  S.    The  Chicago  traction  question.    International 

Quarterly,  xii,  13-22  (1905). 

History  of  street  railways  in  Chicago,  and  of  the  municipal  ownership 
movement. 

Dunne,  E.  F.     Municipal  ownership  in  Chicago.     Moody's 

Magazine,  ii,  522-526  (1906). 

In  Municipal  ownership  and  operation:  symposiimi. 
Popular,  historical  accoimt  of  the  attempt  to  municipalize  traction  in 
Chicago.    Favors  mimicipal  ownership. 

Ellicott,  E.  B.    Chicago's  experience  with  municipal  lighting. 
Mimicipal  Affairs,  vi,  815-820  (1903). 
Popular  historical  and  analytical  treatment. 

Chicago's  lighting  plant:    its  progress  under  municipal 

ownership.    Mimicipal  Engineering,  xx,  33-35  (1901). 

Abstract.   An  accoimt  of  the  results  of  municipal  ownership  in  Chicago; 
the  writer  favoring  municipalization. 

Municipal  electric  lighting  in  Chicago.  Engineering  Record, 

xliii,  176-180  (1901). 

Brief  abstract  of  a  report  of  thirteen  years*  operation. 

The  Robert  A.  Waller  municipal  lighting  plant.    Journal  of 

the  Western  Society  of  Engineers,  v,  566-569  (1900). 
Discussion:  pp.  569-570.    A  brief  engineering  description. 

Thirteen  years'  experience  with  municipal  street  lighting 

at  Chicago,  111.    Engineering  News,  xlv,  317  (1901). 
Very  brief  abstract  of  a  report  of  thirteen  years'  operation. 

Fairlie,  J.  A.  The  Chicago  street  railways:  a  supplementary 
note.  Quarterly  Journal  of  Economics,  xxii,  476-479  (1908). 
Supplementary  to  "  The  street  railway  question  in  Chicago." 


ii 


348  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Chicago  —  continued. 

Fairlie,  J.  A.    The  street  railway  question  in  Chicago.    Quar- 
terly Journal  of  Economics,  xxi,  370-403  (1907). 
A  thorough  historical  study. 

(^«  Essays  in  municipal  administration.    New  York 
1908.)    230-261.  ' 

Reprint. 

Grosser,  H.  S.     The  movement  for  municipal  ownership  in 
Chicago.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  PoUtical  and 
Social  Science,  xxvii,  72-90  (1906). 
Some  detailed  historical  account. 

Heilman,  R.  E.  Chicago  traction:  a  study  of  the  efforts  of  the 
pubhc  to  secure  good  service.  PubUcations,  American  Eco- 
nomic Association,  3d  series,  ix,  313-443  (1908). 

Thorough  historical  study  of  the  history  of  Chicago  traction,  franchises, 
and  the  muniapal  ownership  movement. 

Mead,  D.  W.  The  cost  of  furnishing  water  with  reference  to 
rates  and  rate  making.  Proc.,  American  Waterworks  Associ- 
ation, XXX,  92-96  (1910). 

Discussion:  pp.  96-109.  A  brief  comparison  and  discussion  of  the 
water  rates  of  private  and  municipal  supply  in  Chicago,  1901-1902: 
mcludes  tables  of  statistics.  6  »    V"*  *yo2, 

Galena 

Thompson,  H.  A.  Galena's  experience  with  ownership.  Public 
Service,  v,  91-92  (1908). 

Galesburg 

Hodge,  W.  H.    Ownership  that  does  not  pay.    PubHc  Service 
iv,  99-104  (1908).  ' 

Description  and  analysis  of  results;  with  photographs. 

Peoria 

Pemy,  H.  S.    a  city  that  sold  its  waterworks.    Public  Service 
iv,  21  (1908).  ' 

^^Si^^^""""^  "^^^"^  ""^  ^^^  ^^^  "^"^^  municipal  and  private 

Springfield 

Smith,  J.  E.    Experiments  at  Springfield,  111.    PubUc  Service  i 
104-106  (1906).  '  ' 


MUNICIPAL  OWNERSHIP 


Indiana 


349 


Gordon,  F.  G.  R.     Municipal  ownership  failures  in  Indiana. 
Concerning  Municipal  Ownership,  ix,  127-128  (1916). 
Madison,  Marion  and  Muncie. 

Fort  Wayne 

Williams,  F.  H.    Fort  Wayne's  municipal  lighting  plant.    Mu- 
nicipal Journal  and  Engineer,  xxvi,  285-289  (1909). 
A  description,  illustrated  with  photographs. 

Indianapolis 

PoTTS,  A.  F.    A  successful  substitute  for  municipal  ownership. 

Municipal  Engineering,  xiv,  181-187  (1898). 

An  account  of  the  Consumers'  gas  trust  of  Indianapolis. 

American  Monthly  Review  of  Reviews,  xx,  576-578 

(1899). 

Knightstown 

Sutton,  W.  E.    Ownership  in  a  small  community.    Public  Ser- 
vice, iii,  133-134(1907)- 

On  municipal  ownership  of  electric  light  and  waterworks  plants  in 
Knightstown. 

Logansport 

Gardiner,  H.  M.    Discord  in  municipal  ownership.    Public  Ser- 
vice, V,  40-41  (1908). 
Current  history. 

Electric  plant  of  Logansport,  Ind.    Public  Service,  ii,  77- 

80  (1907). 

A  brief  sketch  of  municipal  ownership  history. 

LoFTUS,  D.  J.    Logansport,  Indiana,  electric  light  department. 
Proc.,  National  Conference  for  Good  City  Government,  1906: 

254-256. 

Very  brief  historical  sketch. 

lOWA 

Cedar  Rapids 

Lazell,  F.  J.    Municipalizing  a  water  plant.    Public  Service, 

iii,  135-136  (1907). 


,■  r 


3  SO         BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Dubuque 

McLean,  Charles.    Dubuque's  public  ownership  predicament. 
Public  Service,  i,  53-54  (1906). 

Waterloo 

Marston,  a.   The  valuation  for  city  purchase  of  the  property  of 

the  Waterloo  (la.)  waterworks  co.     Engineering  News,  bd, 

424-425  (1909). 

Includes  tables  of  data. 

Kansas 

Kansas  City 

Morgan,  P.  W.  Municipal  water  and  light  plant  of  Kansas 
City,  Kansas.  Municipal  Engineering,  xlviii,  284-285  (1915). 
History  and  some  discussion;  illustrated  with  photographs. 

WooTAN,  J.  B.  Kansas  City,  Kansas,  m.  o.  Hght  plant  is  crowd- 
ing Cleveland  as  prize  failure.  Public  Service,  xx,  38-40 
(1916). 

Analysis  of  operating  results. 
Sylvan  Grove 

Seng,  A.  W.    Selling  water  at  a  profit.    Municipal  Engineering 
xliv,  580-582  (1913). 

A  description  of  the  Sylvan  Grove  municipal  water  and  light  plant. 

Topeka 

Smucker,  L.  L.  Topeka's  unsuccessful  lighting  plant.  Public 
Service,  i,  79-80  (1906). 

Kentucky 
Henderson 

Danneitell,  G.  W.  Gas  ownership  in  a  Kentucky  city.  PubKc 
Service,  iii,  77-79  (1907). 

Louisiana 
Donaldsonville 

IvENS,  E.  M.   Donaldsonville,  La.,  electric  Hght  and  waterworks 
plant.    Power,  xxxix,  432-435  (1914). 
An  engineering  description,  illustrated  with  photographs  and  diagrams. 


MUNICIPAL  OWNERSHIP 


3SI 


New  Orleans 

Dodge,  L.  A.   The  public  belt  railroad  of  New  Orieans.    Ameri- 
can City,  V,  328-331  (191 1). 
A  brief  account  with  one  photograph. 

Opelousas 

Jones,  A.  C.    Light  and  water  plant  of  Opelousas,  Louisiana. 
Municipal  Engineering,  xlvii,  202-206  (1914)- 
A  popular  historical  account  of  operation  and  management  difficulties; 
with  one  photograph. 

Opelousas'  municipal  lighting  plant.     Power,  xli,  41-42 

(1915)- 

Description  of  the  plant,  illustrated  with  photographs. 

Massachusetts 

Adams,  A.  D.  Cost  of  light  in  municipal  and  private  gas  and 
electric  plants.  Mimicipal  Engineering,  xxiii,  160-164  (1902). 
A  statistical  comparison  of  the  cost  in  Massachusetts. 

Equipment  and  operation  of  municipal  electric  light  plants 

in  Massachusetts.     Municipal  Engineering,  xxiii,  434-43^ 

(1902). 

An  historical  statistical  study. 

Investments  and  earnings  of  municipal  electric  plants. 

Municipal  Engineering,  xxiv,  344-348  (1903). 

A  comparison  of  municipal  and  private  plants  in  Massachusetts,  with 
tables  of  statistics. 

,  and  Pritchard,  C.  F.    Massachusetts  electricity  works. 

{In  National  Civic  Federation.  Municipal  and  private  opera- 
tion of  public  utilities.  New  York,  1907.)  Pt.  II,  vol.  i, 
909-1213. 

Municipal  gas  and  electric  plants  in  Massachusetts.    Jour- 
nal of  Political  Economy,  x,  214-229  (1902). 
Historical  and  analytical  treatment;  with  tables. 
Political  Science  Quarterly,  xvii,  247-255  (1902). 


Attleborough 

Beckhakd,  Bruno.    Attleborough,  an  object  lesson.    Arena,  xl, 

100-104  (1908). 

A  popular  article,  composed  chiefly  of  quotations  from  the  current 
reports. 


352  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTILITIES 

Boston 

CoNANT,  W.  B.    Municipal  water  plant  derives  income  from 

water  power.    Municipal  Engineering,  xlix,  117  (1915). 

An  account  of  the  sale  of  power  from  the  Sudbury  station  of  the  Boston 
metropohtan  waterworks. 

WiNSLOw,  WiLLARD.    Boston's  new  subway.    Municipal  Affairs, 
V,  427-432  (1901). 

Holyoke 

Adams,  A.  D.    The  Holyoke  case.    Quarterly  Journal  of  Eco- 
nomics,  xvii,  643-668  (1903). 

The  writer  asserts  that  municipal  ownership  was  forced  on  Holyoke  by 
a  court  decision,  and  that  as  a  result  an  unreasonably  high  purchase 
pnce  was  paid. 

Marston,  Glenn.   Holyoke's  municipal  Ughting  finances.  Con- 
cerning Municipal  Ownership,  iii,  87-89  (1908). 

North  Brookfield 

Powell,  F.  W.    Two  experiments  in  public  ownership  of  steam 

railroads.     Quarterly  Journal  of  Economics,  xxiii,  137-150 

(1908). 

Troy,  N.  Y.,  and  North  Brookfield,  Mass. 

The  writer  stetes  that  the  first  was  a  faUure;  the  second  a  success. 

Taunton 

Adams,  A.  D.    The  largest  municipal  electric  plant  in  New  Eng- 

land.    Electrical  Review  and  Western  Electrician,  xlvi  ^6^- 
367  (1905).  ^  ^ 

Engineering  description,  illustrated  with  photographs  and  diagrams. 


Detroit 


MicracAN 


BEias,  E.  W.    Detroit's  efforts  to  own  her  street  railways.    Mu- 
nicipal Affairs,  iii,  473-49©  (1899). 

Daly,  W.  M.    Pubhc  Hghting  plant  of  Detroit,  Mich.    Proc., 
American  Society  of  Municipal  Improvements,  1907:    100- 
"5- 
A  brief  historical  sketch  and  analysis  of  results. 


MUNICIPAL  OWNERSHIP 


353 


Detroit  —  continued. 

Fairlie,  J.  A.   Mimicipal  electric  lighting  in  Detroit.   Municipal 

Affairs,  iv,  606-613  (1900). 

Brief  statistical  analysis  and  comparison  with  other  cities,  favorable  to 
municipal  ownership  under  the  existing  conditions. 

(Jn  Essays  in  mimicipal  administration.     New  York, 

1908.)    219-229. 
Revised  reprint. 

Ingram,  F.  F.    Municipal  lighting  in  Detroit.     Municipal  Af- 
fairs, vi,  823-825  (1903). 

Municipal  operation  in  Detroit.     Proc,  National  Con- 
ference for  Good  City  Government,  1906:   249-253. 
Brief  analyst"  '^^  the  results  of  the  municipal  lighting  plant,  the  writer 
favoring  miuiicipalization. 

Should  the  people  or  the  corporations  light  our  cities  ? 


Arena,  xxx,  392-400  (1903). 
An  argument  for  municipal  ownership,  illustrated  by  a  comparison  of 
municipal  and  private  management  in  Detroit. 

LoCKWOOD,  J.  E.     Analysis  of  municipal  electric  lighting  in 
Detroit.    Municipal  Affairs,  vi,  825-834  (1903)- 
A  detailed  statistical  analysis,  the  conclusions  being  favorable  to  mu- 
nicipal ownership. 

Wilson,  Thomas.    Detroit's  municipal  lighting  plant.    Power, 

xl,  832-835  (1914). 

A  description  of  the  plant,  with  an  historical  sketch  and  operating 
statistics;  illustrated  with  a  photograph  and  diagram. 

Grand  Rapids 

FooTE,  Mark.    Grand  Rapids'  mimicipal  water  plant.    Public 

Service,  ii,  37-40  (1907). 

An  historical  sketch;  the  writer  opposes  municipal  ownership. 

Grand  Rapids  to  quit  city  lighting.     Public  Service,  ii, 

136-137  (1907)- 

A  brief  historical  sketch. 

Kalamazoo 

Wilson,  Thomas.     Kalamazoo  mimicipal  plant.     Power,  xli, 

218-224  (1915). 

An  engineering  description  of  the  municipal  street  lighting  plant,  with 
photographs  and  diagrams. 


• « 


-'    1 


»" 


354  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

YpsUanti 

Hatch,  W.  B.  A  successful  fight  for  a  municipal  gas  plant. 
Amencan  City,  xii,  49-52  (1915). 

Minnesota 

Gessell,  G.  a.    Minnesota  public  utility  rates:   gas,  electric, 

water.    Minneapolis,  1914.    254  pp. 

University  of  Minnesota,  Current  problems,  no.  3. 

Lists  aties  under  municipal  ownership:  pp.  1-4. 
Duluth 

Case,  L.  N.  Municipal  operation  in  Duluth,  Minn.  Proc, 
National  Conference  for  Good  City  Government,  1906:  244- 
248. 

A  brief  discussion  of  the  history  and  results  of  operation  of  the  municipal 
water  and  gas  plants,  the  writer  favoring  municipal  ownership. 

Missouri 
Kansas  City 

Keith,  John.   Kansas  City's  waterworks  fiasco.   Public  Service 

h  77-79  (1906). 

A  brief  historical  sketch,  under  private  and  municipal  ownership. 
St,  Louis 

Beckhard,  Bruno.    Municipal  Ughting  in  St.  Louis.    Arena, 
xxxix,  470-472  (1908). 
A  very  brief  historical  sketch. 

Casey,  C.C.   Municipal  Kghting  at  St.  Louis.    Municipal  Jour- 
nal and  Engineer,  xxiv,  209-211  (1908). 
A  description  of  the  plants,  illustrated  with  photographs. 

Nebraska 
Fremont 

Bremers,  H.  J.,  Jr.  Municipal  light  and  water  plant  at  Fremont, 
Neb.    Municipal  Engineering,  kv,  119-121  (1913). 
A  description  of  the  plant,  with  one  photograph. 

Omaha 

Mayo,E.W.   Omaha's  experience.    Moody's  Magazine,  ii,  659- 
662  (1906). 

^Municipal  ownership  and  operation:  symposium. 
History  of  municipal  ownership  and  accompanying  Htigation:  opposes 
mimicipalization.  f*-~-- 


MUNICIPAL  OWNERSHIP 


New  York 


3SS 


Cawcroft,  Ernest.    The  constitutional  convention  and  New 
York's  fiscal  policy.     Moody's  Magazine,   xviii,    183-186 

(1915)- 

On  the  municipal  powers  and  constitutional  changes  needed  in  New 
York  state  to  aid  municipal  ownership. 

Camden 

Phelps,  L.  F.    Municipal  lighting  plant  operated  by  oil  engine. 
Municipal  Engineering,  xliv,  311-312  (1913). 

New  York 

Blake,  A.  D.   New  York  City's  power  problem.    Power,  xxxviii, 
286-290  (1913). 

A  description  of  the  Hall  of  records  power  plant,  which  supplies  a  group 
of  municipal  buildings;  illustrated  with  photographs  and  a  diagram. 

CoLER,  B.  S.    Shall  New  York  own  its  subways  ?    New  York's 

debts  and  assets.    Outlook,  Ixxix,  934-938  (1905). 

An  account  of  the  financial  obstacles  to  constructing  great  public  works, 

with  suggestions  for  overcoming  them;  popular. 
See  also  R.  F.  Cutting,  "  Shall  New  York  own  its  subways  ?  " 

Cutting,  R.  F.  Shall  New  York  own  its  subways  ?  A  calm  view 
of  the  rapid  transit  situation.   Outlook,  Ixxix,  931-934  (1905). 

A  brief  historical  sketch  of  the  building  of  the  New  York  subways,  and 
a  consideration  of  the  possibility  of  municipal  operation  of  future 
subways;  popular. 

See  also  B.  S.  Coler,  "  Shall  New  York  own  its  subways  ?  " 

FooTE,  A.  R.    No  government  should  operate  an  industry.    Mu- 
nicipal Affairs,  i,  245-289  (1897). 
A  reply  to  E.  M.  Grout,  "  New  York  City  should  own  the  gas  supply." 

Grout,  E.  M.  New  York  City  should  own  the  gas  supply.  Mu- 
nicipal Affairs,  i,  225-244  (1897). 

A  popular  study. 

For  a  reply,  see  A.  R.  Foote,  "  No  government  should  operate  an  in- 
dustry." 

Seabury,  Samuel.  Mimicipal  ownership  and  operation  of 
public  utilities  in  New  York  City.  New  York,  1905  ?  202  pp. 
Historical,  by  kind  of  utility. 


•n 


356  BIBUOGRAPBY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

New  York  —  continued. 

Warner,  J.  DeW.    Should  greater  New  York  operate  its  street 

railways  ?    Yes.    Municipal  Affairs,  i,  421-457  (1897). 

A  popular,  annotated  study. 

Whitney,  E.B.    PubUc  ownership  in  New  York.    International 
Quarterly,  xii,  1-12  (1905). 

History  of  the  movement  for  municipal  street  railways  in  New  York. 
Rochester 
Cutler,  J.  G.    Municipal  control  of  public  service  corporations. 

Proc,  National  Conference  for  Good  City  Government,  1906: 

291-297. 

Warner,  G.  E.  Public  ownership  of  lighting  plant.  City  Govern- 
ment, vi,  50-52  (1899). 
On  municipal  ownership  history  in  Rochester  and  elsewhere. 

Syracuse 

Hamilton,  J.  H.    Syracuse  water  supply.    Municipal  Affairs, 
iv,  60-70  (1900). 

History  under  private  and  municipal  management,  favoring  municipal 
ownership. 

Hill,  W.  R.   City  ownership  of  water  supply.   Municipal  Affairs, 

vi,  730-737  (1903). 

An  historical  account  of  the  Syracuse  waterworks  under  municipal  and 
private  operation. 

Troy 

Powell,  F.  W.  Two  experiments  in  public  ownership  of  steam 
railroads.     Quarterly  Journal  of  Economics,  xxiii,  137-150 

(1908). 

Troy,  N.  Y.,  and  North  Brookfield,  Mass. 

The  writer  states  that  the  first  was  a  failure;  the  second  a  success. 

Ohio 

Public  Service  PubUshing  Company.  Complete  reports  on  mu- 
nicipally owned  utility  plants  in  the  state  of  Ohio.  Chicago, 
1914.    II  pamphlets. 

A  series  of  very  brief  reports,  each  considering  separately  the  plants  in 
a  number  of  cities.    Includes  balance  sheets  and  some  statistics. 


MUNICIPAL  OWNERSHIP 


357 


Cleveland 

Ballard,  F.  W.    The  Cleveland  municipal  lighting  plant.  Util- 
ities Magazine,  i,  no.  6,  9-16  (1916). 
History  and  analysis  of  results. 

The  design  and  operation  of  the  Cleveland  municipal  elec- 
tric light  plant.     Trans.,  American  Society  of  Mechanical 

Engineers,  xxxvi,  649-676  (1914)- 

Discussion:   pp.  676-691.    Includes  photographs,  tables  and  charts. 

Howe,  F.  C.     Municipal  ownership  in  Cleveland.     Moody's 
Magazine,  ii,  51 1-5 14  (1906). 

In  Municipal  ownership  and  operation:  symposium. 
Traction  history  in  Cleveland  under  Mayor  Johnson.   There  is  agitation 
only,  because  of  no  state  provision  for  municipal  ownership. 

Newcomb,  H.  T.   Cleveland's  street  railway  problems.   Moody's 
Magazine,  ii,  507-510  (1906). 
In  Municipal  ownership  and  operation:  s3rmposiimi. 

Springborn,  W.  J.    Municipal  electric  lighting  plants  for  Cleve- 
land, Ohio.    Municipal  Engineering,  xlvi,  14-15  (1914)- 
On  the  results  of  operation  of  the  plants. 

Municipal  ownership  of  water  plants.     Proc.,   Central 

States  Waterworks  Association,  1913:  31-42. 

Williams,  A.  D.    Cleveland  municipal  electric  plants.    Power, 

xxxviii,  740-742  (1913). 

A  description,  illustrated  with  photographs  and  diagrams. 

Wilson,  H.  W.    Three  cent  light  in  Cleveland.    New  York, 

1914.    II  pp. 

History  and  analysis  of  results  of  municipal  ownership  in  Cleveland. 

WooTAN,  J.  B.    The  truth  about  Cleveland.    Public  Service,  xx, 

102-103,  105  (1916). 

Statistical  analysis  of  the  results  of  the  municipal  electric  plant. 

Columbus 

Hodge,  W.  H.    Columbus:  a  city  in  the  dark.    Public  Service, 

i,  91-94  (1906). 

Description  of  the  mimidpal  street  lighting  in  Columbus. 

Wilson,  Thomas.    City  and  state  power  plants  at  Coliunbus, 
Ohio.    Power,  xlii,  322-326  (19 15). 
A  description  of  the  various  power  plants,  illustrated  with  photographs. 


p 


i? 


3S8  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTILITIES 

Hamilton 

Egbert,  H.  McC.    Failure  of  municipal  gas  plant.    Public  Ser- 
vice, i,  15-16  (1906). 

Newark 

Deacon,  W.  G.    The  pubUc  utiKties  of  Newark,  Ohio.    Public 
Service,  xiv,  5-10  (1913). 

History  and  description  of  the  service,  municipal  and  private;   illus- 
trated with  photographs. 

Troy 

Pool,  L.  A.   Municipal  lighting  plant  of  Troy,  Ohio.   Municipal 
Engineering,  xliv,  197-201  (1913). 

A  description,  with  brief  comment  on  financial  results;  illustrated  with 
photographs. 

Oklahoma 

BozELL,  H.  V.   Data  on  municipal  plant  operation  in  Oklahoma. 
?,  1916.    85  pp. 
Alphabetical,  by  cities. 

Oregon 
Eugene 

Marston,  Glenn.    Failure  of  municipal  plants  at  Eugene,  Ore. 

Public  Service,  xv,  63-65  (1913). 

A  popular  analysis,  the  writer  asserting  that  faulty  accounting  conceals 
the  conditions;  illustrated  with  photographs. 

Meyers,  Alvin.   Eugene,  Ore.,  municipal  light  and  water  plant. 
Municipal  Engineering,  xliv,  427-428  (1913). 
A  description  of  the  plant,  with  schedule  of  rates. 

Pennsylvania 

Philadelphia 

Hicks,  T.  L.    The  Philadelphia  gas  works  under  private  opera- 
tion.   World  Today,  xiii,  1037-1040  (1907). 

A  very  brief,  popular  summary  of  the  history  of  the  Philadelphia  gas 
plant  under  mimicipal  and  private  operation. 

Maltbie,  M.  R.    A  tale  of  two  cities:  water  supply  in  London 
and  Philadelphia.    Municipal  Affairs,  iii,  193-214  (1899). 
An  historical  and  comparative  study  of  the  private  supply  in  London, 
and  the  municipal  supply  in  Philadelphia,  favoring  municipal  owner- 
ship; includes  tables  of  statistics. 


MUNICIPAL  OWNERSHIP 


359 


H|l 


Philadelphia  —  continued. 

RoBBiNS,  Hayes.    Philadelphia  and  its  gas  works:   an  instance 

of  the  advantages  resulting  from  substituting  private  for 

municipal  control  of  a  public  utility.    World  Today,  vii, 

1536-1542  (1904). 

Illustrated  with  photographs;  good. 

Rogers,  J.  I.  Municipal  gas  in  Philadelphia.  Municipal  Af- 
fairs, i,  730-744  (1897). 

A  popular  historical  account,  answering  the  claim  of  the  leasing  com- 
pany that  the  municipal  operation  was  ineflSdent.  Includes  tables  of 
statistics. 

RowE,  L.  S.  The  municipality  and  the  gas  supply,  as  illustrated 
by  the  experience  of  Philadelphia.  Annals  of  the  American 
Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  xi,  301-323  (1898). 

Historical,  opposing  the  lease  of  the  municipal  gas  plant  to  a  private 
company.    Includes  tables  of  statistics. 

{In  Problems  of  city  government.    New  York,  1908.) 

241-270. 

A  good  historical  account  of  mimicipal  and  private  ownership  of  gas 
in  Philadelphia;  includes  tables  of  statistics. 

The  relation  of  the  dty  of  Philadelphia  to  the  gas  supply. 

{In  National  Civic  Federation.  Municipal  and  private 
operation  of  public  utilities.  New  York,  1907.)  Pt.  II,  vol.  i, 
588-664. 

Speirs,  F.  W.    The  Philadelphia  gas  lease.    Munidpai  Affairs, 

i,  718-729  (1897). 

A  popular  account  of  the  lease  of  the  municipal  plant,  which  the  writer 
claims  was  due  to  poUtics,  not  to  failure  of  municipal  operation. 

Street  railway  system  of  Philadelphia:    its  history  and 

present  conditions.     Johns  Hopkins  University  Studies  in 
Historical  and  Political  Science,  xv,  93-215  (1897). 
Mimicipal  ownership:  pp.  83-91. 

Wilcox,  D.  F.   Municipal  franchises:  a  description  of  the  terms 
and  conditions  upon  which  private  corporations  enjoy  special 
privileges  in  the  streets  of  American  cities.    New  York,  1910- 
1911.    2  vols. 
On  the  lease  of  the  Philadelphia  municipal  gas  plant,  see  i,  pp.  566-572. 


36o 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTILITIES 


Philadelphia  —  continued. 

Woodruff,  C.  R.  The  Philadelphia  gas  works:  a  modern  in- 
stance.   American  Journal  of  Sociology,  iii,  601-613  (1898). 

A  popular  account  of  the  lease  of  the  municipal  gas  plant,  and  the 
political  measures  employed. 

Recent   street   railway  legislation   in  Pennsylvania   and 

Philadelphia.    Municipal  Affairs,  v,  419-426  (1901). 
Brief  account  of  current  legislative  corruption. 

Tarentum 

Hudson,  Leo.  An  interesting  example  of  direct  competition 
between  publicly  and  privately  owned  waterworks  plants  in 
Tarentimi,  Pa.    Engineering  and  Contracting,  xliv,  162-163 

(1915)- 

South  Dakota 
Brookings 
SoRENG,  E.  M.    Cost  figures  from  Brookings,  S.  D.    Electrical 

World,  bdi,  1321  (1913). 

A  description  of  the  mimicipal  electric  light  plant,  illustrated  with 
photographs. 

Tennessee 
Nashville 

Head,  J.  M.  One  mayor's  experience.  Proc.,  National  Con- 
ference for  Good  City  Government,  1906:   269-276. 

A  popular  accoimt  of  the  agitation  for  mimicipal  ownership  in  Nashville 
and  of  its  effects,  the  writer  favoring  municipalization. 

Watson,  C.  C.     Nashville's  deteriorated  waterworks.     Public 
Service,  iii,  101-103  (1907). 
Description  and  history,  illustrated  with  photographs. 

Texas 

Terrell 

Kelley,  Edward.  Operating  a  central  station  against  mu- 
nicipal competition.    Public  Service,  xv,  33-36  (1913). 

Vermont 
Burlington 
Makston,  Glenn.    Municipal  electric  competition,  Burlington, 

Vt.    Public  Service,  vi,  69-70  (1909). 

Description,  with  photographs  and  some  discussion. 


MUNICIPAL  OWNERSHIP 


361 


Burlington  —  continued. 

Marston,  Glenn.     Municipal  ownership  in  Burlington,  Ver- 
mont.   Concerning  Municipal  Ownership,  iv,  71-72  (1909). 
An  analysis  of  results  of  operation  of  the  municipal  electric  light  plant. 

St.  Albans 

Renner,  C.  J.    The  experience  of  a  small  city  with  water  meters 

and  water  rates.    American  City,  xi,  474-478  (1915). 

Illustrated  with  tables  and  charts. 

ViRGINLA 

Danville 

Rogers,  W.  O.     Danville  municipal  lighting  plant.     Power, 

xliii,  572-577  (1916). 

Engineering  description,  with  photographs,  diagrams  and  tables. 

Richmond 

WooTAN,  J.  B.    Richmond  street  lighting  plant.    Public  Service, 

xxi,  170-173  (1916). 

An  analysis  of  results. 

Washington 
Seattle 

Deacon,  W.  G.    Toll  of  pohtics.    PubUc  Service,  xvii,  71-72, 
82  (1914). 
A  popular  discussion  of  results  of  municipal  electric  lighting  in  Seatde. 

Grambs,  W.  J.    The  inefficiency  of  municipal  ownership.   Stone 
and  Webster  Public  Service  Journal,  xvii,  321-348  (1915). 
History  and  analysis  of  mimidpal  ownership  in  Seattle. 

KiDSTON,  W.  L.    Seattle  municipal  lighting  plant.    Power,  xli, 
182-185  (1915). 
An  engineering  description,  with  photographs  and  diagrams. 

Marston,  Glenn.    Electric  rates  in  Seattle,  Wash.    Public  Ser- 
vice, XV,  27-30  (1913). 

An  analysis  of  the  results  of  operation  of  the  municipal  electric  plant, 
with  charts. 

Seattle,  Wash.,  municipal  electric  plant.    Public  Service, 


xvi,  63-66  (1914). 

Reply  to  criticism  of  his  previous  article. 


362 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OP  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


MUNICIPAL  OWNERSHIP 


363 


Seattle  —  continued. 

Parker,  A.  M.    The  first  municipal  street  railway  in  America. 
Independent,  Ix,  1153-1157  (1906). 

A  brief  description  of  the  West  Seattle  municipal  railway;   illustrated 
with  photographs. 

Ross,  J.  D.    The  municipal  lighting  plant  at  Seattle,  Wash. 
Municipal  Engineering,  xlv,  464-467  (1913). 
A  brief  description,  with  a  diagram  and  photograph. 

Seattle,  Wash.,  municipal  light  and  power  plant.  Municipal 

Engineering,  xliv,  556-560  (1913). 

A  description  of  the  plant  and  its  operation,  with  tables  of  rates  charged; 
iUustrated  with  a  photograph  and  chart. 

Spokane 

Marston,  Glenn.    Spokane,  Wash.,  waterworks  heavy  loser. 

Public  Service,  xv,  101-103  (1913). 

A  brief  analysis  of  the  results  of  municipal  operation. 
Tacoma 
Richards,  R.  H.     Tacoma's  Nisqually  River  development. 

Electrical  World,  hdi,  227-229  (1913). 

An  engineering  description  of  the  mimicipal  hydroelectric  station,  illus- 
trated with  photographs. 

West  Virginia 
Wheeling 

Deacon,  W.  G.    Sale  of  Wheeling  gas  plant  urged.    Public  Ser- 
vice, vi,  115-117  (1909). 

Lyons,  B.  F.    Municipal  ownership.    Progressive  Age,  xxiv,  39- 

46  (1906). 

Discussion  of  method  of  studying  results  of  existing  mimidpal  plants, 
with  analyses  of  the  results  in  Wheeling,  Manchester  and  Sheffield 
for  illustration. 

Municipal  ownership  of  gas  works.    Municipal  Engineer- 
ing, XXX,  49-58  (1906). 

Wisconsin 

Larson,  C.  M.    State  regulation  of  municipally  owned  plants. 

Journal  of  the  American  Waterworks  Association,  ii,  515-537 

(1915)- 

On  the  benefits  of  regulation,  especially  as  to  service.  Illustrated  by 
results  in  Wisconsin;  with  tables  of  statistics. 


Chippewa  Falls 

Gordon,  F.  G.  R.    Chippewa  Falls  defeats  mimicipal  ownership. 
Concerning  Municipal  Ownership,  ix,  103-105  (1916). 

Madison 

Heim,*  J.  B.    Municipal  ownership  of  waterworks.    Municipal 

Engineering,  xvii,  87-90  (1899). 

History  of  the  municipal  waterworks  of  Madison. 

Milwaukee 

Bernhard,  F.  H.    Milwaukee's  new  municipal  lighting  system. 

Mimicipal  Journal,  xl,  645-648,  683-685  (1916). 
Engineering  description,  illustrated  with  photographs. 

Austria 

Fairlie,  J.  A.    Municipal  government  in  Vienna.    (In  Essays  in 
municipal  administration.   New  York,  1908.)   316-329. 
Discusses  municipal  ownership  briefly  (pp.  323-329). 

Belgium 

WmsLOW,  A.  A.    City  ownership  of  street  cars  in  Li6ge.    U.  S. 
Consular  Reports,  Ixv,  no.  246,  332-334  (1901). 
A  brief  account  of  the  dty  purchase  and  leasing  of  the  tramways. 

Canada 

Beecher,  H.  W.    Kamloops'  steam  turbine  power  plant.    Mu- 
nicipal Journal,  xxxvii,  592-594  (1914). 
An  engineering  description,  illustrated  with  photographs. 

BoLTON,  R.  P.    Cheap  electricity  in  Toronto.    Concerning  Mu- 
nicipal Ownership,  ix,  8-10  (191 6). 
Supplementary  to  "  Our  interest  in  Canadian  operations." 

Favoritism  in  rates.     Concerning  Municipal  Ownership, 

viii,  278-281  (1915). 

Supplementary  to  "  Our  interest  in  Canadian  operations." 

The  financial  methods  of  the  power  commission.    Concern- 
ing Municipal  Ownership,  viii,  230-233  (191 5). 
Supplementary  to  "  Our  interest  in  Canadian  operations." 

General  results  of  public  operation  in  Ontario.   Concerning 


Municipal  Ownership,  ix,  62-63  (^Q^^). 
Supplementary  to  **  Our  interest  in  Canadian  operations. 


•l 


Wf 


364  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTILITIES 

Bolton,  R.  P.     Government  electric  railways.    Concerning  Mu- 
nicipal Ownership,  viii,  254-257  (1915). 
Supplementary  to  "  Our  interest  in  Canadian  operations." 

Our  interest  in  Canadian  operations.     Concerning  Mu- 
nicipal Ownership,  viii,  206-209  (1915)- 
On  the  hydroelectric  power  commission  of  Ontario. 

Chace,  W.  G.    Winnipeg  municipal  electric  system.    Engineer- 
ing News,  Ixviii,  12-20  (191 2). 
Engineering  description,  with  diagrams  and  photographs. 

Christie,  A.  G.     Calgary's  municipal  power  plant.     Power, 

xliii,  352-357,  389-390  (1916). 

Chiefly  descriptive,  but  includes  brief  discussion  of  rates  and  operation. 
Illustrated  with  diagrams  and  photographs. 

Lethbridge  municipal  power  plant.     Power,  xliii,  462-466 

(1916). 

Description,  with  photographs,  tables  and  a  diagram. 

Municipal  electrical  utilities  of  western  Canada.    Power, 

xliii,  378-381  (1916). 

A  brief  survey  of  equipment  and  itemized  production  costs,  including 
tables  and  conclusions  from  investigation. 


Municipal  power  plant  at  Medicine  Hat.     Power,  xliii, 

138-142  (1916). 

Description,  with  photographs,  diagrams  and  Ubles. 

Municipal  power  plant  operated  by  Saskatoon,  Canada. 

Power,  xliii,  606-609  (191 6). 

Engineering  description,  with  photographs,  tables  and  a  diagram. 

Regina   municipal  power  plant.     Power,   xlii,    776-781 

(1915)- 

Engineering  description,  illustrated  with  photographs  and  diagrams. 

Gordon,  F.  G.  R.    The  seamy  side  of  a  famous  municipal  enter- 
prise.   Concerning  Municipal  Ownership,  ix,  30-32  (1916). 
Analysis  of  results  in  Winnipeg. 

The  truth  about  Calgary.    Concerning  Municipal  Owner- 
ship, ix,  6  (1916). 

Analysis  of  the  results  of  the  various  mimidpal  enterprises. 


MUNICIPAL  OWNERSHIP 


36s 


Hardenburg,  W.  E.    Calgary's  municipal  street  railway.    Mu- 
nicipal Journal,  xxxix,  395-397  (1915)- 

A  description  and  discussion  of  operating  results,  illustrated  with 
photographs. 

HocKEN,  H.  C.    The  hydroelectric  system  in  Toronto.    Annals 

of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science, 

Ivii,  246-253  (1915)- 
HoLLOWAY,  W.  R.     Municipal  ownership  in  Canada.     U.S. 

Consular  Reports,  Ixxv,  no.  285,  971-972  (1904)- 

Current  statistics  on  municipal  ownership  in  Canada. 

MacLean,   a.     Municipal   ownership   in   Edmonton.     Proc, 
American  Waterworks  Association,  xxix,  593*597  (1909)- 
Discussion:    pp.  597-608.     An  outline  of  the  municipal  activities  of 
Edmonton. 

Melling,  H.  T.    Operating  costs  for  mimicipal  gas  engine  plant. 
Power,  xliv,  13-14  (191 6). 

Description  of  plant  and  operation  at  Edmonton,  illustrated  with  two 
photographs. 

Sara,  R.  A.    Another  municipal  electric  plant  supplying  lighting 
current  at  3  cents  per  kw.-hr.,    Engineering  News,  Ixxii,  655- 

656  (1914). 

An  account  of  the  Winnipeg  plant,  with  tables  of  rates  and  operating 
statistics. 

France 

HoLCOMBE,  A.  N.    The  electric  lighting  system  of  Paris.    Politi- 
cal Science  Quarterly,  xxvi,  122-132  (1911)- 
A  good  historical  account  of  the  municipal  and  private  plants. 

Leroy-Beaulieu,  Paul.    Public  ownership  in  France.    North 
American  Review,  cxcvii,  295-311  (1913)- 
An  historical  analysis  and  discussion  of  various  government  industries 

in  France,  railroads  and  public  utilities  being  included;    opposes 

public  ownership. 

Whttten,  R.  H.    The  Paris  subway  system:  with  special  refer- 
ence to  franchise  terms  and  conditions.    Engineering  News, 

Ixv,  70-75  (1911)- 

An  excellent  description;  includes  a  map. 


",t 


366         BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Germany 

Barnes,  C.  E.    Municipal  tramways  in  Cologne.    U.  S.  Consu- 
lar Reports,  Ixviii,  no.  258,  369-370  (1902). 

A  very  brief  account  of  the  municipal  purchase  and  operation  of  the 
tramways. 

Bassett,  E.  M.    Municipal  ownership  of  public  utilities  in  Ger- 
many.   American  City,  viii,  364-366  (1913). 
Abstract. 

Brooks,  R.  C.    The  municipal  gas  works  in  Berlin.    Yale  Re- 
view, xiv,  361-373;  XV,  24-39  (1906). 
Detailed  historical  study;  with  tables  of  data. 

Municipalization  of  the  Berlin  electric  works.    Quarterly 

Journal  of  Economics,  xxx,  188-194  (1915). 

Brief  historical  account  of  the  plant  under  private  ownership,  and  of 
its  recent  municipal  purchase. 

Dawson,  W.  H.    Trading  enterprises.    {In  Municipal  life  and 
government  in  Germany.    London,  1914.)    208-259. 

A  brief  historical  description  of  the  various  municipal  trading  enter- 
prises, public  utilities  being  treated  only  incidentally. 

DuBois,  J.  T.    Municipal  electric  light  and  power  in  Germany. 
U.  S.  Consular  Reports,  Ixvi,  no.  211,  546  (1898). 
A  very  brief  list  of  cities  in  which  the  municipality  owns,  has  built  or 
leases  the  gas  and  electric  plants.    Of  historical  interest  only. 

Fairue,  J.  A.    Municipal  conditions  in  some  European  cities. 
{In  Essays  in  municipal  administration.    New  York,  1908.) 
303-315- 
Historical  sketches  of  utility  conditions  in  various  German  cities. 

Heyn,  E.  T.  The  municipal  ownership  of  street  railways  in 
Germany.  American  Monthly  Review  of  Reviews,  xxxv, 
329-333  (1907). 

Recent  history  of  mimidpal  ownership  in  Germany.  Mu- 
nicipal Affairs,  vi,  614-621  (1903). 

Howe,  F.  C.    Socializing  the  means  of  transit.    {In  European 
cities  at  work.    New  York,  1913.)    177-188. 
A  very  popular  account  of  municipal  ownership  of  traction  in  Germany. 


MUNICIPAL  OWNERSHIP 


367 


James,  E.  J.    Municipal  gas  and  electricity  in  a  typical  German 
city  —  Halle,  A/S.    Municipal  Affairs,  iv,  574-594  (1900). 
History  and  analysis,  with  tables  of  data. 

Meyer,  H.  R.    Municipal  ownership  in  Germany.    Journal  of 

Political  Economy,  xiv,  553-567  (1906). 

An  annotated  historical  study,  with  tables  of  statistics.    Street  railways 
and  electric  lighting  are  discussed  separately. 

RowE,  L.  S.    Municipal  ownership  and  operation  of  street  rail- 
ways in  Germany.     Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of 
Political  and  Social  Science,  xxvii,  37-65  (1906). 
Good  critical  and  historical  account,  with  tables  of  statistics. 

{In  Problems  of  city  government.    New  York,  1908.) 

281-329. 
Reprint. 

Tawney,  R.  H.    Municipal  enterprise  in  (jermany.    Economic 
Review,  xx,  423-437  (1910). 

A  good  economic  analysis;   with  tables  of  statistics. 

YouNGMAN,  Anna.    Frankfort-on-the-Main:    a  study  in  Prus- 
sian communal  finance.     Quarterly  Journal  of  Economics, 
xxvii,  150-201,  329-372  (1913). 
Public  utilities  are  discussed  on  pp.  332-343. 

Great  Britain 

Alden,  Percy.   Municipal  ownership.    {In  Democratic  England. 
New  York,  191 2.)    192-214. 

Ashley,  Percy.    The  water,  gas  and  electric  light  supply  of 

London.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and 

Social  Science,  xxvii,  20-36  (1906). 

Historical  account,  each  class  of  utiUties  treated  separately;    brief 
account  of  miuiicipalization;  tables  of  data. 

AvEBURY,  J.  L.    On  municipal  and  national  trading.    New  York, 

1907.    177  pp. 

Discusses  loss  and  profit  from  municipal  public  utility  operation,  pp. 
73-89.    The  writer  opposes  municipalization. 

Balmforth,  Owen.     The  progress  of  mimidpal  government. 
Westminster  Review,  clxxi,  272-280  (1909). 


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368 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


Bell,  Sir  James,  and  Paton,  James.    Glasgow:   its  municipal 
organization  and  administration.    Glasgow,  1896.    426  pp. 
Ch.  V.  Public  lighting. 

xxvi.  Corporation  gas  and  electricity, 
xxviii.  The  corporation  tramways. 

History  and  description  of  the  services. 

Bellamy,  C.  R.    Public  transportation:  with  special  reference 

to  Liverpool   tramways.     Municipal   Affairs,   vi,   706-711 

(1902). 

An  historical  account,  with  tables  of  statistics.    Concludes  that  mu- 
nicipal ownership  has  been  successful. 

Bemis,  E.  W.     Street  railways.     {In  Municipal  monopolies. 

4th  edition.    New  York,  1904.)    505-583. 

An  extensive  historical  study.    The  history  of  municipal  ownership  in 
Great  Britain  is  described  by  cities,  pp.  569-583. 

Blake,  H.  W.  Contrast  between  company  and  mimidpal  owner- 
ship and  management  of  public  utilities.  Street  Railway 
Journal,  xxvi,  28-31  (1905). 

Considers  the  results  of  municipal  ownership  in  Great  Britain,  and 
applies  them  to  conditions  in  the  United  States. 

Boyle,  James.  Municipal  socialism  in  England.  Municipal 
Journal  and  Engineer,  xiv,  267-269  (1903). 

Municipal  socialism  in  Great  Britain.  U.  S.  Consular  Re- 
ports, bdx,  no.  262,  375-385  (1902). 

An  accoimt  of  the  municipal  enterprises  in  various  cities,  public  util- 
ities being  discussed  only  incidentally. 

Municipal  Affairs,  vi,  268-274  (1902). 


Reprint. 


Mimidpal  Journal  and  Engineer,  xii,  244-245;    xiii, 

9-10  (1902). 

A  discussion  of  municipal  trading  in  Liverpool,  public  utilities  being 
treated  only  incidentally. 

British  Board  of  Trade.  The  financial  position  of  tramway  un- 
dertakings: owned  and  worked  by  municipal  corporations 
as  indicated  by  the  tramway  and  light  railways  return  of  the 
board  of  trade  for  1908-1909.  Tramway  and  Railway  World, 
xxvii,  185-188  (1910). 
An  analysis  of  English  municipal  ownership  statistics;    with  tables. 


^r\ 


MUNICIPAL  OWNERSHIP 


369 


Brooks,  Sydney.  Public  ownership  abroad.  Concerning  Mu- 
nicipal Ownership,  vi,  229-231  (1913);  vii,  157-160,  181-183 
(1914). 

BuRDETT,  E.  W.  The  agitation  for  municipal  ownership  in  the 
United  States:  its  origin,  meaning  and  proper  treatment. 
Proc.,  National  Electric  Light  Association,  1906:  vol.  i,  537- 

555- 

Includes  an  analysis  of  results  of  municipal  ownership  in  Great  Britain, 
which  the  writer  believes  less  successful  than  conmionly  thought. 

Municipal  ownership  in  Great  Britain.   Journal  of  Political 

Economy,  xiv,  257-314  (1906). 

An  excellent  and  thorough  study  of  results,  with  tables  of  statistics. 
The  writer  concludes  that  as  a  whole  mimicipal  ownership  there  has 
not  been  successful,  and  that  success  would  not  mean  similar  results 
in  this  coimtry  because  of  different  conditions. 

CmsHOLM,  Samuel.     Municipal  enterprises.     Glasgow,  1901. 
70  pp. 
Descriptive. 

Clark,  W.  J.  British  mimicipal  tramway  conditions.  Aera,  i, 
658-664  (1913). 

The  writer  concludes  that  British  tramway  fares  are  but  little  below 
ours,  and  without  question  unprofitable. 

British  tramways.    {In  National  Civic  Federation.    Mu- 
nicipal and  private  operation  of  public  utilities.    New  York, 
1907.)    Pt.  I,  vol.  i,  444-476. 
A  study  of  conditions  and  results  of  operation. 

The  figures  in  the  case.    Public  Service,  iv,  89-94  (1908). 

Municipal  ownership  in  Great  Britain  and  in  the  United 


States.     Proc,  American  Street  and  Interurban  Railway 

Association,  1907:  271-284. 

A  comparison  of  English  and  American  street  railways,  with  analysis  of 
results.    The  conclusions  are  strongly  in  favor  of  private  operation. 

Commons,  J.  R.,  and  Sullivan,  J.  W.  Labor  and  politics: 
British  gas,  electric  supply  and  tramways.  {In  National 
Civic  Federation.  Municipal  and  private  operation  of  public 
utilities.    New  York,  1907.)    Pt.  II,  vol.  ii,  550-627. 


370         BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  VTIUTIES 

Commons,  J.  R.,  and  Sullivan,  J.  W.  Labor  and  politics:  gas, 
electric  supply  and  tramways.  (In  National  Civic  Federa- 
tion. Municipal  and  private  operation  of  public  utilities. 
New  York,  1907.)    Pt.  II,  vol.  ii,  1-112. 

Crawford,  N.  McD.,  and  Woodward,  J.  H.  Engineering 
matters:  British  tramways,  (/n  National  Civic  Federation. 
Municipal  and  private  operation  of  public  utilities.  New 
York,  1907.)    Pt.  II,  vol.  ii,  453-474- 

Crawford,  Robert.  Glasgow's  experience  with  municipal 
ownership  and  operation.  Annals  of  the  American  Academy 
of  Political  and  Social  Science,  xxvii,  1-19  (1906). 

Good  descriptive,  historical  and  critical  account. 

Daniels,  C.  N.    Municipal  ownership  in  Shefl5eld.    U.  S.  Con- 
sular Reports,  no.  294,  64-67  (1905). 
A  brief  statistical  analysis. 

Darwin,  Leonard.  Municipal  trade:  the  advantages  and  dis- 
advantages resulting  from  the  substitution  of  representative 
bodies  for  private  proprietors  in  the  management  of  indus- 
trial undertakings.    New  York,  1903.    464  pp. 

An  excellent  analysis,  with  some  discussion  of  results  in  Great  Britain. 
Includes  a  few  tables  of  statistics. 

Donald,  Robert.    The  case  for  municipal  trading.    Contem- 
porary Review,  kxxiii,  485-500,  623-639  (1903). 
An  answer  to  various  arguments  against  municipal  ownership  in  Great 
Britain,  with  an  analysis  of  results.    Includes  tables  of  statistics. 

Recent  attacks  on  municipal  ownership  in  Great  Britain. 

Municipal  Affairs,  vi,  579-613  (1902). 

Historical  and  critical  analysis,  in  answer  to  attacks  on  municipal  owner- 
ship, which  the  writer  asserts  are  stimulated  by  people  interested  in 
the  companies.    Includes  many  tables  of  statistics. 

Street  railways  in  British  towns:  municipal  systems  com- 
pared with  company  enterprises.  Municipal  Affairs,  iv,  31- 
39  (1900). 

A  popular  comparison  of  Enghsh  municipal  and  private  tramway  opera- 
tion, the  conclusion  being  favorable  to  municipal  ownership  under 
British  conditions  of  local  government. 


MUNICIPAL  OWNERSHIP 


371 


Donald,  Robert.    Success  of  municipal  ownership  in  Great 
Britain.    Street  Railway  Journal,  xxi,  30-35»  72-76  (1903)- 
An  answer  to  statements  by  certain  opponents  of  municipal  ownership, 
with  illustrative  statistics. 

Fairlie,  J.  A.    Municipal  activities  in  Great  Britain.    {In  Es- 
says in  municipal  administration.    New  York,  1908.)     287- 

302. 

An  historical  discussion  of  municipal  ownership  in  various  cities. 

Glasgow  (Corporation).    Handbook  on  the  municipal  enter- 
prises.   Glasgow,  1904.    147  pp. 

Gas:  pp.  1 1 2-1 14. 

Water:  pp.  114-119- 

Electricity:  pp.  120-124. 

Tramways:  pp.  125-129. 

On  the  history  and  present  status  of  municipal  ownership  in  Glasgow. 

Gordon,  F.  G.  R.    Street  railways  of  Boston  vs.  the  tramways  of 
Glasgow.     Concerning  Municipal  Ownership,  viii,  201-204 

(1915)- 

The  writer  opposes  municipalization. 

GuYOT,  Yves.     Where  and  why  public  ownership  has  failed. 

New  York,  1914.    459  PP- 

Operation  of  gas  and  electricity  in  the  United  Kingdom:  pp.  127-135. 

Tramways  in  Great  Briuin:  pp.  136-150. 

Hale,  R.  S.     Municipal  ownership  in  England:    the  British 
problem  considered  from  an  American  viewpoint.    Cassier's 
Magazine,  xxxii,  3-11,  178-185,  237-249  (1907)- 
An  analysis  of  the  results  of  municipal  ownership  of  various  utilities. 

The  writer  concludes  that  the  municipal  enterprises  in  England  are 

well  run  but  with  little  initiative. 

Hamlen,E.W.    Glasgow  and  its  municipal  tramways.   Moody's 
Magazine,  ii,  652-655  (1906). 
In  Municipal  ownership  and  operation:  symposium. 
A  brief  comparison  of  Glasgow  and  Boston  traction,  favoring  private 
ownership. 

Hamm,  W.  C.    City-owned  street  cars.    U.  S.  Consular  Reports, 
no.  286,  121-125  (1904). 

A  brief  historical  sketch  and  description  of  the  tramways  in  Hull,  illus- 
trated with  photographs. 


n 


372         BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Hamm,  W.  C.    City-owned  street  cars.    Engineering  Record.  1. 
173-176(1904). 

Howe,  F  C.    The  British  city:   the  beginnings  of  democracy. 
New  York,  1907.    370  pp. 

Ch.  vi.  The  growth  and  extent  of  municipal  trading, 
vii.  The  cities  and  the  tramways, 
viii.  The  gas  supply, 
ix.  The  electricity  supply. 

^r!»^^f ''^  ¥.«^  S'^t*  '"P"'*^  ^'^•^y  "f  the  history  and  manage- 
ment of  munjcipal  utilities  in  Great  Britain.  The  writer  favors  mu- 
nicipal  ownership. 

^^Does  municipal  ownership  pay?    (/n  The  city:   the  hope 
of  democracy.    New  York,  1906.)    136-157. 
A  popular  analysis  of  the  results  of  municipal  ownership  in  Great  Britain 

the  wnter  favonng  municipalization.    Includes  some  tables  of  statist 

European  cities  at  work.    New  York,  1913.    370  pp. 


Municipal  ownership  of  the  gas  supply:  pp.  328-333 
Municipal  transit  in  Great  Britain:  pp.  334-344. 


Municipal  ownership  in  Great  Britam.     Bulletin  of  the 
Bureau  of  Labor,  no.  62,  1-123  (1906). 

A  thorough  historical  study  and  analysis;  good.   The  writer  favors  mu- 
nicipalization. 

James,  R.  C,  and  Turner,  E.  H.    General  remarks  upon  finan- 

aal  conditions.    (/«  National  Civic  Federation.    Municipal 

and  pnvate  operation  of  pubUc  utiHties.    New  York   1007) 
Pt.  n,  vol.  ii,  628H547.  '    ^^'' 

KLraPP,  J.  B.,  and  Winchester,  A.  E.    Engineering  matters: 
British  electricity  supply  works.    {In  National  Civic  Federa- 
tion.     Municipal  and  private  operation  of  public  utiUties 
New  York,  1907.)    Pt.  H,  vol.  ii,  292-382. 

Knoop,  Douglas.   Principles  and  metiiods  of  municipal  trading. 
London,  191 2.    409  pp. 
A  thorough,  critical  and  historical  study. 

Lo^LL,  A.  L.    Municipal  trading.     (/«  The  government  of 
England.    2d  edition.    New  York,  1912.)    11,233-267 


MUNICIPAL  OWNERSHIP 


373 


Lyons,  B.  F.    Municipal  ownership.    Progressive  Age,  xxiv,  39- 
46  (1906). 

Discussion  of  method  of  studying  results  of  existing  mimicipal  plants, 
with  analyses  of  the  results  in  Wheeling,  Manchester  and  Sheffield 
for  illustration. 

Municipal  ownership  of  gas  works.   Mimicipal  Engineering, 

XXX,  49-58  (1906). 

McKerrow,  H.  G.     Some  results  in  municipal  ownership  in 
Great  Britain.    Arena,  xxxvii,  387-395  (1907). 
A  popular  analysis  of  mimicipal  ownership  results  in  Great  Britain. 

For  a  reply,  see  Frank  Parsons,  "  Mr.  McKerrow^s  argument  against 

municipal  ownership." 

Mahin,  F.  W.    Nottingham  municipal  tramway.    U.  S.  Con- 
sular Reports,  Ixxiv,  no.  280,  82  (1904). 

On  the  results  of  operation;  the  writer  considers  municipal  operation 
highly  successful. 

Maltbie,  M.  R.     Gas  lighting  in  Great  Britain.     Mimicipal 

Affairs,  iv,  538-573  (1900)- 

A  good  historical  study  and  analysis.  Concludes  that  municipal  owner- 
ship has  been  more  successful  than  private. 

General  history  and  legislation:   British  electricity  supply 

works.  (In  National  Civic  Federation.  Municipal  and  pri- 
vate operation  of  public  utilities.  New  York,  1907.)  Pt.  II, 
vol.  ii,  248-291. 

General  history  and  legislation:    British  gas  works.     (In 

National  Civic  Federation.  Municipal  and  private  operation 
of  public  UtiUties.   New  York,  1907.)     Pt.  II,  vol.  ii,  113-161. 

General  history  and  legislation:    British  tramways.     (In 

National  Civic  Federation.  Municipal  and  private  opera- 
tion of  public  UtiUties.    New  York,  1907.)      Pt.  II,  vol.  u, 

383-452. 

Glasgow's  municipal  tramways.     Municipal  Affairs,  iv, 

40-59  (1900). 

A  brief  description  and  analysis,  with  tables  of  statistics. 

Municipal  and  private  management  of  gas  and  electricity 

in  Great  Britain.    (In  National  Civic  Federation.    Mimicipal 


~li 


u 


I 


374  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

and  private  operation  of  public  utilities.    New  York   1007) 
Pt.  I,  vol.  i,  185-261.  '        ' 

A  detailed  analysis  of  results. 

Marston,  Glenn.    Municipal  ownership  in  England.    Public 
Service,  xii,  45-46,  87-88,  187-188,  235-236  (1912). 
General  discussion,  and  history  by  cities.    The  writer  concludes  that 

municipal  plants  m  England  as  a  rule  are  failures  both  financiaUy 

and  as  to  service. 

Mawdesley,  R.  T.    Municipal  electricity  supply  at  Johannes- 
burg.   Electrical  Review  (London),  baviii,  89-91,  loo-ioi 
153-155,  165-166  (1916). 
An  engineering  description,  with  photographs,  diagrams  and  tables. 

Meyer,  H.  R.    Great  Britain's  lesson.    Moody's  Magazine  ii 
532-534(1906).  '    ' 

In  Municipal  ownership  and  operation:  symposium. 
The  wnter  asserts  that  lack  of  corruption  in  England  is  not  a  valid  argu- 
ment,  for  there  was  none  before  municipalization. 

Municipal  ownership  in  Great  Britain.    New  York,  1906 
340  pp. 

An  historical  and  critical  study.    The  author  favore  private  ownership. 

Journal  of  Political  Economy,  idii,  481-505  (1905). 
An  historical  and  analytical  study,  with  tables  of  statistics.    The  writer 

oppo^s  municipal  ownership.    Summary  of  several  chapters  of  his 

book  by  the  same  title. 


Public  Service,  xxi,  8^-91  (1916). 
A  brief  selection  from  his  book  of  the  same  title. 

MiNSHALL,  T.  H.    London's  electrical  future.    Fortnightly  Re- 
view, bcDdx  (new  series,  bGodii),  498-511  (1908). 
The  history  of  the  electrical  supply  of  London,  and  its  municipalization. 

Newbigging,  William,  and  Klumpp,  J.  B.  Engineering  mat- 
ters: British  gas  works.  {In  National  Civic  Federation. 
Municipal  and  private  operation  of  pubKc  utiUtes.  New 
York,  1907.)    Pt.  n,  vol.  ii,  162-207. 

Owen,  Mark.  PubUc  ownership  and  the  increase  of  taxation 
in  Great  Britain.  Concerning  Municipal  Ownership,  vi  152- 
156  (1913)- 


MUNICIPAL  OWNERSHIP 


375 


Parsons,  Frank.  British  tramway  history.  {In  National  Civic 
Federation.  Municipal  and  private  operation  of  public  util- 
ities.   New  York,  1907.)    Pt.  II,  vol.  ii,  699-747. 

British  tramways.    {In  National  Civic  Federation.    Mu- 
nicipal and  private  operation  of  public  utilities.    New  York, 
1907.)    Pt.  I,  vol.  i,  261-302. 
A  detailed  analysis  of  the  results  of  operation. 

Glasgow's  great  record;  a  complete  history  of  the  pioneer 

experiment  in  municipal  ownership  of  street  car  service  in 

Great  Britain.    Arena,  xxxii,  461-472  (1904). 

A  popular  accoimt,  with  tables  of  statistics;   favors  municipal  owner- 
ship. 

Mr.  McKerrow's  argument  against  mimicipal  ownership. 


Arena,  xxxvii,  396-400  (1907). 

A  reply  to  H.  G.  McKerrow,  "  Some  results  in  municipal  ownership  in 
Great  Britain." 

Pearson,  George.  Municipal  trading.  Electrical  Engineer, 
new  series,  xxiii,  753-757  (1899). 

An  historical  account  and  analysis  with  tables  of  statistics.  The  writer 
favors  municipal  ownership. 

Perkins,  F.  C.    Municipal  electric  railways  at  Wellington,  New 
Zealand.    Electrical  Review,  xlix,  247-250  (1906). 
A  description,  illustrated  with  photographs. 

PoicERENE,  W.  R.  Observations  on  tramways  in  Great  Britain. 
Electric  Traction  Weekly,  vi,  1303-1307,  1333-1334,  1363- 
1365  (1910). 

Part  I  describes  the  Glasgow  system,  part  II  the  Liverpool  system,  and 
part  III  the  Manchester  and  Belfast  systems.  An  interesting  study 
and  discussion. 

Porter,  R.  P.  The  dangers  of  municipal  ownership.  New  York, 
1907-    356  pp. 

An  historical  study  of  municipal  ownership  in  Great  Britain,  with  appli- 
cation of  the  conclusion  to  conditions  in  the  United  States. 

The  dangers  of  municipal  trading.   London,  1907.   320  pp. 

An  English  reprint  of  "  The  dangers  of  municipal  ownership,"  with 
two  additional  chapters. 


•I 


376         BIBUOGRAPEY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 

Porter,  R.  P.    European  and  American  methods  and  results 
compared.    Municipal  Affairs,  vi,  539-578  (1902). 
A  popular  historical  discussion  and  comparison  of  municipal  ownership 
in  Great  Britain  and  private  ownership  in  the  United  States;   with 
tables  of  data.    The  writer  strongly  advocates  private  ownership. 

Failure  of  municipal  ownership  in  England.   Street  Railway 

Journal,  xx,  153-158,  310-314  (1902). 

RoYSE,  C.  A.    Will  public  ownership  increase  or  diminish  politi- 
cal corruption  ?    Arena,  xxxviii,  373-384  (1907). 
An  historical  sketch  of  political  corruption  in  England  from  the  earliest 
times.    The  writer  concludes  that  public  ownership  of  monopolies  will 
decrease  corruption. 

Smithson,  R.  A.   Municipal  operation  of  tramways:  some  points 
of  a  conmiittee's  policy.   Tramway  and  Railway  World,  1906: 
339-341. 
Discussion:  pp.  341-347-    On  the  municipal  street  railways  of  Leeds. 

Taylor,  Benjamin.    Municipal  Glasgow.    North  American  Re- 
view, clxxxiv,  590-603  (1907). 

A  popular  analysis  of  the  good  and  bad  points  of  the  different  municipal 
activities.  The  writer  states  that  "  the  more  *  municipalizing  '  it  be- 
comes, the  more  its  (tax)  rates  grow." 

The  municipal  ownership  of  tramways  in  the  United  King- 
dom.   Cassier's  Magazine,  xvi,  381-388  (1899). 

A  popular  analysis  of  municipal  operation  in  various  cities,  with  tables 
of  statistics.    The  writer  favors  private  ownership. 

TowLER,  W.  G.    Socialism  in  local  government.    New  York, 

1909-   336  pp. 

A  popular  study  of  the  increase  in  municipal  socialism  in  Great  Britain, 
the  writer  opposing  mimicipal  trading. 

Turner,  E.  H.,  and  James,  R.  C.  Financial  matters:  British 
gas  works.  {In  National  Civic  Federation.  Municipal  and 
private  operation  of  public  utilities.  New  York,  1907.) 
Pt.  n,  vol.  ii,  208-247. 

Financial  matters:  British  tramways.    {In  National 

Civic  Federation.   Municipal  and  private  operation  of  public 
utilities.    New  York,  1907.)    Pt  H,  vol.  ii,  475-515. 


MUNICIPAL  OWNERSHIP 


377 


Williams,  E.  E.  How  London  loses  by  municipal  ownership. 
North  American  Review,  clxxxiii,  729-736  (1906). 

Wilson,  Alexander.  Presidential  address:  Institution  of  gas 
engineers,  annual  meeting,  June,  1911.  Journal  of  Gas 
Lighting,  Water  Supply  and  Sanitary  Improvement,  adv, 

725-734(19")- 

A  very  good  historical  sketch  of  the  Glasgow  gas  works  under  private 

and  municipal  management,  and  an  engineering  description  of  the 

plant.   Includes  diagrams  and  tables  of  statistics. 

Italy 

Bachi,  Riccardo.    Public  gas  works  in  Italy.    Mimicipal  Af- 
fairs, iv,  595-<^5  (1900)- 
A  brief  historical  account,  various  cities  being  discussed  separately. 

Fairlte,  J.  A.    Municipal  government  in  Italy.    {In  Essays  in 

municipal  administration.    New  York,  1908.)    330-349. 

Includes  a  very  brief  discussion  of  public  utilities  and  municipal  owner- 
ship in  various  cities. 

Magrini,  Effren.    Milan  street  railways.    Municipal  Affairs, 

vi,  116-123  (1902). 

A  description  of  the  Milan  system  of  municipal  ownership  and  private 
operation,  which  is  asserted  to  be  a  success.  Includes  tables  of  sta- 
tistics. 

Japan 

Katagiri,  Yosmo.  Municipal  electric  road  of  Osaka.  Municipal 

Journal  and  Engineer,  xxvi,  1 71-173  (1909). 

A  brief  description  of  the  only  municipal  street  railway  in  Japan;  illus- 
trated with  a  map  and  photographs. 

Sweden 

Andreason,  E.     Substation  of  Stockholm  mimicipal  S3rstem. 

Electrical  World,  bd,  1305-1308  (1913). 

Description  of  plant  and  operating  features,  illustrated  with  photo- 
graphs. 

Switzerland 

LiEBERKNECHT,  A.  Development  of  Zurich  tramways.  U.  S. 
Consular  Reports,  Ixv,  no.  245,  236-237  (1901). 


378  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MUNICIPAL  UTIUTIES 


REGULATION  OF  MUNICIPAL  PLANTS 

Baker,  M.  N.    Municipal  ownership  and  operation  of  water- 
works.   Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and 
Social  Science,  Ivii,  279-281  (1915). 
Favors  state  supervision  of  municipal  water  plants. 

Erickson,  Halford.  The  advantages  of  state  regulation.  An- 
nals of  the  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Sodal  Science, 
Ivii,  123-162  (1915). 

The  writer  believes  that  municipally  owned  plants  need  regulation  as 
much  as  do  private. 

FooTE,  A.  R.  Regulation  and  taxation  of  public  service  cor- 
porations.   Mimicipal  Aflfairs,  vi,  749-764  (1902). 

The  writer  believes  that  municipal  plants  should  be  regulated  and  taxed 
the  same  as  private  plants. 

Holmes,  F.  L.    State  control  of  municipally  owned  plants.    (In 
Regulation  of  railroads  and  public  utilities  in  Wisconsin. 
New  York,  1915.)    277-288. 
On  the  experience  of  the  Wisconsin  commission. 

King,  C.  L.  Municipal  ownership  versus  adequate  regulation. 
(In  The  regulation  of  municipal  utilities.    New  York,  191 2.) 

23-55- 

The  writer  believes  that  municipal  plants  should  be  regulated  and  that 
the  expense  of  regulation  will  be  no  less  than  under  private  ownership. 

Larson,  C.  M.  State  regulation  of  municipally  owned  plants. 
Journal  of  the  American  Waterworks  Association,  ii,  515-537 
(1915)- 

On  the  benefits  of  regulation,  especially  as  to  service.     Illustrated  by 
results  in  Wisconsin,  with  tables  of  statistics. 

Smith,  J.  A.    Effect  of  state  regulation  of  public  utilities  upon 
municipal  home  rule.    Annals  of  the  American  Academy  of 
Political  and  Sodal  Science,  liii,  85-93  (1914)' 
Opposes  state  regulation  of  municipal  plants. 


INDEX 


INDEX 


Abady,  Jacques,  Suggested  testing  regu- 
lations, 184. 

Abell,  H.  C,  Difl5cult  problems  commis- 
sions are  endeavoring  to  solve,  9;  Rates 
for  electric  service,  271. 

Abendroth,  H.  G.,  Overhead  charges  m 
valuation,  224. 

Accounting  for  depreciation,  su  Depre- 
dation. 

Accounting,  uniform,  lySff. 

Achatz,  R.  v.,  Determination  of  unit 
prices  on  material,  215. 

AcKerman,  J.  W.,  Municipal  electrical 
conduit  system  of  the  city  of  Auburn, 
82. 

Actual  cost,  su  Valuation,  theories  and 
meUiods. 

Adams,  A.  D.,  Cause  and  results  of  munic- 
ipal gas  plants,  319;  Cost  of  light  in 
municipsd  and  private  gas  and  electric 
plants,  6s,  260, 351 ;  Cost  of  municipal 
w.  private  gas,  28,  255,  3i9».337; 
Eqmpment  and  operation  of  municipal 
electric  light  plants  in  Massachusetts, 
65,  351;  First  electric  light  plant  in 
Boston,  68;  Gas  rates  in  the  United 
States,  28,  255,  337;  Gas  vs.  electric- 
ity, 22,  6*5 ;  The  Holyoke  case,  70, 352; 
Investments  and  earnings  of  munic- 
ipal electric  plants,  65,  351;  A  large 
lighting  load  in  a  small  town,  70; 
Largest  municipal  electric  plant  in 
New  England,  71,  352;  Meter  rents 
and  minimum  rates,  28,  255,  267; 
Municipal  gas  and  electric  plants  in 
Massachusetts,  65,  351;  The  New 
York  and  Massachusetts  conmiissions 
of  gas  and  electricity,  65,  78, 162, 163; 
Rates  for  hydroelectric  service,  271; 
Reasonable  rates,  28, 194;  Regulation 
of  gas  and  electric  rates  in  Massa- 
chusetts, 65,  162,  260;  Street  lighting 
contracts,  127. 

Adams,  A.  D.,  and  Pritchard,  C.  F., 
Massachusetts  electricity  works,  65, 

351. 

Adams,  A.  L.,  Principles  governing  the 
valuation  of  waterworks,  201;  Valua- 
tion of  waterworks,  201. 

Adams,  H.  C,  Municipal  ownership  and 
corrupt   politics,    319;     Relation   of 


mimicipal  government  to  public  works, 
28,  337;  Tendencies  in  railway  taxa- 
tion, 300;  Valuation  of  public  service 
utilities,  201. 

Adams,  T.  S.,  Valuation  of  railway  prop- 
erty for  purposes  of  taxation,  loi,  300. 

Aera,  Topical  discussion  on  rate  of  return, 

293. 

Agar,  J.  G.,  Problem  of  municipal  owner- 
ship, 311;  ShallAmericancities  munic- 
ipal? 22,  326,  333.  . 

Agency  theory,  see  Valuation,  theones 
and  methods. 

Akron,  Ohio,  88. 

Alabama,  47, 343* 

Alameda,  California,  48,  343- 

Alden,  Percy,  Municipal  ownership,  114, 
367. 

Allen,  W.  S.,  The  gas  supply  and  the 
public,  297,  326;  Some  problems  of 
public  ownership,  326;  Street  railway 
franchises  in  Mas«uJiusetts,  66,  137; 
Street  railways,  development  of,  in 
Ma^achusetts,  66;  Taxes  on  street 
railway  franchises,  300. 

Allison,  J.  E.,  A  criticism  of  theoretical 
depreciation,  234;  Depreciation,  234; 
Etnical  and  economic  elements  in  pub- 
lic service  valuation,  201,  215;  Finding 
fair  value,  234;  Rate  calculations  for 
electric  light  and  power,  271;  Rate  of 
return,  293;  Should  public  service 
properties  be  depreciated  ?  234;  Work 
of  public  service  commissions,  147* 

Allison,  LeR.  W.,  Accounting  system  for 
electric  companies,  178;  Glendale 
municipal  electric  lighting  plant,  48, 
343. 

AUnert,  Harold,  Public  utility  regulation 
from  the  standpoint  of  the  public  and 
the  eng^eer,  9;  Valuing  the  property 
of  public  utilities,  201. 
Alvord,  J.  W.,  A  cooperative  waterworks 
franchise,  59,  137;  Depreciation,  234; 
Depreciation  of  public  utility  proper- 
ties, 23s;  Equitable  hydrant  rentals, 
290;  Financial  questions  in  water- 
works valuations,  224,  231,  293;  Fun- 
damental principles  of  valuation,  201, 
215;  Necessary  elements  for  water- 
works valuation,  201 ;  Notes  on  going 


38X 


»f» 


382 


INDEX 


iiiil 


'fflnfll 


PS 


>^ue  Mid  methods  for  its  computation, 
225.    See  also,  MttcRli,  Leonard. 

Social  Science,  Control  of  municipal 
pubhc  service  corporations,  3,  ^; 
Electric  railway  transportation,  3 
Mumcipal  ownership  and  municip^i 
franchises,  132  334;  Public  policies 
as  to  mumcipal  utUities,  4;  Relation 
Of  Annencan  mumcipalities  to  the  eas 
and  electnc  light  supply,  29;  Relation 
of    the    mumcipahty    to    the    water 

^^'n^A  ''*''  '^*">-  of 
American  Economic  Association,  Com- 
mittee on  Public  Finance,  Relation  of 
ww^""  ™"^"P^^«s  to  quasi-public 

"^1^4  ^^^^""^  ?^^*y  Association, 
Report  of  committee  on  determining 
the  proper  basis  for  rates  and  fares, 

American  Gas  Imtitute,  Report  of  com- 
mittee on  a  uniform  system  of  accounts 
tor  gas  companies,  178. 
p^S^*""  Society  of  Civil   Engineers 
Bibliography  on  valuation  of  public 
utihties,  17.  fMuux. 

American  Waterworks  Association,  Dis- 
cussion of  depreciation  and  a  compari- 
son of  rates  and  bookkeeping  methods 
of  municipally  and  privately  owned 
waterworks,  178,  235,311. 

i^!^°'  ?'  ^^  "^^  ^°  get  rid  of  the 

reproducUon  cost  theory,  216 
Anderson,  William,  The  work  of  public 

service  commissions,  78,  163 
Andreason,  E.,  Substation  of  Stockholm 

mumcipal  system,  126,  377. 
Ar^^nts  against  municipal  ownership, 

Arguments    for    municipal    ownership. 

Arkwright,  P.  S.,  Length  of  franchise,  144 
A^strong,    C.    H.,   Depreciation   aTd 

kmdred  matters,  235. 
Arnold,  B  J.,  City  transportation:  sub- 
ways and  railroad  terminals,  54;  Foun- 
dation prmciples  of  utility  valuation 
49,  54,  76, 134, 135, 139,  201,  aoa,  212,' 
213,  franchise  and  legal  matters,  40. 
134;  Report  on  the  Chicago  transl)©?- 
tation  problem,  55;    Report  on  the 
transportation  facilities  of  San  Fran- 
asco,  49;  Report  on  legal  and  franchise 
A^nM  b'  San  Francisco,  49,  134. 

fnl^'r-  J"  ^^?"°«'  «•  B'  and  Wes- 
ton, George,  Phases  in  the  develop- 
ment of  the  street  railways  of  Chicagb 
55,  13s,  161.  ^' 


Ashley  H.  W    PubHc  poUcy  and  legal 
regulation  of  central  station  chaiSs. 
272;  Public  service  electric  rates,  2^2 
Theones  of  electnc  current  rate  sched- 

Ashley,  Percy,  Municipal  policy  and  state 
con^l,  311;  Water,  gas  and  electric 
light  supply  of  London,  114, 367. 

Atkinson,  A.  S.,  Construction  a!nd  de- 
preciation,  235.  "^ 

aH^I^'  Georgia,  52,  346. 

AtUeborough,  Massachusetts,  68,  «i 

Auburn,  New  York,  82. 

Austin,  C  C,  Jacksonville  municipal 
power  plant,  52,  345.  ^ 

Austria,  109,  363. 

Avebury,  J.  L.,  Effect  of  municipal  trad- 
ing on  private  enterprise,  326;  Munic- 
ipal trading  326;  On  municipal  and 
national  tradmg,  115,  367.       *^ 

Aylesworth,  M.  H.,  Franchises  and  pub- 
hc welfare,  127.  ^ 

Ayres,  A.  U.,  Governmental  regulation 
of  securities  issues,  189. 


INDEX 


383 


Bachi,  Riccardo,  Public  gas  works  in 
_  Italy,  125,377. 

Backstrand,  C.  F.,  Riverside's  municipal 
power  plant,  49,  344.  *^ 

Badger,  H.  R.,  Work  of  valuation  of  elec- 

Tj  u     ^^^y  property,  220. 

Baker,  C.  A.,  Influence  of  tariflFs  on  elec- 
tnaty  supply,  272. 

\9a.^''  Monopolies  and  Uie  people. 
30;  What  shaU  we  do  witii  mumapal 
monopohes  ?  9.  *^ 

Baker,  J  N.,  Limitation  of  state  control 
over   tiie   regulation   of   rates,    192; 
Limiting  state  regulation,  194. 
Baker,  M.  N.,  Municipal  franchises  and 
contracts,  127;  Municipal  ownership. 
311;  Mumcipal  ownership  and  opera- 
tion  of   waterworks,    30,   338,   378; 
R^^aterworks,  30,  319,  338. 
Baker,  N.  D,  Discussion  of  constitu- 
tional protection  in  valuation,   192. 
249;.  Municipal  ownership,  22,  234. 
Baldwm  A.  S.,  ShaU  San  FJanciU  mu- 

mcipalize  its  water  supply  ?  co  xaa 
Baldwin,  H.  deF.,  DeterSng^frk^Sise 
values  231;  Valuation  of  waterworks' 
special  franchises,  202,  231. 
Baldwin,  R.  N.,  St.  Louis  pubUc  service 

commission,  77,  163. 
Baldwin,  W.  W.,  Railroad  taxation,  300; 

BaUaSTw'^n^^'^P"^?"^^'^^*- 
a   %      r-' I^esign  and  operation  of 

the  Cleveland  municipal  electric  light 

plant,  ^,  357;    Some  essentials  of 

appraisal  work,  220. 


Balmforth,  Owen,  Progress  of  municipal 

government,  115,  367. 
Baltimore,  Maryland,  64,  260. 
Bard,  E.  F.,  Street  rjiilways  of  Chicago, 

55- 

Barham,  A.  W.,  The  problem  of  the  small 
consumer,  272. 

Barker,  Harry,  How  to  appraise  water 
rights,  202;  Side  lights  on  depreciation 
problems,  235. 

Barnes,  C.  £.,  Municipal  tramways  in 
Cologne,  113,  366. 

Barrow,  W.  M.,  State  railroad  commis- 
sions and  the  courts,  30,  194. 

Barrs,  J.  M.,  Municipal  ownership  in 
Jacksonville,  52,  345. 

Bassett,  E.  M.,  Municipal  ownership  of 
public  utilities  in  Germany,  113,  366; 
Rapid  transportation  in  the  world's 
great  cities,  22. 

Bassett,  G.  B.,  Water  meter  rates,  290. 

Battey,  C.  T.,  Electric  freight  in  Massa- 
chusetts, 66. 

Bauer,  John,  Control  of  return  on  public 
utility  investments,  9,  147;  Bases  of 
valuation  in  the  control  of  return  on 
public  utility  investments,  216;  De- 
preciation and  rate  control,  235;  De- 
preciation formula  of  the  American 
society  of  civil  engineers,  235;  Going 
value  in  connection  with  a  physical 
appraisal:  the  New  York  rule,  225, 
249;  The  idea  of  capitalization  as  ap- 
plied to  public  service  corporations, 
178;  Rents  in  public  utility  account- 
ing, 178;  Returns  on  public  service 
properties,  268;  Valuation  of  public 
service  properties:  actual  cost  vs.  cost 
of  reproduction,  216. 

Baum,  F.  G.,  The  best  control  of  pub- 
lic utilities,  10,  272;  Class  rates  for 
light  and  power  systems  or  territories, 
272. 

Beale,  J.  H.,  and  Wyman,  Bruce,  Basis 
of  capital  charges,  216,  249;  General 
principles  governing  comi)ensation, 
268;  Judicial  review  of  commission 
action,  192;  Railroad  rate  regulation, 
22, 147;  Rate  of  return,  293. 

Beard,  C.  A.,  Commissions  in  American 
government,  147;  Franchises  and 
public  utilities,  30,  132;  Municipal 
ownership,  30,  311,  338. 

Beck,  H.  C,  Atlanta's  municipal  water- 
works, 52,  346. 

Beckhard,  Bruno,  Attieborough,  an 
object  lesson,  68, 35 1 ;  Municipal  light- 
ing in  St.  Louis,  77,  354. 

Beckjord,  W.  C,  Rates  for  electric  ser- 
vice, 273. 


Beecher,  H.  W.,  Kamloops*  steam  tur- 
bine power  plant,  109,  363. 

Belfast,  Ireland,  375. 

Belgium,  109,  363. 

Bell,  Sir  James,  and  Paton,  James,  Glas- 
gow: its  municipal  organization  and 
administration,  115,  368. 

Bellamy,  C.  R.,  Public  transportation: 
with  special  reference  to  Liverpool 
tramways,  115,  368. 

Bemis,  E.  W.,  Cleveland,  88;  Cleveland 
street  railway  settiement,  88,  141; 
Detroit's  efforts  to  own  her  street  niil- 
ways,  71, 352;  Franchise  situation  and 
the  referendum  in  Cleveland,  89,  141; 
Gas,  22,  334;  Latest  electric  light  re- 
ports, 30,  255,  338;  Municipal  monop- 
olies, 319;  Municipal  operation  vs. 
private  op)eration  of  municipal  monop- 
olies, 31,  338;  Municipal  ownership  of 
gas,  31,  320,  338;  Original  cost  as  the 
chief  basis  for  fair  value,  216;  Regula- 
tion or  ownership,  320;  Report  upon 
the  price  of  gas  in  Chicago,  55,  259; 
Some  present  day  issues  of  public 
utility  regulation,  10,  153;  Street  rail- 
way settiement  in  CleveUind,  89,  141; 
Street  railways,  23,  334,  368;  Treat- 
ment of  land  in  rate  cases,  233;  Water 
meter  rates,  290. 

Bemis,  E.  W.,  and  Ingram,  F.  F.,  How 
the  people  should  acquire  public  util- 
ities, 319. 

Bennett,  C.  G.,  Illinois  utilities  commis- 
sion and  the  waterworks  companies, 
SS,  160. 

Bercovitz,  D.,  Continental  systems  of 
charging  for  current  by  contract,  23, 

255. 

Bergen,  Frank,  Restrictive  legislation 
against  public  service  corporations  in 
New  Jersey,  78. 

Berglund,  Abraham,  Valuation  of  rail- 
roads in  the  state  of  Washington,  99, 
214. 

Berlin,  Germany,  113,  366. 

Bemhard,  F.  H.,  Milwaukee's  new  mu- 
nicipal lighting  system,  108,  363. 

Bettman,  Alfred,  Constitutionality  of 
historical  cost  method,  216,  249; 
Theory  of  franchise  values,  231. 

Betts,  G.  W.,  Legal  justification  for 
differential  rates,  273. 

Betts,  Philander,  Organization  of  a  pub- 
lic service  commission,  147. 

Bibliographies,  i7ff. 

Biette,  L.,  The  metropolitan  system  of 
Paris,  112. 

Binckley,  G.  S.,  Why  appraisal  is  not 
valuation,  202. 


384 


INDEX 


Birmingham,  Alabama,  47,  343. 
BisseU,  G.  W.,  Depredation  of  electrical 
properties,  235. 

Blake,  A.  D.,  New  York  City's  power 
problem,  %i,  355.  •"     ^ 

Blake,  H.  W.,  Contrast  between  com- 
pany and  municipal  ownership,  iic 
327,  368;    Problem  of  the  five-cent 
fare,  78,  286. 

Blood    W.   H.,  Jr.,  Improvements  in 
central  staUon  service,  23,  184. 

,'r^j.^'.^'*^^^^  application  of  the 
self-adjusting  standard  for  rate  fixing 
268,  298;  Public  and  public  service 
corporations,  268;  Rate  fixing  and 
•PJP'^s,  268;  Regulation  of  pubUc 
utihUes  by  competition  in  the  securi- 
ties market,  293. 

Blue  sky  legislation,  see  Capitalization 
control  of.  ' 

Bolton,  R.  P.,  Cheap  electricity  in  To- 
ronto, no,  266,  363;  Favoritism  in 
rates  110,  266,  363;  Financial  meth- 
ods of  Uie  power  commission,  1 10,  x6v 
General  results  of  pubUc  operation  in 
Ontano,  no,  363;  Government  electric 
railways,  no,  364;  Our  interest  in 
Canadian  operations,  no,  364. 

Bonbnght,  J.  C,  Depreciation  and  rate 
control,  235, 

Bond  Walter,  Municipal  trading,  327. 
Bookkeepmg,  see  Accounting,  uniform. 

^*l«!n'  ^-  .^r  ^  ^^^  ^^"^'Sy  rate  for 
small  central  stations,  273. 

Boston,  Massachusetts,  68,  69,  70,  138. 
261,  352.  /  »    o  > 

Boston  sUding  scale,  see  SUding  scale, 
lioume,  Jonatiian,  Jr.,  Evils  of  govern- 
ment ownership,  327. 

Bowden,  J.  H.,  Standardization  of  tariffs 
273.  ' 

Bowden,  J.  H.,  and  Tait,  Fred,  Equi- 
table chargmg  for  tiie  supply  of  energy 
by  mumcipal  electricity  undertaking, 

Bowker  R.  R.,  The  piracy  of  public 
franchises,  83,  139;  Public  control, 
ownership  or  operation  of  municipal 
franchises,  23, 327, 335;  State  publica- 
tions, 17. 

Bowman,  H.  M.,  State  railroad  commis- 
sions,  31,  153. 

Bown,  C.  E.,  Some  defects  in  the  present 
Pennsylvania  statute  on  public  utili- 
ties,  93,  167,  174. 

Boyle,  James,  Municipal  socialism  in 
i-ngland,  115,  368;  Municipal  social- 
ism m  Great  Britain,  115,  368. 


BozcD,  H.  v.,  Data  on  municipal  plant 
operation  m  Oklahoma,  93,  358. 

Bradford,  E.  S.,  Municipal  electric  light- 
««»  31,  338;  Muniapal  gas  %h2ng, 
3'»  339* 

Bradlee,  H.  G.,  Actual  figures  of  exist- 
ing street  railways,  286;  Profitable 
Imut  of  a  five-cent  fare,  287. 

Brady,  A.  W.,  Some  phases  of  the  fran- 
chise question,  127, 144. 

Brady,  J.  E.,  Gas  franchises  and  priv- 
ileges, 127. 

Brandeis,  L.  D.,  Central  power  station 
rates,  273;  Experience  of  Massa- 
chusetts in  street  railways,  66;  How 
B<Kton  solved  the  gas  problem,  68, 
298;  Interiocking  directorates,  189. 
Brashears,  W.  F.,  Denver  waterworks 
controversy,  51;  New  York  City's 
subway  crisis,  83;  Passing  of  three- 
cent  fares,  89,  263;  Thiee-cent  car 
fares  on  trial,  89,  263. 
Braxton,  A.  C,  Virginia  state  corporation 

commission,  99,  168. 
Breen,  I.  R.,  A  municipal  franchise  b  a 
valuable  asset  and  should  be  so  treated. 
127.  * 

Bremers,  H.  J.,  Jr.,  Mum'cipal  light  and 

water  plant  at  Fremont,  77,  354. 
Bnggs,  W.  W.,  Proposed  dividend  type 

domestic  service  rate,  273. 
Bntish  Board  of  Trade,  The  financial 

position  of  tramway  undertakings,  1 15, 

368. 

Britton,  J.  A.,  Accounting  under  utility 

J     regulation,  178. 

Brockway,  W.  B.,  Electric  raflway  ac- 
counting, 179. 
Brookings,  South  Dakota,  97,  360. 
Brooklyn    Public    Library,    Books    on 

municipal  ownership,  17. 
Brooks,  R.  C,  The  municii>al  gas  works 
in  Berlm,  n3,  366;  Municipalization 
of  the  Berhn  electric  works,  113,  366. 

Brooks,  Sydney,  Public  ownership 
abroad,  116,  369. 

Brown,  C.  C,  How  a  private  gas  com- 
pany  at  Indianapolis  is  controlled  in 
the  pubUc  interest,  60, 137;  A  modem 
mumcipal  franchise,  60,  133,  137; 
5ome  new  provisions  in  a  proposed 
franchise,  60,  137;  Water  rates  and 
rentals,  290. 

Brown,  W.  H.,  Public  ownerehip  and 
popular  government,  327. 

Brown,  W.  R.,  Municipal  ownership  and 
league  organization,  320. 

Brudre,  Henry,  Public  utilities  regulation 
m  New  York,  78,  164. 

Brush,  M.  C,  A  great  city  system,  68. 


INDEX 


38s 


Bryan,  W.  H.,  Appraisal  and  depreciation 
of  waterworks,  202,  236;  Going  value 
as  an  element  in  the  appraisal  of  public 
utility  properties,  102, 169,  225,  24p. 

Bryce,  James,  The  Philadelphia  gas  nng, 

Buffalo,  New  York,  82. 

Bullard,  J.  E.,  Gas  rates:  flat  rate  unfair 
to  company  and  consumer,  284;  Rate 
systems  from  the  central  station  solic- 
itor's viewpoint,  273. 

Bullock,  C.  J.,  Control  of  the  capitaliza- 
tion of  public  service  corporations  in 
Massachusetts,  66,  189;  Taxation  of 
public  utilities,  300. 

Burdett,  E.  W.,  The  agitation  for  munic- 
ipal ownership  in  the  United  States, 
116,  327,  369;  Cause  of  municipal 
ownership  agitation,  327;  Municipal 
ownershn)  in  Great  Britain,  xi6,  328, 
369;  Municipal  ownership  in  the 
United  States,  328. 

Burdett,  Frederick,  and  Forstall,  A.  E., 
Engineering  matters:  United  States 
gas  works,  31,  339. 

Burdick,  C.  B.,  Viduation  of  waterworks 
plants,  202. 

Burdick,  R.  H.,  Performance  of  diesel- 
engine  plants  in  Texas,  97. 

Bureau  of  Railway  Economics,  List  of 
references  on  valuation  of  railways,  18; 
Railway  economics:  a  collective  cata- 
logue of  books,  18. 

Bureau  of  Standards,  see  U.  S.  Bureau  of 
Standards. 

Bureau  of  the  Census,  see  U.  S.  Bureau 
of  the  Census. 

Burgess,  Philip,  Points  of  difference  in 
waterworks  franchises,  127;  Some  fea- 
tures of  engineering  appraisements  of 
waterworks  properties,  202;  Water 
rates,  290. 

Burlington,  Vermont,  99,  360,  361. 

Bumand,  W.  E.,  Low  rates  and  the  de- 
velopment of  the  central  station  ser- 
vice, 273. 

Burnett,  Douglass,  Differential  gas  rates 
in  Baltimore,  64,  260. 

Burnett,  H.  R.,  The  costs  of  electricity 
supply  and  their  relation  to  charges, 

273. 
Bums,  C.  S.,  Determination  of  physical 

values,  203;  Viduation  of  public  utili- 
ties, 225,  236. 

Bums,  John,  Municipal  ownership  a 
blessing,  320. 

Busby,  L.  A.,  Regulation  of  public  utili- 
ties, 10, 147, 148. 

BuUer,  J.  A.,  Milwaukee,  108;  Street 
railway  problem  in  Milwaukee,  109. 


Butier,  Pierce,  Valuation  of  railway  prop- 
erty for  purposes  of  rate  regulation, 
203. 

Butt,  W.  E.,  Bringing  an  old  waterworks 
valuation  up  to  date,  220. 

Butterworth,  W.  C,  Cost  and  price  of 
gas  in  a  small  city,  109,  265. 

Byxbee,  J.  F.,  Jr.,  Experience  with  the 
diesel-engine  in  the  municipal  power 
plant  of  Palo  Alto,  48,  343. 

Cadby,  J.  N.,  Regulating  the  quality  of 
public  utility  service,  102,  169,  184; 
Standards  for  gas  and  electric  service, 
102,  169, 184. 

Cahoon,  J.  B.,  A  business  argument 
against  municipal  ownership,  328; 
Municipal  electric  lighting  oppc«ed, 
31,  255,  328,  339;  State  control  of 
corporations,  10;  Uniform  accounting, 
179. 

Calgary,  Canada,  no,  in,  266, 364, 365. 

California,  47,  48,  49.  5©,  "34,  158,  i59, 
213,  258,  343,  344,  345- 

Calkins,  Grosvenor,  Massachusetts  anti- 
stock  watering  law,  66,  190. 

Camden,  New  York,  82,  355. 

Canada,  109,  no,  in,  112,  144,  266, 

363,  364,  365- 

Cannon,  L.  A.,  Electric  franchises,  no, 
144. 

Capitalization,  control  of,  189  ff . 

Carr,  W.  J.,  Does  municipal  ownership 
pay  ?  49,  344. 

Carver,  H.  E.,  Continuous  inventones, 
220. 

Case,  L.  N.,  Municipal  operation  in 
Duluth,  75,  3S4. 

Casey,  C.  C,  Municipal  lighting  at 
St.  Louis,  77,  354. 

Cavanaugh,  H.  B.,  Federal  income  tax 
law  as  applicable  to  electric  railroads, 
300. 

Cawcroft,  Ernest,  The  constitutional 
convention  and  New  York's  fiscal 
policy,  79,  355. 

Cedar  Rapids,  Iowa,  62,  349. 

Chace,  W.  G.,  Winnipeg  municipal  elec- 
tric system,  no,  364. 

Chappelle,  C.  C,  Some  problems  of  rate 
making,  273. 

Charles,  S.  A.,  Meter  locations  and  meter 
accounts,  179. 

Chase,  H.  S.,  Depreciation  in  water- 
works accounts,  236;  Maintenance 
and  depreciation  char^,  179,  236, 
312;  Standard  and  uniform  reports, 
179. 

Chicago,  Illinois,  54  ff.,  135,136,161,  212, 

2S9,  347,  348. 


386 


INDEX 


.';fl 


vli' 


Child,  R.  W.,  Where  a  theory  fafls,  236. 

Chippewa  Falls,  Wisconsin,  108,  363? 

Chisholm,  Samuel,  Municipal  enter- 
pnses,  116,369. 

Chnstie,  A.  G.,  Calgary's  municipal 
power  plant,  no,  266,  364;  Leth- 
bndge  municipal  power  plant,  no, 
364;  Mumcipal  electrical  utilities  of 
western  Canada,  no,  364;  Municipal 
power  plant  at  Medicine  Hat,  iii, 
364;  Municipal  power  plant  operated 
by  Saskatoon,  in;  Regina  municipal 
powerplant,ni,364. 

Cmcmnati,  Ohio,  88. 

Claflin,  G.  E.,  Depreciation  accounting 
for  small  companies,  236. 

*^  j'  F'  ^''  ^^^^^  railroad  commissions 
and  how  they  may  be  made  eflTective, 
32,  148,  153. 

Q^'  Jc  ^''  ^*^^^  ^^^  P"^^^c  utilities, 
284;  Some  neglected  phases  of  rate 
regulation,  216,  293. 

Clark,  Walton,  see  Edgar,  C.  L. 

Clark,  W.  J.,  British  municipal  tramway 
conditions,  n6,  266,  369;  British 
tramways,  n6, 369;  The  figures  in  the 
case,  328,  369;  Municipal  ownership 
m  Great  Britain  and  United  States 
32,116,328,369;  Public  utaities  here 
and  abroad,  23,  335. 

Class  rates,  see  Rate  schedules. 

Cleary,  A.  J.,  Municipal  street  railways, 
50,  344;  San  Francisco's  new  munici- 
pal  street  railways,  50,  344. 

Cleveland,  F.  A.,  Municipal  ownership 
as  a  form  of  governmental  control,  ^12. 

Cleveland,  Ohio,  88,  89,  90,  91,  141,  142, 

^143,  213,  357. 

Clews,  Henry,  Municipal  ownership  a 
delusion,  328. 

Clough,  E.  B.,  Truth  about  Cleveland 
traction,  89,  263. 

Cobleigh,  C.  F.,  Early  electric  railway 
experiments  in  Kansas  City,  76 

Cobum,  F.  W.,  The  crisis  in  street  rail- 
way service,  287. 

ColdweU,  O.  B.,  Analytical  accounting 
for  central  station  companies,  179 

Coleman,  G.  S.,  Special  franchise  taxa- 
tion  m  New  York,  79,  300. 

Coler,  B.  S.,  ShaU  New  York  own  its  sub- 
ways ?  83, 355. 

Collier,  W.  R.,  The  sale  of  current  to 
mumcipally  owned  distributing  sys- 
tems, 52,  259,  274,  312,  346. 

Co  ogne,  Germany,  n3,  366. 

Colorado,  51,  134,  160. 

Columbus,  Ohio,  92,  357. 

Commission  attitude  as  to  valuation 
249  ff. 


Commissioners,  qualifications  of,  see 
Public  service  commissions:  General 
works. 

Commissions,  public  service,  see  Public 
service  commissions. 

Commissions,  public  utility,  see  Public 
ser\ice  commissions. 

Commons,  J.  R.,  Economic  and  social 
factors  in  Chicago  municipal  lighting, 
55.  347;  Labor  and  politics,  23,  33c; 
La  Follette  railroad  law  in  Wisconsin^ 
102  169;  Municipal  administration  of 
public  utilities,  312;  Municipal  elec- 
tee hghUng,  32  256,  320,  339;  Wis- 
consm  public  utilities  law,  102,  169. 

Commons,  J.  R.,  and  SuUivan,  J.  W.. 
Labor  and  politics:  British  gas,  elec- 
tric supply  and  tramways,  n7,  369, 
Gas,  electnc  supply  and  tramways, 
37o>  U.  S.  gas  works,  32,  339. 

Conant,  W.  B.,  Municipal  water  plant 
denves  income  from  water  power,  68, 
352;^  Street  railway  obligations  to 
repair  and  maintain  public  ways,  300. 

Conat,  M.  L.,  List  of  periodical  publica- 
tions  relating  to  municipal  affairs,  18. 

Condemnation  and  purchase,  248,  249. 

Conference  of  American  Mayors,  Pro- 
ceedings of,  4. 

Conference   on   valuation,  Proceedings 
^  of,  198,  199.  * 

Conklm,  L.  H.,  Rates  for  electric  service. 

274.  ' 

Connecticut,  51,  345. 

Contracts,  see  Franchises. 

Coiitrol  of  capitalization,  see  Capitaliza- 
tion, control  of. 

Conway,  Thomas,  Jr.,  The  decreasing 
tmancial  returns  upon  urban  street  rail- 
way properties,  287. 

Cooke,  M.  L.,  Experts  in  valuation  cases. 
203.  ' 

Cooley,  M.  E.,  Factors  determining  a 
reasonable  charge  for  public  utility  ser- 
vice,  203,  268;  Overhead  charges,  225. 

Cooper  H.  S.,  Franchises,  127;  Special 
pnvilege,  127. 

Cooper,  M.  D.,  History  and  economics 
of  central  station  rate  makinir    2c6 

274.  "«v^^,        5    , 

Corson,  F.  H.,  Industrial  power  supply 

from  municipal  stations,  274. 
Coiy,  C.  L.,  Rate  fixing  and  appraisal, 

284,  294;   Rates  for  gas  service,  203: 

Reasonable  gas  rates  and  their  deter- 

mmation,  284. 
Coiy,  C.  L.,  Vincent,  W.  G.,  Jr.,  and 

Norton,  W.  J.,  Symposium  on  inven- 

tones  and  appraisals,  203,  216,  221. 

225. 


INDEX 


387 


Court  attitude  as  to  valuatioii,  249  ff. 

Court  review,  see  Judicial  review. 

Cost  of  reproduction,  see  Valuation, 
theories  and  methods. 

Costs  and  Rates,  see  Rate  schedules. 

Cowan,  E.  W.,  The  price  of  electricity, 
274. 

Crapper,  E.  H.,  Methods  of  charging  for 
electrical  energy,  274. 

Cravath,  J.  R.,  Accounting  for  deprecia- 
tion, 236;  Demand  and  diversity 
factors  and  their  influence  on  rates, 
102,  169,  264,  274;  Municipal  owner- 
ship of  electric  light  plants,  328. 

Cravens,  G.  W.,  Depreciation  and  main- 
tenance of  electrical  equipment,  236. 

Crawford,  N.  McD.,  and  Woodward, 
J.  H.,  Engineering  matters:  British 
tramways,  117,  370. 

Crawford,  Robert,  Glasgow's  experience 
with  municipal  ownership  and  opera- 
tion, 117,370. 

Crawfordsville,  Indiana,  60,  137. 

Crocker,  Courtenay,  Some  evils  of  double 
taxation,  300. 

Crosby,  O.  T.,  Automatic  rate  regula- 
tion, 294;  Physical  valuations,  203; 
Public  policies  and  public  utilities,  10, 
148. 

Grosser,  Robert,  Why  I  believe  in  munic- 
ipal ownership,  320. 

Crowell,  F.  B.,  Quitman  municipal  water 
and  light  plant,  53,  346. 

Crowell,  H.  H.,  Electric  lighting  rates 
and  depreciation,  32,  256. 

Crowley,  J.  C,  Control  helps  utilities, 
102, 169. 

Curtis,  C.  E.,  Street  railways  and  their 
relation  to  the  public,  23,  132,  335; 
Taxation  of  street  railways  for  pur- 
poses of  revenue  and  control,  32,  in, 
301. 

Curtis,  W.  J.,  Local  public  utilities,  5. 

Cutier,  J.  G.,  Municipal  control  of  public 

service  corporations,  86,  356. 
Cutting,  R.  F.,  Public  ownership  and 
socisd  conscience,  3  20;  Shall  New  York 
own  its  subways  ?  83,  355. 

Dailey,  John,  State  vs.  city  control,  174. 

Daly,  W.  M.,  Public  lighting  plant  of 
Detroit,  71,  352. 

Daniels,  C.  N.,  Municipal  ownership  m 
Sheffield,  117,  370. 

Daniels,  W.  M.,  Law  that  has  teeth,  78, 
163;  Municipal  ownership,  328;  Taxa- 
tion of  railroad  and  canal  property  in 
New  Jersey,  301. 

Dannettell,  G.  W.,  Gas  ownership  in  a 
Kentucky  city,  63,  350. 


Danville,  Virginia,  99,  361. 

Darrach,  C.  G.,  Valuation  of  properties 
of  public  utility  corporations,  196. 

Darrow,  C.  S.,  The  Chicago  traction 
question,  55, 347. 

Darwin,  Leonard,  Municipal  ownership, 
309;  Municipal  trade,  117,  309,  370. 

Dary,  Georges,  Charges  for  electrical 
energy  supply  in  France,  112,  266. 

Davies,  D.  H.,  Cost  of  municipal  enter- 
prise, 329;  Cost  of  municipal  trading, 

329- 
Davies,  F.  H.,  British  central  station 

rates,  117,  267. 

Davies,  H.  G.,  Fair  interest  on  invest- 
ment, 237. 

Davies,  H.  J.,  Some  accounting  features 
of  the  Cleveland  railway  company's 
franchise,  89,  141,  179, 

Davis,  F.  A.  W.,  Shall  there  be  a  charge 
for  fire  lines  ?  290. 

Davis,  G.  H.,  Adjustment  of  American 
street  car  fares,  287. 

Davis,  J.  S.,  Depreciation  and  rate  con- 
trol, 237. 

Davis,  R.  K.,  Street  railway  situation  in 
Detroit,  72,  138. 

Dawes,  R.  C.,  Regulation  by  commission, 
148;  Regulation  of  utility  corpora- 
tions, 148. 

Dawson,  W.  H.,  Trading  enterprises, 
113,366. 

Day,  Charles,  Constructive  policy  for 
public  service  corporations,  10,  274. 

Deacon,  W.  G.,  The  Chicago  traction 
plan,  55,  184;  A  city's  lost  honor,  51; 
Detroit's  politics  halts  development, 
72;  Electric  rates  for  Minneapolis,  75, 
262;  Public  utilities  of  Newark,  92, 
358;  Sale  of  Wheeling  gas  plant  urged, 
loi,  362;  A  three-cent  car  fare  test, 
92,  263;  Toll  of  politics,  100,  361; 
Truth  about  Jacksonville,  52,  346. 

Dearborn,  R.  H.,  Physical  valuation  of 
electrical  properties  in  Oregon,  93,  214. 

DeFodor,  Etienne,  Rates  for  electricity 
supply,  113,  266,  274. 

DeFrese,  S.  E.,  Equitable  gas  rates,  284. 

DeGonzega,  A.,  Detroit's  street  railway 
problem,  72. 

Delano,  F.  A.,  Application  of  a  deprecia- 
tion charge  in  railway  accoimting,  237. 

Demand  rates,  see  Electric  rates. 

Denver,  Colorado,  51,  134. 

Depreciation,  234  flf. 

Des  Moines,  Iowa,  62. 

Detroit,  Michigan,  71,  72,  73.  138,  261, 

35a, 353- 
Detroit  Public  Library,  Municipal  af- 
fairs, 18. 


388 


INDEX 


Development  expenses,  see  Intangibles. 

Dewey,  D.  R.,  Legal  aspects  of  corpora- 
tion franchises,  128,  301;  Municipal 
revenue  from  street  railways,  301. 

DeWolf,  R.  D.,  Electric  central  staUon 
rates,  275. 

Dick,  J.  R.,  Influences  of  tariffs  on  elec- 
tricity supply,  275. 

Dickerman,  J.  C,  Comparison  of  electric 
light  and  power  rates,  32,  256;  Cost  of 
producing  illuminating  gas  in  Ameri- 
can cities,  33,  284;  Cost  of  supplying 
illuminating  gas  in  the  smaller  Ameri- 
can cities,  T,s,  284;  Determination  of 
unit  price  in  appraisals,  221;  Lower 
electric  rates  in  Philadelphia,  94,  263; 
Some  notes  on  the  regulation  of  gas 
service,  184;  Standards  for  gas  ser- 
^ce,  33, 153, 185;  Standards  of  service 
clauses  in  street  lighting  contracts,  128, 
185. 

Dickey,  C.  H.,  Obligations  imposed  by 
the  possession  of  a  franchise,  1 28. 

Differential  rates,  see  Rate  schedules. 

Diven,  J.  M.,  How  can  politics  be  elimi- 
nated from  mimicipal  waterworks  ? 
312;  Special  fire  protection  rates, 
Elmira,  82,  262. 

Diversity  factors,  see  Electric  rates. 

Dix,  J.  F.,  Partnership  vs.  principal  and 
agent  in  public  utility  rate  making, 
217. 

Dixon,  F.  H.,  Recent  railroad  commis- 
sion legislation,  33,  153;    State  rail- 
road control,  61,  161. 
Dodge,  L.  A.,  Public  belt  railroad  of  New 

Orleans,  63, 351. 
Doherty,  H.  L.,  Equitable,  uniform  and 
competitive  rates,  275;    Methods  of 
charging,  268;  The  rate  question,  275; 
Rates,    18,    285;     Some   features   of 
municipal  ownership,  329;  State  regu- 
lation of  lighting  enterprises,  33,  154. 
Donald,  Robert,  The  case  for  municipal 
trading,    117,    321,   370;    Municipal 
trading:  a  defense,  321;  Principles  of 
municipal    ownership,    321;     Recent 
attacks  on   municipal  ownership  in 
Great  Britain,  117,  321,  370;    Street 
railways  in  British  town,   118,  370; 
Success   of   municipal   ownership   in 
Great  Britain,  118,  371. 
Donaldson ville,  Louisiana,  63,  350. 
DoolitUe,  F.  W.,  The  Cleveland  experi- 
ment, 89,  142,  263;   The  Milwaukee 
experiment,  109,  144,  265;    Railway 
operation  in  Cleveland,  89, 185;  Some 
problems  of  electric  railway  industry, 
287;    Studies  in  the  cost  of  urban 
transportation  service,  287. 


Doty,  E.  T.,  Measurement  of  land  values, 

233- 
Douglass,  S.  M.,  Regulation  and  the 

public,  10. 
Dow,  Alex.,  Art  of  rate  making,  275. 
Downey,  E.  H.,  Regulation  of  urban 

utiliUes  in  Iowa  5,  ^3,  63,  161,  174. 
Dreher,  H.  W.,  Effect  of  utility  regula- 
tions upon  the  banks,  102,  169. 
Dreyfus,  E.  D.,  Appraisement  of  small 
electric  properties,  221,  237;  Reckon- 
mg  with  costs  of  superseded  equip- 
ment, 217,  250;    Some  notes  on  tife 
large  power  rate,  275. 
Druar,  J.  F.,  Rates  and  rate  making,  204, 

275- 
DuBois,  J.  T.,  Municipal  electric  light 

and  power  in  Germany,  113,  366. 
Dubuque,  Iowa,  62,  350. 
Duffy,  C.  N.,  Cleveland  railway  situa- 
faon,    89,    142;     Depreciation,    237; 
Economics  of  the  Cleveland  railway 
situation,  90, 142;  Effect  of  load  factor 
on  cost  of  electric  railway  service,  287- 
Electric  UtiliUes,  11;  FaUure  of  threc^ 
cent  car  fares,  90;   Theoretical  basis 
for  determining  fares,  288. 
Duluth,  Minnesota,  75,  354. 
Duncan,  C.  S.,  Paternalism  of  pubUc 

service  commissions,  148. 
Duncan,  T.  C,  Purposes  and  methods  of 

the  Indiana  utility  act,  60,  161. 
Dunkel,  J.  H.,  The  municipality  and  the 

company,  128. 
Dunlap,  J.  H.,  The  water  meter  rates  of 

Iowa  City,  62,  260. 
Dunn,  S.  O.,  Fair  regulation  of  railroads, 
148;  Shall  railway  profits  be  limited  ? 
294;  The  sUte  nulway  commissions. 
33,148,154. 
Dunne,  E.  F.,  Municipal  ownership  in 
Chicago,  55, 347, 

Dupont,  A.  B.,  Fallacy  of  the  reprxxluc- 
tion  cost  theory,  217. 

Dm^d,  E.  D.,  Street  raOway  fares,  288: 
Street  railway  franchises,  public  regu- 
lation and  public  ownerslup,  33,  133, 
339*, 

Duration  of  franchise,  see  Length  of 
term,  franchise. 


Earl,  G.  G.,  Water  rates,  64,  260,  290. 

Eastman,  F.  M.,  Taxation  of  public  ser- 
vice corp)orations  in  Pennsylvania  ox 
301.  '  ^* 

Eastman,  J.  B.,  The  public  utiUties  com- 
missions of  Massachusetts,  66.  162. 
See  also  Woods,  R.  A. 

Eastwood,  J.  S.,  The  railroad  commis- 
sion and  the  public,  47, 158, 174. 


INDEX 


389 


Eberhart,  A.  0.,  Why  I  believe  in  state 

regulation,  174. 
Eberle,  George,  Copper  zone  vs.  nickel 
cone  as  a  basis  of  interurban  rates,  288. 
Edgar,  C.  L.,  and  Clark,  Walton,  Anal- 
yses of  the  information  concerning 
municipal  ownership  collected  by  the 
National  Civic  Federation,  312. 

Edmondson,  W.  H.,  A  mechanical  com- 
puter for  electric  energy  rates,  275. 

Edmonton,  Canada,  iii,  365. 

Edwards,  H.  M.,  Accounting  for  depre- 
ciation, 237;  Electric  light  accounts 
and  their  significance,  180;  Regulated 
electric  light  accounting,  79,  164,  180. 

Egbert,  H.  McC,  Failure  of  municipal 
gas  plant,  92,  358. 

Einstein,  A.  C.,  Central  station  rate 
schedules  for  retail  customers,  275. 

Eisenmenger,  H.  E.,  Computation  of  the 
cost  of  current,  275;  Graphical  anal- 
ysis of  the  St.  Louis  residence  rates, 
77,  262,  276;  Some  geometrical  aspects 
of  the  three-charge-rate  system,  276; 
Space  representation  of  central  station 
rates,  276;  Theoretical  basis  of  the 
multiple  rate  system,  276. 

Electrical  World,  On  what  basis  shall 
public  utilities  be  valued  ?  204. 

Electric  rates,  271  ff. 

Elkins,  A.  F.,  Public  service  accounting, 
180. 

Ellicott,  E.  B.,  Chicago's  experience 
with  municipal  lighting,  56,  347; 
Chicago's  lighting  plant,  56,  347; 
Municip>al  electric  lighting  in  Chicago, 
56,  347;  Robert  A.  Waller  municipal 
lighting  plant,  56,  347;  Thirteen 
years'  experience  with  municipal 
street  lightmg  at  Chicago,  56,  347. 

Elliott,  E.  L.,  Indefinite  candle  power  in 
municipal  contracts,  128,  185. 

Ellis,  R.  L.,  Rates  for  electricity,  276. 

Elmira,  New  York,  82,  262. 

Ely,  R.  T.,  Municipal  ownership  of 
natural  monopolies,  312,  321. 

Emery,  J.  A.,  Statistical  units  used  in 
analysis  of  electric  railway  accounts, 
180. 

Engineering  Index,  18. 

Engineering  Index  Annual,  18. 

England,  see  Great  Britain. 

Erickson,  Halford,  Advantages  of  state 
regulation,  11,  144,  i74,  185,  378;  As 
to  depreciation  accounting,  237;  De- 
preciation, 237;  Depreciation  account- 
ing, 237;  Depreciation  and  its  relation 
to  the  fair  value,  238;  Depreciation 
problems,  238;  Electric  lighting  and 
power  rates,  276;  Importance  of  uni- 


form accounts  and  statistics,  180; 
Indeterminate    franchise    or    permit, 

102,  143,  145;  Making  rates  for  elec- 
tric current,  276;  Making  rates  for 
electric  plants,  204,  276;  Methods  of 
determining  life,  103,  169,  238,  250; 
Methods  of  providing  for  and  record- 
ing depreciation,  103,  170,  238,  250; 
Original  cost,  217;  Principles  of  valua- 
tion, 204,  225;  Rates  and  rate  making 
under  the  Wisconsin  law,  103,  170; 
Regulation  and  reasonable  returns, 
294;  Regulation  of  public  utilities, 
190,  276;  Regulation  of  public  utili- 
ties in  Wisconsin,  11,  103,  170;  Regu- 
lation of  utilities  by  commission,  11, 

103,  170;  Regulation  or  profit-shar- 
ing ?  148,  301 ;  Should  government 
regulate  security  issues  ?  190;  Some 
facts  relating  to  depreciation  and  rate 
making,  238,  268;  Some  problems  of 
public  utility  accounting,  238;  What 
should  a  company  earn  ?  294;  Wis- 
consin method  of  depreciation  ac- 
counting, 103,  170,  238. 

Erickson,  John,  Waterworks  plants  and 
the  proper  rates  for  domestic  and 
public  service,  291. 

Esch,  Fred.,  Utility  law  variations,  47, 

103,  159,  170. 
Eshleman,  J.  M.,  Criticism  of  the  repro- 
duction theory,  217;  Regulation  fun- 
damentals, 11;  Should  the  commission 
have  power  to  control  the  issuance  of 
securities  ?  190;  State  vs.  municipal 
regulations  of  public  utilities,  47,  159, 
175;  What  regulation  must  accom- 
plish if  it  is  to  be  permanent,  11,  148, 

175. 

Esson,  W.  B.,  Principles  and  profits  in 
electrical  supply,  276. 

Eugene,  Oregon,  93,  263,  358. 

Evans,  N.  W.,  History  of  taxation  in 
Ohio,  301. 

Ewing,  M.  C,  Recall  of  commissioners 
illogical,  149. 

Expert  testimony,  see  Valuation,  the- 
ories and  methods. 

Fairchild,  A.  W.,  Review  of  recent  legis- 
lation in  Wisconsin,  103,  170. 

Fairlie,  J.  A.,  Chicago  street  railways, 
56,  135,  347;  Essa}^  in  municipal 
administration,  23,  24, 335;  Municip>al 
activities  in  Great  Britain,  24,  118, 
371;  Municipal  conditions  in  some 
European  cities,  113,  366;  Municipal 
electric  lighting  in  Detroit,  72,  353; 
Municipal  government  in  Italy,  125, 
377,  in  Vienna,  109,  363;   Municipal 


390 


INDEX 


i»'i 


!((! 


improvements,  24,  335;  Public  utility 
legislation  in  Illinois,  53,  160;  Recent 
extensions  of  municipal  functions,  34, 
i33>34o;  Recent  legislation  on  munici- 
pal functions,  34, 133,  340;  Some  con- 
siderations on  municipal  ownership, 
313;  Street  railway  question  in  Chicago, 
56,135,348. 
Fair  value,  see  Valuation,  theories  and 

methods. 
Fares,  street  car,  286  flf. 
Fay,  C.  N.,  City  gets  fifty-five  per  cent, 

56,  i35»  301- 
Fay,  E.  P.,  Assessment  and  collection  of 
school  taxes  on  public  service  corpora- 
tions, 79,  301. 
Fenkell,  G.  H.,  Description  of  Detroit 

waterworks,  72. 
Ferguson,  Maxwell,  State  regulation  of 

railroads  in  the  south,  34,  154. 
Femald,  R.  H.,  Service  regulations  for 

gas,  185. 
Femie,  F.,  Depreciation  of  underground 
cables,   238;    Diversity  factors,   277; 
Obsolescence  of  electric  lighting  plant, 
238. 
Ferrin,  A.  W.,  Blue  sky  legislation,  63, 

190. 
Feurtado,  R.  S.,  Fair  price  of  gas  at  St. 

Paul,  76,  262. 
Feustel,  R.  M.,  Some  aspects  of  the  work 
of  the  Illinois  utilities  commission,  53, 
160. 
Finance  forum,  see  Y.  M.  C.  A.,  N.  Y. 

West  Side  Branch. 
Fink,  Henry,  Valuation  of  railroad  prop- 
erty, 204. 
Fire  hydrant  rates,  see  Water  rates. 
Fisher,  W.  L.,  The  American  munici- 
pality, 313. 
Fitting,  R.  N.,  Depreciation,  238. 
Flat  rates,  see  Rate  schedules. 
Fleming,  H.  B.,  see  Arnold,  B.  J. 
Fletcher,  F.  N.,  Should  public  utilities 
be  assessed  for  taxation  by  commis- 
sions ?  302. 
Florida,  52,  345,  346. 
Floy,  Henry,  Appraisals  of  public  utility 
properties  in  greater  New  York,  83, 
213;   Cost  of  reproduction,  221,  226; 
Depreciation,  239,  250;   Depreciation 
as  related  to  electrical  properties,  239; 
Development  expenses,  intangible  ex- 
penses, non-physical  costs,  overhead 
expenses,  221,  226,  250;    Engineer's 
activity  in  public  affairs,   149,   231; 
Examples  of  important  appraisals,  34, 
211;     Franchises,    good    will,    going 
value,  contracts,  226,  231;  Franchises, 
working  capital  and  bond  discounts. 


226,  231;  Indefinite  obligations  in 
municipal  contracts,  128;  Land,  pav- 
ing and  water  rights,  233;  Public  ser- 
vice commissions,  ^4,  154;  Structural 
costs,  233;  ValuaUon  of  public  utility 
properties,  196,  221;  Value  for  rate 
making,  196,  217,  226. 

Folwell,  A.  P.,  Standard  forms  for  munic- 
ipal utilities,  180. 

Foote,  A.  R.,  Cost  of  service  to  users  and 
tax  payers,  269,  309;    Economic  as- 

S«ts  of   municipal   franchises,    128; 
ow  should  the  franchise  question  be 
settled?    128;    Municipal   ownership 
problem  solved,  11,  329;    Municipal 
public  service  industries,  6,  309;   No 
government  should  operate  an  indus- 
tO',.83»  329,  355;    Non-taxation  of 
service  companies,   149;    Regulation 
and  taxation  of  public  service  corpora- 
tions, 302,  378;  Regulation  of  public 
utihties,  79,  104,  164,  170;   Relation 
of  franchise  taxation  to  rates,  302; 
Taxation  of  public  service  corpora- 
tions, ^02;    Taxation  of  railroads  in 
the  United  States,  302. 
Foote,  Mark,  Grand  Rapids'  municipal 
water  plant,  73,  353;   Grand  Rapids 
to  quit  city  lighting,  73,  353;    Is  a 
five-cent  street  car  fare  equitable  ?  73, 
261. 

Ford,  F.  R.,  Holding  company,  advan- 
tage and  disadvantages,  34,  308;  Pas- 
senger rates  and  fares  in  cities,  34, 
256,  288;  Theory  of  street  railway 
rate  regulation  as  developed  in  the 
Coney  Island  fare  case,  79,  213,  250; 
Treatment  of  depreciation,  239;  Valu- 
ation of  intangible  street  railway 
property,  35,  211,  221,  226. 
Ford,  H.  J.,  Baltimore,  64. 
Ford,    John,    Reasons    for    municipal 

ownership,  321. 
Forest,  H.  V.,  Profits  in  the  lighting 

business,  294. 
Forrest,  J.  D.,  New  plan  for  the  control 

of  quasi-public  works,  11,  60. 
Forse,  W.  H.,  Jr.,  Electric  raUway  audit- 
ing and  accounting,  j8o;    Improving 
accounting  methods,    180;    Interline 
accounting    of    interurban    railways, 
180;  Sinking  funds,  239. 
Forstall,  A.  E.,  Brief  history  of  gas  legis- 
lation in  Great  Britain,  1 18,  298;  Con- 
cerning gas  standards,  185;    Review 
of  recent  decisions  of  commissions, 
250;  Sliding  scale  regulation  of  prices 
and  rates  of  dividend,  298.     See  also 
Burdett,  Frederick. 
Fort  Wayne,  Indiana,  60,  349. 


INDEX 


391 


Foster,  H.  A.,  Capitalization,  294;  Cen- 
tral station  bookkeeping,  181;  Con- 
trol of  public  utilities,  149;  Court 
decisions,  251;  Depreciation,  239; 
Engineering  valuation  of  public  utili- 
ties and  factories,  18,  197,  221;  Fran- 
chise, 128,  145,  231,  251,  302;  Hand- 
ling of  depreciation  funds,  240;  Pur- 
poses of  valuation,  204;  Value,  217; 
Value  of  good  will,  going  concern  or 
going  value,  226. 

Foster,  Roger,  Taxation  of  elevated  rail- 
roads in  New  York,  83,  302. 

Foulke,  W.  D.,  Public  service  should  be 
free,  321. 

Fowle,  F.  F.,  Discrimination  in  central 
station  rates,  277;  Going  value,  226; 
Practical  discussion  of  depreciation, 
240. 

Fowler,  C.  P.,  Some  fundamental  prin- 
ciples underlying  the  sale  of  electrical 
energy,  277. 

Fox,  A.  M.,  Going  value  in  purchase  vs. 
rate  cases,  227,  248. 

France,  112,  113,  144,  266,  365. 

Franchises,  i27ff. 

General  works,  127. 
History:  United  States  and  Foreign, 
132;  United  States— general,  132;  Cali- 
fornia, 134;  Colorado,  134;  Illinois,  135; 
Indiana,  137;  Iowa,  137;  Massachu- 
setts, 137;  Michigan,  138;  Minnesota, 
138;  Missouri,  139;  New  York,  139; 
Ohio,  141;  Pennsylvania,  143;  Wis- 
consin, 143;  Canada,  144;  France,  144. 
Length  of  term,  144. 

Franchise  value,  231,  232. 

Francis,  G.  B.,  Electric  railways  in  the 
Ohio  valley,  87;  Street  railway  system 
of  Providence,  97. 

Francis,  V.  H.,  Why  municipal  plants 
are  failures,  329. 

Francisco,  M.  J.,  Business  of  munici- 
palities and  private  corporations  com- 
pared, 35,  256,  340;  Municipalities 
vs.  private  corporations,  35,  256,  340; 
Municipal  ownership:  its  fallacy,  35, 
320,  340;  Municipal  ownership  vs. 
pnvate  corporations,  24,  255,313,335. 

Frankfort-on-the-Main,  Germany,   114, 

367. 
Freeman,  W.  W.,  Mumcipal  ownership 

uneconomic,  329. 

Fremont,  Nebraska,  77,  354. 

French,  H.  F.,  Reproduction  value  vs. 
fair  value,  217. 

French,  H.  J.,  Laying  foundation  for  new 
commission,  53, 160. 

Friedman,  H.  G.,  Taxation  of  corpora- 
tions in  Massachusetts,  66,  302. 


Friedman,  H.  J.,  A  word  about  commis- 
sions, 149,  192. 

Frost,  H.  H.,  Description  of  Akron  water- 
works plant,  88. 

Fuller,  Cf.  H.,  Estimating  cost  of  track 
construction,  181. 

Fuller,  G.  W.,  Elements  to  be  considered 
in  fixing  water  rates,  291. 

Fullerton,  Irwin,  Do  low  fares  increase 
riding  ?  72,  261,  288. 

Galena,  Illinois,  59,  348. 

Galesburg,  Illinois,  59,  348. 

Galloway,  J.  D.,  Is  utility  regulation  on 
the  right  basis  ?  1 2. 

Gandolpho,  J.  H.,  Valuation  of  public 
utility  property,  12,  204,  217. 

Gardiner,  H.  M.,  Discord  in  municipal 
ownership,  61,  349;  Electric  plant  of 
Logansport,  61,  349. 

Gardmer,  W.  H.,  Public  relations  and 
taxation,  302. 

Gardiner,  W.  H.,  Jr.,  London  sliding 
scale  as  a  method  for  regulation,  118, 
298;  The  making  of  rates,  285. 

Garges,  D.  E.,  Washington,  D.  C.,  52. 

Garrison,  N.  J.,  Intangible  assets  of 
public  utilities,  227. 

Garrison,  W.  L.,  Establish  principle  and 
let  methods  evolve,  303,  313. 

Garvin,  L.  F.  C,  Public  service  should 
be  free,  321. 

Gasell,  G.  A.,  Sliding  scale  gas  rates,  298. 

Gaskill,  D.  L.,  Causes  of  failures  in 
municipal  lighting,  329;  Ohio's  public 
utility  law's  weakness,  87,  167;  Rela- 
tion of  electric  ligh  t  companies  to  munic- 
ipalities from  a  legal  standpoint,  128. 

Gas  rates,  284  ff. 

Gates,  A.  J.,  Catalogue  of  technical 
periodicals,  18. 

Gault,  E.  D.,  Accounting  system  for 
sdmlII  electric  railway,  181. 

Gaynor,  W.  J.,  New  York's  subway 
policy,  83. 

Gear,  H.  B.,  Diversity  factor  in  the  dis- 
tribution of  electric  light  and  power, 
277. 

Geijsbeek,  J.  B.,  Fair  return  to  public 
utilities,  240. 

General  works,  3  fif. 

Books,  3;  articles,  9;  bibliographies, 

17. 
Gentry,  R.  G.,  Denver's  famous  street 

lighting,  51. 
George,  H.  H.,  Estimating  the  cost,  181. 
Georgia,  52,  53,  259,  346. 
Germany,  X13,  ii4»  266,  366,  367. 
Gessell,  G.  A.,  Minnesota  public  utility 

rates:  gas,  electric,  water,  74,  262, 354. 


) 


fi 


392 


INDEX 


Gille,  H.  J.,  Public  service  corporation 
rates,  277. 

Gillette,  H.  P.,  Appraisal  of  electric  prop- 
erties, 204;  Appraisal  of  overhead 
costs,  227;  Appraisal  of  water  power 
rights,  227;  Court  decisions  showing 
present  value  to  be  the  only  value  for 
rate  making  purposes,  251;  Develop- 
ment cost  or  going  value,  227;  Non- 
physical  or  going  concern  values,  227; 
Rational  method  of  calculating  de- 
preciated value,  240;  Two  conOicting 
theories  of  valuation,  218;  Use  of  de- 
preciation data,  240;  Uses  of  an  ap- 
praisal, 204;  Valuation  of  public 
service  properties,  227,  294;  Valua- 
tion of  waterworks  properties,  204: 
I.  Inventorying  a  waterworks  plant, 
222,  II.  Estimating  accrued  deprecia- 
tion, 240,  III.  Appraisal  of  overhead 
costs,  227,  IV.  Of  reservoir  site  value, 
233,  V.  Of  water  right  values,  227, 
VI.  Of  development  cost,  228,  VII.  Of 
working  capital,  228,  X.  Rate  of  fair 
return,  294. 

Gilmore,  E.  A.,  Wisconsin  public  utilities 
act,  104,  170. 

Gladden,  Washington,  Public  service 
companies  and  city  governments,  321. 

Glaeser,  M.  G.,  Problem  of  unit  prices  in 
valuation,  222. 

Glasgow  (corporation),  Handbook  on  the 
municipal  enterprises,  118,  371. 

Glasgow,  Scotland,  115,  117,  118,  119, 
121,  123,  124,  125,  3M,  370,  371,  373, 
375,  376,  377. 

Glendale,  California,  48,  343. 

Goetz,  J.  H.,  Court  decisions  on  deprecia- 
tion, 251. 

Going  concern  value,  see  Intangibles. 

Going  value,  see  Intangibles. 

Goldman,  O.  B.,  Multiplex  cost  and  rate 
system,  277. 

Goldsworth,  A.  D.,  Municipal  electric 
lighting  in  Alameda,  48,  343. 

Gonden,  H.  J.,  Gas  at  less  than  cost,  74; 
Regulation  vs.  municipal  ownership, 
330;  Robbing  Peter,  35,  330,  340. 

Goodnow,  F.  J.,The  British  municipality, 
313;  Powers  of  municipalities  respect- 
ing public  works,  24. 

Goodrich,  J.  P.,  The  public  welfare  and 
the  holding  company,  61, 190,  308. 

Good  will,  see  Intangibles. 

Gordon,  F.  G.  R.,  Chippewa  FaUs  defeats 
municipal  ownership,  108,  363;  Jack- 
sonville municipal  electric  lighting 
plant,  52,  346;  Municipal  ownership 
failures  in  Indiana,  60, 349;  Municipal 
ownership  in  Birminghain,  47,  343; 


Seamy  side  of  a  famous  municipal 
enterprise,  in,  364;  Street  railways 
of  Boston  vs.  tramways  of  Glasgow,  24, 
371;  The  truth  about  Calgary,  in, 
364. 

Gordon,  J.  B.,  Equitable  sliding  scale  for 
rates  of  electric  power,  277. 

Graham,  D.  A.,  Application  of  theories 
of  regulation  to  management,  12;  ap- 
praisal of  waterworks  properties,  205, 
218. 

Grambs,  W.  J.,  The  inefl5ciency  of  munic- 
ipal ownership,  100,  361;  Notes  on 
rate  making,  277. 

Grand  Rapids,  Michigan,  73,  74,  261, 
353- 

Grant,  G.  R.,  New  York  public  service 
commission  for  the  second  district,  79, 
164. 

Grant,  H.  D.,  Depreciation  and  reserve 
accounts,  240. 

Gray,  H.  L.,  Necessity  of  depreciation 
reserves,  240. 

Gray,  J.  H.,  Competition  and  capitaliza- 
tion as  controlled  by  the  Massa- 
chusetts gas  commission,  66,  162,  190; 
Control  of  quasi-public  enterprises, 
68;  Difficulties  of  control,  67;  Expert 
testimony  in  rate  valuation  cases,  218; 
Gas  commission  of  Massachusetts,  67, 
162;  General  history  and  legislation: 
United  States  gas  works,  35,  340, 
United  States  waterworks,  35,  340; 
Public  service  commissions,  12,  35, 
154;  Regulation  of  public  service 
corporations,  218.  See  also  Hard, 
William. 

Great  Barrington,  Massachusetts,  70. 

Great  Britain,  114  ff.,  266,  267,  367  flf. 

Gross,  Murray,  San  Francisco,  50. 

Grosser,  H.  S.,  Chicago,  56;  Movement 
for  municipal  ownership  in  Chicago, 
56, 348. 

Grout,  E.  M.,  New  York  City  should  own 
the  gas  supply,  84,  322,  355. 

Gruhl,  Edwin,  Cost  of  carrying  a  pas- 
senger, 288;  Depreciation  estimates, 
240;  Policies  of  regulating  bodies,  35, 
154;  Recent  tendencies  in  valuations, 
36,  205,  211,  218,  251;  Taxing  the 
utilities,  303;  Uniform  accounting, 
181. 

Grimsky,  C.  E.,  Appraisal  of  public  ser- 
vice properties,  205,  241;  Depreciation 
as  an  element  in  appraisal,  241. 

Guernsey,  N.  T.,  Pnnciples  of  railway 
valuation,  205;  Regulation  of  munici- 
pal utilities,  149;  Relation  of  taxation 
to  rates,  303;  Utility  regulation,  149; 
Valuation:  a  common  sense  view,  205. 


INDEX 


393 


Guyot,  Yves,  Where  and  why  public 
ownership  has  failed,  118,  330,  371. 

Gwinn,  D.  R.,  Water  rates  charged  in 
375  cities,  36,  257,  341. 

Hagenah,  W.  J.,  Development  of  the 
true  function  of  the  commission,  36, 
154;  Intangible  values  of  electric  rail- 
ways, 228;  State  control  vs.  municipal, 
175- 

Hale,  R.  S.,  Municipal  ownership  in  Eng- 
land, 118,371;  Price  of  electricity,  277. 

Hall,  B.  E.,  Administrative  difficulties  of 
the  special  franchise  tax  law,  79, 303. 

Halle,  Germany,  114,  367. 

Hamilton,  J.  H.,  Syracuse  water  supply, 
87,  356. 

Hamilton,  Ohio,  92,  258. 

Hamilton,  Stacy,  R6sum6  and  compari- 
son of  rate  theories,  269. 

Hamlen,  E.  W.,  Glasgow  and  its  munic- 
ipal tramways,  69,  119,  330,  371. 

Hamm,  W.  C,  City-owned  street  cars, 

"9,371,372. 

Hammond,  Robert,  Depreciation,  241. 

Haney,  L.  H.,  Depreciation  and  valua- 
tion, 241;  Joint  costs,  269;  Railway 
regulation  in  Texas,  98,  168. 

Hanna,  J.  R.,  Des  Moines'  street  railway 
franchise,  62, 137. 

Hansel,  Charles,  Valuation  of  railroads 
in  New  Jersey,  78,  213,  303. 

Hanson,  A.  C,  Tariffs  for  electric  motive 
power,  277,  288. 

Hard,  William,  and  Gray,  J.  H.,  General 
histoiy  and  legislation:  United  States 
electricity  works,  34,  36. 

Hardenbui]^,  W.  E.,  Calgary's  municipal 
street  railways,  in,  365. 

Harris,  L.  H.,  Service  regulations  for 
electrical  utilities,  185. 

Harris,  R.  W.,  Method  for  determining 
the  adequacy  of  an  electric  railway 
system,  185. 

Harrison,  C.  H.,  Regulation  of  public 
utilities,  12,175,322. 

Harrison,  John,  Municipal  trading,  313. 

Harshman,  C.  C,  Obsolescence  in  ap- 
praisal for  rate  making,  241. 

Hart,  A.  B.,  see  McLoughlin,  A.  C. 

Hartwell,  E.  M.,  Boston,  69. 

Harvard  Law  Review  —  Notes,  Prob- 
lem of  going  value,  228,  251;  Valua- 
tion of  property  of  public  service 
company,  251;  Valuation  of  public 
service  franchises,  231,  251. 

Harzfeld,  J.  A.,  Utilities  commission  of 
Kansas  City,  76,  163. 

Haselmann,  Depreciation  as  applicable 
to  electric  railways,  241. 


Haskins,  C.  W.,  and  Johnson,  J.  F.,  Re- 
cent history  of  municipal  owneiship, 
36, 341. 

Hasse,  A.  R.,  Index  of  economic  material 
in  documents  of  the  states,  18. 

Hatch,  A.  S.,  Cost  of  electric  lighting, 
36,  257. 

Hatch,  J.  N.,  Development  of  the  electric 
railway,  24. 

Hatch,  W.  B.,  Successful  fight  for  a 
municipal  gas  plant,  74,  354. 

Hatfield,  H.  R.,  Some  neglected  phases 
of  accounting,  181. 

Hatton,  T.  C,  Municiptal  ownership  of 
water  supplies,  322. 

Hatton,  W.  H.,  Public  service  commis- 
sions, 12, 175. 

Hawley,  W.  C.,  see  Metcalf,  Leonard. 

Hay,  David,  see  Mott,  Basil. 

Hayden,  J.  C,  Street  railway  situation 
in  Detroit,  72. 

Hayden,  W.  S.,  Street  railway  situation 
in  Cleveland,  90,  142. 

Hayes,  H.  V.,  Ascertainment  of  fair  pres- 
ent value,  206;  Depreciation,  241; 
Determination  of  replacement  cost, 
233;  Fair  present  value,  248;  Fair 
rate  of  return,  295;  Going  value,  228; 
Original  cost  versus  replacement  cost, 
206;  Principles  to  be  applied  in  valuing 
land,  233;  Property  valuations,  206; 
Public's  financial  interest  in  public 
utilities,  149;  Public  utilities:  their 
cost  new  and  depreciation,  197,  218, 
222, 228, 241,  fair  present  value  and  re- 
turn, 197,  218;  Vdues  of  good  will  and 
franchises,  232;  Worth  of  service,  295. 

Head,  J.  M.,  One  mayor's  experience,  97, 
360. 

Heilman,  R.  E.,  Chicago  subway  prob- 
lem, 57,  13s;  Chicago  traction,  57, 
135,  348;  Commission  control  of  re- 
fimding  utility  securities,  36,  154, 190; 
Development  by  commissions  of  the 
principles  of  capitalization,  36,  154, 
190,  of  valuation,  37,  155,  211,  251; 
Some  economic  aspects  of  waterworks 
valuation,  37,  228,  252. 

Heim,  J.  B.,  Meter  rates,  37,  108,  257, 
265;  Municipal  ownership  of  water- 
works, 108,  363. 

Helm,  A.  E.,  Principles  to  be  applied  in 
valuation  of  lands,  233,  252. 

Henderson,  C.  R.,  Competitive  water- 
works, 37,  341. 

Henderson,  Kentucky,  63,  350. 

Henriques,  J.  C,  Power  plsuit  inventory, 
222. 

Herrick,  C.  L.,  Labor  costs  and  load 
factor,  277. 


394 


INDEX 


Heyn,  E.  T.,  The  municipal  ownership  of 

street  railways  in  Germany,  113,  366; 

Recent  history  of  municipal  ownership 

in  Germany,  114,  366. 

Hicks,  T.  L.,  Philadelphia  gas  works 

under  private  operation,  94,  358. 
Higgins,  E.  E.,  Municipal  and  private 
management  of  street  railways,  129, 
330. 
Hild,  F.  W.,  EflFect  of  rate  of  fare  on  rid- 
ing habit,  289. 
Hill,   J.   W.,   Municipal  ownership  of 

pubUc  utilities,  330. 
Hill,   N.   S.,  Jr.,  Valuation  of  public 

utilities,  206. 
Hill,  W.  P.,  Municipal  ownership  would 

stop  corruption,  322. 
Hill,  W.  R.,  City  ownership  of  water 

supply,  87,  356. 
Hills,  A.  S.,  Origin,  growth  and  work  of 

commissions,  37,  155. 
Historical  cost,  see  Valuation,  theories 

and  methods. 
History  of  utilities  and  of  regulation,  22fiF. 
United  States  and  foreign,  22; 
United  States  —  general,  28;  Ala- 
bama, 47;  California,  47;  Colorado, 
51;  Connecticut,  51;  District  of 
Columbia,  52;  Florida,  52;  Georgia, 
52;  Idaho,  S3;  Illinois,  53;  Indiana, 
60;  Iowa,  61;  Kansas,  63;  Kentucky, 
63;  Louisiana,  63;  Maryland,  64; 
Massachusetts,  65;  Michigan,  71; 
Minnesota,  74;  Missouri,  76;  Ne- 
braska, 77;  New  Jersey,  78;  New 
York,  78;  Ohio,  87;  Oklahoma,  93; 
Oregon,  93;  Pennsylvania,  93;  Rhode 
Island,  97;  South  Dakota,  97;  Ten- 
nessee, 97;  Texas,  97;  Vermont,  98; 
Viiginia,  99;  Washington,  99;  West 
Virginia,  loi;  Wisconsin,  loi;  Aus- 
tria, 109;  Belgium,  109;  Canada,  109; 
France,  112;  Germany,  113;  Great 
Britain,  114;  Italy,  125;  Japan,  126; 
Spain,  126;  Sweden,  126;  Switzerland, 
126. 

Hixson,  L.  T.,  More  about  sinking  funds, 
241. 

Hoadley,  E.  E.,  Tariff  alterations,  278. 

Hoag,  S.  A.,  System  of  rates  for  electric 
light  and  power,  278. 

Hocken,  H.  C,  Hydroelectric  system  in 
Toronto,  ni,  365. 

Hodge,  W.  H.,  Columbus:  a  city  in  the 
dark,  92,  357;  Commonwealth  Edison 
Company,  57;  Concerning  franchise 
values,  232;  Long  term  franchise 
grants,  145;  Ownership  that  does  not 
pay»  S9»  348;  Public  service  of  Omaha, 
77;  Three-cent  traction  service,  90. 


Hodgkins,  H.  C,  Franchises  of  public 

utiliUes,  «7,  133,  155. 
Holcomb,  A.  E.,  Assessment  of  public 
service  corporations,  303;  Pubhc  ser- 
vice corporation  assessment,  303. 
Holcombe,  A.  N.,  Electric  lighting  sys- 
tem of  Paris,  112,  365. 
Holding  companies,  308.    See  also  Cap- 
italization, control  of. 
Holland,  Michigan,  74. 
HoUoway,  W.  R.,  Municipal  ownership 

in  Canada,  iii,  365. 
Holmes,  F.  L.,  Commissions  and  the 
courts,  195;    Depreciation,  242;    In- 
determinate permit  and  convenience 
and  necessity  laws,  143,  145;  Physical 
valuation  of  railroads  and  utilities, 
206,  214;  Rate  of  return,  295;  Regu- 
lation of  railroads  and  public  utilities 
in  Wisconsin,  6,  104,  149,  171,  264, 
269;  Regulation  of  stocks  and  bonds, 
191;   Regulation  that  regulates,  104, 
171;  Standardization  of  service,  185: 
State  control  of  municipally  owned 
plants,  378;    State  vs.  local  control, 
17s;  Uniform  accounting,  181. 
Holyoke,  Massachusetts,  70,  261,  352. 
Homer,  F.  T.,  Public  advantages  of  hold- 
ing companies,  308;   The  public,  the 
investor  and  the  holding  company,  308. 
Hotchkiss,  W.  E.,  Chicago  traction,  57, 
136;  Recent  phases  of  Chicago's  trans- 
portation problem,  57,  136. 
Houston,  Texas,  98,  264. 
How,  Jared,  Depreciation  as  an  element 

in  rate  making,  242. 
Howe,  F.  C,  The  British  city:  the  begin- 
ning of  democracy,  1 19, 372;  Case  for . 
municipal  ownership,  322;   City  and 
the   public   service   corporation,   37 
Does  municipal  ownership  pay  ?  119, 
372;    European  cities  at  work,  119, 
372;  Municipal  ownership  in  Ainerica, 
37,  341,  in  Cleveland,  90,  357,  in 
Europe,  24,  336,  in  Great  Britain,  119, 
372;  Municipal  ownership:  the  testi- 
mony of  foreign  experience,  24,  336; 
Socializing  the  means  of  transit,  114, 
366;    Taxation  of  quasi-public  cor- 
porations in  Ohio,  87,  303;  Taxation 
of  railroads  and  other  public  service 
corporations,    304;     The    way    out: 
municipal  ownership,  322. 
Howland,  H.  J.,  A  year  of  government  by 

commission,  79,  164. 
Howlett,  C.  A.  S.,  see  Lloyd,  E.  W. 
Hoxie,  G.  L.,  Some  features  of  rate  fixing 

for  electric  properties,  206,  269. 
Hudnall,  G.  H.,  Public  service  commis- 
sion law  of  Wisconsin,  104, 171. 


INDEX 


39S 


Hudson,  Leo,  Example  of  competition 
between  publicly  and  privately  owned 
waterworks,  96. 

Huebner,  G.  G.,  Five  years  of  railroad 
regulation,  38, 155. 

Huggins,  W.  L.,  State  regulation  of  pub- 
lic utilities,  25, 155. 

Hull,  England,  119,  371. 

Humphreys,  A.  C.,  Depreciation,  242; 
Depreciation:  estimated  and  actual, 
242;  Engineer's  part  in  regulation, 
149;  Need  for  uniform  accounts,  181; 
Present  and  growing  need  for  uniform 
system  of  records  and  accounts,  181; 
Public  service  rate  making,  285;  Pub- 
lic utilities,  313;  Qualifications  of  a 
commissioner,  149;  In  rate  fixing  by 
commission  should  depreciation  be 
deducted,  242;  Reform  and  regulation, 

ISO. 
Humphreys,  C.  J.  R.,  Development  of 
the  public  utilities  commission,  38, 

Hungerford,  Edward,  Rapid  transit  in 

Boston  and  vicinity,  69. 
Hunter,  C.  F.,  Commission's  electrical 

testing  outfit,  80,  164,  186. 
Hunter,  W.  R.,  Municipal  ownership  of 

utilities,  330. 
Hurd,  E.  C.,  Organization  for  and  results 

of  physical  valuation  in  Nebraska,  77, 

213;  Should  depreciation  apply  ?  242. 
Hutchinson,  R.   W.,  Jr.,  Question  of 

municipal  ownership,  330. 

Idaho,  S3,  259,  346. 

Illinois,  53  ff.,  i^S,  136,  I37»  160,  161, 
aia,  259,  346,  347,  348- 

Illinois  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics,  Re- 
port, 53,  346. 

Indeterminate  pemut,  see  Length  of 
term,  franchise. 

Indiana,  60,  61,  137, 161,  349. 

Indianapolis,  Indiana,  60,  61, 137,  349. 

Industrial  Arts  Index,  18. 

Ingham,  W.  B.,  Theory  and  practice  of 
the  skifHstop,  186. 

Ingram,  F.  F.,  Municipal  lighting,  De- 
troit, 72,  3S3;  Municipal  operation  in 
Detroit,  72, 353;  Mumdpal  ownership 
and  ^)eration  vs.  private  ownership, 
322;  Should  the  people  or  the  corpora- 
tions light  our  cities,  72, 322, 353.  See 
also  Bemis,  £.  W. 

Insull,  Samuel,  Some  comments  on  pub- 
lic utility  commissions,  150. 

Intangibles,  224  fF. 

Interstate  Commerce  Commission,  see 
U.  S.  Interstate  Commerce  Commis- 
UOD. 


Inventories,  22off. 

Iowa,  61, 62, 137, 161,  212,  260, 349, 350. 

Iowa  City,  Iowa,  62,  260. 

Ireland,  see  Great  Britain. 

Italy,  125,  126,  267,  377. 

Ivens,   E.   M.,   Donaldsonville  electric 

light  and  waterworks  plant,  63,  350. 
Ives,  A.  S.,  Factors  in  rate  making,  278. 
Ivins,  W.  M.,  and  Mason,  H.  G.,  Control 

of  public  utilities,  80,  164. 

Jackson,  D.  C,  Appraisals  of  electric 
light  and  power  properties,  206;  Equi- 
table rate  making  by  public  service 
companies,  12;  Equitable  rates  for 
public  service,  12. 

Jackson,  H.  D.,  Discrimination  in  rates 
for  electricity,  278;  Public  vs.  the  pub- 
lic service  corporation,  150, 175;  Rates 
for  electricity,  278;  Theories  of  electric 
current  rate  schedules,  278. 

Jackson,  W.  B.,  Depreciation  and  reserve 
fund  of  electrical  properties,  243;  De- 
preciation of  electrical  properties,  243; 
Depreciation  problem,  243;  Discus- 
sion of  the  depreciation  problem,  243. 

Jacksonville,  Florida,  52,  345,  346. 

James,  C.  C,  Depreciation  and  value  of 
public  utilities,  243. 

James,  E.  J.,  Municipal  gas  and  electric- 
ity in  Halle,  114,367;  Relation  of  munic- 
ipality to  the  gas  supply,  25, 322. 

James,  E.  W.,  Ethical  principle  in  physi- 
cal valuation,  206. 

James,  R.  C,  and  Turner,  E.  H.,  General 
remarks  upon  financial  conditions,  119, 
372.    See  also  Turner,  E.  H. 

Japan,  126,  377. 

Jeckell,  J.  A.,  Supply  of  cheap  electrical 
energy  for  industrial  purposes,  119. 

Jenkins,  J.  B.,  Absurdities  of  the  straight 
line  method  of  determining  depreda- 
tion, 243. 

Jenkins,  W.  C,  Des  Moines'  utilities,  62; 
Public  utilities  of  Cincinnati,  88,  of 
St.  Louis,  77;  Public  utility  holding 
companies,  308;  Unusual  traction 
conditions  in  Pittsburgh,  96. 

Jenson,  M.  £.,  Experiment  conducted  at 
Norwich,  51,  345. 

Joems,  W.  G.,  Duluth,  75. 

Johannesburg,  Transvaal,  122,  374. 

Johnson,  E.  R.,  American  railway  trans- 
portation, 38;  Courts  and  railway 
regulation,  195;  Elements  of  transpor- 
tation, 38;  Principles  of  governmental 
regulation,  150;  Public  regulation  of 
street  railway  transportation,  13,  25; 
Railway  regulation  by  the  states,  38, 
155;  Railway  taxation,  304;  Regulation 


396 


INDEX 


of  railways  by  the  American  state  gov- 
ernments, 38,  156;  Trend  of  govern- 
mental regulation  of  railroads,  39. 

Johnson,  E.  R.,  and  Van  Metre,  T.  W., 
Courts  and  railroad  regulation,  195; 
Regulation  of  railways  by  the  Ameri- 
can state  governments,  38,  155. 

Johnson,  George,  Depreciation,  243; 
Electric  lighting  accounts,  181. 

Johnson,  J.  F.,  see  Haskins,  C.  W. 

Johnson,  R.  V.,  Workings  of  Wisconsin 
conunission,  104,  171. 

Johnson,  T.  L.,  Municipal  ownership  for 
all  public  utilities,  323. 

Jonah,  F.  G.,  Valuation  of  railroads,  206. 

Jones,  A.  C,  Light  and  water  plant  of 
Opelousas,  64, 351 ;  Opelousas's  munic- 
ipal lighting  plMit,  64,  351. 

Jones,  C.  L.,  American  municipal  services 
from  the  standpoint  of  the  entrepre- 
neur, 330;  Madrid,  its  government  and 
municipal  services,  126. 

Jones,  S.  P.,  Advisability  of  a  state  com- 
mission for  Minnesota,  74,  163,  175; 
Lower  gas  and  electric  rates  in  Minne- 
apolis, 75,  262;  Municipal  gas  settle- 
ment, 75,  138;  State  vs.  local  regula- 
tion, 176;  What  certain  cities  have 
accomplished  without  state  regulation, 
39, 176. 

Jones,  W.  H.,  Public  services  of  Indian- 
apolis, 61. 

Jordan,  F.  C,  Rate  making,  291;  Mak- 
ing rates  for  water  service,  291. 
Judicial  Review,  192  flf. 

General  works,  192;  History,  194. 
Jueigensen,  D.  F.,  Misapplication  of 
interest,  contingencies,  and  engineer- 
ing items,  219,  252;  Railroad  valua- 
tion: reproduction  cost  new  as  a  sole 
basis  for  rates,  219,  252;  Wrong  basis 
for  rates,  207,  219. 

Kahn,  J.  B.,  Alameda  municipal  electric 
light  plant,  48,  343. 

Kalamazoo,  Michigan,  74, 353. 

Kamloop,  Canada,  109,  363. 

Kansas,  63,  350. 

Kansas  City,  Kansas,  63,  350. 

Kansas  City,  Missouri,  76, 139, 163,  213, 
354..  . 

Katagiri,  Yoshio,  Municipal  electric 
road  of  Osaka,  126,  377. 

Kealy,  P.  J.,  Discussion  of  depreciation, 
243;  Municipal  cooperation  in  public 
utility  management,  13,  129;  Over- 
head charges  in  valuation  work,  228, 
229;  Provisions  of  the  Kansas  City 
franchise,  76,  139;  Part  played  by 
overhead  charges,  229. 


Keith,  John,  Kansas  City's  waterworks 
fiasco,  76,  354. 

Kelly,  Edward,  Operating  a  central 
station  against  municipal  competition. 
98, 360.  *^ 

Kelsay,  G.  H.,  Cost  and  sale  of  power  by 
railways,  269. 

Kennard,  E.  G.,  Comparative  costs  of 
gas  and  electric  lighting,  278,  285. 

Kennedy,  J.  S.,  New  York  public  service 
commissions,  80,  164. 

Kennedy,  S.  M.,  Justification  of  devia- 
tions m  electric  rates,  278. 

Kent,  C.  A.,  Suggestions  for  and  against 
municipal  ownership,  331. 

Kentucky,  63,  350. 

Kerr,  W.  D.,  Constitutional  protection  in 
valuation,  193,  252;  Future  regulation 
of  public  utilities,  13;  Public  vs.  private 
ownership,  207,  313;  Qualifications 
needed  for  public  utilities  commis- 
sioners, 39,  150,  156. 

Kidston,  W.  L.,  Seattle  municipal  light- 
ing plant,  100,  361. 

Kiefer,  P.  J.,  Central  station  rate  making, 
278. 

Kiersted,  Wynkoop,  Influence  of  state 
regulation  upon  economy  and  effi- 
ciency, 13;  Valuation  of  waterworks 
property,  207. 

Kimball,  F.  C,  Equity  of  a  minimum 
charge  for  metered  service,  291. 

King,  C.  L,,  Franchise  essentials,  129; 
History  of  the  government  of  Denver, 
51,  134;  Minnesota  home  rule  and 
Wisconsin  regulation,  105, 171;  Munic- 
ipal ownership  vs.  adequate  regulation, 
314,  323.  378;  Need  for  public  utility 
commissions,  13,  150;  Need  for  regu- 
lation, 13,  39;  Public  regulation  of  gas 
lighting,  13;  Regulation  of  municipal 
utilities,  6;  Rules  regulating  water 
service  adopted  by  commissions,  39, 
156,  186;  State  vs.  municipal  utihty 
commissions,  176. 

Kittredge,  A.  O.,  Ideal  system  of  street 
railway  accounts,  182. 

Klotz,  R.  G.,  Pick  rational  plant  units 
for  depreciation  accounting,  243. 

Klumpp,  J.  B.,  Summary  of  commission 
regulations  governing  gas  supply,  39, 
156;  Summary  of  commission  regula- 
tions in  New  York,  186.  See  also 
Newbigging,  William. 

Klumpp,  J.  B.,  and  Winchester,  A.  E., 
Engineering  matters:  British  electric- 
ity supply  works,  120,  372. 

Knightstown,  Indiana,  61,  349. 

Knoop,  Douglas,  Principles  and  methods 
of  municipal  trading,  120,  309,  372. 


INDEX 


397 


Knowles,  Morris,  Determination  of  going 
value,  229;  Equitable  water  rates  the 
result  of  metering,  291;  Relation  of 
reproduction  cost  to  fair  value,  219; 
State  regulation  of  public  utilities,  13, 
150. 

Knowles,  Morris,  and  Scharff,  M.  A., 
Relation  of  "  out-of-jxxrket  cost " 
to  water  rate  making,  291. 

Knowlton,  H.  S.,  Labor  costs  in  central 
stations,  279;  Street  railway  fares  in 
large  cities,  289. 

Koiner,  C.  W.,  Municipal  ownership  of 
electric  utilities  on  the  Pacific  Coast, 
39>  257»  341;  Pasadena's  municipal 
light  and  power  plant,  49,  258,  344. 

Kuhn,  G.  W.,  How  to  appraise  public 
utility  property,  222. 

Kuichling,  E.,  see  Metcalf,  Leonard. 

Lackie,  W.  W.,  Tariffs  for  electrical 
energy,  279. 

Lake  Forest,  Illinois,  59, 137. 

Lakey,  F.  E.,  Providence,  97. 

Lamb,  L.  A.,  Status  of  the  Chicago  trac- 
tion problem,  57. 

Land  value,  233,  234. 

Lang,  A.  E.,  Toledo  street  railway  situa- 
tion, 92. 

Lapp,  J.  A.,  Public  utilities-control,  80, 
105,  164,  171. 

Larson,  C.  M.,  State  regulation  of  munic- 
ipally owned  plants,  105,  362,  378. 

Lawler,  J.  C,  Schedule  of  rates  involving 
investment  cost  of  reaching  the  con- 
sumer, 270,  279. 

Lawton,  W.  H.,  Depreciation  accounts, 
243;  Depreciation,  intangible  values 
and  rates,  150,  229,  243;  New  classi- 
fication of  electric  railway  expense, 
182;  Sinking  funds  in  rate  valuations, 
244. 

Lazell,  F.  J.,  Municipalizing  a  water 
plant,  62,  349. 

Lea,  H.  I.,  Elements  of  gas  rate  making, 
285;  Gas  rate  making,  285. 

Leake,  P.  D.,  Depreciation,  244. 

Leake,  Paul,  Street  railway  situation  in 
Detroit,  73,  138. 

Leber,  O.  H.,  Ownership  of  municipal 
monopolies,  323. 

Ledoux,  J.  W.,  Water  rates  and  exten- 
sions, 291. 

Lee,  C.  W.,  Free  si^  and  flat  rates,  279. 

Lee,  E.  B.,  Pubhc  utility  movement: 
holding  companies,  308,  commissions, 

39, 156. 
Lee,  G.  A.,  Regulation  of  public  service 

utilities,  150. 
Leeds,  England,  124,  376. 


Legal  aspects  of  regulation,  see  Judicial 

review. 
Length  of  term,  franchise,  144  ff. 
Leonard,  C.  F.,  Gas  service  regulation  in 

New  York,  80,  165,  186. 
Leroy-Beaulieu,  PauJ,  Public  ownership 

in  France,  112,  365. 
Lethbridge,  Canada,  no,  364. 
Lewis,  C.  T.,  Duration  of  franchises,  145; 

How  should  public  service  corporations 

be  controlled  ?  13. 
Lewis,  E.  O.,  Philadelphia's  relation  to 

rapid  transit  company,  94,  143. 
Lewis,  H.  T.,  Interest  and  profits  in  rate 

regulation,  105,  171,  219,  295 
Library  of  Congress,  see  U.  S.  Library  of 

Congress. 
Liebemecht,  A.,  Development  of  Zurich 

tramways,  126,  377. 
Li^ge,  Belgium,  109,  363. 
Lighting  rates,  see  Electric  rates. 
Lincoln,  P.  M.,  Rates  and  rate  making, 

279. 
Lindsley,  Van  Sinderen,  Rate  regulation 

of  gas  and  electric  lighting,  7,  193. 
Liverpool,  England,  115,  368,  375. 
Lloyd,  E.  W.,  Howlett,  C.  A.  S.,  and 

Waring,  J.  M.  S.,  Relation  of  load 

factor  to  power  costs,  279. 
Local  regulation,  see  State  vs.  local  regu- 
lation. 
Lockwood,  H.  A.,  Are  our  municipalities 

to  become  business  corporations  ?  331. 
Lockwood,  J.  E.,  Analysis  of  municipal 

lighting  in  Detroit,  73,  353. 
Loftus,  D.  J.,  Logansport  electric  light 

department,  61,  349. 
Logansport,  Indiana,  61,  349. 
London,  England,  114,  iiS,  120, 121, 122, 

124,  125,  a67,  367,  374,  377- 
London  sliding  scale,  see  Sliding  scale. 
Loomis,  H.  B.,  Franchise  taxation  in 

Dlinois,  53,  304. 
Los  Angeles,  California,  48,  159. 
Louisiana,  63,  64,  260,  350,  351. 
Loveland,  H.  D.,  How  commissions  re- 
gard utilities,  150. 
Lowell,  A.  L.,  Municipal  trading,  120, 

314,  372. 
Lowrie,  S.  G.,  Public  utility  problems  in 

Cincinnati,  88. 
Lubbock,  John,  see  Avebury,  J.  L. 
Lyons,  B.  F.,  Municipal  ownership,  loi, 

120,  314,  362,  373,  of  gas  works,  loi, 

120,  314,  362,  373. 

MacAfee,  J.  B.,  Result  of  further  legisla- 
tive regulation  of  electric  railways,  39; 
View  of  the  no-seat  no-fare  proposi- 
tion, 186. 


i 


398 


INDEX 


Macassey,  Lynden,  Transportation  facili- 
ties and  street  railway  traflfic  in  Lon- 
don, 120. 
McBride,  R.  S.,  see  Rosa,  E.  B. 
McClellan,  William,  Diverted  efforts  of 

commissions,  80,  165. 
McColl,  Donald,  Tramway  bookkeeping 

and  accounts,  182. 
McCulloch,    Richard,    Local    vs.    state 
regulation,  176;   Present  tendency  of 
regulation,  40,  150,  156. 
McFall,  R.  J.,  Railway  monopoly  and 

rate  regulation,  207,  295. 
McGrath,  D.  J.,  Actual  returns  in  the 
past,  67,  295;  Long  rides  for  a  nickel, 
40,  257;  Return  on  Massachusetts  in- 
vestment, 67,  295. 
Mack,  E.  S.,  Depreciation,  244;  Stand- 
ards for  rate  regulation  by  conmiission, 
219,  252. 
McKay,  E.  P.,  The  Oklahoma  conmiis- 
sion, 93, 167. 
McKerrow,  H.  G.,  Some  results  in  munic- 
ipal ownership  in  Great  Britain,  120, 
373-. 
McLain,  C.  A.,  Some  distinctions  be- 
tween the  legal  and  administrative 
phases  of  franchise  valuation,  232. 
McLain,  F.  D.,  Street  railways  of  Phila- 
delphia, 95,  143. 
MacLean,  A.,  Municipal  ownership  in 

Edmonton,  11,  365. 
McLean,    Charles,    Dubuque's    public 

ownership  predicament,  62,  350. 
McLean,    Geoi^ge,    Theory    of    public 

utility  franchises,  129. 
McLean,  S.  J.,  Railway  rate  regulation  in 
Canada,  iii;  State  regulation  of  rail- 
ways, 40,  156. 
McLaughlin,  A.  C,  and  Hart,  A.  B., 
Cyclopedia  of  American  government,  7. 
McLaughlin,  J.  J.,  New  Orieans,  64. 
McMath,  T.  B.,  Description  of  the  street 

railway  system,  61. 
MacPherson,  H.  H.,  Rates  and  the  use 

of  rates,  279,  285. 
MacRae,  T.  B.,  More  about  sinking 

fimds,  244. 
McReynolds,  T.  C,  State  supervision  of 

public  utilities,  60, 151, 161. 
Madison,  Wisconsin,  108,  265,  363. 
Madrid,  Spain,  126. 

Magiini,  Effren,  Milan  street  railways, 
^  "5,377. 
Magruder,  F.  A.,  Recent  administration 

in  Viiginia,  99,  168. 
Maguire  and  Mooney,  Compensation  for 

condenmation  of  property,  248. 
Mahin,  F.  W.,  Nottingham  municipal 
tramway,  120,  373. 


Ml 


Maltbie,  M.  R.,  Analysis  of  the  rapid 
transit  contracts  between  New  York 
and  the  Interborough,  84,  139;  Cen- 
tury of  franchise  history,   84,   139; 
Commissions   and    the   courts,    193: 
Distribution  of  functions  between  local 
and  state  regulation,  176;  Franchises 
of  electrical  corporations  in  New  York, 
140;    Fruits  of  public  regulation  in 
New  York,  80,  165,  186;  Gas  lighting 
in  Great  Britain,  120,  373;    Genend 
history  and  legislation:    British  elec- 
tricity supply  works,  120,  373,  British 
gas  works,  1 2 1 , 1 73 ;  British  tramways, 
121,  173;   Glasgow's  municipal  tram- 
ways,  121,  373;    Judicial  review  of 
regulati<5n,  193;  Municipal  functions, 
25;    Municipal  and  private  manage- 
ment  in    Great    Britain,    121,    373; 
Municipal    ownership,    314;     Proper 
treatment  of  appreciation  of  land,  233; 
Public  service  commissions,  40,  151, 
156,  176;  Public  service  corporations, 
14;  A  rapid  transit  policy  for  Greater 
New  York,  84,  140,  166;   Report  on 
the  indeterminate  franchise,  25,  132, 
145;  Street  railways  of  Chicago,  57; 
A  tale  of  two  cities:  water  supply  in 
London  and  Philadelphia,  121,  323, 
358;  Taxation  of  gas,  electric  supply 
and  tramway  undertakings  in  Great 
Britain,  121,  304;  Taxation  of  public 
service  corporations,  304;  Valuation 
and  future  of  public  utilities,  207. 
Manchester,  England,  120,  373,  375. 
Market  value,  see  Valuation,  theories 

and  methods. 
Marks,  W.  D.,  Capitalization,  assets,  and 
profits  of  Massachusetts  gas  com- 
panies, 67;  Cost  of  electricity,  67,  260, 
279;  Depreciation,  244;  Franchise 
value,  232;  Law  of  demand  for  elec- 
tricity, 71,  261;  London  sliding  scale, 
298;  Practical  rate  making  and  ap- 
praisement, 198,  229;  Price  of  elec- 
tricity, 67, 260, 279;  Quantity  rates  for 
electricity,  84,  263;  Recapitulation  of 
report  on  gas  rates  for  Spokane,  101, 
264;  Recapitulation  of  report  upon  the 
fair  price  of  magnetite  arc  lignts,  75, 
262. 
Marston,  A.,  Valuation  for  city  purchase 
of  the  Waterloo  waterworks,  62,  212, 
350. 
Marston,  Glenn,  Electric  rates  in  Seattle, 
100,  361;  Facts  on  municipal  owner- 
ship in  268  towns,  40,  341;  Failure  of 
mimicipal  plants  at  Eugene,  93,  358; 
Fallacies  of  municipal  owner^p,  40, 
33if  341;    Gas  rates  and  politics  in 


INDEX 


399 


Chicago,  57,  259;  Guarding  against 
municipal  plant  agitation,  331;  Hol- 
yoke*s  municipal  lighting  finances,  70, 
352;  Municipal  electric  competition, 
Burlington,  99, 360;  Municipal  owner- 
ship in  Burlington,  99,  361;  Municipal 
ownership  in  England,  121,  374;  Poor 
service  causes  municipal  ownership, 
331;  Seattle  municipal  electric  plant, 
100,  361;  Spokane  waterworks  heavy 
loser,  loi,  362;  200  municipal  owner- 
ship failures,  40,  341;  Vermont  public 
utilities  bill,  98,  168. 

Martin,  John,  Business  thrift  in  Ameri- 
can and  European  cities,  25, 323, 336. 

Martin,  T.  C,  Electric  lighting,  14;  Elec- 
tric railroads,  40;  Municipal  owner- 
ship always  a  failure,  331. 

Marwick,  Mitchell  &  Co.,  Financial  mat- 
ters: United  States  electricity  works, 
40, 342,  United  States  waterworks,  41, 

342. 
Maryland,  64,  260. 

Mason,  H.  G.,  see  Ivins,  W.  M. 

Massachusetts,  65  ff.,  137, 138,  162,  163, 
360,  261,  351,  352. 

Massachusetts  Legislature,  London  slid- 
ing scale  of  prices  and  dividends,  121, 
298. 

Mateer,  R.  B.,  Municipal  ownership,  314, 

323. 

Mathews,  G.  C,  Wisconsin  water  rates, 
105, 171,  265,  291. 

Mathewson,  C.  F.,  Holding  companies 
and  the  public  welfare,  308;  Some 
legal  aspects  of  regulation,  14. 

Matthews,  Nathan,  Administrative  pro- 
visions, 314;  Municipal  charters,  7; 
Relations  with  public  service  corpora- 
tions, 129;  Report  on  the  London 
sliding  scale,  122,  298. 

Matthews,  Nathan,  Jr.,  and  Thompson, 
W.  G.,  Public  service  company  rates 
and  the  fourteenth  amendment,  193. 

Maury,  D.  H.,  Engineering  matters: 
United  States  waterworks,  41,  342; 
Rates  for  water  service,  291. 

Mawdesley,  R.  T.,  Municipal  electricity 
supply  at  Johannesburg,  122,  374. 

May,  G.  O.,  Problems  of  depreciation, 

244. 

May,  M.  B.,  Cincinnati,  88. 

Mayer,  Joseph,  Just  value  of  monopolies 
and  the  regulation  of  their  prices,  295. 

Mayfield,  A.  U.,  Public  services  of  Den- 
ver, 51. 

Mayo,  E.  W.,  Omaha's  experience,  78, 

354- 
Mayors,  American,  conference  of,  4. 
Mead,  D.  W.,  Arbitration  or  appraisal. 


207;  Cost  of  furnishing  water  with 
reference  to  rates,  57,  259,  348. 

Mead,  E.  S.,  Financial  aspects  of  cor- 
poration franchises,  129;  Holding  com- 
panies, 308;  Public  service  conunission 
and  the  investor,  80,  165,  191;  State 
supervision  of  security  issues,  191. 

Medicine  Hat,  Canada,  iii,  364. 

Meigs,  R.  J.,  Cooperation  in  making  in- 
ventories, 222. 

Melling,  H.  T.,  Operating  costs  for 
municipal  gas-engine  plant,  112,  365. 

Merriam,  C.  E.,  Case  for  home  rule,  176. 

Metcalf ,  Leonard,  Depreciation  in  water- 
works operation,  244,  291;  Lessening 
cost  of  valuation,  219;  Private  fire 
protection  service  charges,  41,  257, 
29  2 ;  Public  utility  commissions  should 
regulate,  not  operate,  151;  W^ater- 
works  valuation  and  fair  rates,  18,  207, 
252. 

Metcalf,  Leonard,  and  Alvord,  J.  W., 
Going  value  of  waterworks,  229. 

Metcalf,  Leonard,  Kuichling,  E.,  and 
Hawley,  W.  C,  Some  considerations 
in  the  determination  of  a  reasonable 
return  for  fire  hydrant  service,  41,  257, 
292. 

Meter  rates,  see  Rate  schedules. 

Metz,  H.  A.,  Why  municipal  service  is 
expensive,  314. 

Meyer,  B.  H.,  Advantages  of  a  state 
commission,  151, 176;  Central  utilities 
commission  and  home  rule,  14,  176; 
State  supervision  of  electric  raflways 
in  Wisconsin,  105, 171, 186;  What  the 
Wisconsin  commission  has  done,  105, 
172;^  Wisconsin  public  utilities  com- 
mission, 105,  172;  Wisconsin  public 
utilities  law,  105,  172. 

Meyer,  H.  R.,  Great  Britain's  lesson, 
122, 331, 374;  Municipal  ownership  in 
Germany,  114,  376;  Municipal  owner- 
ship in  Great  Britain,  122, 374. 

Meyers,  Alvin,  Eugene  municipal  light 
and  water  plant,  93,  263,  358. 

Michaelis,  G.  V.  S.,  Is  municipal  owner- 
ship a  dream  ?  314. 

Michigan,  73,  73,  74,  138,  aia,  a6i,  35a, 

353,  354. 
Milan,  Italy,  125,  377. 

Miller,  A.  S.,  Gas  rates,  285;  Public  ser- 
vice commission,  14;  Regulation  and 
utility  financing,  295. 

Miller,  C.  B.,  Taxation  of  railroad  prop- 
erty, 304. 

Miller,  £.  T.,  Texas  stock  and  bond  law, 
191. 

Miller,  H.  C,  Applying  efficiency  stand- 
ards in  central  station  accounting,  182. 


400 


INDEX 


Miller,  J.  T.,  Fire  protection :  what  is  the 
proper  basis  for  charges,  292. 

Miller,  T.  D.,  Flat  rate  nuisance,  285. 

Miller,  W.  E.,  Ashland  water  rate  decision 
explained,  106, 172,  265,  295;  Charees 
for  public  water  service  to  private  fire 
protection  systems,  109,  265;  In- 
dividuality of  public  utilities,  106. 

Millis,  H.  A.,  Present  street  railway 
situation  in  Chicago,  58,  136. 

Milwaukee  Gas  Li^ht  Company,  Prices 
charged  for  gas  m  various  cities,  41, 
257. 

Milwaukee,  Wisconsm,  108,  109,  144, 
265,  363. 

Minimum  rates,  see  Rate  schedules. 

Minneapolis,  Minnesota,  75,  138,  262. 

Minnesota,  74,  75,  76,  138,  163,  262, 
354- 

Minnesota  Home  Rule  League,  Regula- 
tion of  public  utilities  in  Wisconsin, 
106, 172. 

Minshall,  T.  H.,  London's  electrical 
future,  122,  374. 

Missouri  76,  77,  139,  163,  213,  262,  354. 

Mohler,  C.  K.,  Public  utility  regulation 
by  Los  Angeles,  48,  159. 

Monroe,  R.  G.,  City  of  New  York,  84; 
Gas,  electric  light,  water  and  street 
railway  services  in  New  York  City,  85. 

Montgomery,  H.  E.,  Government  owner- 
ship unnecessary,  14,  304. 

Montony,  L.  G.,  Ninety-sixth  street 
power  station  of  the  Metropolitan 
street  railway  comp>any,  85. 

Moody's  Magazine,  Municipal  owner- 
ship and  operation:  symposium,  315. 

Mooney,  see  Maguire. 

Moore,  Charles,  Electric  lighting  in  De- 
troit, 41,  73,  261. 

Moore,  C.  E.,  Experience  with  a  munic- 
ipal gas  plant,  50,  315,  345. 

Moore,  L.  E.,  Cambridge  subway,  69. 

Morgan,  P.  W.,  Municipal  water  and 
light  plant  of  Kansas  City,  63,  350. 

Morgan,  W.  O.,  Indeterminate  permit  as 
a  satisfactory  franchise,  106,  144,  145. 

Morgan,  W.  S.,  see  PoUock,  H.  M. 

Morse,  J.  D.,  Valuation  by  approxima- 
tion, 222. 

Mortiiner,  J.  D.,  Is  regulation  by  com- 
mission a  permanent  part  of  our 
economic  scheme  ?  14;  Rate  of  re- 
turn necessary  to  attract  capital,  296; 
Rate  of  return  on  railway  capital,  296; 
Risk  as  an  element  of  the  rate  of  re- 
turn, 296;  Wisconsin  indeterminate 
permit  law,  106,  144,  145. 

Mott,  Basil,  and  Hay,  David,  Under- 
ground railways  in  Great  Britain,  122. 


MuUhall,  J.  F.  J.,  Experiences  on  the  ex- 
amination of  waterworks  accounts, 
182;  Quasi-public  corporation  account- 
ing and  management,  182;  Water- 
works accounting,  182. 
Munagle,  F.  J.,  Kansas  City  sctUement, 

76, 139. 
Municipal  Engineering,  Arguments  on 

mumcipal  ownership,  19. 
Municipal  Index,  19. 
Municipal  Ownership,  309  ff. 

General  works:  txx>lu,  309;  articles, 
311;  In  favor,  ^19;  Oppceed,  326. 

History:  Umted  Stotes  and  foreign, 
333;  United  Sutes  — general,  337; 
Alabama,  343;  California,  343;  Con- 
necticut, 34s;  Florida,  34s;  Georgia, 
346;  Idaho,  346;  Illinois,  346;  Indi- 
ana, 349;  Iowa,  349;  Kansas,  350; 
Kentucky,  350;  Louisiana,  350;  Mas- 
sachusetts, 351;  Michigan,  352;  Min- 
nesota, 354;  Missouri,  354;  Nebraska, 
354;  New  York,  355;  Ohio,  356; 
Oklahoma,  358;  Oregon,  358;  Penn- 
sylvania, 358;  South  Dakota,  360; 
Tennessee,  360;  Texas,  360;  Vermont, 
360;  Virginia,  361;  Washington,  361; 
West  Virginia,  362;  Wisconsin,  362; 
Austria,  363;  Belgium,  363;  Canada, 
363;  France,  365;  Germany,  366; 
Great  Britain,  367;  Italy,  377;  Japan, 
377;  Sweden,  377;  Switzerland,  377. 
Regulation  of  municipal  plants,  378. 

Municipal  plants,  regulaUon  of,  378. 

Munro,  W.  B.,  Bibliography  of  munic- 
ipal government,  19. 

Munson,  C.  LaR.,  Pennsylvania  public 
service  law,  93,  167;  Public  service 
company  law  of  Pennsylvania,  93, 167. 

Murphy,  T.  J.,  Franchise  grants  in  New 
York  City. 

Myers,  G.  L.,  Persoimel  of  public  service 
commissions,  151. 

Myers,  Gustavus,  History  of  public 
franchises  in  New  York  City,  85,  140. 


INDEX 


401 


Nash,  L.  R.,  CleveUnd  railway  situation, 

go,  142;  Commission  regulation  of 
usiness,  14;  Demand  electric  rates  as 
affected  by  commission  regulation, 
280;  Depreciation  reserves  as  affected 
by  property  growth,  244;  Develop- 
ment of  commission  regulation,  41, 
15.7;  Financial  problems  of  electric 
railways,  289;  Recent  developments 
in  regulation,  229;  Some  commercial 
consideration  in  rate  nuiking,  280; 
Valuation  of  public  service  properties, 
207. 

Nashville,  Tennessee,  97,  360. 


National  Association  of  Railway  Com- 
missioners, References  on  valuation,  19. 

National  Civic  Federation,  Commbsion 
regulation  of  public  utilities,  41,  157; 
Draft  bill  for  the  regulation  of  public 
utilities,  42,  151,  157;  Municipal  and 
private  operation  of  public  utilities, 
310;  Shall  the  Government  own  and 
operate  the  railroads,  the  telegraph 
and  telephone  systems  ?  Affirmative 
side,  323,  Negative  side,  331. 

National  Electric  Light  Association, 
Standard  classification  of  accounts, 
182. 

National  Municipal  Review,  19. 

Nau,  C.  H.,  Uniform  systems  of  accounts 
for  public  utilities,  182. 

Neal,  J.  H.,  Where  maintenance  ends  and 
depreciation  begins,  182,  244. 

Neale,  R.  E.,  Depreciation  in  engineering 
works,  245. 

Nebraska,  77,  78,  213,  354. 

Neeley,  F.  H.,  Depreciation  of  power 
plant  equipment,  245. 

Nethercut,  £.  S.,  Valuation  of  operating 
properties,  208. 

Newark,  Ohio,  92,  358. 

Newbigging,  William,  Kalamazoo  situa- 
tion, 74. 

Newbigging,  William,  and  Kiumpp,  J.  B., 
Engineering  matters:  British  gas 
works,  122,  374. 

Newcomb,  H.  T.,  Cleveland's  street 
railway  problems,  90,  357;  Con- 
stitutionality of  the  delegations  in  the 
interstate  commerce  law,  193;  Force 
and  effect  of  the  orders  of  the  inter- 
state commerce  commission,  193; 
Government  regulation  of  railway 
capitalization,  191. 

New  Jersey,  78,  163,  213. 

New  Orleans,  Louisiana,  63, 64,  260, 351. 

New  York,  78  ff.,  139,  140,  141,  163  ff., 
213,  262,  263,  355,  356. 

New  York,  New  York,  83  ff.,  139,  140, 
141,  163  ff.,  213,  263,  355,  356. 

New  York  Public  Library,  Mumcipal 
reference  notes,  19. 

New  Zealand,  see  Great  Britain. 

Nicholas,  Frederic,  Tendencies  in  central 
station  rate  making,  280. 

Nichols,  H.  P.,  Progress  in  methods  of 
granting  franchises  in  New  York  City, 
140. 

Non-physical  values,  su  Intangibles. 

Norman,  O.  E.,  Factors  involved  in 
establishing  service,  charge  and  rate  of 
return,  14. 

Norsa,  Renzo,  Diversity  factor  and  fixed 
charges,  280. 


North   Brookfield,    Massachusetts,    70, 

352- 
Norton,  W.  J.,  Approval  of  demand  rates 

by  commissions,  42,  157,  280;  Effects 
of  the  indeterminate  franchise,  42, 
145,  157;  Form  of  electric  rates,  280; 
Illinois  commission  law  and  municipal 
ownership  law,  54,  160,  347;  State 
regulation,  42,  151,  157;  Two  epochs 
of  rate  regulation,  151.  Su  also 
Cory,  C.  L. 

Norwich,  Coimecticut,  51,  345. 

Nottingham,  England,  120,  373. 

Nourse,  H.  O.,  Water  rates,  292. 

Nutting,  H.  G.  D.,  Accounting  system 
for  small  central  stations,  183;  De- 
preciation, 245;  Is  regulation  failing  ? 
42, 152,  157. 

O'Brien,  T.  D.,  Land  values  under  the 
Minnesota  rate  case,  233,  253. 

Obsolescence,  see  Depreciation. 

Ohio,  87  ff.,  141,  142,  143, 167,  213,  263, 
356,  357,  358. 

Oklahoma,  93,  167,  358. 

Omaha,  Nebraska,  77,  78,  354. 

Ontario,  Canada,  no,  266,  363,  364. 

Opelousas,  Louisiana,  64,  351. 

Oregon,  93,  214,  263,  358. 

Original  cost,  see  Valuation,  theories  and 
methods. 

Osaka,  Japan,  126,  377. 

Osborne,  R.  S.,  Public  service:  its  legal 
history,  26. 

Osborne,  T.  M.,  New  York  public  service 
commission,  81,  165;  Public  service 
commission  law  of  New  York,  81,  165; 
Public  utility  law  of  New  York,  81, 
165. 

Ossoski,  Sidney,  Basis  of  valuation  in 
case  of  municipal  purchase,  58, 90,  212, 
213;  Chicago  plan  of  street  railway 
supervision,  58,  136. 

Ost,  P.  J.,  Municipal  railways  of  San 
Francisco,  50,  344. 

Overhead  costs,  see  Intangibles. 

Owen,  Mark,  Public  ownership  and  in- 
crease of  taxation  in  Great  Britain, 
122,  374;  Why  municipal  ownership 
cannot  be  financially  profitable,  331. 

Paine,  F.  B.  H.,  Preliminary  and  indirect 

costs,  229. 
Palmer,  Ray,  Municipal  lighting  rates, 

58,  259,  280;  Street  lighting  rates  and 

cost  factors,  58,  259,  280. 
Palo  Alto,  California,  48,  343. 
Paris,  France,  112, 113, 144, 365. 
Parker,  A.  M.,  First  municipal  street 

railway  in  America,  100,  362. 


402 


INDEX 


Parker,  F.  W.,  Municipal  ownership  and 
graft,  324. 

Parsons,  Frank,  British  tramways,  123, 
375;  British  tramway  history,  123, 
375;  City  ownership  and  operation  of 
street  railways,  324;  Glasgow's  great 
record,  123,  375;  Legal  aspects  of 
monopoly,  15,  315;  Mr.  McKerrow's 
argument  against  municipal  owner- 
ship, 123,  375;  Municipal  operation 
w.  private  operation,  315;  Public  inter- 
est demands  public  ownership,  324; 
Public  ownership,  42,  324;  Public 
ownership  and  low  rates,  324. 

Parsons,  Frank,  and  Roberts,  F.  H.  H., 
Municipal   ownership   debated,   324, 

331- 
Parsons,  W.  B.,  Undergroimd  railways  in 

the  United  States,  42. 
Pasadena,  California,  49,  258,  344. 
Patterson,  A.  R.,  Organization  of  the 

accounting  department  of  an  electric 

railway  and  light  company,  183. 
Patton,  James,  see  Bell,  Sir  James. 
Patton,  W.  A.,  At  what  rate  can  water 

be  profitably  sold,  42,  258,  292. 
Paxton,  E.  T.,  Public  service  rates  in 

Texas  cities,  98,  264. 
Pearson,  George,  Municipal  trading,  123, 

315,375. 
Pence,  W.  D.,  Certain  provisions  of  the 

public  utilities  law  of  Wisconsin,  173; 
Functions  of  a  technical  staff  in  regu- 
lation, X06,  172,  186,  214,  215,  222; 
Methods  of  regulating  public  utilities, 
173;  Some  features  of  state  regulation, 
173;  Valuation  and  inspection  work  of 
the  Wisconsin  tax  and  railroad  com- 
missions, 106, 172, 187,  215,  223;  Val- 
uation by  Wisconsin  state  engineers, 
io7>  173,  215,  223;  Wisconsin  service 
inspection  and  improvement,  107, 173, 
187,  223;  Work  of  the  joint  engineer- 
ing Stan  of  the  Wisconsin  tax  and  rail- 
road commissions,  107,  173,  187,  215, 
223. 
Pennsylvania,  93  ff.,  143,  167,  168,  263, 

358,  359,  360. 
Peoria,  Illinois,  59,  348. 

Perkins,  F.  C,  Municipal  electric  rail- 
ways at  Wellington,  123,  375. 

Permit,  indeterminate,  see  Length  of 
term,  franchise. 

Perrine,  F.  A.  C,  Validity  of  electric 
light  comparisons,  316. 

Perry,  F.  B.,  Method  for  determining 
rates  and  prices  for  electric  power, 
280. 

Perry,  H.  S.,  City  that  sold  its  water- 
works, 59,  348. 


Peters,  J.  W.  S.,  Kansas  City  franchise 
fight,  76,  139;  Suggested  sliding  scale 
of  dividends  for  street  railways,  129, 
299.    See  also  Wilcox,  D.  F. 

Peters,  J.  W.  S.,  and  Wilcox,  D.  F.,  Out- 
line of  a  model  street  railway  franchise, 
129. 

Pfeiffer,  A.  J.  J.,  Tramway  depreciation, 

245- 

Phelps,  C.  E.,  Jr.,  see  Stebbins,  Theodore. 

Phelps,  L.  F.,  Municipal  lighting  plant 
operated  by  oil  engine,  82,  355. 

Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania,  94,  95,  96, 
143,  a63,  358,  359,  360. 

Physical  valuation,  see  Valuation. 

Pierce,  A.  L.,  Municipal  lighting  in  Wal- 
lingford,  51,  345. 

Pigou,  A.  C,  see  Taussig,  F.  W. 

Pike,  C.  W.,  Service  standards  prescribed 
by  commissions,  43,  157,  187. 

Pillsbury,  C.  L.,  Making  and  mainte- 
nance  of  priced  inventories,  223. 

Pinanski,  A.  E.,  Street  railway  system  of 
metropolitan  Boston,  69,  138. 

Pittsburgh,  Pennsylvania,  96. 

Platteville,  Wisconsin,  109,  265. 

Plattner,  William,  Spencer's  modem 
street  lighting  contract,  71,  261. 

Plehn,  C.  C.,  Suggestion  for  a  measure  of 
the  burden  of  taxation  on  street  rail- 
ways, 304;  Taxation  of  franchises  in 
California,  47,  134,  304;  Taxation  of 

Sublic  service  corporations,  304. 
ikov,  W.  N.,  Cost  of  electricity,  280. 

Pollock,  H.  M.,  Public  service  commis- 
sions of  the  state  of  New  York,  81,152, 
165. 

Pollock,  H.  M.,  and  Morgan,  W.  S.,  Con- 
trol of  municipal  public  service  cor- 
porations, 15,  375. 

Pomerene,  W.  R.,  Observations  on  tram- 
ways in  Great  Britain,  375. 

Pomeroy,  L.  R.,  Depreciation  or  valua- 
tion of  properties,  245. 

Pond,  O.  L.,  Methods  of  judicial  review, 
193;  Taxation  of  corporations,  305. 

Pool,  L.  A.,  Municipal  lighting  plant  of 
Troy,  92,  358. 

Pope,  Herbert,  Municipal  contracts  and 
regulation  of  rates,  130, 194. 

Porter,  R.  P.,  Dangers  of  municipal 
ownership,  123,  332,  375;  Dangers  of 
municipal  trading,  123,  3^2,  375: 
European  and  American  methods  and 
results  comfiared,  26,  332,  376;  Fail- 
ure of  municipal  ownership  in  England, 
123,  376;  Municipal  traaing,  26,  332, 
336. 

Post,  L.  F.,  Political  principle  of  public 
ownership,  3x6. 


INDEX 


403 


Potter,  Alexander,  Important  water- 
works rate  and  appraisal  investigation, 
98,  214;  Obligation  of  the  state  to  the 
municipality,  177* 

Potts,  A.  F.,  Successful  substitute  for 
municipal  ownership,  324. 

Potts,  C.  S.,  Texas  stock  and  bond  law, 
98, 191. 

Powell,  F.  W.,  Two  experiments  in  pubhc 
ownership  of  steam  railroads,  70,  87, 

352,356.  . 

Power  rates,  see  Electric  rates. 

Powers,  L.  G.,  Governmental  regulation 
of  accounting  procedure,  183. 

Present  value,  see  Valuation,  theones 
and  methods. 

Priest,  G.  H.,  Some  notes  on  the  valua- 
tion of  mains  and  services,  223. 

Priestly,  C.  H.,  Municipal  ownership  of 
water  undertakings,  324. 

Pritchard,  C.  F.,  see  Adams,  A.  D. 

Prosser,  R.  W.,  Depreciation  in  gas 
plants,  245.  . 

Prouty,  C.  A.,  Court  protection  unsafe, 
152,  194;  Meaning  of  the  constitu- 
tional protection  in  valuation,   194, 

253. 

Providence,  Rhode  Island,  97. 

Public  Service  Commissions,  i47ff. 
General  works,  147. 
History:  commissions  in  general, 
153;  California,  158;  Colorado,  160; 
Illinois,  160;  Indiana,  161;  Iowa,  161; 
Massachusetts,  162;  Minnesota,  163; 
Missouri,  163;  New  Jersey,  163;  New 
York,  163;  Ohio,  167;  Oklahoma,  167; 
Pennsylvania,  167;  Texas,  168;  Ver- 
mont, 168;  Virginia,  168;  Washing- 
ton, 168;  West  Viiginia,  168;  Wis- 
consin, 169. 

State  vs.  local  regulation,  174;  Uni- 
form accounting,  178;  Service  regu- 
lation, 184;  Control  of  capitalization, 

189. 

Judicial  review  of  regulation:  gen- 
eral works,  192,  history,  194. 

Public  Service  Publishing  Company, 
Complete  reports  on  muniapally 
owned  plants  m  Ohio,  87,  356. 

Purchase,  Value  for,  see  Condemnation 
and  purchase. 


Qualifications  of  commissioners,  see 
Public  service  commissions:  General 
works. 

Quebec,  Canada,  no,  144. 

Quitman,  Georgia,  53,  346. 

RadclifiF,  C.  A.,  PubUc  utiUty  act  of  Ohio, 
87, 167. 


Railroad  commissions,  see  Public  service 
commissions. 

Randolph,  C.  F.,  Municipal  ownership 
of  public  utilities,  316. 

Randolph,  L.  S.,  Ethics  of  allowance  for 
depreciation,  245,  270. 

Rate  level,  see  Rate  schedules. 

Rate  of  return,  293  ff. 

Rate  Research,  270. 

Rates,  25s  flf.  ,   , 

History:  United  States  and  for- 
eign, 255;  United  States  —  general, 
255;  California,  258;  Georgia,  259; 
Idaho,  259;  Illinois,  259;  Iowa,  260; 
Louisiana,  260;  Maryland,  260;  Mas- 
sachusetts, 260;  Michigan,  261;  Min- 
nesota, 262;  Missouri,  262;  New 
York,  262;  Ohio,  263;  Oregon,  263; 
Pennsylvania,  263;  Texas,  264;  Ver- 
mont, 264;  Washington,  264;  Wis- 
consm,  264;  Canada,  266;  France, 
266;  Germany,  266;  Great  Britain, 
266;  Italy,  267. 

Rate  schedules:  General  works,  267, 
electric,  271,  gas,  284,  traction,  286, 
water,  290. 
Rate  of  return,  293;   The  sliding 

scale,  297. 
Rate  schedules,  267  ff. 

General  works,  267;  electric,  271; 

gas,  284;  traction,  286;  water,  290. 
Rate  theories,  see  Rate  schedules. 
Raymond,  W.  G.,  Rate  making  for  public 

utilities,  270;    Suggestions   for   rate 

making,  270. 
Reader's  Guide  to  Periodical  Literature, 

19. 
Reed,  W.  E.,  Cost  of  arc  lightmg,  281. 
Regina,  Canada,  in,  364. 
Regulation,  history  of,  see  History  of 

public  utilities  and  of  regulation. 
Regulation  of  municipal  plants,  378. 
Reid,  C.  S.,  Theories  of  electric  current 

rate  schedules,  281. 
Renner,  C.  J.,  Experience  with  water 

meters  and  water  rates,  99,  264,  361. 
Reproduction  cost,  see  Valuation,  the- 
ories and  methods. 
Return,  rate  of,  293  ff. 
Rex,  Frederick,  Chicago,  58. 
Reynolds,  J.  B.,  Civic  bibliography  for 

greater  New  York,  19. 
Rhode  Island,  97. 
Rice,  Frederick,  Jr.,  Are  pubhc  service 

charges  too  low  ?  270. 
Richards,  J.  L.,  Boston  consolidated  gas 

company,  69,  261;  History  of  the  gas 

industry  of  Boston,  69. 
Richards,  R.  H.,  Tacoma's  NisquaUy 

River  development,  loi,  362. 


404 


INDEX 


Richards,  W.  H.,  Meter  rates,  292. 
Richardson,  A.  C,  Buflfalo,  82. 
Richey,  A.  S.,  Cost  of  rush-hour  service. 
289.  ' 

Richmond,  Vir^ginia,  99,  361. 

^ckards,  A.  E.,  Purchased  power,  270. 

Kider,  J.  H.,  Charges  for  supply  from 
combmed  Ughting  and  traction  sta- 
tions, 123,  267,  281,  289. 

Rifenbenck,  R.  B.,  Something  along  the 
Ime  of  physical  and  intangible  valua- 
tion, 208,  245. 

Riggs,  H.  E.,  Valuation  of  public  ser- 
vice corporation  property,  43,  208. 
211,  223. 

Ringe,  H.  R.,  Philadelphia,  95. 

Rinthff,  G.  L.,  Springfield's  street  rail- 
way franchise,  92,  143. 

Ripley,  W.  Z.,  CapitalizaUon  of  pubUc 
service  corporations,  67,  191;  Deter- 
mination of  reasonable  rates,  195;  In- 
vestor's interest  in  valuations,  208; 
Physical  valuation  of  railroads,  43 
208,  211;  Physical  valuation:  rea- 
sonable rates,  43,  208,  211;  PubUc 
regulation  of  railroad  issues,  191 ;  State 
regulation  of  security  issues,  191. 

Riverside,  California,  49,  344. 

Robb,  Russell,  A  problem  in  the  making 
of  rates,  245. 

Robbins,  Hayes,  Philadelphia  and  its  gas 
works,  95,  359;  Public  ownership  w. 
public  control,  26,  336. 

Roberts,  F.  H.  H.,  see  Parsons,  Frank. 

Roberts,  J.  L.,  Charges  for  electrical 
energy,  281. 

Roberts,  W.  H.,  An  auxiliary  hydro- 
power  plant,  88. 

Robinson,  Clifton,  Tramways  of  the 
world,  26. 

Robinson,  M.  H.,  The  pubUc  utiUties 
commission,  54, 160. 

Robinson,  S.  C,  What  would  be  a  proper 
charge  under  these  conditions  ?  112 
266. 

Robson,  H.  A.,  Municipal  utiliti'es'  ac- 
counting, 183. 

Rochester,  New  York,  86,  356. 

Roemer,  J.  H.,  Causes  and  effects  of  a 
commission,  107,  187;  Certain  impor- 
tant provisions  of  the  public  utilities 
law  of  Wisconsin,  107,  152;  Com- 
mission control  of  public  utilities,  15; 
Methods  of  regulating  utilities,  107: 
Municipal  regulation  of  utilities,  177; 
Regulation  of  public  utilities,  15;  Some 
features  of  state  regulation,  7.  107- 
UtiUty  home  rule,  17?.  '  ^'      ^' 

R<^rs,  J.  I.,  Municipal  gas  in  Phila- 
delphia, 95,  359. 


Rogers,  W.  O.,  DanviUe  municipal  light- 

^  mg,  99,  361. 

Rosa,  E.  B.,  Function  of  research  m  regu- 
lation, 187;  Government's  part  in 
regulation,  187;  Legal  specifications 
for  illuminating  gas,  187;  Research  in 
the  regulation  of  natural  monopolies, 
loo. 

Rosa,  E.  B.,  and  McBride,  R.  S.,  Stond- 

ards  for  gas  service,  188. 
Rosarnond,  S.  J.,  What  would  be  a  fair 

basis  for  fixing  water  rates,  43,  258, 

292. 

Rosecrantz,  C.  M.,  Other  elements  of 
value,  229,  248,  253;  Some  limitations 
and  objections  to  municipal  ownership, 
332. 
Rosewater,  Victor,  The  case  for  munic- 
ipal ownership  of  electric  lighting,  325; 
Municipal  ownership  of  electric  light- 
ing,  43,  342. 

R<»s,  J.  D.,  Municipal  lighting  plant  at 
Seattie,  100,  362;  Seattic  municipal 
light  and  power  plant,  100,  264,  362. 

Kowe,  L.  S.,  Fundamental  principles  in- 
volved in  municipal  ownership,  316; 
Municipality  and  the  gas  supplv,  95, 
3.59;  Municipal  ownership  and  opera- 
tion: the  value  of  foreign  experience, 
"4,  316,  325,  367;  Possibihties  and 
limitations  of  municipal  control,  152, 
305;  Problems  of  city  government,  7; 
Relation  of  the  dty  to  public  utilities, 

^  IS,  26, 130, 146,  336. 

Royce,  F.  P.,  The  business  of  local  public 
service  companies,  15;  Commission 
control  of  public  service  corporations, 
15;  ,  Going  concern  value  m  public 
service  corporations,  230;  Present 
day  regulation,  15;  Valuation:  a  fair 
return  and  reasonable  capitalization. 
208. 

Royse,  C.  A.,  WUl  pubUc  ownership  in- 
crease or  diminish  political  corruption, 

„  "4,  325,  ^76. 

Royse,  Darnel,  Depreciation  in  electric 
railway  accountiiig,  245. 

Russell,  S.  A.,  Electric  power  supply 
tariffs,  281.  ^  ^^^ 

Ryan,  W.  T.,  Systems  of  charging  for 
electrical  energy,  281. 


St.  Albans,  Vermont,  99,  264,  361. 

bt.  Louis,  Missouri,  77, 163, 262, 354. 

bt.  Paul,  Mmnesota,  76,  262. 

Saliers,  E.  A.,  Caring  for  deprecia- 
tion, 254;  Depreciation  in  theory  and 
practice,  245;  Depreciation  in  valua- 
tions, 246;  Principles  of  depreciation. 
246. 


INDEX 


40s 


Salmon,  C.  B.,  Wisconsin  public  utility 
'law,  107, 173. 

San  Antonio,  Texas,  98,  214. 

San  Francisco,  California,  49,  50,  134, 
212,  344,  345. 

Santa  Clara,  California,  50,  345. 

Sara,  R.  A.,  Another  municipal  plant 
supplying  current  at  three  cents,  112, 
266,  365. 

Saskatoon,  Canada,  in,  364. 

Schaff,  Morris,  Capitalization  of  earn- 
ings, 191. 

Scharff,  M.  R.,  Low  rates  to  large  users, 
281.    iSee  a/50  Knowles,  Morris. 

Schedules,  rate,  see  Rate  schedules. 

Scholefield,  J.  B.,  Engineering  and  ac- 
counting, 183. 

Schrieber,  Martin,  The  accuracy  of  ap- 
praisals, 223. 

Scnussler,  Hermann,  San  Francisco's 
water  supply,  50. 

Scobell,  E.  C.,  Variations  in  public  ser- 
vice systems  of  accounting,  43,  157, 
183. 

ScoUand,  see  Great  Britain. 

Scovell,  C.  H.,  Report  on  the  commis- 
sions in  Massachusetts,  67,  162. 

Seabrook,  A.  H.,  An  English  central  sta- 
tion rate  system,  124,  267,  281. 

Seabury,  Samuel,  Municipal  ownership 
and  operation  in  New  York  City,  85, 

355- 

Sealy,  Robert,  Accounting  treatment  of 
depreciation,  246. 

Seattle,  Washington,  100,  264,  361,  362. 

Securities  issues,  regulation  of,  see  Capi- 
talization, control  of. 

Seely,  C.  T.,  Collection  of  fares  under  a 
zone  system,  289. 

Selignian,  E.  R.  A.,  Taxation  of  fran- 
cmse  values,  305. 

Sells,  E.  W.,  Corporate  management 
compared  with  government  control, 

332. 
Semenza,  Guido,  Methods  of  charging  for 

electric  motive  power,  126,  267,  281. 

Seng,  A.  W.,  Selling  water  at  a  profit,  63, 

350- 

Service  inspection,  see  Service  regula- 
tion. 

Service  regulation,  184  ff. 

Shaad,  G.  C,  Determination  of  depre- 
ciation, 246;  Intangible  values  and 
their  relation  to  valuation,  230. 

Shariman,  I.  L.,  Commission  regulation 
of  public  utilities,  43, 158;  Problem  of 
regulation,  16;  Railway  regulation,  8; 
Regulation  by  the  States,  44,  158; 
Regulation  of  railway  rates,  195,  208, 

253- 


Sharp,  E.  E.,  Equity  vs.  expediency,  281. 

Shaw,  G.  B.,  The  common  sense  of 
municipal  trading,  325. 

Shaw,  W.  A.,  Development  and  impor- 
tance of  an  engineering  department, 
x88. 

Shawfield,  C.  E.  C,  Cheap  power  supply 
by  municipalities,  282. 

Sheffield,  England,  117,  120,  370,  373. 

Sheldon,  P.  H.,  Controversy  over  elec- 
tric rates  in  Houston,  98,  264. 

Shepard,  E.  M.,  City  owning  and  leasing, 
316,  325. 

Shepardson,  G.  D.,  Why  some  municipal 
electric  plants  do  not  pay  better,  316. 

Sherman,  S.  A.,  Providence,  97. 

Shibley,  G.  H.,  Referendum  and  initia- 
tive in  relation  to  municipal  ownership, 

317,325- 
Shields,  R.  H.,  Railroad  taxation  prob- 
lems, 71,  305;  Taxation  of  corporate 
property  of  Michigan  railroads,  71, 

305- 
Shortt,  Adam,  Taxation  of  public  service 

corporations,  305. 
Shuster,  T.  W.,  Rates  and  methods  of 

charging,  282. 
Sidlo,  T.  L.,  Cleveland  invalidity  clause, 

90,    142;     Consolidation    of    public 

utilities  in  Ohio,  88. 
Siefert,  C.  A.,  Uniform  classification,  108, 

174, 183- 

Sikes,  G.  C,  Chicago's  struggle  for  free- 
dom from  traction  rule,  58,  136; 
Question  of  franchises,  146;  Relation 
of  Chicago  to  public  service  corpora- 
tions, 58. 

Silcock,  E.  J.,  Valuation  of  waterworks 
undertakings,  209,  248. 

Simmons,  F.  G.,  Private  vs.  municipal 
ownership,  332. 

Simpson,  J.,  Municipal  powers  re-light- 
ing plants,  317. 

Sinclair,  Alexander,  Load  factor,  282. 

Sines,  H.  S.,  Effect  of  central  station 
rates  on  new  business,  282. 

Sinsheimer,  P.  A.,  Regulation  of  securi- 
ties, 192;  Ten  rules  for  service,  16,  47, 
159, 188. 

Skip-stop,  see  Service  regulation. 

Slavin,  Matthew,  Municipal  electricity 
in  Pasadena,  49,  344. 

Sliding  Scale,  118, 121, 122, 125, 397,  298, 
299. 

Sloan,  H.  M.,  Municipal  ownership  and 
operation  of  street  railways,  332. 

Smalley,  H.  S.,  Railroad  rate  control, 
194. 

Smith,  C.  A.,  Depreciation  and  sinking 
fund,  246. 


406 


INDEX 


Simth,  E.  B.,  Street  raUway  legislation  in 

mnois,  54. 
Smith,  J.  A.,  Effect  of  state  regulation 

upon  municipal  home  rule,  177,  378; 

Mumapal  vs.  state  control,  100,  168. 

177;  Seattle,  100. 
Smith,  J.  E.,  Experiments  at  Springfield. 

59, 348. 
Smithson,  R.  A.,  Municipal  operation  of 

tramways,  124,  376. 
Smucker,  L.  L.,  Topeka's  unsuccessful 

lighting  plant,  63,  350. 
bneU,  J.  F.  C,  Cost  of  electrical  power 

for mdustrialpurposes,  282. 
Snider,  G.  E.,  Taxation  of  the  gross  re- 
ceipts of  railways  in  Wisconsin,  108. 

305. 
Soreng,  E.  M.,  Cost  figures  for  Brook- 

mgs,  97,  360. 

South  Norwalk,  Connecticut,  51,  34s. 

Spain,  126. 

Special  IJbraries,  19. 

Speirs,  F.  W.,  Philadelphia  gas  lease,  95, 

359;  Regulation  of  cost  and  quality  of 

service,  16;   Street  railway  system  of 

Philadelphia,  96,  359. 
bpencer,  A.  W.,  Prevention  of  stock 

watenng,    44,    192;     Should    public 

franchises    be    treated    as    corporate 

property  ?  130. 
Spencer,  C.  J.,  Determination  of  central 

station  rates,  282. 
Spencer,  Massachusetts,  71,  261. 
Spohrer,  H.  H.,  Electric  rates,  77,  262, 

282. 

Spokane,  Washington,  loi,  264,  362. 
Sprague,  F.  J.,  Growth  of  electric  rail- 
ways, 26. 

Springbom,  W.  J.,  Municipal  electric 
bghtmg  plants  for  Cleveland,  91,  357; 
Municipal  ownership  of  water  plants, 

^91,357. 

Springfield,  Dlinois,  59,  348. 

oprrngbeld,  Ohio,  92,  143. 

Staley,  D.  H.,  Colorado  in  litigation,  51 
160.  * 

Standrod,  D.  W.,  A  utility  commissioner's 
view  of  municipal  ownership,  332. 

State  vs.  local  regulation,  i74flf. 

Steams,  F.  P.,  Depreciation  defined, 
246. 

Steams,  R.  B.,  Milwaukee  fare  case,  265; 
Zone  system  of  fares  in  practice,  100. 
265,289.  ^' 

Stebbins,  Theodore,  Intemrban  railway 

fares,  289. 
Stebbins,    Theodore,    and    Phelps,    C. 

E.,  Jr.,  Engineering  matters:    U.  S. 

electndty  works,  44,  342. 
Step  rates,  see  Rate  schedules. 


Sterrett,  J.  E.,  Comparative  yield  on 
trade  and  public  service  investment. 
296.  ^ 

Stevens,  F.  E.,  Qeveland,  91. 

Stevens,  F.  W.,  Accounting  in  public  ser- 
vice regulation,  183;  Discussion  of 
pnnciples  in  valuing  land,  234: 
Mooted  principles  in  valuation,  209 

253;  Valuation  of  right  of  way,  234.    * 
Stockholm,  Sweden,  126,  377. 

Stone  &  Webster  Library,  Current  litera- 
ture references,  20. 

Storer,  S.  B.,  Relation  of  load  factor  to 
valuation  of  hydroelectric  plants,  230; 
Sale  and  measurement  of  electric 
power,  282. 

Stowe,  L.  B.,  Public  service  companies 
and  the  people,  81,  165. 

Strait,  E.  N.,  Wisconsin  commission 
method  of  rate  making,  108,  174,  270. 

Stratton,  I.  W.,  State  and  local  regula- 
tion  in  Pennsylvania,  94,  167, 177. 

Street  car  fares,  see  Fares,  street  car. 

Sullivan,  J.  W.,  City  transit  systems, 
li^'* .  J^^  J*bor  report,  26,  337; 
Mumapal  and  private  operation  of 
pubUc  utilities,  27,  337;  Municipali- 
zation or  a  just  regulation,  333.  See  , 
also  Commons,  J.  R. 

SuUivan,  J.  W.,  and  Commons,  J.  R., 
Labor  and  politics:  U.  S.  Waterworks, 

^  44,  342. 

Sutton,  W.  E.,  Ownership  in  a  small  com- 
munity,  61,  349. 

Sweden,  126,377. 

Switzerland,  126,  377. 

Swoboda,  H.  V.,  An  analysis  of  electric 

cooking,  282. 
Sylvan  Grove,  Kansas,  63,  350. 
Syracuse,  New  York,  87,  356. 


INDEX 


407 


Tacoma,  Washington,  101,  362. 

Tait,  Fred,  see  Bowden,  J.  H. 

Tarentum,  Pennsylvania,  96,  360. 

Taunton,  Massachusetts,  71,  352. 

Taussig,  F.  W.,  Contribution  to  the 
theory  of  railway  rates,  270;  Public 
ownership  and  public  control,  16,  317; 
Railway  rates  and  joint  cost  once 
more,  271. 

Taussig,  F.  W.,  and  Pigou,  A.  C,  Rail- 
way rates  and  joint  cost,  271. 

Tawney,  R.  H.,  Municipal  enterprise  in 
Germany,  114,  367. 

Taxation,  300  flf. 

Taylor,  A.  M.,  Philadelphia's  transit 
problem,  95;  Solution  of  a  city's  tran- 
sit problem,  96. 

Taylor,  Benjamin,  Municipal  Glasgow, 
'24,   376;    Municipal  ownership  of 


\ 


tramways  in  the  United  Kingdom,  1 24, 
576. 

Teichmann,  Max,  Depreciation,  246. 

Tendencies  in  valuation,  249  ff. 

Tener,  J.  K.,  Need  for  a  public  utilities 
bill  in  Pennsylvania,  94, 167. 

Tennessee,  97,  360. 

Term,  length  of,  franchise,  144  ff. 

Terrell,  Texas,  98,  360. 

Texas,  97,  98, 168,  214,  264,  360. 

Thelen,  Max,  A  California  problem,  47, 
159,  177;  California's  new  law,  48, 
159;  Public  utility  regulation  in  Cali- 
fornia, 48, 159;  Report  on  leading  rail- 
road and  public  service  commissions, 
44, 158. 

Thomas,  J.  J.,  Depreciation  and  valua- 
tion, 209,  246. 

Thomas,  P.  H.,  Rate  making  for  public 
utilities,  253. 

Thompson,  C.  D.,  Municipal  ownership, 

325. 

Thompson,  H.  A.,  Galena's  experience 
with  ownership,  59,  348. 

Thompson,  R.  A.,  Method  used  by  the 
railroad  commission  of  Texas  in  valu- 
ing railroads,  98, 192,  214,  223. 

Thompson,  W.  G.,  see  Matthews,  Na- 
than, Jr. 

Thome,  Clifford,  Going  value  as  an  ele- 
ment of  fair  value,  230,  253. 

Thurber,  T.  B.,  Some  arguments  against 
municipal  ownership,  333. 

Tiedeman,  C.  G.,  Government  ownership 
of  public  utilities,  317. 

Tighe,  J.  L.,  Municipal  water  supply 
revenue,  317;  Water  consumption, 
waste  and  meter  rates,  70,  261. 

Tmgley,  C.  L.  S.,  Present  tendency  of 
public  utility  laws  and  regulations,  44, 
54, 158, 160. 

Tingley,  R.  H.,  Overhead  chaiges  in 
valuation,  230. 

Tokio,  Japan,  126. 

Toledo,  Ohio,  92,  263. 

Tohnan,  E.  B.,  Chioigo's  traction  ques- 
tion, 58, 136. 

Tomkms,  Calvin,  Municipal  ownership,  a 
business  problem,  317. 

Topeka,  Kansas,  63,  350. 

Toppin,  W.  A.,  Present  tendency  of 
charging  for  electricity,  124,  267; 
Sui^ly  by  meter  or  contract,  282; 
Systems  of  charging  for  electricity 
supply,  283. 

Toronto,  Canada,  xio,  iii,  112,  zas, 
»W,  363,  365. 

Towler,  W.  G.,  Socialism  in  local  govem- 
ment,  124, 333,  376. 

Traction  fares,  286  ff. 


Transvaal,  122,  374. 

Trinkle,  W.  N.,  Public  service  company 
law  of  Pennsylvania,  94, 167. 

Tripp,  G.  E.,  Taxes  and  licenses,  305. 

Troy,  New  York,  87,  356. 

Troy,  Ohio,  92, 358. 

Tsukmnoto,  C.,  Hydroelectric  power 
from  snow  clad  Fujiyama,  126. 

Turner,  E.  H.,  see  James,  R.  C. 

Turner,  E.  H.,  and  James,  R.  C,  Finan- 
cial matters:  British  gas  works,  124, 
376,  British  tramways,  124,  376. 

Tweedy,  E.  F.,  Central  stations'  load 
factors,  283. 

Tyng,  L.  H.,  Private  vs.  public  operation 
of  gas  companies,  333. 

Uniform  accounting,  see  Accounting, 
uniform. 

United  Kingdom,  see  Great  Britain. 

United  States,  aSff.,  132,  133,  134, 
I53ff.,  an,  212,  255  ff.,  337  ff. 

Umted  States  and  foreign,  22  ff.,  132, 
255, 333 ff. 

U.  S.  Bureau  of  the  Census,  Central 
light  and  power  stations,  44,  45, 133; 
Street  and  electric  railways,  27,  45, 

,^  133,  258,  305,  342. 

U.  S.  Bureau  of  Standards,  Standaiti 
methodsofgas  testing,  188;  Standard 
regulations  for  manufactured  gas,  45, 
188;  Standards  for  electric  service,  45, 
188;  Standards  for  gas  service,  45, 
188;  State  and  municipal  regulations 
for  illuminating  gas,  45,  189. 

U.  S.  Interstate  Commerce  Commission, 
Railways  in  the  United  States  in  1902, 
45, 158,  306. 

U.  S.  Library  of  Congress,  List  of 
bibliographies  on  regulation,  20;  List 
of  books  relating  to  railroads,  20; 
list  of  recent  references  on  public  ser- 
vice rates,  20;  List  of  references  on 
inunicipal  ownership,  20;  Monthly 
list  of  state  publications,  20;  Select 
list  of  books  on  municipal  affairs,  20, 
on  railroads  in  foreign  countries,  20; 
Select  list  of  references  on  municipal 
franchises,  20,  on  municipal  ownership 
20,  on  public  service  commissions,  20, 
on  public  service  rates,  21,  on  the 
valuation  and  capitalization  of  rail- 
rcMids,  21. 

Utilities  Magazine,  Proceedings  of  the 
conference  on  valuation,  198. 

Vail,  T.  N.,  PubUc  utiUties  and  public 
policy,  152;  State  control  of  public 
utility  companies,  152;  Wages  subject 
for  r^ulation,  152. 


4o8 


INDEX 


INDEX 


409 


■  4 


Valon,   Arthur,   The   rating   of   water 

undertakings,  306. 
Valuation,  196  ff. 

General  works:  books,  196,  articles, 

30I. 

History:  United  States  —  general, 
211;  California,  212;  Illinois,  212; 
Iowa,  212;  Michigan,  212;  Missouri, 
213;  Nebraska,  213;  New  Jersey,  213; 
New  York,  213;  Ohio,  213;  Oregon, 
214;  Texas,  214;  Washington,  214; 
Wisconsin,  214. 

Theories  and  methods,  215;  In- 
ventories, 220;  Intangibles,  224; 
Franchise  value,  231;  Land  value, 
^^Z'y  Depreciation,  234;  Condemna- 
tion and  purchase,  248;  Court  and 
commission  attitude,  249. 

Van  Auken,  C.  L.,  Making  a  valuation  of 
laige  terminals,  224. 

Van  Metre,  T.  W.,  see  Johnson,  E.  R. 

Vermont,  98,  99, 168,  264,  360,  361. 

Vesey-Brown,  C.  S.,  Electric  power 
tariffs,  283. 

Vienna,  Austria,  109,  363. 

Vincent,  W.  G.,  Jr.,  Present  value  of 
public  utility  properties,  219.  See 
also  Cory,  C.  L. 

Virginia,  99, 168,  361. 

Vittin^hofT,  Hans  von.  Regulation  of  the 
service  rendered  by  gas  companies, 
189. 


Wade,  H.  T.,  National  bureau  of  Stand- 
ards and  standards  for  public  utilities. 
189. 

Wagner,  B.  M.,  Acquisition  of  private 
water  plants  by  municipalities,  248, 
317;  Rates  for  water  supply,  46,  209, 
258,  292. 

Wagner,  H.  A.,  Public  service  and  the 
consumer,  16. 

Walcott,  E.  A.,  Municipal  railways  of 
San  Frandsco,  50,  344. 

Walker,  H.  B.,  Government  furnishes 
cheap  elecuidty,  53,  259,  346. 

Walkerville,  Canada,  iii,  266. 

Wallingford,  Connecticut,  51,  345. 

Wallis,  L.  R.,  The  foresee  system  of 
charging,  283. 

WaJlis,  R.  N.,  Accounting  of  depreda- 
tion by  electric  railways,  246;  De- 
preciation as  applicable  to  electric 
railways,  246. 

Waring,  J.  M.  S.,  see  Lloyd,  E.  W. 

Warner,  C.  A.,  What  is  wrong  with 
munidpal  ownership  ?  317. 

Warner,  G.  E.,  Public  ownership  of 
lighting  plant,  46,  86,  342,  356. 

Warner,  J.  DeW.,  Should  greater  New 


York  operate  its  street  railways  ?  85, 

325,356. 
Warren,  B.  W.,  The  state  and  the  street 

railway,  68,  163. 
Washington,  99,  100,  101,  168,  214,  264, 

361,  362. 
Washington,  D.  C,  52. 

Watered  stock,  see  Capitalization,  con- 
trol of. 
Waterloo,  Iowa,  62,  212,  350. 
Water  rates,  290  ff. 

Watkins,  G.  P.,  Electrical  rates  in  the 
opinions  of  the  Wisconsin  commission, 
108,  174,  265;  Electrical  rates:  load 
factor  and  density  factor,  283;  Street 
railway  rates,  290. 
Watson,  C.  C,  Nashville's  deteriorated 

waterworks,  97,  360. 
Webster,  W.  A.,  American  principles  in 

business  and  politics,  333. 
Wellington,  New  Zealand,  123,  374. 
Wells,  W.  I.,  Elements  affecting  fair 

valuation,  224. 
West,  Max,  Franchises  of  greater  New 
York,  85, 140;  Munidpal  franchises  in 
New  York,  85,  140. 
Western,  R.  W.,  Calculatmg  deprecia- 
tion, 246. 
Weston,  C.  V.,  Street  railway  franchises, 

130- 
Weston,  George,  Supervising  engineers 
and  street  railway  service,  58,  189. 
See  also  Arnold,  B.  J. 
West  Virginia,  loi,  168,  362. 
Wetterer,  C.  F.  W.,  Desirability  of  in- 
determinate  instead   of   fixed   term 
franchises,  146. 
Wheeling,  West  Virginia,  101,  362. 
Wherry,  W.  M.,  Jr.,  Four  public  utility 
laws  analyzed,  54, 60, 94, 101, 161,  i68; 
Franchise  values,  232,  253. 
Whinery,  Samuel,  Munidpal  ownership, 
318;    Quasi-public  corporations  ana 
their  control,  130, 146. 
Whipple,  F.  H.,  Cost  of  public  lighting, 
46,  253,  343;    Ownership  of  central 
stations,  46,  343. 
Whitehome,  E.  E.,  Value  of  the  poor 

man's  business,  46,  258,  283. 
Whitfield,  J.  B.,  PubUc  utiUty  corpora- 
tions in  general,  16;  Rights  and  duties 
of  public  service  corporations,  16. 
Whitney,  E.  B.,  Public  ownership  in 

New  York,  86,  356. 
Whitney,  F.  N.,  Centralized  assessment 
of  public  utilities  in  New  York,  81, 306. 
Whitney,  L.  N.,  Present  value  mislead- 
ing, 247. 
Whitney,  T.  H.,  Cooperation  between 
I     companies,  commissions  and  public, 


152;  New  York  City  public  service 
commission,  81,  166;  New  York 
public  utilities,  81, 166;  Public  service 
commissions  act  of  New  York,  81, 166. 

Whitridge,  F.  W.,  Official  valuations  of 
private  property,  209. 

^^tten,  R.  H.,  Actual  cost,  220; 
Average  price  vs.  present  price,  224; 
Bibliography  of  valuation  and  depre- 
ciation, 21;  Boston  sliding  scale  plan, 
69;  Certain  principles  of  valuation, 
209;  Depreciation  and  regulation, 
247;  Distinction  between  value  for 
tax  and  rate  purposes,  220,  306;  Fair 
value  for  rate  purposes,  209;  Paris 
subway  system,  113,  144,  365;  Public 
service  conmiission  situation  in  New 
York,  82;  Rate  of  return,  296;  Regu- 
lation of  public  service  companies  in 
Great  Britain,  125,  299;  Rules  for 
appraisers  in  Maine  condemnation 
cases,  224;  Supervision  of  street  rail- 
ways in  England  and  Prussia,  27; 
Taxation  of  corporations,  46,  306; 
Toronto  auction  sale  and  maximum 
dividend  system,  112;  Valuation  of 
public  service  corporations,  199,  211, 
220,  230,  232,  234,  247,  249,  254; 
Valuation  of  public  utilities,  209; 
Work  of  the  commission  for  the  first 
district.  New  York,  81,  166. 

Whittlesey,  J.  T.,  Success  of  municipal 
lighting  plants  in  California,  48,  343. 

Wilcox,  D.  F.,  Capitalization,  capital, 
values,  appraisals  and  purchase  price, 
210;  Control  of  public  service  corpora- 
tions in  Detroit,  73,  138;  Control  of 
public  utilities,  130,  146,  318;  Crisis 
m  public  service  regulation  in  New 
York,  82,  152,  166;  Detroit,  73;  Ef- 
fects of  state  regulation  upon  munic- 

-  ipal  ownership  movement,  46,  152, 
158,  318;  Elements  of  a  constructive 
franchise  policy,  86,  130,  140;  Fran- 
chise provisions  in  commission  char- 
ters, 130;  Fundamental  planks  in  a 
public  utility  program,  16,  306,  318; 
Grand  Rapids,  74;  How  the  Chicago 
and  Cleveland  street  railway  settie- 
ments  are  working  out,  59,  91,  136, 
142;  How  to  make  a  study  of  local 
utility  franchises,  131;  Local  utility 
departments,  franchise  bureaus^  ipid 
special  experts,  177;  Miimpapblis  \^ 
setUement  ordinances,  75, 138;  Munic- 
ipal franchises,  46,  69,  96^  131,  134,. 
299.  306,  359;  MunidjAl  hddkCk  M^ 
and  franchises,  146,  177;  Muhidflja 
ownership,  326;  Needed  changes  in 
the  pubhc  service  laws  of  New  Ytrk, 


82,  166,  178;  New  York  subway  con- 
tracts, 86,  141;  Principles  as  to  fran- 
chise values,  232,  249,  306;  Problems 
of  transit  in  cities,  17;  Public  service 
commission  situation  in  New  York, 
166;  Public  utility  advice,  318;  Reg- 
ulation of  municipal  utilities,  140; 
Report  upon  proposed  standard  form 
of  franchise,  86,  141;  Street  railway 
franchises  in  greater  New  York,  86, 
141;  Street  railway  resettiements,  46, 
343;  Street  railway  settiement  fran- 
chises of  Chicago  and  Cleveland,  59, 
91,  136,  143;  Supervision  of  local 
utilities  by  state  commissions,  153; 
Taxation  of  public  utilities,  307; 
What  a  street  railway  franchise  should 
contain,  132.   See  also  Peters,  J.  W.  S. 

Wilcox,  D.  F.,  and  Peters,  J.  W.  S.,  Sug- 
gestions for  a  model  street  railway 
franchise,  132. 

Wilcox,  N.  T.,  Some  reasons  for  dif- 
ference in  price,  271,  283;  Wholesale 
rates  for  central  station  service,  283. 

Wiles,  C.  W.,  Ownership  of  public  utili- 
ties, 318. 

Wilgus,  W.  J.,  Ph3rsical  valuations  of 
railroads,  210,  220. 

Wilkie,  J.  E.,  Sidelights  on  London  tram- 
ways, 125. 

Willcox,  O.  B.,  Competition  with  other 
investments,  296;  Returns  necessary 
to  attract  new  capital,  296;  Meth- 
ods of  determining  the  economic  pro- 
ductivity of  munidpal  enterprises, 
318. 

Williams,  A.  D.,  Cleveland  munidpal 
electric  plants,  357. 

Williams,  Arthur,  Municipal  ownership 
costiy  and  dangerous,  27,  333,  337; 
Munidpal  ownership  of  public  utilities, 

27,  333»  337. 

Williams,  E.  E.,  How  London  loses  by 
munidpal  ownership,  125,  377. 

Williams,  F.  H.,  Fort  Wayne's  munidpal 
lighting  plant,  60,  349. 

Williams,  Harrison,  Assessment  of  rail- 
roads, 82,  307. 

Williams,  W.  H.,  Railway  capital  and 
values,  71,  212;  Valuation  of  public 
service  corporations,  220. 

Willis,  H.  E.,  Proper  relation  between 

•    bi^iC  od^i^igs  aad  the  state,  17. 

^Wilindt;  H*  iV;,  De^)reciation,  247. 

t^ilsbn,' Alexander,  Presidential  address: 

. .  Jqstitution  of  gas  engineers,  125,  377. 

.WiUfoV,  C*.'  P.,*  Firiaitcing  public  utilities 

* .  Ui^^P  slaie  contrdl,  210,  296. 

Wilson,  H:  W.,  Thrte-cent  light  in  Cleve- 

.    land,  9ir.  M3j  357. 


*  * 


•      <      » 


I : 


-^i 


410 


INDEX 


Wilson  Thomas,  City  and  state  power 
plants  at  Columbus,  92, 357;  Detroit's 
muniapal  lighting  plant,  73,  353; 
Kakmazoo  municipal  plant,  74,  353 

Wmchester    A.    E.,   South   N^i^iSc's 
municipal  electric  works,  si.  «i8  ^c 
See  also  Klumpp,  J.  B  ^    '  ^^' 

Wimiipeg,  Canada,  110,  in,  112,  a66, 
3^4,  wC.  '         »         I 

Winslow,  A.  A.,  City  ownership  of  street 
railways  m  Lidge,  100.  x6\ 

Winslow,  W.H.,'a  st^dfof  the  condi- 
tions affectmg  the  price  at  which  capi- 
tal can  be  secured,  296;  What  is  fair 
return  ?  297. 

Winslow,  Waiard,  Boston's  new  subway 
70,352.  •^' 

W^consin,  loaflf.    143,  144,  ^^q 
215,  a64,  265,  36a,  363. 

Witt^  Peter,  Public  favors  skip-stop,  91, 

WolflF,  Mark,  Interpretation  of  water- 
works accounts,  184. 

Wolff,  S.  E.,  Rates  for  industrial  pur- 
poses, 286.  ^ 

Wolff,  Solomon,  Public  service  corpora- 
tions of  New  Orleans,  64. 

Wood,  A.  E.,  Ubor  problem  of  municipal 
utihties,  153.  *^ 

Woodruff,  C  R  ,  Philadelphia  gas  works, 
96,  360;    Philadelphia  street  railway 
franchises  96, 143;  Recent  street  rail- 
way legislaUon  in  Pennsylvania,  94 
96,360.  ^^' 

Woods,  R.  A.,  and  Eastman,  J.  B.,  Bos- 
ton franchise  contest,  70,  138. 
Woodward,  J^  H,  see  Crawford,  N.  McD. 
Woodward,  Park,  Municipal  ownership, 

Woolfolk,  W.  G,  Appraisal  of  pubUc 
utihty  properties,  200,  210,  224,  297. 

Wootan,  J  B  Kansas  City  m.  o  light 
plant  a  failure,  63,  350;    Richmond 

^\  Jif^^"?^  P^^'  99,  361;   Truth 
about  Cleveland,  91,  357. 

Worcester,  Massachusetts,  71,  261. 

^orks,  L.  R.,  Board  of  public  utiUties  of 
fos  Angeles,  48, 159;  Stete  vs.  munic- 
ipal regulation,  178. 

Worthinpton,  Thomas,   Regulation  w. 

Wnght,  Artiiur,  Central  station  tariff 

system   283;   Some  prinviplefi'.uiider^ 

fi!r^        prof  tabJe  ^ale  of  electricity, 


Wng^t  demand  rate,  see  Electric  rates. 

wngnt,  H.  C,  Development  of  transit 
cpndt)!  m  New  York  City,  86, 141. 

Wnghtmgton,  E.  N.,  SUding  scale 
method  of  regulation,  70,  299. 

Wnghtington,  S.  R.,  Taxation  of  guar- 
anteed stock  in  Massachusetts.  68. 
192,  307. 

Wyer,  S.  S.,  Depreciation,  247;  Going 
value  and  going  concern  value,  230: 
Governmental  power  to  regulate,  17; 
Natural  gas  valuation,  210;  Prin- 
ciples governing  cost,  271;  Rate  reg- 
ulation of  electiic  power,  17,  210: 
Reasonableness  and  legal  right  of  the 
mmimum  charge,  258,  271;  Regula- 
tion, valuation  and  depreciation,  8. 
194,  200,  254;  Valuation,  210. 

Wyman,  Bruce,  Illegality  as  an  excuse 
for  refusal  of  pubhc  service,  189; 
Judicial  limitations  upon  commis- 
sion action,  194;  State  control  of 
pubhc  utilities,  17,  27.  See  also 
Beale,  J.  H. 


Yeaman,  C.  H.,  Depreciation  and  re- 
serves for  antiquation  and  obsolescence 
247.  ' 

YeUott,  O.  I.,  Notes  on  depreciation. 

247.  ' 

Yerbury,  H.  E.,  Equitoble  chaiges  for 

tramway  supply,  125,  267,  290. 
Young,  A.  A.,  Depreciation  and  rate 

control,  248. 
Young,  C.  G.,  Logical  basis  for  valua- 
tions of  interurban  street  railways. 

200,  210,  297. 
Young,  P.  S.,  Accounting  methods  of  a 

holdmg  company,  154;  Accounting  of 

capital  expenditures,  184. 
Youn^an,     Anna,     Frankfort-on-the- 

Main,  114, 367. 
Y.  M.  C.  A.,  New  York,  West  Side 

Branch,  Public  utility  economics,  9. 
Ypsilanti,  Michigan,  74,  354. 


Zangerle,  J.  A.,  The  larger  view  of  munic- 
ipal ownership,  326. 

Zone  fare  system,  see  Fares,  street  car. 

Zuebbn,  Charles,  Municipal  ownership, 
326;    Municipal  railway  regulation. 

^  47)  50,  345. 

Zurich,  Switzerland,  126,  377. 


PUNTED  AT 
HAAVAEO  UNIVZXSITy  PRESS 
CAMBUDGE.  MASS..  U.  8.  A. 


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JUL  3 1 1942 


END  OF 
TITLE 


